1
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Müller DF, Wibbing D, Herwig C, Kager J. Simultaneous real-time estimation of maximum substrate uptake capacity and yield coefficient in induced microbial cultures. Comput Chem Eng 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compchemeng.2023.108203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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2
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Restrepo-Pineda, Rosiles-BecerrilVargas-Castillo D, Ávila-Barrientos LP, Luviano A, Sánchez-Puig N, García-Hernández E, Pérez NO, Trujillo-Roldán MA, Valdez-Cruz NA. Induction temperature impacts the structure of recombinant HuGM-CSF inclusion bodies in thermoinducible E. coli. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2022.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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3
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Kopp J, Bayer B, Slouka C, Striedner G, Dürkop M, Spadiut O. Fundamental insights in early-stage inclusion body formation. Microb Biotechnol 2022; 16:893-900. [PMID: 35830603 PMCID: PMC10128139 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Early-stage inclusion body formation is still mysterious. Literature is ambiguous about the existence of rod-shaped protein aggregates, a potential sponge-like inclusion body scaffold as well as the number of inclusion bodies per Escherichia coli cell. In this study, we verified the existence of rod-shaped inclusion bodies, confirmed their porous morphology, the presence of multiple protein aggregates per cell and modelled inclusion body formation as function of the number of generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Kopp
- Research Division Integrated Bioprocess Development, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience, Vienna, Austria
| | - Benjamin Bayer
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria.,Novasign GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Slouka
- Research Division Integrated Bioprocess Development, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerald Striedner
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria.,Novasign GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mark Dürkop
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria.,Novasign GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| | - Oliver Spadiut
- Research Division Integrated Bioprocess Development, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience, Vienna, Austria
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4
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Lipničanová S, Legerská B, Chmelová D, Ondrejovič M, Miertuš S. Optimization of an Inclusion Body-Based Production of the Influenza Virus Neuraminidase in Escherichia coli. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12020331. [PMID: 35204831 PMCID: PMC8869668 DOI: 10.3390/biom12020331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuraminidase (NA), as an important protein of influenza virus, represents a promising target for the development of new antiviral agents for the treatment and prevention of influenza A and B. Bacterial host strain Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3)pLysS containing the NA gene of the H1N1 influenza virus produced this overexpressed enzyme in the insoluble fraction of cells in the form of inclusion bodies. The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of independent variables (propagation time, isopropyl β-d-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) concentration and expression time) on NA accumulation in inclusion bodies and to optimize these conditions by response surface methodology (RSM). The maximum yield of NA (112.97 ± 2.82 U/g) was achieved under optimal conditions, namely, a propagation time of 7.72 h, IPTG concentration of 1.82 mM and gene expression time of 7.35 h. This study demonstrated that bacterially expressed NA was enzymatically active.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Lipničanová
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of SS. Cyril and Methodius, J. Herdu 2, SK-91701 Trnava, Slovakia; (S.L.); (B.L.); (D.C.); (S.M.)
| | - Barbora Legerská
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of SS. Cyril and Methodius, J. Herdu 2, SK-91701 Trnava, Slovakia; (S.L.); (B.L.); (D.C.); (S.M.)
| | - Daniela Chmelová
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of SS. Cyril and Methodius, J. Herdu 2, SK-91701 Trnava, Slovakia; (S.L.); (B.L.); (D.C.); (S.M.)
| | - Miroslav Ondrejovič
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of SS. Cyril and Methodius, J. Herdu 2, SK-91701 Trnava, Slovakia; (S.L.); (B.L.); (D.C.); (S.M.)
- International Centre for Applied Research and Sustainable Technology n.o., Jamnického 19, SK-84101 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +421-33-5565-321
| | - Stanislav Miertuš
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of SS. Cyril and Methodius, J. Herdu 2, SK-91701 Trnava, Slovakia; (S.L.); (B.L.); (D.C.); (S.M.)
