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Geng J, Deng XH, Xiong Z, Gao J, Song B. Innovative design to achieve a multi-band electromagnetic wave stealth. OPTICS LETTERS 2024; 49:5328-5331. [PMID: 39270297 DOI: 10.1364/ol.533514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
Metamaterials have opened up a new field of electromagnetic wave stealth that can achieve cross-band electromagnetic wave stealth through high electromagnetic wave absorption and low infrared emission. However, traditional cross-band stealth metamaterials make covering the terahertz band challenging and have certain design flaws. This Letter introduces an innovative cross-band electromagnetic wave stealth metasurface design that can achieve cross-band stealth in the infrared, microwave, and THz bands. We use phase change materials and the gradient principle to achieve GHz and THz cross-band absorption. We also design surface height-covered low infrared emitting materials, which give them lower infrared emissivity. These functions give it enormous potential in military applications, and using phase change materials for cross-band absorption also provides new, to our knowledge, ideas for multifunctional stealth materials.
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Wu G, Li C, Wang D, Gao S, Guo H, Chen W, Guo S, Xiong J, Che Y. Photocontrolled ultra-broadband metamaterial absorber around the terahertz regime. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:23144-23151. [PMID: 39189163 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp02809k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
In this paper, we innovatively stack multiple resonant units of photoconductive silicon to design an ultra-broadband metamaterial absorber. By manipulating the conductivity of the silicon with a pump beam, adjustments are made to the amplitude of the wide absorption spectrum spanning 6.6 THz, enabling functional switching from total reflection to near-perfect ultra-broadband absorption. By integrating vanadium dioxide as an intermediary layer, a dual-mode switchable absorber is realized, offering dual control functionalities. Temperature changes enable the absorber to switch between dual-band absorption and ultra-broadband absorption, while variations in pump beam intensity allow for further amplitude adjustments within the absorption spectrum. Impedance matching theory and near-field analysis provide the necessary physical foundation for understanding broadband absorption. Structural parameters, incident angle, and polarization angle of the incident electromagnetic waves are also studied to demonstrate the device's robustness. Our proposed absorbers not only greatly broaden the absorption bandwidth of silicon-based absorbers, but also offer versatility, polarization insensitivity, and robustness over a wide range of incidence angles. Moreover, our design ideas are useful for broadening the bandwidth and enhancing absorption, which enables wider applications in ultra-broadband terahertz absorption and promises extensive prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guozheng Wu
- School of Information Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, 250022, China.
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network-based Intelligent Computing, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Chao Li
- School of Information Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, 250022, China.
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network-based Intelligent Computing, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Dong Wang
- School of Information Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, 250022, China.
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network-based Intelligent Computing, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Song Gao
- School of Information Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, 250022, China.
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network-based Intelligent Computing, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Haijun Guo
- School of Information Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, 250022, China.
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network-based Intelligent Computing, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Wenya Chen
- School of Information Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, 250022, China.
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network-based Intelligent Computing, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Shijing Guo
- School of Information Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, 250022, China.
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network-based Intelligent Computing, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Jiaran Xiong
- School of Information Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, 250022, China.
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network-based Intelligent Computing, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Yue Che
- China Mobile Group Shandong Co., Ltd, Jinan, 250101, China
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Zhao C, Wang H, Bu Y, Zou H, Wang X. Structures, principles, and properties of metamaterial perfect absorbers. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:30145-30171. [PMID: 37916298 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp03346e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Metamaterials are a kind of artificial material with special properties, showing huge potential for applications in fields such as infrared measurement, solar cells, optical sensors, and optical stealth. A metamaterial perfect absorber (MPA) is designed based on a metamaterial, featuring strong absorption, small volume, light weight, ultra-bandwidth, tunability and other characteristics. This paper introduces the absorption mechanism of MPAs from microwave to optical wave band, and four directions of absorber design are elaborated. Equivalent impedance matching, plasma resonance and interference effect are the main absorption mechanisms of MPA. Multiband perfect absorption, ultra-wideband and ultra-narrowband perfect absorption, polarization and angle insensitive absorption, and dynamically controllable tunable absorption are the main design aspects. Among them, the proposal of a dynamically tunable absorber realizes the dynamic absorption. Finally, the problems and challenges of metamaterial perfect absorber design are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxu Zhao
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Huan Wang
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Yanyan Bu
