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Sharma P, Brown S, Sokoya EM. Re-evaluation of dietary interventions in rheumatoid arthritis: can we improve patient conversations around food choices? Rheumatol Int 2024; 44:1409-1419. [PMID: 38376558 PMCID: PMC11222287 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-024-05541-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of over 100 different types of autoimmune conditions. In RA, the cells of the immune system attack the tissue lining the joints, triggering inflammation. A large body of research suggests that the underlying trigger(s) of RA are unique to an individual. For example, increased risk of RA can be driven by smoking tobacco in one individual and mercury exposure in another. Due to the development of next-generation sequencing technology, the critical role of the microbiota in shaping RA risk has been elucidated. Therefore, it is surprising that diet, arguably the most important lever in shaping the gut microbiota, is ineffective in the treatment of RA, even in a sub-set of patients. To attempt to rationalise this apparent paradox, we conducted an umbrella review to address the question as to whether diet can affect outcomes in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakriti Sharma
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Shannon Brown
- Flinders University Library, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Elke M Sokoya
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
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2
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Ermencheva P, Kotov G, Shumnalieva R, Velikova T, Monov S. Exploring the Role of the Microbiome in Rheumatoid Arthritis-A Critical Review. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1387. [PMID: 39065155 PMCID: PMC11278530 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12071387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, autoimmune rheumatic disease characterized by synovial joint inflammation with subsequent destruction as well as systemic manifestation, leading to impaired mobility and impaired quality of life. The etiopathogenesis of RA is still unknown, with genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors (incl. tobacco smoking) contributing to disease susceptibility. The link between genetic factors like "shared epitope alleles" and the development of RA is well known. However, why only some carriers have a break in self-tolerance and develop autoimmunity still needs to be clarified. The presence of autoantibodies in patients' serum months to years prior to the onset of clinical manifestations of RA has moved the focus to possible epigenetic factors, including environmental triggers that could contribute to the initiation and perpetuation of the inflammatory reaction in RA. Over the past several years, the role of microorganisms at mucosal sites (i.e., microbiome) has emerged as an essential mediator of inflammation in RA. An increasing number of studies have revealed the microbial role in the immunopathogenesis of autoimmune rheumatic diseases. Interaction between the host immune system and microbiota initiates loss of immunological tolerance and autoimmunity. The alteration in microbiome composition, the so-called dysbiosis, is associated with an increasing number of diseases. Immune dysfunction caused by dysbiosis triggers and sustains chronic inflammation. This review aims to provide a critical summary of the literature findings related to the hypothesis of a reciprocal relation between the microbiome and the immune system. Available data from studies reveal the pivotal role of the microbiome in RA pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Plamena Ermencheva
- Clinic of Rheumatology, University Hospital ‘St. Ivan Rilski’, 13 Urvich Str., 1612 Sofia, Bulgaria; (P.E.); (G.K.); (R.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Georgi Kotov
- Clinic of Rheumatology, University Hospital ‘St. Ivan Rilski’, 13 Urvich Str., 1612 Sofia, Bulgaria; (P.E.); (G.K.); (R.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Russka Shumnalieva
- Clinic of Rheumatology, University Hospital ‘St. Ivan Rilski’, 13 Urvich Str., 1612 Sofia, Bulgaria; (P.E.); (G.K.); (R.S.); (S.M.)
- Department of Rheumatology, Medical University of Sofia, 13 Urvich Str., 1612 Sofia, Bulgaria
- Medical Faculty, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski, Kozyak 1, 1407 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Tsvetelina Velikova
- Medical Faculty, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski, Kozyak 1, 1407 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Simeon Monov
- Clinic of Rheumatology, University Hospital ‘St. Ivan Rilski’, 13 Urvich Str., 1612 Sofia, Bulgaria; (P.E.); (G.K.); (R.S.); (S.M.)
