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Jan H, Ghayas S, Higazy D, Ahmad NM, Yaghmur A, Ciofu O. Antibacterial and anti-biofilm activities of antibiotic-free phosphatidylglycerol/docosahexaenoic acid lamellar and non-lamellar liquid crystalline nanoparticles. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 669:537-551. [PMID: 38729002 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.04.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Infectious diseases, particularly those associated with biofilms, are challenging to treat due to an increased tolerance to commonly used antibiotics. This underscores the urgent need for innovative antimicrobial strategies. Here, we present an alternative simple-by-design approach focusing on the development of biocompatible and antibiotic-free nanocarriers from docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) that has the potential to combat microbial infections and phosphatidylglycerol (DOPG), which is attractive for use as a biocompatible prominent amphiphilic component of Gram-positive bacterial cell membranes. We assessed the anti-bacterial and anti-biofilm activities of these nanoformulations (hexosomes and vesicles) against S. aureus and S. epidermidis, which are the most common causes of infections on catheters and medical devices by different methods (including resazurin assay, time-kill assay, and confocal laser scanning microscopy on an in vitro catheter biofilm model). In a DHA-concentration-dependent manner, these nano-self-assemblies demonstrated strong anti-bacterial and anti-biofilm activities, particularly against S. aureus. A five-fold reduction of the planktonic and a four-fold reduction of biofilm populations of S. aureus were observed after treatment with hexosomes. The nanoparticles had a bacteriostatic effect against S. epidermidis planktonic cells but no anti-biofilm activity was detected. We discuss the findings in terms of nanoparticle-bacterial cell interactions, plausible alterations in the phospholipid membrane composition, and potential penetration of DHA into these membranes, leading to changes in their structural and biophysical properties. The implications for the future development of biocompatible nanocarriers for the delivery of DHA alone or in combination with other anti-bacterial agents are discussed, as novel treatment strategies of Gram-positive infections, including biofilm-associated infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habibullah Jan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Sana Ghayas
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Doaa Higazy
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Costerton Biofilm Center, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Nasir Mahmood Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Anan Yaghmur
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
| | - Oana Ciofu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Costerton Biofilm Center, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark.
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Fang Y, Wang Q, Yao Y, Mao J, Liu G, Li J. Amphiphilic AIE Fluorescent Probe: A Dual-Functionality Strategy for Efficient Antibacterial Therapy Fluorescence Bioimaging against Staphylococcus aureus. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:3758-3765. [PMID: 38768375 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Drug-resistant bacteria present a grave threat to human health. Fluorescence imaging-guided photodynamic antibacterial therapy holds enormous potential as an innovative treatment in antibacterial therapy. However, the development of a fluorescent material with good water solubility, large Stokes shift, bacterial identification, and high photodynamic antibacterial efficiency remains challenging. In this study, we successfully synthesized an amphiphilic aggregation-induced emission (AIE) fluorescent probe referred to as NPTPA-QM. This probe possesses the ability to perform live-bacteria fluorescence imaging while also exhibiting antibacterial activity, specifically against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). We demonstrate that NPTPA-QM can eliminate S. aureus at a very low concentration (2 μmol L-1). Moreover, it can effectively promote skin wound healing. Meanwhile, this NPTPA-QM exhibits an excellent imaging ability by simple mixing with S. aureus. In summary, this research presents a straightforward and highly effective method for creating "amphiphilic" AIE fluorescent probes with antibacterial properties. Additionally, it offers a rapid approach for imaging bacteria utilizing red emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Fang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Yue Yao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Jie Mao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Guijin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Junjian Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
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Thakkar N, Gajera G, Mehta D, Kothari V. Silversol ® (a Colloidal Nanosilver Formulation) Inhibits Growth of Antibiotic-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus by Disrupting Its Physiology in Multiple Ways. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:726. [PMID: 38931848 PMCID: PMC11206351 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16060726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus are being viewed as a serious threat by various public health agencies. Identifying novel targets in this important pathogen is crucial to the development of new effective antibacterial formulations. We investigated the antibacterial effect of a colloidal nanosilver formulation, Silversol®, against an antibiotic-resistant strain of S. aureus using appropriate in vitro assays. Moreover, we deciphered the molecular mechanisms underlying this formulation's anti-S. aureus activity using whole transcriptome analysis. Lower concentrations of the test formulation exerted a bacteriostatic effect against this pathogen, and higher concentrations exerted a bactericidal effect. Silversol® at sub-lethal concentration was found to disturb multiple physiological traits of S. aureus such as growth, antibiotic susceptibility, membrane permeability, efflux, protein synthesis and export, biofilm and exopolysaccharide production, etc. Transcriptome data revealed that the genes coding for transcriptional regulators, efflux machinery, transferases, β-lactam resistance, oxidoreductases, metal homeostasis, virulence factors, and arginine biosynthesis are expressed differently under the influence of the test formulation. Genes (argG and argH) involved in arginine biosynthesis emerged among the major targets of Silversol®'s antibacterial activity against S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Thakkar
- Institute of Science, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382481, India; (N.T.); (G.G.)
