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Hamion G, Aucher W, Mercier A, Tewes F, Menard M, Bertaux J, Girardot M, Imbert C. Insights into betulinic acid as a promising molecule to fight the interkingdom biofilm Staphylococcus aureus-Candida albicans. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2024; 63:107166. [PMID: 38570017 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2024.107166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The demand for antibiofilm molecules has increased over several years due to their potential to fight biofilm-associated infections, such as those including the interkingdom Staphylococcus aureus-Candida albicans occurring in clinical settings worldwide. Recently, we identified a pentacyclic triterpenoid compound, betulinic acid, from invasive macrophytes, with interesting antibiofilm properties. The aim of the present study was to provide insights into the mechanism of action of betulinic acid against the clinically relevant bi-species S. aureus-C. albicans biofilms. Microscopy examinations, flow cytometry and crystal violet assays confirmed that betulinic acid was effective at damaging mature S. aureus-C. albicans biofilms or inhibiting their formation, reducing biofilm biomass by 70% on average and without microbicidal activity. The results suggested an action of betulinic acid on cell membranes, inducing changes in properties such as composition, hydrophobicity and fluidity as observed in C. albicans, which may hinder the early adhesion step, biofilm growth and the physical interactions of both microbial species. Further results of real-time polymerase chain reaction argued in favour of a reduction in S. aureus-C. albicans physical interaction due to betulinic acid by the modulation of biofilm-related gene expression, as observed in early stages of biofilm formation. This study revealed the potential of betulinic acid as a candidate agent for the prevention and treatment of S. aureus-C. albicans biofilm-related infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Hamion
- Ecology and Biology of Interactions, University of Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267, Poitiers, France.
| | - Willy Aucher
- Ecology and Biology of Interactions, University of Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267, Poitiers, France
| | - Anne Mercier
- Ecology and Biology of Interactions, University of Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267, Poitiers, France
| | - Frederic Tewes
- Pharmacology of Antimicrobial Agents and Antibioresistance, University of Poitiers, INSERM U1070, Poitiers, France
| | - Maëlenn Menard
- Ecology and Biology of Interactions, University of Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267, Poitiers, France
| | - Joanne Bertaux
- Ecology and Biology of Interactions, University of Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267, Poitiers, France
| | - Marion Girardot
- Ecology and Biology of Interactions, University of Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267, Poitiers, France
| | - Christine Imbert
- Ecology and Biology of Interactions, University of Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267, Poitiers, France
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Liu X, Wang Z, You Z, Wang W, Wang Y, Wu W, Peng Y, Zhang S, Yun Y, Zhang J. Transcriptomic analysis of cell envelope inhibition by prodigiosin in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1333526. [PMID: 38318338 PMCID: PMC10839101 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1333526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a leading threat to public health as it is resistant to most currently available antibiotics. Prodigiosin is a secondary metabolite of microorganisms with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. This study identified a significant antibacterial effect of prodigiosin against MRSA with a minimum inhibitory concentration as low as 2.5 mg/L. The results of scanning electron microscopy, crystal violet staining, and confocal laser scanning microscopy indicated that prodigiosin inhibited biofilm formation in S. aureus USA300, while also destroying the structure of the cell wall and cell membrane, which was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. At a prodigiosin concentration of 1.25 mg/L, biofilm formation was inhibited by 76.24%, while 2.5 mg/L prodigiosin significantly reduced the vitality of MRSA cells in the biofilm. Furthermore, the transcriptomic results obtained at 1/8 MIC of prodigiosin indicated that 235and 387 genes of S. aureus USA300 were significantly up- and downregulated, respectively. The downregulated genes were related to two-component systems, including the transcriptional regulator LytS, quorum sensing histidine kinases SrrB, NreA and NreB, peptidoglycan biosynthesis enzymes (MurQ and GlmU), iron-sulfur cluster repair protein ScdA, microbial surface components recognizing adaptive matrix molecules, as well as the key arginine synthesis enzymes ArcC and ArgF. The upregulated genes were mainly related to cell wall biosynthesis, as well as two-component systems including vancomycin resistance-associated regulator, lipoteichoic acid biosynthesis related proteins DltD and DltB, as well as the 9 capsular polysaccharide biosynthesis proteins. This study elucidated the molecular mechanisms through which prodigiosin affects the cell envelope of MRSA from the perspectives of cell wall synthesis, cell membrane and biofilm formation, providing new potential targets for the development of antimicrobials for the treatment of MRSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Liu
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Zonglin Wang
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Zhongyu You
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Clinical Laboratory of First Hospital of Jiaxing, Jiaxing, China
| | - Yujie Wang
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Wenjing Wu
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Yongjia Peng
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Suping Zhang
- College of Advanced Materials Engineering, Jiaxing Nanhu University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Yinan Yun
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
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Yuan L, Dai H, He G, Yang Z, Jiao X. Invited review: Current perspectives for analyzing the dairy biofilms by integrated multiomics. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:8181-8192. [PMID: 37641326 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-23306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Biofilms formed by pathogenic or spoilage microorganisms have become serious issues in the dairy industry, as this mode of life renders such microorganisms highly resistant to cleaning-in-place (CIP) procedures, disinfectants, desiccation, and other control strategies. The advent of omics techniques, especially the integration of different omics tools, has greatly improved our understanding of the features of microbial biofilms, and provided in-depth knowledge on developing effective methods that are directly against deleterious biofilms. This review provides novel insights into the single use of each omics tool and the application of multiomics tools to unravel the mechanisms of biofilm formation, specific molecular phenotypes exhibited by biofilms, and biofilm control strategies. Challenges and future perspective on the integration of omics tools for biofilm studies are also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yuan
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225127 China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009 China; Key Laboratory of Dairy Science (Northeast Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Hongchao Dai
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225127 China
| | - Guoqing He
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058 China
| | - Zhenquan Yang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225127 China.
| | - Xinan Jiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009 China.
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