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Koirala R, Fongsaran C, Poston T, Rogge M, Rogers B, Thune R, Dubytska L. Edwardsiella ictaluri T3SS effector EseN is a phosphothreonine lyase that inactivates ERK1/2, p38, JNK, and PDK1 and modulates cell death in infected macrophages. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0300323. [PMID: 37796003 PMCID: PMC10714789 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03003-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE This work has global significance in the catfish industry, which provides food for increasing global populations. E. ictaluri is a leading cause of disease loss, and EseN is an important player in E. ictaluri virulence. The E. ictaluri T3SS effector EseN plays an essential role in establishing infection, but the specific role EseN plays is not well characterized. EseN belongs to a family of phosphothreonine lyase effectors that specifically target host mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways important in regulating host responses to infection. No phosphothreonine lyase equivalents are known in eukaryotes, making this family of effectors an attractive target for indirect narrow-spectrum antibiotics. Targeting of major vault protein and PDK1 kinase by EseN has not been reported in EseN homologs in other pathogens and may indicate unique functions of E. ictaluri EseN. EseN targeting of PDK1 is particularly interesting in that it is linked to an extraordinarily diverse group of cellular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjan Koirala
- Department of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, Southern University and A & M College, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Chanida Fongsaran
- Department of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, Southern University and A & M College, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Tanisha Poston
- Department of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, Southern University and A & M College, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Matthew Rogge
- Department of Biology, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point, Stevens Point, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Bryan Rogers
- Department of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, Southern University and A & M College, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Ronald Thune
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Lidiya Dubytska
- Department of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, Southern University and A & M College, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
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Lange MD, Churchman EM, Wise AL, Bruce TJ. A recombinant 9E1 monoclonal antibody binds membrane and soluble channel catfish immunoglobulin M. FISH AND SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY REPORTS 2023; 4:100086. [PMID: 36895760 PMCID: PMC9988478 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsirep.2023.100086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The development and validation of the recombinant 9E1 monoclonal antibody against channel catfish IgM is described. The variable heavy and light chain domains of the 9E1 hybridoma were cloned into murine IgG1 and IgK expression vectors. These expression plasmids were co-transfected into 293F cells and mature IgG was purified from culture supernatant. It is demonstrated that the recombinant 9E1 monoclonal antibody binds to soluble IgM in ELISA and ELISPOT assays and to membrane-bound IgM by immunofluorescence with different B-cell types. The recombinant 9E1 monoclonal antibody will be a valuable tool in the continued examination of the channel catfish adaptive immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miles D Lange
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Aquatic Animal Health Research Unit, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Emily M Churchman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Allison L Wise
- School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Timothy J Bruce
- School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
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Special Issue: Type III Secretion Systems in Human/Animal Pathogenic Bacteria. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10071461. [PMID: 35889180 PMCID: PMC9319260 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10071461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
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Liu YL, He TT, Jiang XL, Sun SS, Wang LK, Nie P, Xie HX. Development of a hyper-adhesive and attenuated Edwardsiella ictaluri strain as a novel immersion vaccine candidate in yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco). Microb Pathog 2022; 167:105577. [PMID: 35561979 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Edwardsiella ictaluri, a Gram-negative intracellular pathogen, is the causative agent of enteric septicemia in channel catfish, and catfish aquaculture in China suffers heavy economic losses due to E. ictaluri infection. Vaccination is an effective control measure for this disease. In this study, an attenuated E. ictaluri strain was acquired through deletion mutation of the T3SS protein eseJei, and the ΔeseJei strain fails to replicate in the epithelioma papillosum of carp cells. The type 1 fimbria plays a pivotal role in the adhesion of E. ictaluri, and it was found in this study that deletion of -245 to -50 nt upstream of fimA increases its adhesion to around five times that of the WT strain. A hyper-adhesive and highly attenuated double mutant (ΔeseJeiΔfimA-245--50 strain) was constructed, and it was used as a vaccine candidate in yellow catfish via bath immersion at a dosage of 1 × 105 CFU/mL. It was found that this vaccine candidate can stimulate protection when challenged with E. ictaluri HSN-1 at 5 × 107 CFU/mL (∼20 × LD50). The survival rate was 83.61% for the vaccinated group and 33.33% for the sham-vaccinated group. The RPS (relative percent of survival) of the vaccination trial reached 75.41%. In conclusion, the ΔeseJeiΔfimA-245--50 strain developed in this study can be used as a vaccine candidate. It excels in terms of ease of delivery (via bath immersion) and is highly efficient in stimulating protection against E. ictaluri infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Tian Tian He
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiu Long Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shan Shan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Long Kun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Pin Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Hai Xia Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
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