| | - Gemini Gajera
- Institute of Science, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382481, India; (N.T.); (G.G.)
| | - Dilip Mehta
- Viridis BioPharma Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai 400043, India;
| | - Vijay Kothari
- Institute of Science, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382481, India; (N.T.); (G.G.)
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4
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Vadakkan K, Sathishkumar K, Kuttiyachan Urumbil S, Ponnenkunnathu Govindankutty S, Kumar Ngangbam A, Devi Nongmaithem B. A review of chemical signaling mechanisms underlying quorum sensing and its inhibition in Staphylococcus aureus. Bioorg Chem 2024; 148:107465. [PMID: 38761705 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a significant bacterium responsible for multiple infections and is a primary cause of fatalities among patients in hospital environments. The advent of pathogenic bacteria such as methicillin-resistant S. aureus revealed the shortcomings of employing antibiotics to treat bacterial infectious diseases. Quorum sensing enhances S. aureus's survivability through signaling processes. Targeting the key components of quorum sensing has drawn much interest nowadays as a promising strategy for combating infections caused by bacteria. Concentrating on the accessory gene regulator quorum-sensing mechanism is the most commonly suggested anti-virulence approach for S.aureus. Quorum quenching is a common strategy for controlling illnesses triggered by microorganisms since it reduces the pathogenicity of bacteria and improves bacterial biofilm susceptibility to antibiotics, thus providing an intriguing prospect for drug discovery. Quorum sensing inhibition reduces selective stresses and constrains the emergence of antibiotic resistance while limiting bacterial pathogenicity. This review examines the quorum sensing mechanisms involved in S. aureus, quorum sensing targets and gene regulation, environmental factors affecting quorum sensing, quorum sensing inhibition, natural products as quorum sensing inhibitory agents and novel therapeutical strategies to target quorum sensing in S. aureus as drug developing technique to augment conventional antibiotic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayeen Vadakkan
- Department of Biotechnology, St. Mary's College (Autonomous), Thrissur, Kerala 680020, India; Manipur International University, Imphal, Manipur 795140, India.
| | - Kuppusamy Sathishkumar
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Thandalam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 602105, India
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Li Y, Dai J, Ma Y, Yao Y, Yu D, Shen J, Wu L. The mitigation potential of synergistic quorum quenching and antibacterial properties for biofilm proliferation and membrane biofouling. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 255:121462. [PMID: 38493743 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Biofouling has been a persistent problem hindering the application of membranes in water treatment, and quorum quenching has been identified as an effective method for mitigating biofouling, but surface accumulation of live bacteria still induces biofilm secretion, which poses a significant challenge for sustained prevention of membrane biofouling. In this study, we utilized quercetin, a typical flavonoid with the dual functions of quorum quenching and bacterial inactivation, to evaluate its role in preventing biofilm proliferation and against biofouling. Quercetin exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), and the decreased bioactivity was positively correlated with the quercetin concentration, with inhibition rates of 53.1 % and 57.4 %, respectively, at the experimental concentrations. The RT-qPCR results demonstrated that quercetin inhibited AI-2 of E. coli and AGR of S. aureus mediated quorum sensing system, and reduced the expression of genes such as adhesion, virulence, biofilm secretion, and key regulatory proteases. As a result, the bacterial growth cycle was retarded and the biomass and biofilm maturation cycles were alleviated with the synergistic effect of quorum quenching and antibacterial activity. In addition, membrane biofouling was significantly declined in the dynamic operation experiments, dead cells in the biofilm overwhelmingly dominated, and the final normalized water fluxes were increased by more than 49.9 % and 34.5 % for E. coli and S. aureus, respectively. This work demonstrates the potential for mitigating biofouling using protocols that quorum quenching and inactivate bacteria, also provides a unique and long-lasting strategy to alleviate membrane fouling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China.
| | - Jixiang Dai
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Yanjing Ma
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Yuyang Yao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Dayang Yu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Jiangnan Shen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Lijun Wu
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China.
