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de Melo Tavares R, Sereno MJ, Nunes da Cruz Encide Sampaio A, Pereira JG, Bersot LDS, Yamatogi RS, Call DR, Nero LA. Characterization of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli from different cattle production systems in Brazil. Food Microbiol 2024; 121:104508. [PMID: 38637072 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2024.104508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Diarrheagenic E. coli (DEC) can cause severe diarrhea and is a public health concern worldwide. Cattle are an important reservoir for this group of pathogens, and once introduced into the abattoir environment, these microorganisms can contaminate consumer products. This study aimed to characterize the distribution of DEC [Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC), enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC), enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), and enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC)] from extensive and intensive cattle production systems in Brazil. Samples (n = 919) were collected from animal feces (n = 200), carcasses (n = 600), meat cuts (n = 90), employee feces (n = 9), and slaughterhouse water (n = 20). Virulence genes were detected by PCR in 10% of animal samples (94/919), with STEC (n = 81) as the higher prevalence, followed by EIEC (n = 8), and lastly EPEC (n = 5). Animals raised in an extensive system had a higher prevalence of STEC (average 48%, sd = 2.04) when compared to animals raised in an intensive system (23%, sd = 1.95) (Chi-square test, P < 0.001). From these animals, most STEC isolates only harbored stx2 (58%), and 7% were STEC LEE-positive isolates that were further identified as O157:H7. This study provides further evidence that cattle are potential sources of DEC, especially STEC, and that potentially pathogenic E. coli isolates are widely distributed in feces and carcasses during the slaughter process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela de Melo Tavares
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Veterinária, Laboratório de Inspeção de Produtos de Origem Animal (InsPOA), Av. PH Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, 36570-900, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Mallu Jagnow Sereno
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Veterinária, Laboratório de Inspeção de Produtos de Origem Animal (InsPOA), Av. PH Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, 36570-900, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Aryele Nunes da Cruz Encide Sampaio
- Universidade Estadual de São Paulo (UNESP), Botucatu Campus, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Distrito de Rubião Jr, SN, 18618-970, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliano Gonçalves Pereira
- Universidade Estadual de São Paulo (UNESP), Botucatu Campus, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Distrito de Rubião Jr, SN, 18618-970, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciano Dos Santos Bersot
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Palotina Campus, Departamento de Ciências Veterinárias, Rua Pioneiro, 2153, Jardim Dallas, 85950-000, Palotina, PR, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Seiti Yamatogi
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Veterinária, Laboratório de Inspeção de Produtos de Origem Animal (InsPOA), Av. PH Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, 36570-900, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Douglas Ruben Call
- Paul G. Allen School for Global Health, Washington State University, 240 SE Ott Road, PO Box 647090, 99164-7090, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Luís Augusto Nero
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Veterinária, Laboratório de Inspeção de Produtos de Origem Animal (InsPOA), Av. PH Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, 36570-900, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
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Usein CR, Oprea M, Dinu S, Popa LI, Cristea D, Militaru CM, Ghiță A, Costin M, Popa IL, Croitoru A, Bologa C, Rusu LC. Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Strains from Romania: A Whole Genome-Based Description. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1469. [PMID: 39065242 PMCID: PMC11278934 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12071469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The zoonotic Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) group is unanimously regarded as exceptionally hazardous for humans. This study aimed to provide a genomic perspective on the STEC recovered sporadically from humans and have a foundation of internationally comparable data. Fifty clinical STEC isolates, representing the culture-confirmed infections reported by the STEC Reference Laboratory between 2016 and 2023, were subjected to whole-genome sequencing (WGS) analysis and sequences were interpreted using both commercial and public free bioinformatics tools. The WGS analysis revealed a genetically diverse population of STEC dominated by non-O157 serogroups commonly reported in human STEC infections in the European Union. The O26:H11 strains of ST21 lineage played a major role in the clinical disease resulting in hospitalisation and cases of paediatric HUS in Romania surpassing the O157:H7 strains. The latter were all clade 7 and mostly ST1804. Notably, among the Romanian isolates was a stx2a-harbouring cryptic clade I strain associated with a HUS case, stx2f- and stx2e-positive strains, and hybrid strains displaying a mixture of intestinal and extraintestinal virulence genes were found. As a clearer picture emerges of the STEC strains responsible for infections in Romania, further surveillance efforts are needed to uncover their prevalence, sources, and reservoirs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Codruța-Romanița Usein
