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Rosa CA, Lachance MA, Limtong S, Santos ARO, Landell MF, Gombert AK, Morais PB, Sampaio JP, Gonçalves C, Gonçalves P, Góes-Neto A, Santa-Brígida R, Martins MB, Janzen DH, Hallwachs W. Yeasts from tropical forests: Biodiversity, ecological interactions, and as sources of bioinnovation. Yeast 2023; 40:511-539. [PMID: 37921426 DOI: 10.1002/yea.3903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Tropical rainforests and related biomes are found in Asia, Australia, Africa, Central and South America, Mexico, and many Pacific Islands. These biomes encompass less than 20% of Earth's terrestrial area, may contain about 50% of the planet's biodiversity, and are endangered regions vulnerable to deforestation. Tropical rainforests have a great diversity of substrates that can be colonized by yeasts. These unicellular fungi contribute to the recycling of organic matter, may serve as a food source for other organisms, or have ecological interactions that benefit or harm plants, animals, and other fungi. In this review, we summarize the most important studies of yeast biodiversity carried out in these biomes, as well as new data, and discuss the ecology of yeast genera frequently isolated from tropical forests and the potential of these microorganisms as a source of bioinnovation. We show that tropical forest biomes represent a tremendous source of new yeast species. Although many studies, most using culture-dependent methods, have already been carried out in Central America, South America, and Asia, the tropical forest biomes of Africa and Australasia remain an underexplored source of novel yeasts. We hope that this review will encourage new researchers to study yeasts in unexplored tropical forest habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Rosa
- Departamento de Microbiologia, ICB, C.P. 486, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marc-André Lachance
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Savitree Limtong
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Biodiversity Center Kasetsart University, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Academy of Science, Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ana R O Santos
- Departamento de Microbiologia, ICB, C.P. 486, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Melissa F Landell
- Setor de Genética, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Andreas K Gombert
- Department of Engineering and Food Technology, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paula B Morais
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Ambiental e Biotecnologia, Campus de Palmas, Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Palmas, Tocantins, Brazil
| | - José P Sampaio
- UCIBIO-i4HB, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Carla Gonçalves
- UCIBIO-i4HB, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Paula Gonçalves
- UCIBIO-i4HB, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Aristóteles Góes-Neto
- Departamento de Microbiologia, ICB, C.P. 486, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Daniel H Janzen
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Winnie Hallwachs
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Chen Y, Xi J, Xiao M, Wang S, Chen W, Liu F, Shao Y, Yuan Z. Soil fungal communities show more specificity than bacteria for plant species composition in a temperate forest in China. BMC Microbiol 2022; 22:208. [PMID: 36042394 PMCID: PMC9426227 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-022-02591-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Soil microbiome is an important part of the forest ecosystem and participates in forest ecological restoration and reconstruction. Niche differentiation with respect to resources is a prominent hypothesis to account for the maintenance of species diversity in forest ecosystems. Resource-based niche differentiation has driven ecological specialization. Plants influence soil microbial diversity and distribution by affecting the soil environment. However, with the change in plant population type, whether the distribution of soil microbes is random or follows an ecologically specialized manner remains to be further studied. We characterized the soil microbiome (bacteria and fungi) in different plant populations to assess the effects of phytophysiognomy on the distribution patterns of soil microbial communities in a temperate forest in China. Results Our results showed that the distribution of most soil microbes in different types of plant populations is not random but specialized in these temperate forests. The distribution patterns of bacteria and fungi were related to the composition of plant communities. Fungal species (32%) showed higher specialization than bacterial species (15%) for different types of plant populations. Light was the main driving factor of the fungal community, and soil physicochemical factors were the main driving factor of the bacterial community. Conclusion These findings suggest that ecological specialization is important in maintaining local diversity in soil microbial communities in this forest. Fungi are more specialized than bacteria in the face of changes in plant population types. Changes in plant community composition could have important effects on soil microbial communities by potentially influencing the stability and stress resistance of forest ecosystems. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12866-022-02591-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, No.63 Agricultural Road, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.,Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China.,Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of Forest Ecosystem in the North-South Transition Zone of Funiu Mountain, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Jingjing Xi
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, No.63 Agricultural Road, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Man Xiao
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, No.63 Agricultural Road, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Senlin Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, No.63 Agricultural Road, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Wenju Chen
- College of Resources and Environment Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, No.63 Agricultural Road, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Fengqin Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, No.63 Agricultural Road, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yizhen Shao
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, No.63 Agricultural Road, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
| | - Zhiliang Yuan
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, No.63 Agricultural Road, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
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Samarasinghe H, Lu Y, Aljohani R, Al-Amad A, Yoell H, Xu J. Global patterns in culturable soil yeast diversity. iScience 2021; 24:103098. [PMID: 34622153 PMCID: PMC8479693 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Yeasts, broadly defined as unicellular fungi, fulfill essential roles in soil ecosystems as decomposers and nutrition sources for fellow soil-dwellers. Broad-scale investigations of soil yeasts pose a methodological challenge as metagenomics are of limited use for identifying this group of fungi. Here we characterize global soil yeast diversity using fungal DNA barcoding on 1473 yeasts cultured from 3826 soil samples obtained from nine countries in six continents. We identify mean annual precipitation and international air travel as two significant correlates with soil yeast community structure and composition worldwide. Evidence for anthropogenic influences on soil yeast communities, directly via travel and indirectly via altered rainfall patterns resulting from climate change, is concerning as we found common infectious yeasts frequently distributed in soil in several countries. Our discovery of 41 putative novel species highlights the continued need for culture-based studies to advance our knowledge of environmental yeast diversity. Mean annual rainfall is a positive predictor of global soil yeast diversity International travel predicts number of shared yeast species between countries 41 novel yeast species were discovered from soils in eight countries Continued culture-based studies are needed to investigate soil yeast populations
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Renad Aljohani
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Infectious Diseases, South Kensington Campus, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Ahmad Al-Amad
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Heather Yoell
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jianping Xu
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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