- International Centre for Applied Research and Sustainable Technology n.o., Jamnického 19, SK-84101 Bratislava, Slovakia
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5
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Zalai D, Kopp J, Kozma B, Küchler M, Herwig C, Kager J. Microbial technologies for biotherapeutics production: Key tools for advanced biopharmaceutical process development and control. DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY. TECHNOLOGIES 2021; 38:9-24. [PMID: 34895644 DOI: 10.1016/j.ddtec.2021.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Current trends in the biopharmaceutical market such as the diversification of therapies as well as the increasing time-to-market pressure will trigger the rethinking of bioprocess development and production approaches. Thereby, the importance of development time and manufacturing costs will increase, especially for microbial production. In the present review, we investigate three technological approaches which, to our opinion, will play a key role in the future of biopharmaceutical production. The first cornerstone of process development is the generation and effective utilization of platform knowledge. Building processes on well understood microbial and technological platforms allows to accelerate early-stage bioprocess development and to better condense this knowledge into multi-purpose technologies and applicable mathematical models. Second, the application of verified scale down systems and in silico models for process design and characterization will reduce the required number of large scale batches before dossier submission. Third, the broader availability of mathematical process models and the improvement of process analytical technologies will increase the applicability and acceptance of advanced control and process automation in the manufacturing scale. This will reduce process failure rates and subsequently cost of goods. Along these three aspects we give an overview of recently developed key tools and their potential integration into bioprocess development strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denes Zalai
- Richter-Helm BioLogics GmbH & Co. KG, Suhrenkamp 59, 22335 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Julian Kopp
- Research Division Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bence Kozma
- Research Division Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Küchler
- Richter-Helm BioLogics GmbH & Co. KG, Suhrenkamp 59, 22335 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Herwig
- Research Division Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria; Competence Center CHASE GmbH, Altenbergerstraße 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Julian Kager
- Research Division Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria
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6
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Cascaded processing enables continuous upstream processing with E. coli BL21(DE3). Sci Rep 2021; 11:11477. [PMID: 34075099 PMCID: PMC8169658 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90899-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In many industrial sectors continuous processing is already the golden standard to maximize productivity. However, when working with living cells, subpopulation formation causes instabilities in long-term cultivations. In cascaded continuous cultivation, biomass formation and recombinant protein expression can be spatially separated. This cultivation mode was found to facilitate stable protein expression using microbial hosts, however mechanistic knowledge of this cultivation strategy is scarce. In this contribution we present a method workflow to reduce workload and accelerate the establishment of stable continuous processes with E. coli BL21(DE3) exclusively based on bioengineering methods.
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7
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Carratalá JV, Cisneros A, Hellman E, Villaverde A, Ferrer-Miralles N. Title: insoluble proteins catch heterologous soluble proteins into inclusion bodies by intermolecular interaction of aggregating peptides. Microb Cell Fact 2021; 20:30. [PMID: 33531005 PMCID: PMC7852131 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-021-01524-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Protein aggregation is a biological event observed in expression systems in which the recombinant protein is produced under stressful conditions surpassing the homeostasis of the protein quality control system. In addition, protein aggregation is also related to conformational diseases in animals as transmissible prion diseases or non-transmissible neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer, Parkinson’s disease, amyloidosis and multiple system atrophy among others. At the molecular level, the presence of aggregation-prone domains in protein molecules act as seeding igniters to induce the accumulation of protein molecules in protease-resistant clusters by intermolecular interactions. Results
