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Ino K, Wachi M, Utagawa Y, Konno A, Takinoue M, Abe H, Shiku H. Scanning electrochemical microscopy for determining oxygen consumption rates of cells in hydrogel fibers fabricated using an extrusion 3D bioprinter. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1304:342539. [PMID: 38637037 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D)-cultured cells have attracted the attention of researchers in tissue engineering- and drug screening-related fields. Among them, 3D cellular fibers have attracted significant attention because they can be stacked to prepare more complex tissues and organs. Cellular fibers are widely fabricated using extrusion 3D bioprinters. For these applications, it is necessary to evaluate cellular activities, such as the oxygen consumption rate (OCR), which is one of the major metabolic activities. We previously reported the use of scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) to evaluate the OCRs of cell spheroids. However, the SECM approach has not yet been applied to hydrogel fibers prepared using the bioprinters. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate the OCR of cellular fibers printed by extrusion 3D bioprinters. First, the diffusion theory was discussed to address this issue. Next, diffusion models were simulated to compare realistic models with this theory. Finally, the OCRs of MCF-7 cells in the printed hydrogel fibers were evaluated as a proof of concept. Our proposed approach could potentially be used to evaluate the OCRs of tissue-engineered fibers for organ transplantation and drug screening using in-vitro models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Ino
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11-604, Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan.
| | - Mana Wachi
- School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11-604, Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Utagawa
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11-604, Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan
| | - An Konno
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-11-604, Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan
| | - Masahiro Takinoue
- Department of Computer Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, 226-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroya Abe
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11-604, Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan; Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University, Aramaki-aza Aoba 6-3, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Shiku
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11-604, Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan; Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-11-604, Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan.
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Nguyen MA, Dinh NT, Do Thi MH, Nguyen Thi D, Pham UT, Tran TQ, Nguyen VM, Le NH, Nguyen DT, Pham DTN. Simple and Rapid Method of Microwell Array Fabrication for Drug Testing on 3D Cancer Spheroids. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:16949-16958. [PMID: 38645317 PMCID: PMC11024980 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture systems are becoming increasingly popular due to their ability to mimic the complex process of angiogenesis in cancer, providing more accurate and physiologically relevant data than traditional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture systems. Microwell systems are particularly useful in this context as they provide a microenvironment that more closely resembles the in vivo environment than traditional microwells. Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) microwells are particularly advantageous due to their bio-inertness and the ability to tailor their material characteristics depending on the PEG molecular weight. Although there are several methods available for microwell fabrication, most of them are time-consuming and expensive. The current study utilizes a low-cost laser etching technique on poly(methyl methacrylate) materials followed by molding with PDMS to produce microwells. The optimal conditions for making concave microwells are an engraving parameter speed of 600 mm/s, power of 20%, and a design diameter of the microwell of 0.4 mm. The artificial tumor achieved its full size after 7 days of cell growth in a microwell system, and the cells developed drugs through a live/dead assay test. The results of the drug testing revealed that the IC50 value of zerumbone-loaded liposomes in HepG2 was 4.53 pM, which is greater than the IC50 value of zerumbone. The HepG2 cancer sphere's 3D platform for medication testing revealed that zerumbone-loaded liposomes were very effective at high doses. These findings generally imply that zerumbone-loaded liposomes have the capacity to target the liver and maintain medication delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Anh Nguyen
- Institute
for Tropical Technology, Vietnam Academy
of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet st., Cau Giay dist., Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Nhung Thi Dinh
- Hanoi
University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1 Dai Co Viet st., Hai Ba Trung
dist., Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - My Hanh Do Thi
- Institute
for Tropical Technology, Vietnam Academy
of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet st., Cau Giay dist., Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Dung Nguyen Thi
- Institute
for Tropical Technology, Vietnam Academy
of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet st., Cau Giay dist., Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Uyen Thu Pham
- Institute
for Tropical Technology, Vietnam Academy
of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet st., Cau Giay dist., Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
- University
of Science and Technology of Hanoi (USTH), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet st., Cau Giay
dist., Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Toan Quoc Tran
- Graduate
University of Science and Technology, Vietnam
Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet st., Cau Giay dist., Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