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Ghoreyshizadeh E, Manouchehrifar M, Ramazanzadeh R, Peeri Doghaheh H, Amani M, Arzanlou M. Occurrence and Characteristics of Toxigenic Staphylococcus aureus in Retail Foods in Iran. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2024; 21:331-338. [PMID: 38346315 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2023.0122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus causes various toxigenic and invasive diseases in humans worldwide. This study examined the prevalence, virulence genes, and antibiotic resistance of S. aureus isolates collected from 894 retail food samples in Ardabil, Iran. Staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec), spa, and multilocus sequence typing methods were employed to further investigate the molecular characteristics of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates. The results revealed that 11.18% (n = 100) of food samples exhibited contamination with S. aureus (10.50% methicillin-sensitive S. aureus [MSSA] and 0.67% MRSA). Notably, raw minced meat (29.41%), Faloodeh (25%), and Olivier salad (21.42%) emerged as the most frequently contaminated food items. Among the 100 isolates of S. aureus, 94% were characterized as MSSA, with the remaining 6% identified as MRSA. The highest resistance was observed for penicillin (12%). MRSA isolates exhibited significantly higher resistance rates. Seventy-nine percent of the isolates were positive for sea, 14% for seb, 8% for a sec, and 0% for sed enterotoxin-encoding genes. Sixteen percent of isolates harbored two or more staphylococcal enterotoxin genes, simultaneously. Moreover, 97%, 94%, 24%, and 22% of isolates were positive for hla, hld, tst, and pvl virulence-encoding genes, respectively. No isolate was positive for the exfoliative toxins encoding eta and etb genes. MRSA isolates belonged to CC8 (n = 4) and CC22 (n = 2). Isolates in CC8 belonged to lineage ST239-MRSA-III and spa type t030; the isolates in CC22 belonged to ST22-MRSA-IV and spa types t310 and t223. In conclusion, a relatively high proportion of our retail food samples were contaminated with S. aureus. The high incidence of isolates with toxigenic genes raises serious health concerns. Furthermore, the presence of MRSA lineages linked to humans suggests that retail foods may be contaminated with human origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erfan Ghoreyshizadeh
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
- Zoonoses Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Meysam Manouchehrifar
- Food Control Laboratory, Deputy of Food and Drug, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Rashid Ramazanzadeh
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Hadi Peeri Doghaheh
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Amani
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Mohsen Arzanlou
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
- Zoonoses Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
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7
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Guo H, Lei T, Yang J, Wang Y, Wang Y, Ji Y. New Insights into the Biological Functions of Essential TsaB/YeaZ Protein in Staphylococcus aureus. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:393. [PMID: 38786122 PMCID: PMC11117223 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13050393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
TsaB/YeaZ represents a promising target for novel antibacterial agents due to its indispensable role in bacterial survival, high conservation within bacterial species, and absence of eukaryotic homologs. Previous studies have elucidated the role of the essential staphylococcal protein, TsaB/YeaZ, in binding DNA to mediate the transcription of the ilv-leu operon, responsible for encoding key enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids-namely isoleucine, leucine, and valine (ILV). However, the regulation of ILV biosynthesis does not account for the essentiality of TsaB/YeaZ for bacterial growth. In this study, we investigated the impact of TsaB/YeaZ depletion on bacterial morphology and gene expression profiles using electron microscopy and deep transcriptomic analysis, respectively. Our results revealed significant alterations in bacterial size and surface smoothness upon TsaB/YeaZ depletion. Furthermore, we pinpointed specific genes and enriched biological pathways significantly affected by TsaB/YeaZ during the early and middle exponential phases and early stationary phases of growth. Crucially, our research uncovered a regulatory role for TsaB/YeaZ in bacterial autolysis. These discoveries offer fresh insights into the multifaceted biological functions of TsaB/YeaZ within S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyong Guo
- School of Life Science, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China; (H.G.)
| | - Ting Lei
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA; (T.L.)
| | - Junshu Yang
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA; (T.L.)
| | - Yue Wang
- School of Life Science, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China; (H.G.)
| | - Yifan Wang
- School of Life Science, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China; (H.G.)
| | - Yinduo Ji
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA; (T.L.)