In this work we have studied the aggregating-prone performance of a small peptide (L6K2) with additional antimicrobial activity and we have elucidated the relevance of the accompanying scaffold protein to enhance the aggregating profile of the fusion protein. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the fusion of L6K2 to highly soluble recombinant proteins directs the protein to inclusion bodies (IBs) in E. coli through stereospecific interactions in the presence of an insoluble protein displaying the same aggregating-prone peptide (APP). Conclusions These data suggest that the molecular bases of protein aggregation are related to the net balance of protein aggregation potential and not only to the presence of APPs. This is then presented as a generic platform to generate hybrid protein aggregates in microbial cell factories for biopharmaceutical and biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Vicente Carratalá
- Institute for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.,Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBER-BBN), 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrés Cisneros
- Institute for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elijah Hellman
- Institute for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Villaverde
- Institute for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.,Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBER-BBN), 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Neus Ferrer-Miralles
- Institute for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain. .,Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain. .,Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBER-BBN), 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
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8
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Jäger VD, Lamm R, Küsters K, Ölçücü G, Oldiges M, Jaeger KE, Büchs J, Krauss U. Catalytically-active inclusion bodies for biotechnology-general concepts, optimization, and application. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:7313-7329. [PMID: 32651598 PMCID: PMC7413871 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10760-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial inclusion bodies (IBs) have long been considered as inactive, unfolded waste material produced by heterologous overexpression of recombinant genes. In industrial applications, they are occasionally used as an alternative in cases where a protein cannot be expressed in soluble form and in high enough amounts. Then, however, refolding approaches are needed to transform inactive IBs into active soluble protein. While anecdotal reports about IBs themselves showing catalytic functionality/activity (CatIB) are found throughout literature, only recently, the use of protein engineering methods has facilitated the on-demand production of CatIBs. CatIB formation is induced usually by fusing short peptide tags or aggregation-inducing protein domains to a target protein. The resulting proteinaceous particles formed by heterologous expression of the respective genes can be regarded as a biologically produced bionanomaterial or, if enzymes are used as target protein, carrier-free enzyme immobilizates. In the present contribution, we review general concepts important for CatIB production, processing, and application. KEY POINTS: • Catalytically active inclusion bodies (CatIBs) are promising bionanomaterials. • Potential applications in biocatalysis, synthetic chemistry, and biotechnology. • CatIB formation represents a generic approach for enzyme immobilization. • CatIB formation efficiency depends on construct design and expression conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera D Jäger
- Institut für Molekulare Enzymtechnologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC), c/o Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, 52425, Germany
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, Kemistintie 1, Espoo, 02150, Finland
| | - Robin Lamm
- Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC), c/o Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, 52425, Germany
- AVT-Chair for Biochemical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, 52074, Germany
| | - Kira Küsters
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, 52425, Germany
- Institute of Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Gizem Ölçücü
- Institut für Molekulare Enzymtechnologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, 52425, Germany
| | - Marco Oldiges
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, 52425, Germany
- Institute of Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Karl-Erich Jaeger
- Institut für Molekulare Enzymtechnologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC), c/o Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, 52425, Germany
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, 52425, Germany
| | - Jochen Büchs
- Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC), c/o Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, 52425, Germany
- AVT-Chair for Biochemical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, 52074, Germany
| | - Ulrich Krauss
- Institut für Molekulare Enzymtechnologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany.
- Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC), c/o Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, 52425, Germany.
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, 52425, Germany.