- Cantacuzino National Military Medical Institute of Research and Development, 050096 Bucharest, Romania; (M.O.); (S.D.); (L.-I.P.); (D.C.); (C.-M.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Mihaela Oprea
- Cantacuzino National Military Medical Institute of Research and Development, 050096 Bucharest, Romania; (M.O.); (S.D.); (L.-I.P.); (D.C.); (C.-M.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Sorin Dinu
- Cantacuzino National Military Medical Institute of Research and Development, 050096 Bucharest, Romania; (M.O.); (S.D.); (L.-I.P.); (D.C.); (C.-M.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Laura-Ioana Popa
- Cantacuzino National Military Medical Institute of Research and Development, 050096 Bucharest, Romania; (M.O.); (S.D.); (L.-I.P.); (D.C.); (C.-M.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Daniela Cristea
- Cantacuzino National Military Medical Institute of Research and Development, 050096 Bucharest, Romania; (M.O.); (S.D.); (L.-I.P.); (D.C.); (C.-M.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Cornelia-Mădălina Militaru
- Cantacuzino National Military Medical Institute of Research and Development, 050096 Bucharest, Romania; (M.O.); (S.D.); (L.-I.P.); (D.C.); (C.-M.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Andreea Ghiță
- Cantacuzino National Military Medical Institute of Research and Development, 050096 Bucharest, Romania; (M.O.); (S.D.); (L.-I.P.); (D.C.); (C.-M.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Mariana Costin
- Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children “M.S. Curie”, 041451 Bucharest, Romania; (M.C.); (I.-L.P.); (A.C.); (C.B.)
- Discipline Pediatrics—Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children M.S. Curie, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila” Bucharest, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ionela-Loredana Popa
- Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children “M.S. Curie”, 041451 Bucharest, Romania; (M.C.); (I.-L.P.); (A.C.); (C.B.)
- Discipline Pediatrics—Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children M.S. Curie, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila” Bucharest, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anca Croitoru
- Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children “M.S. Curie”, 041451 Bucharest, Romania; (M.C.); (I.-L.P.); (A.C.); (C.B.)
- Discipline Pediatrics—Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children M.S. Curie, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila” Bucharest, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristina Bologa
- Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children “M.S. Curie”, 041451 Bucharest, Romania; (M.C.); (I.-L.P.); (A.C.); (C.B.)
| | - Lavinia-Cipriana Rusu
- National Centre for Communicable Diseases Prevention and Control, National Public Health Institute, 050463 Bucharest, Romania;
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Jiang X, Zhang Y, Nychas GJE, Zhu L, Mao Y, Li K, Yang X, Luo X, Dong P. Study of the transfer of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli during the slaughter of cattle using molecular typing combined with epidemiologic data. Meat Sci 2024; 208:109378. [PMID: 37952270 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2023.109378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Investigation on the distribution and biological characteristics of Shiga-toxin producing Escherichia coli (STEC) during beef processing is essential for in-plant critical control points and food safety risk assessment. Serogroups and subtypes of stx genes of STEC strains isolated from beef processing lines were first investigated. Identification to cross-contamination among different sampling sites was further conducted by combining multilocus sequence typing (MLST) with the previous distribution and characterization data. The PCR-positive rate for STEC in 435 samples from two slaughter plants in China was 14.3% and the isolation rate for the 62 PCR positive and the entire set of 435 samples were 26% and 3.68% respectively. The existence of serotype O157:H7 (33%) and serogroups O121 (42%) and O26 (21%) as well as the high detection rate of high pathogenic gene stx2a (68%) in these serogroups indicated potential risk to the safety of beef. Traceability analysis showed that hide plays a critical role in cross-contamination between feces, lairage pens and post-washing carcasses from a molecular perspective. Intervening measures revolves around de-hiding should be involved in the in-plant safety control policy according to the tracing analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqing Jiang
- Laboratory of Beef Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China; National R&D Center for Beef Processing Technology, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Yimin Zhang
- Laboratory of Beef Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China; National R&D Center for Beef Processing Technology, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China.