- College of Science, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Hui Zou
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Xiangfu Wang
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy (Wuhan University of Science and Technology), Wuhan, 430081, China
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Ji Z, Cao W, Gao M, Liu Y, Chu W, Zhang Q. Mirror-symmetric double-negative metamaterial resonator with polarization insensitivity and tunable sandwiched structure for multiband wireless communications. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21731. [PMID: 37954310 PMCID: PMC10637912 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper presents a novel Double-negative (DNG) metamaterial (MM) resonator with a mirror-symmetric configuration, designed to exhibit multiband resonances in the S, C, and X bands. The resonator is fabricated using advanced processing techniques on a Rogers 5880 substrate and features electrodeposited copper. It consists of four equal regions, each containing interconnected split-ring resonators that are connected through a cross-shaped structure to ensure mirror symmetry. The simulation results demonstrate six resonance points at frequencies of 2.45 GHz, 4.27 GHz, 6.86 GHz, 8.98 GHz, 10.69 GHz, and 11.65 GHz. These resonances are characterized by near-zero/negative permeability, negative permittivity, refractive index, and impedance. Furthermore, the cross-polarization effect of incident waves is investigated. Additionally, the potential for tunability of resonance frequencies is explored through a sandwiched configuration of the MM resonator, achieved by modifying the cover of the resonating patch. Moreover, the equivalent circuit model of the proposed MM resonator is in good agreement with practical measurements, validating the simulation results. The new tuning method for MM resonators holds the promise for future sensing applications and wireless communications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghang Ji
- College of Electronic Information Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, PR China
- Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center of Intelligent Perception and Information Processing, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, PR China
| | - Wei Cao
- College of Electronic Information Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, PR China
| | - Mandi Gao
- College of Electronic Information Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, PR China
| | - Yunqing Liu
- College of Electronic Information Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, PR China
- Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center of Intelligent Perception and Information Processing, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, PR China
| | - Wei Chu
- College of Electronic Information Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, PR China
- Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center of Intelligent Perception and Information Processing, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, PR China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- College of Electronic Information Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, PR China
- Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center of Intelligent Perception and Information Processing, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, PR China
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Wang X, Liu Y, Jia Y, Su N, Wu Q. Ultra-Wideband and Narrowband Switchable, Bi-Functional Metamaterial Absorber Based on Vanadium Dioxide. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:1381. [PMID: 37512692 PMCID: PMC10384486 DOI: 10.3390/mi14071381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
A switchable ultra-wideband THz absorber based on vanadium dioxide was proposed, which consists of a lowermost gold layer, a PMI dielectric layer, and an insulating and surface vanadium dioxide layer. Based on the phase transition properties of vanadium dioxide, switching performance between ultra-broadband and narrowband can achieve a near-perfect absorption. The constructed model was simulated and analyzed using finite element analysis. Simulations show that the absorption frequency of vanadium dioxide above 90% is between 3.8 THz and 15.6 THz when the vanadium dioxide is in the metallic state. The broadband absorber has an absorption bandwidth of 11.8 THz, is insensitive to TE and TM polarization, and has universal incidence angle insensitivity. When vanadium dioxide is in the insulating state, the narrowband absorber has a Q value as high as 1111 at a frequency of 13.89 THz when the absorption is more excellent than 99%. The absorber proposed in this paper has favorable symmetry properties, excellent TE and TM wave insensitivity, overall incidence angle stability, and the advantages of its small size, ultra-widebands and narrowbands, and elevated Q values. The designed absorber has promising applications in multifunctional devices, electromagnetic cloaking, and optoelectronic switches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Wang
- School of Information and Communication Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
- Center for Microsystem Integration, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
- School of Instrument and Intelligent Future Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Yanfei Liu
- Center for Microsystem Integration, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
- School of Instrument and Intelligent Future Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
- School of Semiconductors and Physics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Yilin Jia
- Center for Microsystem Integration, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
- School of Instrument and Intelligent Future Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
- School of Semiconductors and Physics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Ningning Su
- Center for Microsystem Integration, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
- School of Instrument and Intelligent Future Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
- School of Semiconductors and Physics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Qiannan Wu
- Center for Microsystem Integration, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
- School of Instrument and Intelligent Future Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
- School of Semiconductors and Physics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