- Department of Rheumatology, Medical University of Sofia, 13 Urvich Str., 1612 Sofia, Bulgaria
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Qian SX, Bao YF, Li XY, Dong Y, Zhang XL, Wu ZY. Multi-omics Analysis Reveals Key Gut Microbiota and Metabolites Closely Associated with Huntington's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04271-9. [PMID: 38850348 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04271-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is closely associated with neurodegenerative diseases, including Huntington's disease (HD). Gut microbiome-derived metabolites are key factors in host-microbiome interactions. This study aimed to investigate the crucial gut microbiome and metabolites in HD and their correlations. Fecal and serum samples from 11 to 26 patients with HD, respectively, and 16 and 23 healthy controls, respectively, were collected. The fecal samples were used for shotgun metagenomics while the serum samples for metabolomics analysis. Integrated analysis of the metagenomics and metabolomics data was also conducted. Firmicutes, Bacteroidota, Proteobacteria, Uroviricota, Actinobacteria, and Verrucomicrobia were the dominant phyla. At the genus level, the presence of Bacteroides, Faecalibacterium, Parabacteroides, Alistipes, Dialister, and Christensenella was higher in HD patients, while the abundance of Lachnospira, Roseburia, Clostridium, Ruminococcus, Blautia, Butyricicoccus, Agathobaculum, Phocaeicola, Coprococcus, and Fusicatenibacter decreased. A total of 244 differential metabolites were identified and found to be enriched in the glycerophospholipid, nucleotide, biotin, galactose, and alpha-linolenic acid metabolic pathways. The AUC value from the integrated analysis (1) was higher than that from the analysis of the gut microbiota (0.8632). No significant differences were found in the ACE, Simpson, Shannon, Sobs, and Chao indexes between HD patients and controls. Our study determined crucial functional gut microbiota and potential biomarkers associated with HD pathogenesis, providing new insights into the role of the gut microbiota-brain axis in HD occurrence and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Xia Qian
- Department of Medical Genetics and Center for Rare Diseases, Department of Neurology in the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Nanhu Brain-Computer Interface Institute, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, 1518 Huancheng North Road, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu-Feng Bao
- Department of Medical Genetics and Center for Rare Diseases, Department of Neurology in the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Li
- Department of Medical Genetics and Center for Rare Diseases, Department of Neurology in the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Dong
- Department of Medical Genetics and Center for Rare Diseases, Department of Neurology in the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Zhang
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, 1518 Huancheng North Road, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Zhi-Ying Wu
- Department of Medical Genetics and Center for Rare Diseases, Department of Neurology in the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Nanhu Brain-Computer Interface Institute, Hangzhou, China.
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Chatterjee A, Jayaprakasan M, Chakrabarty AK, Lakkaniga NR, Bhatt BN, Banerjee D, Narwaria A, Katiyar CK, Dubey SK. Comprehensive insights into rheumatoid arthritis: Pathophysiology, current therapies and herbal alternatives for effective disease management. Phytother Res 2024; 38:2764-2799. [PMID: 38522945 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease characterized by immune response overexpression, causing pain and swelling in the synovial joints. This condition is caused by auto-reactive antibodies that attack self-antigens due to their incapacity to distinguish between self and foreign molecules. Dysregulated activity within numerous signalling and immunological pathways supports the disease's development and progression, elevating its complexity. While current treatments provide some alleviation, their effectiveness is accompanied by a variety of adverse effects that are inherent in conventional medications. As a result, there is a deep-rooted necessity to investigate alternate therapeutic strategies capable of neutralizing these disadvantages. Medicinal herbs display a variety of potent bioactive phytochemicals that are effective in the complementary management of disease, thus generating an enormous potency for the researchers to delve deep into the development of novel phytomedicine against autoimmune diseases, although additional evidence and understanding are required in terms of their efficacy and pharmacodynamic mechanisms. This literature-based review highlights the dysregulation of immune tolerance in rheumatoid arthritis, analyses the pathophysiology, elucidates relevant signalling pathways involved, evaluates present and future therapy options and underscores the therapeutic attributes of a diverse array of medicinal herbs in addressing this severe disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Chatterjee
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, India
| | - Monisha Jayaprakasan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, India
| | | | - Naga Rajiv Lakkaniga
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, India
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Cadoni MPL, Coradduzza D, Congiargiu A, Sedda S, Zinellu A, Medici S, Nivoli AM, Carru C. Platelet Dynamics in Neurodegenerative Disorders: Investigating the Role of Platelets in Neurological Pathology. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2102. [PMID: 38610867 PMCID: PMC11012481 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13072102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Neurological disorders, particularly those associated with aging, pose significant challenges in early diagnosis and treatment. The identification of specific biomarkers, such as platelets (PLTs), has emerged as a promising strategy for early detection and intervention in neurological health. This systematic review aims to explore the intricate relationship between PLT dynamics and neurological health, focusing on their potential role in cognitive functions and the pathogenesis of cognitive disorders. Methods: Adhering to PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive search strategy was employed in the PubMed and Scholar databases to identify studies on the role of PLTs in neurological disorders published from 2013 to 2023. The search criteria included studies focusing on PLTs as biomarkers in neurological disorders, their dynamics, and their potential in monitoring disease progression and therapy effectiveness. Results: The systematic review included 104 studies, revealing PLTs as crucial biomarkers in neurocognitive disorders, acting as inflammatory mediators. The findings suggest that PLTs share common features with altered neurons, which could be utilised for monitoring disease progression and evaluating the effectiveness of treatments. PLTs are identified as significant biomarkers for detecting neurological disorders in their early stages and understanding the pathological events leading to neuronal death. Conclusions: The systematic review underscores the critical role of PLTs in neurological disorders, highlighting their potential as biomarkers for the early detection and monitoring of disease progression. However, it also emphasises the need for further research to solidify the use of PLTs in neurological disorders, aiming to enhance early diagnosis and intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Stefania Sedda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Angelo Zinellu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Serenella Medici
- Department of Chemical, Physical, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Alessandra Matilde Nivoli
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
- Psychiatric Unit Clinic of the University Hospital, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Ciriaco Carru
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
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Glitsch MD. Recent advances in acid sensing by G protein coupled receptors. Pflugers Arch 2024; 476:445-455. [PMID: 38340167 PMCID: PMC11006784 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-024-02919-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Changes in extracellular proton concentrations occur in a variety of tissues over a range of timescales under physiological conditions and also accompany virtually all pathologies, notably cancers, stroke, inflammation and trauma. Proton-activated, G protein coupled receptors are already partially active at physiological extracellular proton concentrations and their activity increases with rising proton concentrations. Their ability to monitor and report changes in extracellular proton concentrations and hence extracellular pH appears to be involved in a variety of processes, and it is likely to mirror and in some cases promote disease progression. Unsurprisingly, therefore, these pH-sensing receptors (pHR) receive increasing attention from researchers working in an expanding range of research areas, from cellular neurophysiology to systemic inflammatory processes. This review is looking at progress made in the field of pHRs over the past few years and also highlights outstanding issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maike D Glitsch
- Medical School Hamburg, Am Sandtorkai 1, 20457, Hamburg, Germany.