| | - George-John E Nychas
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Biotechnology of Foods, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, Athens 11855, Greece
| | - Lixian Zhu
- Laboratory of Beef Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China; National R&D Center for Beef Processing Technology, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Yanwei Mao
- Laboratory of Beef Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China; National R&D Center for Beef Processing Technology, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Ke Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Food Quality and Safety Control, College of Food and Bioengineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Xiaoyin Yang
- Laboratory of Beef Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China; National R&D Center for Beef Processing Technology, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Xin Luo
- Laboratory of Beef Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China; National R&D Center for Beef Processing Technology, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Pengcheng Dong
- Laboratory of Beef Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China; National R&D Center for Beef Processing Technology, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China.
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Tabaran A, Soulageon V, Chirila F, Reget OL, Mihaiu M, Borzan M, Dan SD. Pathogenic E. coli from Cattle as a Reservoir of Resistance Genes to Various Groups of Antibiotics. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11030404. [PMID: 35326867 PMCID: PMC8944818 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11030404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance has become a worldwide concern in all public health domains and reducing the spread has become a global priority. Pathogenic E. coli is responsible for a number of illnesses in humans and outbreaks in the past have been correlated with the consumption of contaminated bovine products. This is why surveillance in all the steps of production is essential. This study focused on identifying the pathogenic strains of E. coli in two large bovine abattoirs from Romania and France, and on associating them with the antimicrobial resistance patterns. A total of 250 samples from intestinal content were aseptically collected during the evisceration step of the cattle slaughtering process, from which 242 E. coli strains were isolated. Seventeen percent of all samples tested positive to at least one E. coli isolate carrying eaeA, stx1 and stx2 genes. The most prevalent genetic profile found in the E. coli strains tested was Stx1-positive and Stx2/eaeA-negative. More than 68% of the pathogenic E. coli isolated in Romania showed multi-drug resistance (MDR) and in France, the percentage was significantly lower (38%). The MDR profiles showed a high gene diversity for antibiotic resistance, which represents a great risk for environmental spread and human health. Our results indicate that in Romania, bovines can represent a reservoir for MDR E. coli and, hence, a surveillance system for antimicrobials usage in farm animals is highly needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Tabaran
- Animal Breeding and Food Safety Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Manastur Street No. 3/5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (V.S.); (O.L.R.); (M.M.); (M.B.); (S.D.D.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Virginie Soulageon
- Animal Breeding and Food Safety Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Manastur Street No. 3/5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (V.S.); (O.L.R.); (M.M.); (M.B.); (S.D.D.)
| | - Flore Chirila
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Manastur Street No. 3/5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Oana Lucia Reget
- Animal Breeding and Food Safety Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Manastur Street No. 3/5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (V.S.); (O.L.R.); (M.M.); (M.B.); (S.D.D.)
| | - Marian Mihaiu
- Animal Breeding and Food Safety Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Manastur Street No. 3/5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (V.S.); (O.L.R.); (M.M.); (M.B.); (S.D.D.)
| | - Mihai Borzan
- Animal Breeding and Food Safety Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Manastur Street No. 3/5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (V.S.); (O.L.R.); (M.M.); (M.B.); (S.D.D.)
| | - Sorin Daniel Dan
- Animal Breeding and Food Safety Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Manastur Street No. 3/5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (V.S.); (O.L.R.); (M.M.); (M.B.); (S.D.D.)