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9
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Kittler S, Kopp J, Veelenturf PG, Spadiut O, Delvigne F, Herwig C, Slouka C. The Lazarus Escherichia coli Effect: Recovery of Productivity on Glycerol/Lactose Mixed Feed in Continuous Biomanufacturing. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:993. [PMID: 32903513 PMCID: PMC7438448 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Continuous cultivation with Escherichia coli has several benefits compared to classical fed-batch cultivation. The economic benefits would be a stable process, which leads to time independent quality of the product, and hence ease the downstream process. However, continuous biomanufacturing with E. coli is known to exhibit a drop of productivity after about 4–5 days of cultivation depending on dilution rate. These cultivations are generally performed on glucose, being the favorite carbon source for E. coli and used in combination with isopropyl β-D-1 thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) for induction. In recent works, harsh induction with IPTG was changed to softer induction using lactose for T7-based plasmids, with the result of reducing the metabolic stress and tunability of productivity. These mixed feed systems based on glucose and lactose result in high amounts of correctly folded protein. In this study we used different mixed feed systems with glucose/lactose and glycerol/lactose to investigate productivity of E. coli based chemostats. We tested different strains producing three model proteins, with the final aim of a stable long-time protein expression. While glucose fed chemostats showed the well-known drop in productivity after a certain process time, glycerol fed cultivations recovered productivity after about 150 h of induction, which corresponds to around 30 generation times. We want to further highlight that the cellular response upon galactose utilization in E. coli BL21(DE3), might be causing fluctuating productivity, as galactose is referred to be a weak inducer. This “Lazarus” phenomenon has not been described in literature before and may enable a stabilization of continuous cultivation with E. coli using different carbon sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Kittler
- Research Division Biochemical Engineering, Research Group Integrated Bioprocess Development, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julian Kopp
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Mechanistic and Physiological Methods for Improved Bioprocesses, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, TU Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Patrick Gwen Veelenturf
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Mechanistic and Physiological Methods for Improved Bioprocesses, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, TU Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Oliver Spadiut
- Research Division Biochemical Engineering, Research Group Integrated Bioprocess Development, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Frank Delvigne
- TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Microbial Processes and Interactions (MiPI), Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech - Université de Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Christoph Herwig
- Research Division Biochemical Engineering, Research Group Integrated Bioprocess Development, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria.,Christian Doppler Laboratory for Mechanistic and Physiological Methods for Improved Bioprocesses, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, TU Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Slouka
- Research Division Biochemical Engineering, Research Group Integrated Bioprocess Development, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria
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10
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Schwaighofer A, Ablasser S, Lux L, Kopp J, Herwig C, Spadiut O, Lendl B, Slouka C. Production of Active Recombinant Hyaluronidase Inclusion Bodies from Apis mellifera in E. coli Bl21(DE3) and characterization by FT-IR Spectroscopy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E3881. [PMID: 32485932 PMCID: PMC7313074 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21113881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The bacterium E. coli is one of the most important hosts for recombinant protein production. The benefits are high growth rates, inexpensive media, and high protein titers. However, complex proteins with high molecular weight and many disulfide bonds are expressed as inclusion bodies (IBs). In the last decade, the overall perception of these IBs being not functional proteins changed, as enzyme activity was found within IBs. Several applications for direct use of IBs are already reported in literature. While fluorescent proteins or protein tags are used for determination of IB activity to date, direct measurements of IB protein activity are scacre. The expression of recombinant hyaluronidase from Apis mellifera in E. coli BL21(DE3) was analyzed using a face centered design of experiment approach. Hyaluronidase is a hard to express protein and imposes a high metabolic burden to the host. Conditions giving a high specific IB titer were found at 25 °C at low specific substrate uptake rates and induction times of 2 to 4 h. The protein activity of hyaluronidase IBs was verified using (Fourier transform) FT-IR spectroscopy. Degradation of the substrate hyaluronan occurred at increased rates with higher IB concentrations. Active recombinant hyaluronidase IBs can be immediately used for direct degradation of hyaluronan without further down streaming steps. FT-IR spectroscopy was introduced as a method for tracking IB activity and showed differences in degradation behavior of hyaluronan dependent on the applied active IB concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Schwaighofer
- FG Environmental Analytics, Process Analytics and Sensors, Institute of Chemical Technology and Analytics, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9/164, 1060 Wien, Austria; (A.S.); (L.L.); (B.L.)
| | - Sarah Ablasser
- FG Bioprocess Technology, ICEBE, Vienna University of Technology, Gumpendorferstrasse 1a, 1060 Vienna, Austria; (S.A.); (J.K.); (C.H.)
| | - Laurin Lux
- FG Environmental Analytics, Process Analytics and Sensors, Institute of Chemical Technology and Analytics, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9/164, 1060 Wien, Austria; (A.S.); (L.L.); (B.L.)