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Wang Y, Wang Z, Lu Q. Microbiome dynamics in rheumatic diseases. Curr Opin Rheumatol 2024; 36:134-141. [PMID: 37976078 DOI: 10.1097/bor.0000000000000993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Rheumatic disease are characterized by their autoimmune nature, frequently affecting joints, bones, muscles, blood vessels, and connective tissues. The onset of these conditions typically unfolds gradually and subtly. It is noteworthy that individuals with rheumatic diseases often experience shifts in their microbiome, specifically on mucosal surfaces. The purpose of this review is to delve into the intricate interplay between the microbiome, encompassing bacteria, viruses and fungi, and its role in the development and aggravation of various rheumatic diseases. Additionally, it aims to offer insights into microbiome-centered therapeutic approaches for patients in the field of rheumatology. RECENT FINDINGS The advent of next-generation sequencing has significantly improved our understanding of microbiome changes. Numerous studies have consistently revealed a strong link between rheumatism and the microbiome, especially in the oral and gut microbiota. SUMMARY A deeper comprehension of the microbiome's connection to rheumatism holds potential for enhancing disease diagnosis and treatment. Targeted therapeutic approaches, including probiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and combination therapies with medications, offer promising avenues for disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqing Wang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University
| | - Zijun Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qianjin Lu
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University
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Coradduzza D, Medici S, Chessa C, Zinellu A, Madonia M, Angius A, Carru C, De Miglio MR. Assessing the Predictive Power of the Hemoglobin/Red Cell Distribution Width Ratio in Cancer: A Systematic Review and Future Directions. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:2124. [PMID: 38138227 PMCID: PMC10744746 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59122124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The hemoglobin (Hb)/red cell distribution width (RDW) ratio has emerged as an accessible, repeatable, and inexpensive prognostic factor that may predict survival in cancer patients. The focus of this systematic review is to investigate the prognostic role of the Hb/RDW ratio in cancer and the implications for clinical practice. Materials and Methods: A literature search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases was performed by an independent author between 18 March and 30 March 2023 to collect relevant literature that assessed the prognostic value of the Hb/RDW ratio in cancer. Overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and the association of these with the Hb/RDW ratio were considered to be the main endpoints. Results: Thirteen retrospective studies, including 3818 cancer patients, were identified and involved in this review. It was observed that, when patients with a high vs. low Hb/RDW ratio were compared, those with a lower Hb/RDW ratio had significantly poorer outcomes (p < 0.05). In lung cancer patients, a one-unit increase in the Hb/RDW ratio reduces mortality by 1.6 times, whilst in esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma patients, a lower Hb/RDW ratio results in a 1.416-times greater risk of mortality. Conclusions: A low Hb/RDW ratio was associated with poor OS and disease progression in patients with cancer. This blood parameter should be considered a standard biomarker in clinical practice for predicting OS and PFS in cancer patients. Future searches will be necessary to determine and standardize the Hb/RDW cut-off value and to assess whether the Hb/RDW ratio is optimal as an independent prognostic factor or if it requires incorporation into risk assessment models for predicting outcomes in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Coradduzza
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (D.C.); (A.Z.)
| | - Serenella Medici
- Department of Chemical, Physical, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
| | - Carla Chessa
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (C.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Angelo Zinellu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (D.C.); (A.Z.)
| | - Massimo Madonia
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (C.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Andrea Angius
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Cittadella Universitaria di Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Ciriaco Carru
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (D.C.); (A.Z.)
- Control Quality Unit, Azienda-Ospedaliera Universitaria (AOU), 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria De Miglio
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (C.C.); (M.M.)
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