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Carbonari CC, Miliwebsky ES, Zolezzi G, Deza NL, Fittipaldi N, Manfredi E, Baschkier A, D’Astek BA, Melano RG, Schesi C, Rivas M, Chinen I. The Importance of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli O145:NM[H28]/H28 Infections in Argentina, 1998–2020. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10030582. [PMID: 35336157 PMCID: PMC8950694 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10030582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) is known as a pathogen associated with food-borne diseases. The STEC O145 serogroup has been related with acute watery diarrhea, bloody diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis, and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). Argentina has the highest rate of HUS worldwide with 70% of the cases associated with STEC infections. We aimed to describe the epidemiology and genetic diversity of STEC O145 strains isolated across Argentina between 1998–2020. The strains isolated from 543 cases of human disease and four cattle, were pheno-genotipically characterized. Sequencing of five strains was performed. The strains were serotyped as O145:NM[H28]/H28, O145:H25, and O145:HNT, and mainly characterized as O145:NM[H28]/stx2a/eae/ehxA (98.1%). The results obtained by sequencing were consistent with those obtained by traditional methods and additional genes involved in different mechanisms of the pathogen were observed. In this study, we confirmed that STEC O145 strains are the second serogroup after O157 and represent 20.3% of HUS cases in Argentina. The frequency of STEC O145 and other significant serogroups is of utmost importance for public health in the country. This study encourages the improvement of the surveillance system to prevent severe cases of human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Carolina Carbonari
- Servicio Fisiopatogenia, Departamento Bacteriología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas-ANLIS “Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán”, Buenos Aires 1282, Argentina; (E.S.M.); (G.Z.); (N.L.D.); (E.M.); (A.B.); (B.A.D.); (C.S.); (M.R.); (I.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Elizabeth Sandra Miliwebsky
- Servicio Fisiopatogenia, Departamento Bacteriología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas-ANLIS “Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán”, Buenos Aires 1282, Argentina; (E.S.M.); (G.Z.); (N.L.D.); (E.M.); (A.B.); (B.A.D.); (C.S.); (M.R.); (I.C.)
| | - Gisela Zolezzi
- Servicio Fisiopatogenia, Departamento Bacteriología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas-ANLIS “Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán”, Buenos Aires 1282, Argentina; (E.S.M.); (G.Z.); (N.L.D.); (E.M.); (A.B.); (B.A.D.); (C.S.); (M.R.); (I.C.)
| | - Natalia Lorena Deza
- Servicio Fisiopatogenia, Departamento Bacteriología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas-ANLIS “Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán”, Buenos Aires 1282, Argentina; (E.S.M.); (G.Z.); (N.L.D.); (E.M.); (A.B.); (B.A.D.); (C.S.); (M.R.); (I.C.)
| | - Nahuel Fittipaldi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada;
| | - Eduardo Manfredi
- Servicio Fisiopatogenia, Departamento Bacteriología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas-ANLIS “Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán”, Buenos Aires 1282, Argentina; (E.S.M.); (G.Z.); (N.L.D.); (E.M.); (A.B.); (B.A.D.); (C.S.); (M.R.); (I.C.)
| | - Ariela Baschkier
- Servicio Fisiopatogenia, Departamento Bacteriología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas-ANLIS “Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán”, Buenos Aires 1282, Argentina; (E.S.M.); (G.Z.); (N.L.D.); (E.M.); (A.B.); (B.A.D.); (C.S.); (M.R.); (I.C.)
| | - Beatriz Alejandra D’Astek
- Servicio Fisiopatogenia, Departamento Bacteriología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas-ANLIS “Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán”, Buenos Aires 1282, Argentina; (E.S.M.); (G.Z.); (N.L.D.); (E.M.); (A.B.); (B.A.D.); (C.S.); (M.R.); (I.C.)
| | - Roberto Gustavo Melano
- Public Health Ontario, Toronto Laboratories, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada;
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Carla Schesi
- Servicio Fisiopatogenia, Departamento Bacteriología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas-ANLIS “Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán”, Buenos Aires 1282, Argentina; (E.S.M.); (G.Z.); (N.L.D.); (E.M.); (A.B.); (B.A.D.); (C.S.); (M.R.); (I.C.)
| | - Marta Rivas
- Servicio Fisiopatogenia, Departamento Bacteriología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas-ANLIS “Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán”, Buenos Aires 1282, Argentina; (E.S.M.); (G.Z.); (N.L.D.); (E.M.); (A.B.); (B.A.D.); (C.S.); (M.R.); (I.C.)
| | - Isabel Chinen
- Servicio Fisiopatogenia, Departamento Bacteriología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas-ANLIS “Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán”, Buenos Aires 1282, Argentina; (E.S.M.); (G.Z.); (N.L.D.); (E.M.); (A.B.); (B.A.D.); (C.S.); (M.R.); (I.C.)