| | - Julian Kopp
- FG Bioprocess Technology, ICEBE, Vienna University of Technology, Gumpendorferstrasse 1a, 1060 Vienna, Austria; (S.A.); (J.K.); (C.H.)
| | - Christoph Herwig
- FG Bioprocess Technology, ICEBE, Vienna University of Technology, Gumpendorferstrasse 1a, 1060 Vienna, Austria; (S.A.); (J.K.); (C.H.)
| | - Oliver Spadiut
- FG Integrated Bioprocess Development, ICEBE, Vienna University of Technology, Gumpendorferstrasse 1a, 1060 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Bernhard Lendl
- FG Environmental Analytics, Process Analytics and Sensors, Institute of Chemical Technology and Analytics, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9/164, 1060 Wien, Austria; (A.S.); (L.L.); (B.L.)
| | - Christoph Slouka
- FG Integrated Bioprocess Development, ICEBE, Vienna University of Technology, Gumpendorferstrasse 1a, 1060 Vienna, Austria;
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11
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Metzger KF, Padutsch W, Pekarsky A, Kopp J, Voloshin AM, Kühnel H, Maurer M. IGF1 inclusion bodies: A QbD based process approach for efficient USP as well as early DSP unit operations. J Biotechnol 2020; 312:23-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2020.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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12
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High pressure homogenization is a key unit operation in inclusion body processing. J Biotechnol 2020; 324S:100022. [PMID: 34154734 DOI: 10.1016/j.btecx.2020.100022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant protein production in E. coli often leads to the formation of inclusion bodies (IBs). Although downstream processing of IBs has the reputation of being a great hurdle, advantages of IBs can be substantial. Highly pure recombinant protein with the possibility of correctly folded structures and an easy separation from cell matter are decisive factors that make IB processes so interesting. Product yield, purity and biological activity of the refolded protein are the responses to evaluate an IB process. The objective of this case study was to develop a refolding process in an integrated manner. The effects of the unit operations 1) homogenization, 2) IB wash and 3) IB solubilisation as well as their interdependencies were analyzed. We revealed interesting factor interactions between homogenization and IB wash, as well as homogenization and solubilisation, which would be overlooked if the single unit operations were investigated individually. Furthermore, we found that homogenization was a key unit operation for IB processing. By changing the conditions during homogenization only, the product yield, purity and biological activity of the refolded product was affected 2-fold, 1.2-fold and 2.5-fold, respectively.
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13
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Kopp J, Slouka C, Spadiut O, Herwig C. The Rocky Road From Fed-Batch to Continuous Processing With E. coli. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:328. [PMID: 31824931 PMCID: PMC6880763 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli still serves as a beloved workhorse for the production of many biopharmaceuticals as it fulfills essential criteria, such as having fast doubling times, exhibiting a low risk of contamination, and being easy to upscale. Most industrial processes in E. coli are carried out in fed-batch mode. However, recent trends show that the biotech industry is moving toward time-independent processing, trying to improve the space-time yield, and especially targeting constant quality attributes. In the 1950s, the term "chemostat" was introduced for the first time by Novick and Szilard, who followed up on the previous work performed by Monod. Chemostat processing resulted in a major hype 10 years after its official introduction. However, enthusiasm decreased as experiments suffered from genetic instabilities and physiology issues. Major improvements in strain engineering and the usage of tunable promotor systems facilitated chemostat processes. In addition, critical process parameters have been identified, and the effects they have on diverse quality attributes are understood in much more depth, thereby easing process control. By pooling the knowledge gained throughout the recent years, new applications, such as parallelization, cascade processing, and population controls, are applied nowadays. However, to control the highly heterogeneous cultivation broth to achieve stable productivity throughout long-term cultivations is still tricky. Within this review, we discuss the current state of E. coli fed-batch process understanding and its tech transfer potential within continuous processing. Furthermore, the achievements in the continuous upstream applications of E. coli and the continuous downstream processing of intracellular proteins will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Kopp
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Mechanistic and Physiological Methods for Improved Bioprocesses, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Slouka
- Research Area Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Engineering, Vienna, Austria
| | - Oliver Spadiut
- Research Area Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Engineering, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Herwig
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Mechanistic and Physiological Methods for Improved Bioprocesses, Vienna, Austria
