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Ping Y, Peng H, Zhu Y, Feng Y, Zhang Y, Qi X, Liu X. Spatial preference behavior of robo-pigeons induced by electrical stimulus targeting fear nuclei. Biomed Mater Eng 2024:BME240048. [PMID: 38995766 DOI: 10.3233/bme-240048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous studies have confirmed that stimulating the mid-brain motor nuclei can regulate movement forcibly for robo-pigeons, but research on behavior modulation using non-motor nuclei is scarce. OBJECTIVE In this study, we constructed a spatial preference behavior by stimulating the stratum griseum periventriculare (SGP), a nucleus correlated with fear and escape, for robo-pigeons. METHODS The study was carried out in a square-enclosed experimental field, with a designated box serving as the 'safe' area for the robo-pigeons. If the robo-pigeon exits this area, the SGP will be stimulated. After a brief training period, the robo-pigeons will have a clear spatial preference for the box. RESULTS The result from five pigeons has shown that, after simple training, the animals develop a spatial preference for the box. They can quickly return to the box in any situation when the SGP is stimulated, with a success rate exceeding 80% (89.0 ± 6.5%). Moreover, this behavior is highly stable and remains consistent, unaffected by changes in the location of the box or the interference box. CONCLUSION The results prove that using the electrical stimulus could enable animals to accomplish more complex tasks. It may offer a novel approach to regulating pigeon behavior and further advance the study of cyborg animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanna Ping
- School of Intelligent Manufacturing, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Human-Machine Interaction Equipment, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, China
| | - Huanhuan Peng
- School of Intelligent Manufacturing, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Human-Machine Interaction Equipment, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, China
| | - Yongjun Zhu
- School of Intelligent Manufacturing, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, China
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuhao Feng
- School of Intelligent Manufacturing, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, China
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yexin Zhang
- School of Intelligent Manufacturing, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, China
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaomin Qi
- School of Intelligent Manufacturing, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Human-Machine Interaction Equipment, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- School of Intelligent Manufacturing, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Human-Machine Interaction Equipment, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, China
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Bi M, Zhang H, Ma Y, Wang H, Wang W, Shi Y, Sheng W, Li Q, Gao G, Cai L. Modulation Steering Motion by Quantitative Electrical Stimulation in Pigeon Robots. MICROMACHINES 2024; 15:595. [PMID: 38793168 PMCID: PMC11123149 DOI: 10.3390/mi15050595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
The pigeon robot has attracted significant attention in the field of animal robotics thanks to its outstanding mobility and adaptive capability in complex environments. However, research on pigeon robots is currently facing bottlenecks, and achieving fine control over the motion behavior of pigeon robots through brain-machine interfaces remains challenging. Here, we systematically quantify the relationship between electrical stimulation and stimulus-induced motion behaviors, and provide an analytical method to demonstrate the effectiveness of pigeon robots based on electrical stimulation. In this study, we investigated the influence of gradient voltage intensity (1.2-3.0 V) on the indoor steering motion control of pigeon robots. Additionally, we discussed the response time of electrical stimulation and the effective period of the brain-machine interface. The results indicate that pigeon robots typically exhibit noticeable behavioral responses at a 2.0 V voltage stimulus. Increasing the stimulation intensity significantly controls the steering angle and turning radius (p < 0.05), enabling precise control of pigeon robot steering motion through stimulation intensity regulation. When the threshold voltage is reached, the average response time of a pigeon robot to the electrical stimulation is 220 ms. This study quantifies the role of each stimulation parameter in controlling pigeon robot steering behavior, providing valuable reference information for the precise steering control of pigeon robots. Based on these findings, we offer a solution for achieving precise control of pigeon robot steering motion and contribute to solving the problem of encoding complex trajectory motion in pigeon robots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxuan Bi
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250100, China; (M.B.); (H.Z.); (Y.M.); (W.S.); (Q.L.); (G.G.)
| | - Huimin Zhang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250100, China; (M.B.); (H.Z.); (Y.M.); (W.S.); (Q.L.); (G.G.)
| | - Yaohong Ma
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250100, China; (M.B.); (H.Z.); (Y.M.); (W.S.); (Q.L.); (G.G.)