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Shen J, Tong A, Zhong X, Yin C, Ahmad B, Wu Z, Yang Y, Tong C. Near-infrared laser-assisted Ag@Chi-PB nanocompounds for synergistically eradicating multidrug-resistant bacteria and promoting diabetic abscess healing. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116311. [PMID: 38412718 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic wound infections, particularly multidrug-resistant microbe-caused infections, have imposed severe challenges in clinical administration. The therapeutic effectiveness of the current strategy using conventional antibiotics is extremely unsatisfactory. The development of novel treatment strategies to inhibit the infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria is highly desired. In this work, based on the combination of nanocompounds with the assistance of NIR laser, an antibacterial strategy was designed for MRSA-infected abscesses in diabetic mice. The nanocompounds named Ag@Chi-PB were prepared by using chitosan-coated Prussian blue (PB) as a nanocarrier for silver nanoparticles anchoring. Combined with near-infrared (NIR) laser, the nanocompounds were more efficient at killing Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Methicillin-resistant staphyllococcus aureus (MRSA) in vitro. Notably, MRSA was significantly removed in vivo and promoted diabetic abscess healing by the combined therapy of this nanocompound and NIR laser, owing to the synergistic antibacterial effect of photothermal therapy and release of Ag+. Meanwhile, the nanocompound showed satisfactory biocompatibility and superior biosafety. Collectively, the combination therapy of this nanocompound with the assistance of NIR laser may represent a promising strategy for clinical anti-infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Shen
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Engineering Research Center of Reproduction and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province Changsha 410013, PR China
| | - Aidi Tong
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Engineering Research Center of Reproduction and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province Changsha 410013, PR China
| | - Xianghua Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Engineering Research Center of Reproduction and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province Changsha 410013, PR China; College of Biology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 10561, PR China
| | - Caiyun Yin
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Bilal Ahmad
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Zhou Wu
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Yuejun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Engineering Research Center of Reproduction and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province Changsha 410013, PR China.
| | - Chunyi Tong
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China.
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Soni J, Sinha S, Pandey R. Understanding bacterial pathogenicity: a closer look at the journey of harmful microbes. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1370818. [PMID: 38444801 PMCID: PMC10912505 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1370818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacteria are the most prevalent form of microorganisms and are classified into two categories based on their mode of existence: intracellular and extracellular. While most bacteria are beneficial to human health, others are pathogenic and can cause mild to severe infections. These bacteria use various mechanisms to evade host immunity and cause diseases in humans. The susceptibility of a host to bacterial infection depends on the effectiveness of the immune system, overall health, and genetic factors. Malnutrition, chronic illnesses, and age-related vulnerabilities are the additional confounders to disease severity phenotypes. The impact of bacterial pathogens on public health includes the transmission of these pathogens from healthcare facilities, which contributes to increased morbidity and mortality. To identify the most significant threats to public health, it is crucial to understand the global burden of common bacterial pathogens and their pathogenicity. This knowledge is required to improve immunization rates, improve the effectiveness of vaccines, and consider the impact of antimicrobial resistance when assessing the situation. Many bacteria have developed antimicrobial resistance, which has significant implications for infectious diseases and favors the survival of resilient microorganisms. This review emphasizes the significance of understanding the bacterial pathogens that cause this health threat on a global scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Soni
- Division of Immunology and Infectious Disease Biology, Integrative Genomics of Host Pathogen Laboratory, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Sristi Sinha
- Division of Immunology and Infectious Disease Biology, Integrative Genomics of Host Pathogen Laboratory, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology University, Vellore, India
| | - Rajesh Pandey
- Division of Immunology and Infectious Disease Biology, Integrative Genomics of Host Pathogen Laboratory, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
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Kim SK, Lee JB, Lee HT, Yoon JW. Combined antimicrobial effect of two peptide nucleic acids against Staphylococcus aureus and S. pseudintermedius veterinary isolates. J Vet Sci 2024; 25:e12. [PMID: 38311325 PMCID: PMC10839180 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.23265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Staphylococcus aureus and S. pseudintermedius are the major etiological agents of staphylococcal infections in humans, livestock, and companion animals. The misuse of antimicrobial drugs has led to the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant Staphylococcus spp., including methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-resistant S. pseudintermedius (MRSP). One novel therapeutic approach against MRSA and MRSP is a peptide nucleic acid (PNA) that can bind to the target nucleotide strands and block expression. Previously, two PNAs conjugated with cell-penetrating peptides (P-PNAs), antisense PNA (ASP)-cmk and ASP-deoD, targeting two essential genes in S. aureus, were constructed, and their antibacterial activities were analyzed. OBJECTIVES This study analyzed the combined antibacterial effects of P-PNAs on S. aureus and S. pseudintermedius clinical isolates. METHODS S. aureus ATCC 29740 cells were treated simultaneously with serially diluted ASP-cmk and ASP-deoD, and the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were measured. The combined P-PNA mixture was then treated with S. aureus and S. pseudintermedius veterinary isolates at the determined MIC, and the antibacterial effect was examined. RESULTS The combined treatment of two P-PNAs showed higher antibacterial activity than the individual treatments. The MICs of two individual P-PNAs were 20 and 25 μM, whereas that of the combined treatment was 10 μM. The application of a combined treatment to clinical Staphylococcus spp. revealed S. aureus isolates to be resistant to P-PNAs and S. pseudintermedius isolates to be susceptible. CONCLUSIONS These observations highlight the complexity of designing ASPs with high efficacy for potential applications in treating staphylococcal infections in humans and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Kye Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Jun Bong Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | | | - Jang Won Yoon
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea.