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Elsayed MSAE, Eldsouky SM, Roshdy T, Bayoume AMA, Nasr GM, Salama ASA, Akl BA, Hasan AS, Shahat AK, Khashaba RA, Abdelhalim WA, Nasr HE, Mohammed LA, Salah A. Genetic and antimicrobial resistance profiles of non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli from different sources in Egypt. BMC Microbiol 2021; 21:257. [PMID: 34556033 PMCID: PMC8461963 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-021-02308-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) represented a great risk to public health. In this study, 60 STEC strains recovered from broiler and duck fecal samples, cow's milk, cattle beef, human urine, and ear discharge were screened for 12 virulence genes, phenotypic and genotypic antimicrobial resistance, and multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA). RESULTS The majority of strains harbored Shiga toxin 1 (stx1) and stx1d, stx2 and stx2e, and ehxA genes, while a minority harbored stx2c subtype and eaeA. We identified 10 stx gene combinations; most of strains 31/60 (51.7%) exhibited four copies of stx genes, namely the stx1, stx1d, stx2, and stx2e, and the strains exhibited a high range of multiple antimicrobial resistance indices. The resistance genes blaCTX-M-1 and blaTEM were detected. For the oxytetracycline resistance genes, most of strains contained tetA, tetB, tetE, and tetG while the tetC was present at low frequency. MLVA genotyping resolved 26 unique genotypes; genotype 21 was highly prevalent. The six highly discriminatory loci DI = 0.9138 are suitable for the preliminary genotyping of STEC from animals and humans. CONCLUSIONS The STEC isolated from animals are virulent, resistant to antimicrobials, and genetically diverse, thus demands greater attention for the potential risk to human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Sabry Abd Elraheam Elsayed
- Department of Bacteriology, Mycology, and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Menoufia, Egypt.
| | - Samah Mahmoud Eldsouky
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Tamer Roshdy
- Department of Molecular Biology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Abeer Mohamed Ahmed Bayoume
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Ghada M Nasr
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Menoufia, 32897, Egypt
| | - Ali S A Salama
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Behiry A Akl
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Al Shaimaa Hasan
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Qena Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Amany Kasem Shahat
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Rana Atef Khashaba
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Chemistry, Benha Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | | | - Hend E Nasr
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | | | - Ahmed Salah
- Department of Molecular Biology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Menoufia, Egypt
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de Lira DRP, Cavalcanti AMF, Pinheiro SRS, Orsi H, Dos Santos LF, Hernandes RT. Identification of a hybrid atypical enteropathogenic and enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (aEPEC/EAEC) clone of serotype O3:H2 associated with a diarrheal outbreak in Brazil. Braz J Microbiol 2021; 52:2075-2079. [PMID: 34448133 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-021-00580-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Enteropathogenic (EPEC) and enteroaggregative (EAEC) Escherichia coli are two of the major pathotypes of diarrheagenic E. coli causing disease worldwide. Here, we report a diarrheal outbreak caused by E. coli of serotype O3:H2, harboring virulence markers from EPEC (eae) and/or EAEC (aggR). This is likely the first E. coli diarrheal outbreak caused by a hybrid atypical-EPEC/EAEC clone reported in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiany R P de Lira
- Departamento de Ciências Químicas e Biológicas (Setor de Microbiologia e Imunologia), Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), SP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | | | | | - Henrique Orsi
- Departamento de Ciências Químicas e Biológicas (Setor de Microbiologia e Imunologia), Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), SP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Luís F Dos Santos
- Centro de Bacteriologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo T Hernandes
- Departamento de Ciências Químicas e Biológicas (Setor de Microbiologia e Imunologia), Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), SP, Botucatu, Brazil.