| | - Hao Wang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211100, China; (H.W.); (W.W.)
| | - Wenbo Wang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211100, China; (H.W.); (W.W.)
| | - Yuan Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Qilu Normal University, Jinan 250200, China;
| | - Wenlong Sheng
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250100, China; (M.B.); (H.Z.); (Y.M.); (W.S.); (Q.L.); (G.G.)
| | - Qiushun Li
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250100, China; (M.B.); (H.Z.); (Y.M.); (W.S.); (Q.L.); (G.G.)
| | - Guangheng Gao
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250100, China; (M.B.); (H.Z.); (Y.M.); (W.S.); (Q.L.); (G.G.)
| | - Lei Cai
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250100, China; (M.B.); (H.Z.); (Y.M.); (W.S.); (Q.L.); (G.G.)
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Li M, Yang L, Wang Z, Liu Y, Wan H, Shang Z. Progress of Micro-Stimulation Techniques to Alter Pigeons' Motor Behavior: A Review from the Perspectives of the Neural Basis and Neuro-Devices. Brain Sci 2024; 14:339. [PMID: 38671991 PMCID: PMC11047962 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14040339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Pigeons have natural advantages in robotics research, including a wide range of activities, low energy consumption, good concealment performance, strong long-distance weight bearing and continuous flight ability, excellent navigation, and spatial cognitive ability, etc. They are typical model animals in the field of animal robot research and have important application value. A hot interdisciplinary research topic and the core content of pigeon robot research, altering pigeon motor behavior using brain stimulation involves multiple disciplines including animal ethology, neuroscience, electronic information technology and artificial intelligence technology, etc. In this paper, we review the progress of altering pigeon motor behavior using brain stimulation from the perspectives of the neural basis and neuro-devices. The recent literature on altering pigeon motor behavior using brain stimulation was investigated first. The neural basis, structure and function of a system to alter pigeon motor behavior using brain stimulation are briefly introduced below. Furthermore, a classified review was carried out based on the representative research achievements in this field in recent years. Our summary and discussion of the related research progress cover five aspects including the control targets, control parameters, control environment, control objectives, and control system. Future directions that need to be further studied are discussed, and the development trend in altering pigeon motor behavior using brain stimulation is projected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Li
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (M.L.); (L.Y.); (Y.L.)
- Henan Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Brain Computer Interface Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China;
| | - Long Yang
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (M.L.); (L.Y.); (Y.L.)
- Henan Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Brain Computer Interface Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China;
| | - Zhenlong Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Brain Computer Interface Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China;
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yuhuai Liu
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (M.L.); (L.Y.); (Y.L.)
- National Center for International Joint Research of Electronic Materials and Systems, International Joint-Laboratory of Electronic Materials and Systems of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Hong Wan
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (M.L.); (L.Y.); (Y.L.)
- Henan Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Brain Computer Interface Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China;
| | - Zhigang Shang
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (M.L.); (L.Y.); (Y.L.)