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Zou Y, Lin H, Tian G, Zhou H, Zhu H, Xiong H, Wang BX. Triple-Band and Ultra-Broadband Switchable Terahertz Meta-Material Absorbers Based on the Hybrid Structures of Vanadium Dioxide and Metallic Patterned Resonators. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:4719. [PMID: 37445033 DOI: 10.3390/ma16134719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
A bifunctional terahertz meta-material absorber with three layers is designed. The surface of the bifunctional meta-material absorber is a periodically patterned array composed of hybrid structures of vanadium dioxide (VO2) and metallic resonators; the middle layer is a nondestructive TOPAS film, and the bottom layer is a continuous metallic plane. Utilizing the phase-transition property of VO2, the responses of the meta-material absorber could be dynamically switched between triple-band absorption and ultra-broadband absorption. When VO2 is in the metallic state, an ultra-broadband absorption covering the bandwidth of 6.62 THz is achieved over the range from 4.71 THz to 11.33 THz. When VO2 is in the di-electric state, three absorption peaks resonated at 10.57 THz, 12.68 THz, and 13.91 THz. The physical mechanisms of the bifunctional meta-material absorber were explored by analyzing their near-field distributions. The effects of varying structural parameters on triple-band and ultra-broadband absorption were investigated. It is revealed that by optimizing the structure parameters, the number of absorption peaks could be increased for a certain sacrifice of absorption bandwidth. FDTD Solutions and CST Microwave Studio were used to simulate the data of the absorber, and similar results were obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuke Zou
- School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hongyan Lin
- School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Gaowen Tian
- School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Haiquan Zhou
- Zhejiang Beyondsun Green Energy Technology Co., Ltd., Huzhou 313008, China
| | - Huaxin Zhu
- School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Han Xiong
- School of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Ben-Xin Wang
- School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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Li X, Li Q, Wu L, Xu Z, Yao J. Focusing on the Development and Current Status of Metamaterial Absorber by Bibliometric Analysis. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:2286. [PMID: 36984166 PMCID: PMC10053346 DOI: 10.3390/ma16062286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a total of 4770 effective documents about metamaterial absorbers were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database. We scientifically analyzed the co-occurrence network of co-citation analysis by author, country/region, institutional, document, keywords co-occurrence, and the timeline of the clusters in the field of metamaterial absorber. Landy N. I.'s, with his cooperator et al., first experiment demonstrated a perfect metamaterial absorber microwave to absorb all incidents of radiation. From then on, a single-band absorber, dual-band absorber, triple-band absorber, multi-band absorber and broad-band absorber have been proposed and investigated widely. By integrating graphene and vanadium dioxide to the metamaterial absorber, the frequency-agile functionality can be realized. Tunable absorption will be very important in the future, especially metamaterial absorbers based on all-silicon. This paper provides a new research method to study and evaluate the performance of metamaterial absorbers. It can also help new researchers in the field of metamaterial absorbers to achieve the development of research content and to understand the recent progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Tianjin Renai Library, Tianjin Renai College, Tianjin 301636, China
| | - Qiushi Li
- Tianjin Renai Library, Tianjin Renai College, Tianjin 301636, China
- Tianjin University Library, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Liang Wu
- Institute of Laser and Opt-Electronics, Key Laboratory of Opt-Electronics Information Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zongcheng Xu
- Department of Physics, Tianjin Renai College, Tianjin 301636, China
| | - Jianquan Yao
- Institute of Laser and Opt-Electronics, Key Laboratory of Opt-Electronics Information Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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Tian Y, Han L, Yan L, Wang J, Zhang B, Jiao Z. Optically-Controlled Terahertz Multifunctional Polarization Conversion Metasurface with Reflection and Transmission Modes. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:1387. [PMID: 36144010 PMCID: PMC9504176 DOI: 10.3390/mi13091387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In the terahertz band, how integrating multiple functions into a device with a tiny unit structure is a challenge. In this paper, an optically-controlled multifunctional linear polarization conversion metasurface working in the terahertz band is proposed. The reflection and transmission polarization conversion functions can be realized by irradiating the metasurface with pump light with different wavelengths. The metasurface is designed with a multilayer structure, and a photosensitive semiconductor alone is used to control multiple functions, which makes the manipulation of multifunctional devices easy. When the photosensitive semiconductor germanium (Ge) and silicon (Si) are in different states, the metasurface can realize broadband reflection and transmission polarization conversion functions, the corresponding relative bandwidth are 102.4% and 98.9%, respectively, and the work efficiency can be regulated by pump light with different intensity and wavelength. In addition, the working principle of the metasurface is analyzed by eigenmode theory and surface current distributions. The stability of the metasurface to structural parameters and incident angles are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Tian
- Sichuan Aerospace Liaoyuan Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610100, China
| | - Lichang Han
- Sichuan Aerospace Liaoyuan Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610100, China
| | - Li Yan
- Sichuan Aerospace Liaoyuan Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610100, China
| | - Jiayun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Instrumentation Science & Dynamic Measurement, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Binzhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Instrumentation Science & Dynamic Measurement, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Zan Jiao
- Sichuan Aerospace Liaoyuan Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610100, China
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