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Collins JB, Stone SA, Koury EJ, Paredes AG, Shao F, Lovato C, Chen M, Shi R, Li AY, Candal I, Al Moutaa K, Moya ND, Andersen EC. Quantitative tests of albendazole resistance in Caenorhabditis elegans beta-tubulin mutants. Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist 2024; 25:100556. [PMID: 38991432 PMCID: PMC11296247 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpddr.2024.100556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Benzimidazole (BZ) anthelmintics are among the most important treatments for parasitic nematode infections in the developing world. Widespread BZ resistance in veterinary parasites and emerging resistance in human parasites raise major concerns for the continued use of BZs. Knowledge of the mechanisms of resistance is necessary to make informed treatment decisions and circumvent resistance. Benzimidazole resistance has traditionally been associated with mutations and natural variants in the C. elegans beta-tubulin gene ben-1 and orthologs in parasitic species. However, variants in ben-1 alone do not explain the differences in BZ responses across parasite populations. Here, we examined the roles of five C. elegans beta-tubulin genes (tbb-1, mec-7, tbb-4, ben-1, and tbb-6) in the BZ response as well as to determine if another beta-tubulin acts redundantly with ben-1. We generated C. elegans strains with a loss of each beta-tubulin gene, as well as strains with a loss of tbb-1, mec-7, tbb-4, or tbb-6 in a genetic background that also lacks ben-1. We found that the loss of ben-1 conferred the maximum level of resistance following exposure to a single concentration of albendazole, and the loss of a second beta-tubulin gene did not alter the level of resistance. However, additional traits other than larval development could be affected by the loss of additional beta-tubulins, and the roles of other beta-tubulin genes might be revealed at different albendazole concentrations. Therefore, further work is needed to fully define the possible roles of other beta-tubulin genes in the BZ response.
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Affiliation(s)
- J B Collins
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Skyler A Stone
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Emily J Koury
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Anna G Paredes
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Fiona Shao
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Crystal Lovato
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Michael Chen
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Richelle Shi
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Anwyn Y Li
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Isa Candal
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Khadija Al Moutaa
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Nicolas D Moya
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Erik C Andersen
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA.
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Collins J, Stone SA, Koury EJ, Paredes AG, Shao F, Lovato C, Chen M, Shi R, Li AY, Candal I, Al Moutaa K, Moya N, Andersen EC. Quantitative tests of albendazole resistance in beta-tubulin mutants. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.11.589070. [PMID: 38665774 PMCID: PMC11044196 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.11.589070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Benzimidazole (BZ) anthelmintics are among the most important treatments for parasitic nematode infections in the developing world. Widespread BZ resistance in veterinary parasites and emerging resistance in human parasites raise major concerns for the continued use of BZs. Knowledge of the mechanisms of resistance is necessary to make informed treatment decisions and circumvent resistance. Benzimidazole resistance has traditionally been associated with mutations and natural variants in the C. elegans beta-tubulin gene ben-1 and orthologs in parasitic species. However, variants in ben-1 alone do not explain the differences in BZ responses across parasite populations. Here, we examine the roles of five C. elegans beta-tubulin genes (tbb-1, mec-7, tbb-4, ben-1, and tbb-6) to identify the role each gene plays in BZ response. We generated C. elegans strains with a loss of each beta-tubulin gene, as well as strains with a loss of tbb-1, mec-7, tbb-4, or tbb-6 in a genetic background that also lacks ben-1 to test beta-tubulin redundancy in BZ response. We found that only the individual loss of ben-1 conferred a substantial level of BZ resistance, although the loss of tbb-1 was found to confer a small benefit in the presence of albendazole (ABZ). The loss of ben-1 was found to confer an almost complete rescue of animal development in the presence of 30 μM ABZ, likely explaining why no additive effects caused by the loss of a second beta-tubulin were observed. We demonstrate that ben-1 is the only beta-tubulin gene in C. elegans where loss confers substantial BZ resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- J.B. Collins
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Skyler A. Stone
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Emily J. Koury
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Anna G. Paredes
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Fiona Shao
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Crystal Lovato
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Michael Chen
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Richelle Shi
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Anwyn Y. Li
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Isa Candal
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Khadija Al Moutaa
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Nicolas Moya
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Erik C. Andersen
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
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Maldonado-Ruiz K, Pedroza-Islas R, Pedraza-Segura L. Blue Biotechnology: Marine Bacteria Bioproducts. Microorganisms 2024; 12:697. [PMID: 38674641 PMCID: PMC11051736 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12040697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The ocean is the habitat of a great number of organisms with different characteristics. Compared to terrestrial microorganisms, marine microorganisms also represent a vast and largely unexplored reservoir of bioactive compounds with diverse industrial applications like terrestrial microorganisms. This review examines the properties and potential applications of products derived from marine microorganisms, including bacteriocins, enzymes, exopolysaccharides, and pigments, juxtaposing them in some cases against their terrestrial counterparts. We discuss the distinct characteristics that set marine-derived products apart, including enhanced stability and unique structural features such as the amount of uronic acid and sulfate groups in exopolysaccharides. Further, we explore the uses of these marine-derived compounds across various industries, ranging from food and pharmaceuticals to cosmetics and biotechnology. This review also presents a broad description of biotechnologically important compounds produced by bacteria isolated from marine environments, some of them with different qualities compared to their terrestrial counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ruth Pedroza-Islas
- Department of Chemical, Industrial and Food Engineering, Universidad Iberoamericana, Prol. Paseo de la Reforma 880, Lomas de Santa Fe, Mexico City 01210, Mexico; (K.M.-R.); (L.P.-S.)