- Institute
of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy
of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet St., Cau Giay Dist., Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Vuong Minh Nguyen
- Institute
of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy
of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet St., Cau Giay Dist., Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Nhung Hong Le
- Graduate
University of Science and Technology, Vietnam
Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet st., Cau Giay dist., Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
- Institute
of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy
of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet St., Cau Giay Dist., Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Duong Thanh Nguyen
- Institute
for Tropical Technology, Vietnam Academy
of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet st., Cau Giay dist., Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
- Graduate
University of Science and Technology, Vietnam
Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet st., Cau Giay dist., Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Dung Thuy Nguyen Pham
- NTT Institute
of Applied Technology and Sustainable Development, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho
Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
- Faculty
of Environmental and Food Engineering, Nguyen
Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh
City 70000, Vietnam
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3
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Lv J, Du X, Wang M, Su J, Wei Y, Xu C. Construction of tumor organoids and their application to cancer research and therapy. Theranostics 2024; 14:1101-1125. [PMID: 38250041 PMCID: PMC10797287 DOI: 10.7150/thno.91362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains a severe public health burden worldwide. One of the challenges hampering effective cancer therapy is that the existing cancer models hardly recapitulate the tumor microenvironment of human patients. Over the past decade, tumor organoids have emerged as an in vitro 3D tumor model to mimic the pathophysiological characteristics of parental tumors. Various techniques have been developed to construct tumor organoids, such as matrix-based methods, hanging drop, spinner or rotating flask, nonadhesive surface, organ-on-a-chip, 3D bioprinting, and genetic engineering. This review elaborated on cell components and fabrication methods for establishing tumor organoid models. Furthermore, we discussed the application of tumor organoids to cancer modeling, basic cancer research, and anticancer therapy. Finally, we discussed current limitations and future directions in employing tumor organoids for more extensive applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajing Lv
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- Institute of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xuan Du
- Biopharma Industry Promotion Center Shanghai, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Miaomiao Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- Institute of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Zhongye Hospital, Shanghai, 200941, China
| | - Jiacan Su
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yan Wei
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Can Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
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Lin DY, Yu CY, Ku CA, Chung CK. Design, Fabrication, and Applications of SERS Substrates for Food Safety Detection: Review. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:1343. [PMID: 37512654 PMCID: PMC10385374 DOI: 10.3390/mi14071343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable and safe food is an important issue worldwide, and it depends on cost-effective analysis tools with good sensitivity and reality. However, traditional standard chemical methods of food safety detection, such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography (GC), and tandem mass spectrometry (MS), have the disadvantages of high cost and long testing time. Those disadvantages have prevented people from obtaining sufficient risk information to confirm the safety of their products. In addition, food safety testing, such as the bioassay method, often results in false positives or false negatives due to little rigor preprocessing of samples. So far, food safety analysis currently relies on the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), polymerase chain reaction (PCR), HPLC, GC, UV-visible spectrophotometry, and MS, all of which require significant time to train qualified food safety testing laboratory operators. These factors have hindered the development of rapid food safety monitoring systems, especially in remote areas or areas with a relative lack of testing resources. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has emerged as one of the tools of choice for food safety testing that can overcome these dilemmas over the past decades. SERS offers advantages over chromatographic mass spectrometry analysis due to its portability, non-destructive nature, and lower cost implications. However, as it currently stands, Raman spectroscopy is a supplemental tool in chemical analysis, reinforcing and enhancing the completeness and coverage of the food safety analysis system. SERS combines portability with non-destructive and cheaper detection costs to gain an advantage over chromatographic mass spectrometry analysis. SERS has encountered many challenges in moving toward regulatory applications in food safety, such as quantitative accuracy, poor reproducibility, and instability of large molecule detection. As a result, the reality of SERS, as a screening tool for regulatory announcements worldwide, is still uncommon. In this review article, we have compiled the current designs and fabrications of SERS substrates for food safety detection to unify all the requirements and the opportunities to overcome these challenges. This review is expected to improve the interest in the sensing field of SERS and facilitate the SERS applications in food safety detection in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding-Yan Lin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Yu Yu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Chin-An Ku
