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Cheng L, Lv X, Zhou W, Li H, Yang Q, Chen X, Wu Y. A Microfluidic Chip for Single-Cell Capture Based on Stagnation Point Flow and Boundary Effects. MICROMACHINES 2024; 15:456. [PMID: 38675267 PMCID: PMC11051830 DOI: 10.3390/mi15040456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The capture of individual cells using microfluidic chips represents a widely adopted and efficient approach for investigating the biochemical microenvironment of singular cells. While conventional methods reliant on boundary effects pose challenges in precisely manipulating individual cells, single-cell capture grounded in the principle of stagnation point flow offers a solution to this limitation. Nevertheless, such capture mechanisms encounter inconsistency due to the instability of the flow field and stagnation point. In this study, a microfluidic device for the stable capture of single cells was designed, integrating the principle of fluid mechanics by amalgamating stagnation point flow and boundary effects. This innovative microfluidic chip transcended the limitations associated with single methodologies, leveraging the strengths of both stagnation point flow and boundary effects to achieve reliable single-cell capture. Notably, the incorporation of capture ports at the stagnation point not only harnessed boundary effects but also enhanced capture efficiency significantly, elevating it from 31.9% to 83.3%, thereby augmenting capture stability. Furthermore, computational simulations demonstrated the efficacy of the capture ports in entrapping particles of varying diameters, including 9 μm, 14 μm, and 18 μm. Experiment validation underscored the capability of this microfluidic system to capture single cells within the chip, maintaining stability even under flow rate perturbations spanning from 60 μL/min to 120 μL/min. Consequently, cells with dimensions between 8 μm and 12 μm can be reliably captured. The designed microfluidic system not only furnishes a straightforward and efficient experimental platform but also holds promise for facilitating deeper investigations into the intricate interplay between individual cells and their surrounding microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Cheng
- Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China; (L.C.); (X.L.); (Q.Y.); (X.C.); (Y.W.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun 130033, China
- Key Laboratory of Optical System Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Xiao Lv
- Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China; (L.C.); (X.L.); (Q.Y.); (X.C.); (Y.W.)
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun 130033, China
- Key Laboratory of Optical System Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Wenchao Zhou
- Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China; (L.C.); (X.L.); (Q.Y.); (X.C.); (Y.W.)
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun 130033, China
- Key Laboratory of Optical System Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Huan Li
- Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China; (L.C.); (X.L.); (Q.Y.); (X.C.); (Y.W.)
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun 130033, China
- Key Laboratory of Optical System Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Qiushuang Yang
- Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China; (L.C.); (X.L.); (Q.Y.); (X.C.); (Y.W.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun 130033, China
- Key Laboratory of Optical System Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Xing Chen
- Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China; (L.C.); (X.L.); (Q.Y.); (X.C.); (Y.W.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun 130033, China
- Key Laboratory of Optical System Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Yihui Wu
- Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China; (L.C.); (X.L.); (Q.Y.); (X.C.); (Y.W.)
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun 130033, China
- Key Laboratory of Optical System Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
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Kim E, Kojima M, Mae Y, Arai T. High-Speed Manipulation of Microobjects Using an Automated Two-Fingered Microhand for 3D Microassembly. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:mi11050534. [PMID: 32456288 PMCID: PMC7281088 DOI: 10.3390/mi11050534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
To assemble microobjects including biological cells quickly and precisely, a fully automated pick-and-place operation is applied. In micromanipulation in liquid, the challenges include strong adhesion forces and high dynamic viscosity. To solve these problems, a reliable manipulation system and special releasing techniques are indispensable. A microhand having dexterous motion is utilized to grasp an object stably, and an automated stage transports the object quickly. To detach the object adhered to one of the end effectors, two releasing methods—local stream and a dynamic releasing—are utilized. A system using vision-based techniques for the recognition of two fingertips and an object, as well automated releasing methods, can increase the manipulation speed to faster than 800 ms/sphere with a 100% success rate (N = 100). To extend this manipulation technique, 2D and 3D assembly that manipulates several objects is attained by compensating the positional error. Finally, we succeed in assembling 80–120 µm of microbeads and spheroids integrated by NIH3T3 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunhye Kim
- Department of Systems Innovation, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
- Correspondence: (E.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Masaru Kojima
- Department of Systems Innovation, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
- Correspondence: (E.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Yasushi Mae
- Faculty of Engineering Science, Kansai University, Osaka 564-8680, Japan;
| | - Tatsuo Arai
- Global Alliance Laboratory, The University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan;
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robot and Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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Nagai M, Kato K, Soga S, Santra TS, Shibata T. Scalable Parallel Manipulation of Single Cells Using Micronozzle Array Integrated with Bidirectional Electrokinetic Pumps. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:mi11040442. [PMID: 32331468 PMCID: PMC7231381 DOI: 10.3390/mi11040442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
High throughput reconstruction of in vivo cellular environments allows for efficient investigation of cellular functions. If one-side-open multi-channel microdevices are integrated with micropumps, the devices will achieve higher throughput in the manipulation of single cells while maintaining flexibility and open accessibility. This paper reports on the integration of a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) micronozzle array and bidirectional electrokinetic pumps driven by DC-biased AC voltages. Pt/Ti and indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes were used to study the effect of DC bias and peak-to-peak voltage and electrodes in a low conductivity isotonic solution. The flow was bidirectionally controlled by changing the DC bias. A pump integrated with a micronozzle array was used to transport single HeLa cells into nozzle holes. The application of DC-biased AC voltage (100 kHz, 10 Vpp, and VDC: -4 V) provided a sufficient electroosmotic flow outside the nozzle array. This integration method of nozzle and pumps is anticipated to be a standard integration method. The operating conditions of DC-biased AC electrokinetic pumps in a biological buffer was clarified and found useful for cell manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moeto Nagai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8580, Japan; (K.K.); (S.S.); (T.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-532-44-6701
| | - Keita Kato
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8580, Japan; (K.K.); (S.S.); (T.S.)
| | - Satoshi Soga
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8580, Japan; (K.K.); (S.S.); (T.S.)
| | - Tuhin Subhra Santra
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Tamil Nadu 600036, India;
| | - Takayuki Shibata
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8580, Japan; (K.K.); (S.S.); (T.S.)
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