- Research Area Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Engineering, Vienna, Austria
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Kopp J, Kolkmann AM, Veleenturf PG, Spadiut O, Herwig C, Slouka C. Boosting Recombinant Inclusion Body Production-From Classical Fed-Batch Approach to Continuous Cultivation. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:297. [PMID: 31737617 PMCID: PMC6834550 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
State of the art microbial recombinant protein production is regularly performed in fed-batch based cultivations. However, these cultivations suffer from highly time-dependent changes in productivity and product quality, leading to high variations in the downstream process. Continuous biomanufacturing offers the possibility of a time independent process, boosting the time-space-yield of the recombinantly produced protein and further reducing costs for production, also as downstream gets more predictive. In the current work, the continuous production of a pharmaceutically relevant protein in form of an inclusion body in E. coli BL21(DE3) was investigated in single vessel cultivations by varying dilution rates using glycerol as carbon source, inducer (lactose or IPTG) and respective inducer concentrations. Attempts to increase low specific productivities observed in single vessel continuous cultivations, led to the establishment of a continuously operated cascade of two stirred tank reactors to spatially separate biomass formation from recombinant protein production. Process performance was substantially improved compared to a single vessel chemostat culture, as specific productivity and space-time yield were boosted using an optimized cascaded process by about a factor of 100. This study shows the potential of a two-stage continuous process as promising alternative to benchmark fed-batch processes achieving constant inclusion body production at a time-independent level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Kopp
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Mechanistic and Physiological Methods for Improved Bioprocesses, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna-Maria Kolkmann
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Mechanistic and Physiological Methods for Improved Bioprocesses, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Patrick Gwen Veleenturf
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Mechanistic and Physiological Methods for Improved Bioprocesses, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Oliver Spadiut
- Research Division Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Herwig
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Mechanistic and Physiological Methods for Improved Bioprocesses, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria.,Research Division Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Slouka
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Mechanistic and Physiological Methods for Improved Bioprocesses, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria
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Pekarsky A, Konopek V, Spadiut O. The impact of technical failures during cultivation of an inclusion body process. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2019; 42:1611-1624. [PMID: 31267174 PMCID: PMC6751153 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-019-02158-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In biotechnological processes, technical failures in the upstream process often lead to batch loss. It is of great interest to investigate the empirical impact of technical failures to understand and mitigate their impact accurately and reduce economic damage. We investigated the impact in the upstream and downstream of a recombinant antibody fragment inclusion body production process chain to provide integrated empirical data and knowledge. First, we provided a reproducible process chain that yielded high inclusion body content, high specific product titer, and a refolding yield of 30%. The inclusion body downstream proved to be of high reproducibility. Through the intended introduction of technical failures, we were not only able to shed more light on the empirical responses in the upstream and downstream, but also on process-boosting parameters that would have been neglected. Herein, a short increase in temperature during the cultivation clearly increased the refolding yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Pekarsky
- Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Research Area Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Wien, Gumpendorfer Strasse 1a, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Vanessa Konopek
- Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Research Area Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Wien, Gumpendorfer Strasse 1a, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Oliver Spadiut
- Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Research Area Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Wien, Gumpendorfer Strasse 1a, 1060 Vienna, Austria
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Special Issue: Recombinant Protein Expression in Microorganisms. Microorganisms 2019; 7:microorganisms7090355. [PMID: 31527389 PMCID: PMC6781282 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7090355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms are widely used in industrial biotechnology as cell factories for the sustainable production of a wide range of compounds and chemicals [...].
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