1
|
Coliaie P, Bhawnani RR, Ali R, Kelkar MS, Korde A, Langston M, Liu C, Nazemifard N, Patience DB, Rosenbaum T, Skliar D, Nere NK, Singh MR. Snap-on Adaptor for Microtiter Plates to Enable Continuous-Flow Microfluidic Screening and Harvesting of Crystalline Materials. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:41502-41511. [PMID: 37969966 PMCID: PMC10633872 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Microtiter plate assay is a conventional and standard tool for high-throughput (HT) screening that allows the synthesis, harvesting, and analysis of crystals. The microtiter plate screening assays require a small amount of solute in each experiment, which is adequate for a solid-state crystal analysis such as X-ray diffraction (XRD) or Raman spectroscopy. Despite the advantages of these high-throughput assays, their batch operational nature results in a continuous decrease in supersaturation due to crystal nucleation and growth. Continuous-flow microfluidic mixer devices have evolved as an alternate technique for efficiently screening crystals under controlled supersaturation. However, such a microfluidic device requires a minimum of two inlets per micromixer to create cyclonic flow, thereby creating physical limitations for implementing such a device for HT screening. Additionally, the monolithic design of these microfluidic devices makes it challenging to harvest crystals for post-screening analysis. Here, we develop a snap-on adapter that can be reversibly attached to a microtiter plate and convert it into a continuous-flow microfluidic mixer device. The integration of the snap-on adapter with a flow distributor and concentration gradient generator provides greater control over screening conditions while minimizing the number of independent inlets and pumps required. The three-dimensional (3D)-printed snap-on adaptor is plugged into a 24-well plate assay to demonstrate salt screening of naproxen crystals. Different naproxen salts are crystallized using four different salt formers (SFs)-sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, pyridine, and arginine-and four different solvents-ethanol, methanol, isopropyl alcohol, and deionized water. The wells are further inspected under an optical microscope to identify their morphological forms and yields. The crystals are then harvested for solid-state characterization using XRD and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, followed by measurement of their dissolution rates. The flexibility of the snap-on adapter to fit on a wide range of microtiter plates and the ease in harvesting and analyzing crystals postscreening are two significant advantages that make this device versatile for various applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paria Coliaie
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois
at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Rajan R. Bhawnani
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois
at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Rabia Ali
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois
at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Manish S. Kelkar
- Center
of Excellence for Isolation & Separation Technologies (CoExIST), Process R&D, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Akshay Korde
- Center
of Excellence for Isolation & Separation Technologies (CoExIST), Process R&D, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Marianne Langston
- Pharmaceutics
Research—Analytical Development, Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Chengxiang Liu
- Pharmaceutical
Development, Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Neda Nazemifard
- Pharmaceutics
Research—Analytical Development, Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Daniel B. Patience
- Chemical
Process Development, Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Tamar Rosenbaum
- Bristol-Myers
Squibb Co., Drug Product Science & Technology, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States
| | - Dimitri Skliar
- Bristol
Myers Squibb Co., Chemical & Synthetic Development, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States
| | - Nandkishor K. Nere
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois
at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
- Center
of Excellence for Isolation & Separation Technologies (CoExIST), Process R&D, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Meenesh R. Singh
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois
at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bisht A, Maheshwari S. Thermo-Bioconvection in Nanoliquid Suspension Saturated with Thermotactic Microorganisms. FORCES IN MECHANICS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.finmec.2022.100128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
3
|
Xiao W, Yu M, Yuan Y, Liu X, Chen Y. Thermotaxis of mammalian sperm. Mol Hum Reprod 2022; 28:6650698. [PMID: 35894944 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaac027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sperm are guided through the female reproductive tract. A temperature difference of about 2 °C exists between the storage site and fertilization site of the mammalian oviduct, leading to the hypothesis that sperm can sense and swim towards the oocyte along a rising temperature gradient, known as thermotaxis. Research over the past two decades has reported that sperm feature a sophisticated thermal detection system to detect and track ambient temperature gradients. More recently, thermotaxis is expected to be added to the microfluidic isolation method based on sperm tactic responses for sperm selection. In this paper, mammalian sperm thermotaxis is discussed, explaining the underlying behavioral mechanisms and molecular basis, according to the latest research. Finally, this paper explores the possible application of sperm thermotaxis in assisted reproductive technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wanglong Xiao
- Institute of Life Science and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330031, P. R. China
| | - Mengdi Yu
- Institute of Life Science and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330031, P. R. China
| | - Yan Yuan
- Institute of Life Science and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330031, P. R. China
| | - Xingzhu Liu
- Queen Mary College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330031, P. R. China
| | - Ying Chen
- Institute of Life Science and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330031, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology and Pathology in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bai Y, Henry J, Campana O, Wlodkowic D. Emerging prospects of integrated bioanalytical systems in neuro-behavioral toxicology. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 756:143922. [PMID: 33302078 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Neurotoxicity effects of industrial contaminants are currently significantly under investigated and require innovative analytical approaches to assess health and environmental risks at individual, population and ecosystem levels. Behavioral changes assessed using small aquatic invertebrates as standard biological indicators of the aggregate toxic effects, have been broadly postulated as highly integrative indicators of neurotoxicity with physiological and ecological relevance. Despite recent increase in understanding of the emerging value of behavioral biotests, their wider implementation especially in high-throughput environmental risk assessment assays, is largely limited by the lack of advances in analytical technologies. To date, most of the behavioral biotests have only been performed with larger-volumes and lacked dynamic flow-through conditions. They also lack features necessary for development of higher throughput neuro-behavioral ecotoxicity assays such as miniaturization and integration of automated components. We postulate that some contemporary analytical limitations can be effectively addressed by innovative Lab-on-a-Chip (LOC) technologies, an emerging and multidisciplinary field poised to bring significant miniaturization to aquatic ecotoxicity testing. Recent developments in this emerging field demonstrate particular opportunities to study a plethora of behavioral responses of small model organisms in a high-throughput fashion. In this review, we highlight recent advances in this budding new interdisciplinary field of research. We also outline the existing challenges, barriers to development and provide a future outlook in the evolving field of neurobehavioral ecotoxicology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yutao Bai
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jason Henry
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Park J, Destgeer G, Afzal M, Sung HJ. Acoustofluidic generation of droplets with tunable chemical concentrations. LAB ON A CHIP 2020; 20:3922-3929. [PMID: 33026382 DOI: 10.1039/d0lc00803f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The dynamic control of the chemical concentration within droplets is required in numerous droplet microfluidic applications. Here, we propose an acoustofluidic method for the generation of a library of aqueous droplets with the desired chemical concentrations in a continuous oil phase. Surface acoustic waves produced by a focused interdigital transducer interact with two parallel laminar streams with different chemical compositions. Coupling the acoustic waves with the flow streams results in the controlled acoustofluidic mixing of the aqueous solutions through the formation of acoustic streaming flow-induced microvortices. The mixed streams are split at a bifurcation, and one of the streams with a precisely controlled chemical concentration is fed into a T-junction to produce droplets with tunable chemical concentrations. The periodic acoustofluidic mixing of the aqueous streams enables the generation of a droplet library with a well-defined inter-droplet concentration gradient. The proposed method is a promising tool for the on-chip dynamic control of in-droplet chemical concentrations and for next-generation droplet microfluidic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinsoo Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea. and School of Mechanical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Ghulam Destgeer
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea.
| | - Muhammad Afzal
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea.
| | - Hyung Jin Sung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|