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Chen R, Li X, Li W, Yang R, Lu Y, You Z, Liu F. Crater-Spectrum Feature Fusion Method for Panax notoginseng Cadmium Detection Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy. Foods 2024; 13:1083. [PMID: 38611387 PMCID: PMC11011736 DOI: 10.3390/foods13071083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Panax notoginseng (P. notoginseng) is a valuable herbal medicine, as well as a dietary food supplement known for its satisfactory clinical efficacy in alleviating blood stasis, reducing swelling, and relieving pain. However, the ability of P. notoginseng to absorb and accumulate cadmium (Cd) poses a significant environmental pollution risk and potential health hazards to humans. In this study, we employed laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) for the rapid detection of Cd. It is important to note that signal uncertainty can impact the quantification performance of LIBS. Hence, we proposed the crater-spectrum feature fusion method, which comprises ablation crater morphology compensation and characteristic peak ratio correction (CPRC), to explore the feasibility of signal uncertainty reduction. The crater morphology compensation method, namely, adding variables using multiple linear regression (MLR) analysis, decreased the root-mean-square error of the prediction set (RMSEP) from 7.0233 μg/g to 5.4043 μg/g. The prediction results were achieved after CPRC pretreatment using the calibration curve model with an RMSEP of 3.4980 μg/g, a limit of detection of 1.92 μg/g, and a limit of quantification of 6.41 μg/g. The crater-spectrum feature fusion method reached the lowest RMSEP of 2.8556 μg/g, based on a least-squares support vector machine (LSSVM) model. The preliminary results suggest the effectiveness of the crater-spectrum feature fusion method for detecting Cd. Furthermore, this method has the potential to be extended to detect other toxic metals in addition to Cd, which significantly contributes to ensuring the quality and safety of agricultural production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongqin Chen
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (R.C.); (X.L.); (R.Y.); (Y.L.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Xiaolong Li
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (R.C.); (X.L.); (R.Y.); (Y.L.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Weijiao Li
- School of Chinese Material Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Rui Yang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (R.C.); (X.L.); (R.Y.); (Y.L.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Yi Lu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (R.C.); (X.L.); (R.Y.); (Y.L.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Zhengkai You
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (R.C.); (X.L.); (R.Y.); (Y.L.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Fei Liu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (R.C.); (X.L.); (R.Y.); (Y.L.); (Z.Y.)
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Yuan X, Zhang J, Chang F, Wang X, Zhang X, Luan H, Qi G, Guo S. Effects of nitrogen reduction combined with bio-organic fertilizer on soil bacterial community diversity of red raspberry orchard. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0283718. [PMID: 37432967 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding soil bacterial diversity under nitrogen reduction is necessary for the crucial role in soil nitrogen cycling. However, the effects of combined fertilization on soil chemical properties, microbial community structure, and yield are unknown. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of nitrogen fertilizer reduction with bio-organic fertilizer on soil bacterial community diversity of red raspberry orchard. Six treatments were set in this study: NF-100%, NF-75%, NF-50%, NF-25% and CF, no nitrogen fertilizer and bio-organic fertilizer for CK. The bacterial community structures of soil were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene amplification high-throughput sequencing technology. Nitrogen fertilizer reduction with bio-organic fertilizer increased soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen (AN), available phosphorus (AP), available potassium (AK), and reduced soil pH. NF-50% and NF-25% treatments increased the yield of red raspberry. Nitrogen reduction combined with bio-organic fertilizer increased the relative abundance of copiotrophic bacteria and decreased the relative abundance of oligotrophic bacteria. The increase in copiotrophic bacteria in the soil of red raspberry orchard could indicate an increase in soil nutrient availability, which have positive implications for soil fertility and production. However, nitrogen fertilizer reduction with bio-organic fertilizer altered the abundance and diversity of soil bacteria, which was reduced compared to CF treatments. The PCoA analysis of the soil bacterial community showed that the community structure of NF-25% treatment was more different from other treatments, indicating that the fertilization method changed the community structure of soil bacteria. The results of a redundancy analysis showed that SOM, pH, AN, TN, and AP were the main factors affecting the microbial community structure. Overall, the reduction of nitrogen fertilizer with bio-organic fertilizer significantly increased the soil nutrient content, reduced the relative abundance and diversity of soil bacteria, increased the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria in the soil, changed the bacterial community structure of soil, increased production and created suitable soil conditions for the red raspberry growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Yuan
- Institute of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei Province, China
| | - Jiaan Zhang
- Institute of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei Province, China
| | - Feiyang Chang
- Institute of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xinyue Wang
- Institute of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- Institute of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei Province, China
| | - Haoan Luan
- Institute of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei Province, China
| | - Guohui Qi
- Institute of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei Province, China
| | - Suping Guo
- Institute of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei Province, China
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Liu D, Lin L, Zhang T, Xu Q, Wang M, Gao M, Bhople P, Pritchard HW, Yang X, Yu F. Wild Panax plants adapt to their thermal environment by harboring abundant beneficial seed endophytic bacteria. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.967692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The seed microbiome of crop wild relatives is a potential reservoir of beneficial traits that potentially improve their host plant resilience to fluctuating environments and pathogenic threats. Herein, we studied the seed microbiome of three species of the medicinal genus Panax (P. vietnamensis, P. japonicas, and P. stipuleanatus) collected from seven locations in Southwest China. We used qPCR and metabarcoding high-throughput sequencing to target both endophytic bacteria and fungi. Seed bacterial absolute abundance (1.1 × 109∼1.0 × 107 gene copy numbers per gram seed) was substantially higher than that of fungi (7.6 × 105∼3.7 × 102). Host plant genotype was the main driver of seed microbiome composition for both bacteria and fungi. Panax growing hypothermal environments significantly shaped their seed endophytic bacterial but not fungal microbiota. The three Panax species’ seeds harbored unique microbes [averaged ∼150 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs)], sharing only 12 bacterial ASVs (half affiliated to Halomonas) and four fungal ASVs. Network analysis showed that the Panax seed endophytic bacteria tend to form inter-weaved functional modules that are majorly connected by core members from the genus Halomonas, Pseudomonas, and Pantoea. These genera have been associated with nutrient cycling, plant, disease suppression, and tolerance to environmental fluctuation. Together, these novel insights may shade light on the ecological strategies of wild Panax plants adaptation to their thermal environment by possessing abundant beneficial seed endophytic bacteria.
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