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Zhang W, Qian L, He B, Gong X, Zhang G. Mechanism Insights of Antibacterial Surfaces Coated with Dead Probiotics. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:17632-17643. [PMID: 38033279 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
To understand the antimicrobial effect of surfaces fabricated with dead probiotics, we prepared surfaces decorated with dead probiotics Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) with varied inactivation methods and explored their inhibitory interactions with Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PAO1). By combining several techniques, i.e., digital holographic microscopy (DHM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), RNA sequencing, and metabolomic analysis, we studied the three-dimensional (3D) swimming behaviors, surface adhesion, biofilm formation, and adaptive responses of PAO1 near such surfaces. The results show that planktonic PAO1 decreases their flick and reverse motions by downregulating the chemotaxis pathway and accelerates with less accumulation near dead LGG surfaces by upregulating the flagellar assembly pathway and decreasing cyclic adenosine monophosphate. Distinct from live siblings, the surfaces decorated with dead LGG show a significant reduction in adhesion strength with PAO1 and inhibit biofilm formation with more downregulated genes in the Pseudomonas quinolone signal and biofilm formation pathway. We demonstrate that the antibacterial ability of such surfaces stems from the gradually released lysate from the dead LGG that is unfavorable to PAO1 in close proximity. The releasing rate and order depend on the cell membrane integrity, which closely relates to the inactivation methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixiong Zhang
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Lu Qian
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Bingen He
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Xiangjun Gong
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Guangzhao Zhang
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
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Cimini A, Borgioni A, Passarini E, Mancini C, Proietti A, Buccini L, Stornelli E, Schifano E, Dinarelli S, Mura F, Sergi C, Bavasso I, Cortese B, Passeri D, Imperi E, Rinaldi T, Picano A, Rossi M. Upscaling of Electrospinning Technology and the Application of Functionalized PVDF-HFP@TiO 2 Electrospun Nanofibers for the Rapid Photocatalytic Deactivation of Bacteria on Advanced Face Masks. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4586. [PMID: 38231986 PMCID: PMC10708761 DOI: 10.3390/polym15234586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, Electrospinning (ES) has been revealed to be a straightforward and innovative approach to manufacture functionalized nanofiber-based membranes with high filtering performance against fine Particulate Matter (PM) and proper bioactive properties. These qualities are useful for tackling current issues from bacterial contamination on Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) surfaces to the reusability of both disposable single-use face masks and respirator filters. Despite the fact that the conventional ES process can be upscaled to promote a high-rate nanofiber production, the number of research works on the design of hybrid materials embedded in electrospun membranes for face mask application is still low and has mainly been carried out at the laboratory scale. In this work, a multi-needle ES was employed in a continuous processing for the manufacturing of both pristine Poly (Vinylidene Fluoride-co-Hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) nanofibers and functionalized membrane ones embedded with TiO2 Nanoparticles (NPs) (PVDF-HFP@TiO2). The nanofibers were collected on Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) nonwoven spunbond fabric and characterized by using Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX), Raman spectroscopy, and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) analysis. The photocatalytic study performed on the electrospun membranes proved that the PVDF-HFP@TiO2 nanofibers provide a significant antibacterial activity for both Staphylococcus aureus (~94%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (~85%), after only 5 min of exposure to a UV-A light source. In addition, the PVDF-HFP@TiO2 nanofibers exhibit high filtration efficiency against submicron particles (~99%) and a low pressure drop (~3 mbar), in accordance with the standard required for Filtering Face Piece masks (FFPs). Therefore, these results aim to provide a real perspective on producing electrospun polymer-based nanotextiles with self-sterilizing properties for the implementation of advanced face masks on a large scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Cimini
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences for Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, Via A. Scarpa 16, 00161 Rome, Italy (A.P.); (L.B.); (E.S.); (D.P.)