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Kuei Chung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
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Do TD, Pham UT, Nguyen LP, Nguyen TM, Bui CN, Oliver S, Pham P, Tran TQ, Hoang BT, Pham MTH, Pham DTN, Nguyen DT. Fabrication of a Low-Cost Microfluidic Device for High-Throughput Drug Testing on Static and Dynamic Cancer Spheroid Culture Models. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13081394. [PMID: 37189495 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13081394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug development is a complex and expensive process from new drug discovery to product approval. Most drug screening and testing rely on in vitro 2D cell culture models; however, they generally lack in vivo tissue microarchitecture and physiological functionality. Therefore, many researchers have used engineering methods, such as microfluidic devices, to culture 3D cells in dynamic conditions. In this study, a simple and low-cost microfluidic device was fabricated using Poly Methyl Methacrylate (PMMA), a widely available material, and the total cost of the completed device was USD 17.75. Dynamic and static cell culture examinations were applied to monitor the growth of 3D cells. α-MG-loaded GA liposomes were used as the drug to test cell viability in 3D cancer spheroids. Two cell culture conditions (i.e., static and dynamic) were also used in drug testing to simulate the effect of flow on drug cytotoxicity. Results from all assays showed that with the velocity of 0.005 mL/min, cell viability was significantly impaired to nearly 30% after 72 h in a dynamic culture. This device is expected to improve in vitro testing models, reduce and eliminate unsuitable compounds, and select more accurate combinations for in vivo testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tung Dinh Do
- Saint Paul General Hospital, No. 12, Chu Van An St., Ba Dinh Dist, Ha Noi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Uyen Thu Pham
- Institute for Tropical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet St., Cau Giay Dist., Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Linh Phuong Nguyen
- School of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, 1 Ton That Tung St., Dong Da Dist., Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Trang Minh Nguyen
- Institute for Tropical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet St., Cau Giay Dist., Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Cuong Nguyen Bui
- Hung Yen University of Technology and Education (UTEHY), 39A St., Khoai Chau Dist., Hung Yen 17000, Vietnam
| | - Susan Oliver
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Phuong Pham
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Toan Quoc Tran
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet St., Cau Giay Dist., Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet St., Cau Giay Dist., Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Bich Thi Hoang
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet St., Cau Giay Dist., Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Minh Thi Hong Pham
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet St., Cau Giay Dist., Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet St., Cau Giay Dist., Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Dung Thuy Nguyen Pham
- Institute of Applied Technology and Sustainable Development, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
- Faculty of Environmental and Food Engineering, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
| | - Duong Thanh Nguyen
- Institute for Tropical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet St., Cau Giay Dist., Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet St., Cau Giay Dist., Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
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Rodríguez CF, Andrade-Pérez V, Vargas MC, Mantilla-Orozco A, Osma JF, Reyes LH, Cruz JC. Breaking the clean room barrier: exploring low-cost alternatives for microfluidic devices. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1176557. [PMID: 37180035 PMCID: PMC10172592 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1176557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Microfluidics is an interdisciplinary field that encompasses both science and engineering, which aims to design and fabricate devices capable of manipulating extremely low volumes of fluids on a microscale level. The central objective of microfluidics is to provide high precision and accuracy while using minimal reagents and equipment. The benefits of this approach include greater control over experimental conditions, faster analysis, and improved experimental reproducibility. Microfluidic devices, also known as labs-on-a-chip (LOCs), have emerged as potential instruments for optimizing operations and decreasing costs in various of industries, including pharmaceutical, medical, food, and cosmetics. However, the high price of conventional prototypes for LOCs devices, generated in clean room facilities, has increased the demand for inexpensive alternatives. Polymers, paper, and hydrogels are some of the materials that can be utilized to create the inexpensive microfluidic devices covered in this article. In addition, we highlighted different manufacturing techniques, such as soft lithography, laser plotting, and 3D printing, that are suitable for creating LOCs. The selection of materials and fabrication techniques will depend on the specific requirements and applications of each individual LOC. This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the numerous alternatives for the development of low-cost LOCs to service industries such as pharmaceuticals, chemicals, food, and biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - María Camila Vargas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Johann F. Osma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Luis H. Reyes
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
- *Correspondence: Luis H. Reyes, ; Juan C. Cruz,
| | - Juan C. Cruz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
- *Correspondence: Luis H. Reyes, ; Juan C. Cruz,
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