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Shan S, Huang Y, Huang Z, Long Z, Liu C, Zhao X, Xing K, Xiao X, Liu J, Huang Y, Lai W, Liu D. Detection of stx1 and stx2 and subtyping of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli using asymmetric PCR combined with lateral flow immunoassay. Food Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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9
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Galarce N, Sánchez F, Escobar B, Lapierre L, Cornejo J, Alegría-Morán R, Neira V, Martínez V, Johnson T, Fuentes-Castillo D, Sano E, Lincopan N. Genomic Epidemiology of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated from the Livestock-Food-Human Interface in South America. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11071845. [PMID: 34206206 PMCID: PMC8300192 DOI: 10.3390/ani11071845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are zoonotic pathogens that cause food-borne diseases in humans, where cattle and derived products play a key role as reservoirs and vehicles. We analyzed the genomic data of STEC strains circulating at the livestock-food-human interface in South America, extracting clinically and epidemiologically relevant information (serotypes, virulome, resistance genes, sequence types, and phylogenomics). This study included 130 STEC genomes obtained from cattle (n = 51), beef (n = 48), and human (n = 31) samples. The successful expansion of O157:H7 (ST11) and non-O157 (ST16, ST21, ST223, ST443, ST677, ST679, ST2388) clones is highlighted, suggesting common activities, such as multilateral trade and travel. Circulating STEC strains analyzed exhibit high genomic diversity and harbor several genetic determinants associated with severe illness in humans, highlighting the need to establish official surveillance of this pathogen that should be focused on detecting molecular determinants of virulence and clonal relatedness, in the whole beef production chain. Abstract Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are zoonotic pathogens responsible for causing food-borne diseases in humans. While South America has the highest incidence of human STEC infections, information about the genomic characteristics of the circulating strains is scarce. The aim of this study was to analyze genomic data of STEC strains isolated in South America from cattle, beef, and humans; predicting the antibiotic resistome, serotypes, sequence types (STs), clonal complexes (CCs) and phylogenomic backgrounds. A total of 130 whole genome sequences of STEC strains were analyzed, where 39.2% were isolated from cattle, 36.9% from beef, and 23.8% from humans. The ST11 was the most predicted (20.8%) and included O-:H7 (10.8%) and O157:H7 (10%) serotypes. The successful expansion of non-O157 clones such as ST16/CC29-O111:H8 and ST21/CC29-O26:H11 is highlighted, suggesting multilateral trade and travel. Virulome analyses showed that the predominant stx subtype was stx2a (54.6%); most strains carried ehaA (96.2%), iha (91.5%) and lpfA (77.7%) genes. We present genomic data that can be used to support the surveillance of STEC strains circulating at the livestock-food-human interface in South America, in order to control the spread of critical clones “from farm to table”.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Galarce
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile; (F.S.); (B.E.); (L.L.); (J.C.); (R.A.-M.); (V.N.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Fernando Sánchez
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile; (F.S.); (B.E.); (L.L.); (J.C.); (R.A.-M.); (V.N.)
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Silvoagropecuarias y Veterinarias, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile
| | - Beatriz Escobar
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile; (F.S.); (B.E.); (L.L.); (J.C.); (R.A.-M.); (V.N.)
| | - Lisette Lapierre
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile; (F.S.); (B.E.); (L.L.); (J.C.); (R.A.-M.); (V.N.)
| | - Javiera Cornejo
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile; (F.S.); (B.E.); (L.L.); (J.C.); (R.A.-M.); (V.N.)
| | - Raúl Alegría-Morán
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile; (F.S.); (B.E.); (L.L.); (J.C.); (R.A.-M.); (V.N.)
- Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Ambientales, Universidad Pedro de Valdivia, Santiago 8370007, Chile
| | - Víctor Neira
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile; (F.S.); (B.E.); (L.L.); (J.C.); (R.A.-M.); (V.N.)
| | - Víctor Martínez
- Departamento de Fomento de la Producción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile;
| | - Timothy Johnson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA;
| | - Danny Fuentes-Castillo
- Departamento de Patología, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-270, Brazil;
| | - Elder Sano
- Departamento de Microbiología, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil; (E.S.); (N.L.)
| | - Nilton Lincopan
- Departamento de Microbiología, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil; (E.S.); (N.L.)