- Industrial Research Laboratory, LABOR s.r.l., Via Giacomo Peroni 386, 00131 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia Borgioni
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.B.); (E.P.)
| | - Elena Passarini
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.B.); (E.P.)
| | - Chiara Mancini
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences for Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, Via A. Scarpa 16, 00161 Rome, Italy (A.P.); (L.B.); (E.S.); (D.P.)
| | - Anacleto Proietti
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences for Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, Via A. Scarpa 16, 00161 Rome, Italy (A.P.); (L.B.); (E.S.); (D.P.)
| | - Luca Buccini
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences for Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, Via A. Scarpa 16, 00161 Rome, Italy (A.P.); (L.B.); (E.S.); (D.P.)
| | - Eleonora Stornelli
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences for Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, Via A. Scarpa 16, 00161 Rome, Italy (A.P.); (L.B.); (E.S.); (D.P.)
| | - Emily Schifano
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.B.); (E.P.)
| | - Simone Dinarelli
- Institute for the Structure of Matter (ISM), National Research Council (CNR), Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Francesco Mura
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences for Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, Via A. Scarpa 16, 00161 Rome, Italy (A.P.); (L.B.); (E.S.); (D.P.)
- Research Center for Nanotechnology for Engineering of Sapienza (CNIS), Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Sergi
- Department of Chemical Engineering Materials Environment, Sapienza University of Rome & UdR INSTM, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Irene Bavasso
- Department of Chemical Engineering Materials Environment, Sapienza University of Rome & UdR INSTM, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Cortese
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Nanotechnology (CNR Nanotec), c/o Edificio Fermi, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Daniele Passeri
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences for Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, Via A. Scarpa 16, 00161 Rome, Italy (A.P.); (L.B.); (E.S.); (D.P.)
- Research Center for Nanotechnology for Engineering of Sapienza (CNIS), Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Imperi
- Industrial Research Laboratory, LABOR s.r.l., Via Giacomo Peroni 386, 00131 Rome, Italy
| | - Teresa Rinaldi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.B.); (E.P.)
| | - Alfredo Picano
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (CNR-IMM), Via Piero Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Rossi
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences for Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, Via A. Scarpa 16, 00161 Rome, Italy (A.P.); (L.B.); (E.S.); (D.P.)
- Research Center for Nanotechnology for Engineering of Sapienza (CNIS), Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
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13
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Sun MC, Li DD, Chen YX, Fan XJ, Gao Y, Ye H, Zhang T, Zhao C. Insights into the Mechanisms of Reuterin against Staphylococcus aureus Based on Membrane Damage and Untargeted Metabolomics. Foods 2023; 12:4208. [PMID: 38231661 DOI: 10.3390/foods12234208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Reuterin is a dynamic small-molecule complex produced through glycerol fermentation by Limosilactobacillus reuteri and has potential as a food biopreservative. Despite its broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, the underlying mechanism of action of reuterin is still elusive. The present paper aimed to explore the antibacterial mechanism of reuterin and its effects on membrane damage and the intracellular metabolome of S. aureus. Our results showed that reuterin has a minimum inhibitory concentration of 18.25 mM against S. aureus, based on the 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde level. Key indicators such as extracellular electrical conductivity, membrane potential and permeability were significantly increased, while intracellular pH, ATP and DNA were markedly decreased, implying that reuterin causes a disruption to the structure of the cell membrane. The morphological damage to the cells was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. Subsequent metabolomic analysis identified significant alterations in metabolites primarily involved in lipid, amino acid, carbohydrate metabolism and phosphotransferase system, which is crucial for cell membrane regulation and energy supply. Consequently, these findings indicated that the antibacterial mechanism of reuterin initially targets lipid and amino acid metabolism, leading to cell membrane damage, which subsequently results in energy metabolism disorder and, ultimately, cell death. This paper offers innovative perspectives on the antibacterial mechanism of reuterin, contributing to its potential application as a food preservative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao-Cheng Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Changchun University, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Dian-Dian Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Changchun University, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Yu-Xin Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Changchun University, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Xiu-Juan Fan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Changchun University, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Yu Gao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Changchun University, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Haiqing Ye
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Tiehua Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Changhui Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
