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Focosi D, Spezia PG, Maggi F. Online dashboards for SARS-CoV-2 wastewater-based epidemiology. Future Microbiol 2024; 19:761-769. [PMID: 38700284 PMCID: PMC11290749 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2024-0033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is increasingly used to monitor pandemics. In this manuscript, we review methods and limitations of WBE, as well as their online dashboards. Materials & methods: Online dashboards were retrieved using PubMed and search engines, and annotated for timeliness, availability of English version, details on SARS-CoV-2 sublineages, normalization by population and PPMoV load, availability of case/hospitalization count charts and of raw data for export. Results: We retrieved 51 web portals, half of them from Europe. Africa is represented from South Africa only, and only seven portals are available from Asia. Conclusion: WBS provides near-real-time cost-effective monitoring of analytes across space and time in populations. However, tremendous heterogeneity still persists in the SARS-CoV-2 WBE literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Focosi
- North-Western Tuscany Blood Bank, Pisa University Hospital, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Pietro Giorgio Spezia
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases “Lazzaro Spallanzani” IRCCS, 00140, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Maggi
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases “Lazzaro Spallanzani” IRCCS, 00140, Rome, Italy
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Bartel A, Grau JH, Bitzegeio J, Werber D, Linzner N, Schumacher V, Garske S, Liere K, Hackenbeck T, Rupp SI, Sagebiel D, Böckelmann U, Meixner M. Timely Monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 RNA Fragments in Wastewater Shows the Emergence of JN.1 (BA.2.86.1.1, Clade 23I) in Berlin, Germany. Viruses 2024; 16:102. [PMID: 38257802 PMCID: PMC10818819 DOI: 10.3390/v16010102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The importance of COVID-19 surveillance from wastewater continues to grow since case-based surveillance in the general population has been scaled back world-wide. In Berlin, Germany, quantitative and genomic wastewater monitoring for SARS-CoV-2 is performed in three wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) covering 84% of the population since December 2021. The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sublineage JN.1 (B.2.86.1.1), was first identified from wastewater on 22 October 2023 and rapidly became the dominant sublineage. This change was accompanied by a parallel and still ongoing increase in the notification-based 7-day-hospitalization incidence of COVID-19 and COVID-19 ICU utilization, indicating increasing COVID-19 activity in the (hospital-prone) population and a higher strain on the healthcare system. In retrospect, unique mutations of JN.1 could be identified in wastewater as early as September 2023 but were of unknown relevance at the time. The timely detection of new sublineages in wastewater therefore depends on the availability of new sequences from GISAID and updates to Pango lineage definitions and Nextclade. We show that genomic wastewater surveillance provides timely public health evidence on a regional level, complementing the existing indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Bartel
- Unit for Surveillance and Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, State Office for Health and Social Affairs (SOHSA), 10559 Berlin, Germany; (J.B.); (D.W.); (S.G.); (D.S.)
| | - José Horacio Grau
- amedes Medizinische Dienstleistungen GmbH, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; (J.H.G.); (K.L.); (T.H.); (S.I.R.); (M.M.)
| | - Julia Bitzegeio
- Unit for Surveillance and Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, State Office for Health and Social Affairs (SOHSA), 10559 Berlin, Germany; (J.B.); (D.W.); (S.G.); (D.S.)
| | - Dirk Werber
- Unit for Surveillance and Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, State Office for Health and Social Affairs (SOHSA), 10559 Berlin, Germany; (J.B.); (D.W.); (S.G.); (D.S.)
| | - Nico Linzner
- Laboratory of Berliner Wasserbetriebe, Berliner Wasserbetriebe, 13629 Berlin, Germany; (N.L.); (V.S.); (U.B.)
| | - Vera Schumacher
- Laboratory of Berliner Wasserbetriebe, Berliner Wasserbetriebe, 13629 Berlin, Germany; (N.L.); (V.S.); (U.B.)
| | - Sonja Garske
- Unit for Surveillance and Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, State Office for Health and Social Affairs (SOHSA), 10559 Berlin, Germany; (J.B.); (D.W.); (S.G.); (D.S.)
| | - Karsten Liere
- amedes Medizinische Dienstleistungen GmbH, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; (J.H.G.); (K.L.); (T.H.); (S.I.R.); (M.M.)
| | - Thomas Hackenbeck
- amedes Medizinische Dienstleistungen GmbH, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; (J.H.G.); (K.L.); (T.H.); (S.I.R.); (M.M.)
| | - Sofia Isabell Rupp
- amedes Medizinische Dienstleistungen GmbH, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; (J.H.G.); (K.L.); (T.H.); (S.I.R.); (M.M.)
| | - Daniel Sagebiel
- Unit for Surveillance and Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, State Office for Health and Social Affairs (SOHSA), 10559 Berlin, Germany; (J.B.); (D.W.); (S.G.); (D.S.)
| | - Uta Böckelmann
- Laboratory of Berliner Wasserbetriebe, Berliner Wasserbetriebe, 13629 Berlin, Germany; (N.L.); (V.S.); (U.B.)
| | - Martin Meixner
- amedes Medizinische Dienstleistungen GmbH, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; (J.H.G.); (K.L.); (T.H.); (S.I.R.); (M.M.)
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