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10
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Spano LC, Guerrieri CG, Volpini LPB, Schuenck RP, Goulart JP, Boina E, Recco CRN, Ribeiro-Rodrigues R, Dos Santos LF, Fumian TM. EHEC O111:H8 strain and norovirus GII.4 Sydney [P16] causing an outbreak in a daycare center, Brazil, 2019. BMC Microbiol 2021; 21:95. [PMID: 33781202 PMCID: PMC8008580 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-021-02161-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study describes the investigation of an outbreak of diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis (HC), and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) at a daycare center in southeastern Brazil, involving fourteen children, six staff members, six family members, and one nurse. All bacterial and viral pathogens detected were genetically characterized. Results Two isolates of a strain of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) serotype O111:H8 were recovered, one implicated in a case of HUS and the other in a case of uncomplicated diarrhea. These isolates had a clonal relationship of 94% and carried the stx2a and eae virulence genes and the OI-122 pathogenicity island. The EHEC strain was determined to be a single-locus variant of sequence type (ST) 327. EHEC isolates were resistant to ofloxacin, doxycycline, tetracycline, ampicillin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and intermediately resistant to levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin. Rotavirus was not detected in any samples, and norovirus was detected in 46.7% (14/30) of the stool samples, three of which were from asymptomatic staff members. The noroviruses were classified as the recombinant GII.4 Sydney [P16] by gene sequencing. Conclusion In this outbreak, it was possible to identify an uncommon stx2a + EHEC O111:H8 strain, and the most recent pandemic norovirus strain GII.4 Sydney [P16]. Our findings reinforce the need for surveillance and diagnosis of multiple enteric pathogens by public health authorities, especially during outbreaks. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12866-021-02161-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Cruz Spano
- Department of Pathology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil.
| | | | - Lays Paula Bondi Volpini
- Department of Pathology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Pinto Schuenck
- Department of Pathology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | | | - Elizabeth Boina
- State Health Secretariat, Central Public Health Laboratory, Vitoria, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | | | - Rodrigo Ribeiro-Rodrigues
- Department of Pathology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil.,State Health Secretariat, Central Public Health Laboratory, Vitoria, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Luís Fernando Dos Santos
- Adolfo Lutz Institute, Centre of Bacteriology, National Reference Laboratory for Escherichia coli Enteric Infections, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tulio Machado Fumian
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Moxley RA. Special Issue: Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli. Microorganisms 2020; 9:E1. [PMID: 33374893 PMCID: PMC7821914 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) is an important cause of diarrheal disease, most notably hemorrhagic colitis, and post-diarrheal sequela, such as hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodney A Moxley
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583-0905, USA
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12
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Virulence Characteristics and Antibiotic Resistance Profiles of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Isolates from Diverse Sources. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9090587. [PMID: 32911679 PMCID: PMC7559023 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9090587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) is an enteric pathogen that causes several gastrointestinal ailments in humans across the world. STEC’s ability to cause ailment is attributed to the presence of a broad range of known and putative virulence factors (VFs) including those that encode Shiga toxins. A total of 51 E. coli strains belonging to serogroups O26, O45, O103, O104, O113, O121, O145, and O157 were tested for the presence of nine VFs via PCR and for their susceptibility to 17 frequently used antibiotics using the disc diffusion method. The isolates belonged to eight different serotypes, including eight O serogroups and 12 H types. The frequency of the presence of key VFs were stx1 (76.47%), stx2 (86.27%), eae (100%), ehxA (98.03%), nleA (100%), ureC (94.11%), iha (96.07%), subA (9.80%), and saa (94.11%) in the E. coli strains. All E. coli strains carried seven or more distinct VFs and, among these, four isolates harbored all tested VFs. In addition, all E. coli strains had a high degree of antibiotic resistance and were multidrug resistant (MDR). These results show a high incidence frequency of VFs and heterogeneity of VFs and MDR profiles of E. coli strains. Moreover, half of the E. coli isolates (74.5%) were resistant to > 9 classes of antibiotics (more than 50% of the tested antibiotics). Thus, our findings highlight the importance of appropriate epidemiological and microbiological surveillance and control measures to prevent STEC disease in humans worldwide.
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