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Boutet-Dubois A, Magnan C, Lienard A, Pouget C, Bouchet F, Marchandin H, Larcher R, Lavigne JP, Pantel A. In Vivo-Acquired Resistance to Daptomycin during Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1647. [PMID: 38136681 PMCID: PMC10740961 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12121647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Daptomycin (DAP) represents an interesting alternative to treat methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections. Different mechanisms of DAP resistance have been described; however, in vivo-acquired resistance is uncharacterized. This study described the phenotypic and genotypic evolution of MRSA strains that became resistant to DAP in two unrelated patients with bacteremia under DAP treatment, in two hospitals in the South of France. DAP MICs were determined using broth microdilution method on the pairs of isogenic (DAP-S/DAP-R) S. aureus isolated from bloodstream cultures. Whole genome sequencing was carried out using Illumina MiSeq Sequencing system. The two cases revealed DAP-R acquisition by MRSA strains within three weeks in patients treated by DAP. The isolates belonged to the widespread ST5 (patient A) and ST8 (patient B) lineages and were of spa-type t777 and t622, respectively. SNP analysis comparing each DAP-S/DAP-R pair confirmed that the isolates were isogenic. The causative mutations were identified in MprF (Multiple peptide resistance Factor) protein: L826F (Patient A) and S295L (Patient B), and in Cls protein: R228H (Patient B). These proteins encoded both proteins of the lipid biosynthetic enzymes. The resistance to DAP is particularly poorly described whereas DAP is highly prescribed to treat MRSA. Our study highlights the non-systematic cross-resistance between DAP and glycopeptides and the importance of monitoring DAP MIC in persistent MRSA bacteremia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeline Boutet-Dubois
- VBIC, INSERM U1047, Department of Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, University of Montpellier, CHU Nîmes, 30029 Nîmes, France; (A.B.-D.); (C.M.); (C.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Chloé Magnan
- VBIC, INSERM U1047, Department of Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, University of Montpellier, CHU Nîmes, 30029 Nîmes, France; (A.B.-D.); (C.M.); (C.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Alexi Lienard
- Laboratory of Medical Biology, CH Bassin de Thau, 34207 Sète, France;
| | - Cassandra Pouget
- VBIC, INSERM U1047, Department of Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, University of Montpellier, CHU Nîmes, 30029 Nîmes, France; (A.B.-D.); (C.M.); (C.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Flavien Bouchet
- Department of Internal Medicine-Infectiology, CH Bassin de Thau, 34207 Sète, France;
| | - Hélène Marchandin
- HydroSciences Montpellier, Department of Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, CHU Nîmes, 30029 Nîmes, France;
| | - Romaric Larcher
- Department of Infectious Diseases, CHU Nîmes, 30029 Nîmes, France;
| | - Jean-Philippe Lavigne
- VBIC, INSERM U1047, Department of Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, University of Montpellier, CHU Nîmes, 30029 Nîmes, France; (A.B.-D.); (C.M.); (C.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Alix Pantel
- VBIC, INSERM U1047, Department of Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, University of Montpellier, CHU Nîmes, 30029 Nîmes, France; (A.B.-D.); (C.M.); (C.P.); (A.P.)
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15
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Rothpan M, Chandra Teja Dadi N, McKay G, Tanzer M, Nguyen D, Hart A, Tabrizian M. Titanium-Dioxide-Nanoparticle-Embedded Polyelectrolyte Multilayer as an Osteoconductive and Antimicrobial Surface Coating. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:7026. [PMID: 37959623 PMCID: PMC10649639 DOI: 10.3390/ma16217026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive surface coatings have retained the attention of researchers and physicians due to their versatility and range of applications in orthopedics, particularly in infection prevention. Antibacterial metal nanoparticles (mNPs) are a promising therapeutic, with vast application opportunities on orthopedic implants. The current research aimed to construct a polyelectrolyte multilayer on a highly porous titanium implant using alternating thin film coatings of chitosan and alginate via the layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technique, along with the incorporation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) or titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs), for antibacterial and osteoconductive activity. These mNPs were characterized for their physicochemical properties using quartz crystal microgravimetry with a dissipation system, nanoparticle tracking analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. Their cytotoxicity and osteogenic differentiation capabilities were assessed using AlamarBlue and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assays, respectively. The antibiofilm efficacy of the mNPs was tested against Staphylococcus aureus. The LbL polyelectrolyte coating was successfully applied to the porous titanium substrate. A dose-dependent relationship between nanoparticle concentration and ALP as well as antibacterial effects was observed. TiO2NP samples were also less cytotoxic than their AgNP counterparts, although similarly antimicrobial. Together, these data serve as a proof-of-concept for a novel coating approach for orthopedic implants with antimicrobial and osteoconductive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Rothpan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B6, Canada;
| | - Nitin Chandra Teja Dadi
- Jo Miller Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1A4, Canada; (N.C.T.D.); (M.T.)
| | - Geoffrey McKay
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; (G.M.); (D.N.)
| | - Michael Tanzer
- Jo Miller Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1A4, Canada; (N.C.T.D.); (M.T.)