- Henan Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Brain Computer Interface Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China;
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Jia Q, Liu Y, Lv S, Wang Y, Jiao P, Xu W, Xu Z, Wang M, Cai X. Wireless closed-loop deep brain stimulation using microelectrode array probes. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2024:1-21. [PMID: 38423536 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2300400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Deep brain stimulation (DBS), including optical stimulation and electrical stimulation, has been demonstrated considerable value in exploring pathological brain activity and developing treatments for neural disorders. Advances in DBS microsystems based on implantable microelectrode array (MEA) probes have opened up new opportunities for closed-loop DBS (CL-DBS) in situ. This technology can be used to detect damaged brain circuits and test the therapeutic potential for modulating the output of these circuits in a variety of diseases simultaneously. Despite the success and rapid utilization of MEA probe-based CL-DBS microsystems, key challenges, including excessive wired communication, need to be urgently resolved. In this review, we considered recent advances in MEA probe-based wireless CL-DBS microsystems and outlined the major issues and promising prospects in this field. This technology has the potential to offer novel therapeutic options for psychiatric disorders in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianli Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yaoyao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shiya Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yiding Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Peiyao Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhaojie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mixia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Xinxia Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. ,
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China. ,
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Fang K, Guo X, Tang Y, Wang W, Wang Z, Dai Z. High-Frequency Local Field Potential Oscillations for Pigeons in Effective Turning. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:509. [PMID: 38338152 PMCID: PMC10854807 DOI: 10.3390/ani14030509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Flexible turning behavior endows Homing Pigeons (Columba livia domestica) with high adaptability and intelligence in long-distance flight, foraging, hazard avoidance, and social interactions. The present study recorded the activity pattern of their local field potential (LFP) oscillations and explored the relationship between different bands of oscillations and turning behaviors in the formatio reticularis medialis mesencephali (FRM). The results showed that the C (13-60 Hz) and D (61-130 Hz) bands derived from FRM nuclei oscillated significantly in active turning, while the D and E (131-200 Hz) bands oscillated significantly in passive turning. Additionally, compared with lower-frequency stimulation (40 Hz and 60 Hz), 80 Hz stimulation can effectively activate the turning function of FRM nuclei. Electrical stimulation elicited stronger oscillations of neural activity, which strengthened the pigeons' turning locomotion willingness, showing an enhanced neural activation effect. These findings suggest that different band oscillations play different roles in the turning behavior; in particular, higher-frequency oscillations (D and E bands) enhance the turning behavior. These findings will help us decode the complex relationship between bird brains and behaviors and are expected to facilitate the development of neuromodulation techniques for animal robotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Fang
- Institute of Bio-Inspired Structure and Surface Engineering, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210001, China; (K.F.); (X.G.); (Y.T.); (W.W.)
| | - Xiaofei Guo
- Institute of Bio-Inspired Structure and Surface Engineering, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210001, China; (K.F.); (X.G.); (Y.T.); (W.W.)
| | - Yezhong Tang
- Institute of Bio-Inspired Structure and Surface Engineering, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210001, China; (K.F.); (X.G.); (Y.T.); (W.W.)
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 9 Section 4, Renmin Nan Road, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wenbo Wang
- Institute of Bio-Inspired Structure and Surface Engineering, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210001, China; (K.F.); (X.G.); (Y.T.); (W.W.)
| | - Zhouyi Wang
- Institute of Bio-Inspired Structure and Surface Engineering, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210001, China; (K.F.); (X.G.); (Y.T.); (W.W.)
| | - Zhendong Dai
- Institute of Bio-Inspired Structure and Surface Engineering, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210001, China; (K.F.); (X.G.); (Y.T.); (W.W.)
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Fang K, Mei H, Song Y, Wang Z, Dai Z. 动物机器人：研究基础、关键技术及发展预测. CHINESE SCIENCE BULLETIN-CHINESE 2022. [DOI: 10.1360/tb-2021-1314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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The role of posterior pallial amygdala in mediating motor behaviors in pigeons. Sci Rep 2022; 12:367. [PMID: 35013368 PMCID: PMC8748633 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03876-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The posterior pallial amygdala (PoA) is located on the basolateral caudal telencephalon, including the basal division of PoA (PoAb) and the compact division of PoA (PoAc). PoA plays a vital role in emotion regulation and is considered a part of the amygdala in birds. However, the regulatory functions responsible for motor behaviors and emotions between PoAb and PoAc are poorly understood. Therefore, we studied the structure and function of PoA by tract-tracing methods, constant current electrical stimulation, and different dopamine receptor drug injections in pigeons (Columba livia domestica). PoAb connects reciprocally with two nuclear groups in the cerebrum: 1) a continuum comprising the temporo–parieto–occipitalis, corticoidea dorsolateralis, hippocampus, and parahippocampalis areas and 2) rostral areas of the hemisphere, including the nucleus septalis lateralis and nucleus taeniae amygdalae. Extratelencephalic projections of PoAb terminate in the lateral hypothalamic nucleus and are scattered in many limbic midbrain regions. PoAb and PoAc mainly mediated the turning movement. In the ‘open-field’ test, D1 agonist and D2 antagonist could significantly reduce the latency period for entering into the central area and increase the residence time in the central area, whereas D1 antagonist and D2 agonist had the opposite effect. PoAb and PoAc are important brain areas that mediate turning behavior.
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