| | - Dao Nguyen
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; (G.M.); (D.N.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A OG4, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Adam Hart
- Jo Miller Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1A4, Canada; (N.C.T.D.); (M.T.)
| | - Maryam Tabrizian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B6, Canada;
- Faculty of Dentistry and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, 3640 Rue University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
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16
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Dennison SR, Morton LH, Badiani K, Harris F, Phoenix DA. Bacterial susceptibility and resistance to modelin-5. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:8247-8263. [PMID: 37869970 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm01007d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Modelin-5 (M5-NH2) killed Pseudomonas aeruginosa with a minimum lethal concentration (MLC) of 5.86 μM and strongly bound its cytoplasmic membrane (CM) with a Kd of 23.5 μM. The peptide adopted high levels of amphiphilic α-helical structure (75.0%) and penetrated the CM hydrophobic core (8.0 mN m-1). This insertion destabilised CM structure via increased lipid packing and decreased fluidity (ΔGmix < 0), which promoted high levels of lysis (84.1%) and P. aeruginosa cell death. M5-NH2 showed a very strong affinity (Kd = 3.5 μM) and very high levels of amphiphilic α-helical structure with cardiolipin membranes (96.0%,) which primarily drove the peptide's membranolytic action against P. aeruginosa. In contrast, M5-NH2 killed Staphylococcus aureus with an MLC of 147.6 μM and weakly bound its CM with a Kd of 117.6 μM, The peptide adopted low levels of amphiphilic α-helical structure (35.0%) and only penetrated the upper regions of the CM (3.3 mN m-1). This insertion stabilised CM structure via decreased lipid packing and increased fluidity (ΔGmix > 0) and promoted only low levels of lysis (24.3%). The insertion and lysis of the S. aureus CM by M5-NH2 showed a strong negative correlation with its lysyl phosphatidylglycerol (Lys-PG) content (R2 > 0.98). In combination, these data suggested that Lys-PG mediated mechanisms inhibited the membranolytic action of M5-NH2 against S. aureus, thereby rendering the organism resistant to the peptide. These results are discussed in relation to structure/function relationships of M5-NH2 and CM lipids that underpin bacterial susceptibility and resistance to the peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah R Dennison
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, UK.
| | - Leslie Hg Morton
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, UK.
| | - Kamal Badiani
- Pepceuticals Limited, 4 Feldspar Close, Warrens Park, Enderby, Leicestershire, LE19 4JS, UK
| | - Frederick Harris
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, UK.
| | - David A Phoenix
- Office of the Vice Chancellor, London South Bank University, 103 Borough Road, London SE1 0AA, UK
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Poshvina DV, Dilbaryan DS, Vasilchenko AS. Gausemycin A-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Demonstrates Affected Cell Membrane and Cell Wall Homeostasis. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1330. [PMID: 37317304 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11051330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is a significant and pressing issue in the medical field, as numerous strains of infectious bacteria have become resistant to commonly prescribed antibiotics. Staphylococcus aureus is a bacterium that poses a grave threat, as it is responsible for a large number of nosocomial infections and has high mortality rates worldwide. Gausemycin A is a new lipoglycopeptide antibiotic that has considerable efficacy against multidrug-resistant S. aureus strains. Although the cellular targets of gausemycin A have been previously identified, detailing the molecular processes of action is still needed. We performed gene expression analysis to identify molecular mechanisms that may be involved in bacterial resistance to gausemycin A. In the present study, we observed that gausemycin A-resistant S. aureus in the late-exponential phase showed an increased expression of genes involved in cell wall turnover (sceD), membrane charge (dltA), phospholipid metabolism (pgsA), the two-component stress-response system (vraS), and the Clp proteolytic system (clpX). The increased expression of these genes implies that changes in the cell wall and cell membrane are essential for the bacterial resistance to gausemycin A. In the stationary phase, we observed a decrease in the expression of genes involved in the phospholipid metabolism (mprF) and Clp proteolytic system (clpX).
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Affiliation(s)
- Darya V Poshvina
- Laboratory of Antimicrobial Resistance, Institute of Environmental and Agricultural Biology (X-BIO), Tyumen State University, 625003 Tyumen, Russia
| | - Diana S Dilbaryan
- Laboratory of Antimicrobial Resistance, Institute of Environmental and Agricultural Biology (X-BIO), Tyumen State University, 625003 Tyumen, Russia
| | - Alexey S Vasilchenko
- Laboratory of Antimicrobial Resistance, Institute of Environmental and Agricultural Biology (X-BIO), Tyumen State University, 625003 Tyumen, Russia
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