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Cózar-Bernal F, Góngora-Rodríguez J, Ayala-Martínez C, Martín-Vega FJ, Vinolo-Gil MJ, Rodríguez-Huguet M. Intestinal Obstruction for Anisakiasis: Surgical and Physical Therapy Treatment. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4470. [PMID: 37445505 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12134470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Anisakiasis, a zoonotic disease that can lead to small intestine obstruction, has seen a significant rise in Spain. The country has become the first in Europe with an annual incidence of 8000 cases, primarily due to the popularity of consuming exotic dishes of undercooked or raw fish and the impact of climate change. The clinical presentation of anisakiasis can mimic symptoms of acute appendicitis or intestinal obstruction, leading to potential misdiagnosis. This case report describes a 37-year-old patient with no significant medical history who presented abdominal distension and intense pain in the right lower quadrant. The patient underwent surgery and received physiotherapy treatment, including therapeutic exercises and pulsed-pressure myofascial vacuum therapy, to facilitate functional recovery. The increasing incidence of anisakiasis in Spain underscores the need to consider it in the differential diagnosis of digestive diseases, given the high consumption of poorly prepared or raw fish in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Cózar-Bernal
- Servicio de Cirugía Torácica, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, 41009 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Jorge Góngora-Rodríguez
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Cádiz, 11009 Cádiz, Spain
- Department of Physiotherapy, Osuna School University, University of Sevilla, 41640 Sevilla, Spain
| | | | | | - Maria Jesus Vinolo-Gil
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Cádiz, 11009 Cádiz, Spain
- Rehabilitation Clinical Management Unit, Interlevels-Intercenters Hospital Puerta del Mar, Hospital Puerto Real, Cadiz Bay-La Janda Health District, 11006 Cadiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA), Research Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cadiz, 11009 Cadiz, Spain
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Ziarati M, Zorriehzahra MJ, Hassantabar F, Mehrabi Z, Dhawan M, Sharun K, Emran TB, Dhama K, Chaicumpa W, Shamsi S. Zoonotic diseases of fish and their prevention and control. Vet Q 2022; 42:95-118. [PMID: 35635057 PMCID: PMC9397527 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2022.2080298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Fish and aquatic-derived zoonotic diseases have caused considerable problems in the aquaculture industry and fishery worldwide. In particular, zoonotic diseases can pose widespread threats to humans. With the world’s growing population and potential global trade of aquaculture and fish, the risk of environmental contamination and development of fish and aquatic-derived zoonoses in humans are increasing. The important causes of zoonoses include bacteria, parasites, viruses, and fungi. The zoonotic bacterial agents are divided into two main groups: Gram-positive (Mycobacteriaceae, Streptococcaceae, Erysipelothricaceae families) and Gram-negative (Aeromonadaceae, Vibrionaceae, Pseudomondaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, and Hafniaceae families). The premier parasitic agents include cestodes (tapeworm; e.g. Diphyllobothrium spp.), trematodes (fluke; e.g. Opisthorchis spp.), and nematodes (round worm; e.g. Anisakis spp.). In addition, protozoan organisms such as Cryptosporidium spp. are also considered fish-derived zoonotic pathogens. Two groups of fish-associated fungi causing basidiobolomycosis and sporotrichosis also pose a zoonotic risk for humans. The majority of the fish-derived zoonotic diseases are transmitted to humans mainly via the consumption of improperly cooked or raw fish or fish products. Therefore, the incidence of zoonotic diseases can be reduced by properly processing fish and fish products, e.g. by thermal (heat/freezing) treatment. The prevalence of zoonotic agents in fishes varies seasonally and should be regularly monitored to evaluate the prevalence of pathogens in both wild and cultured fish populations. This review focuses on the fish zoonotic agents/diseases and their control and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Ziarati
- Department of Microbiology, Jahrom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom, I.R. Iran
| | - Mohammad Jalil Zorriehzahra
- Department of Scientific Information and Communication, Iranian Fisheries Research Institute (IFSRI), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, I.R. Iran
| | - Fatemeh Hassantabar
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Animal Science and Fisheries, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University Sari, I.R. Iran
| | | | - Manish Dhawan
- Department of Microbiology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India
- The Trafford Group of Colleges, Manchester WA14 5PQ, United Kingdom
| | - Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Wanpen Chaicumpa
- Center of Research Excellence on Therapeutic Proteins and Antibody Engineering, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Shokoofeh Shamsi
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia
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Abstract
Covering: 2020This review covers the literature published in 2020 for marine natural products (MNPs), with 757 citations (747 for the period January to December 2020) referring to compounds isolated from marine microorganisms and phytoplankton, green, brown and red algae, sponges, cnidarians, bryozoans, molluscs, tunicates, echinoderms, mangroves and other intertidal plants and microorganisms. The emphasis is on new compounds (1407 in 420 papers for 2020), together with the relevant biological activities, source organisms and country of origin. Pertinent reviews, biosynthetic studies, first syntheses, and syntheses that led to the revision of structures or stereochemistries, have been included. A meta analysis of bioactivity data relating to new MNPs reported over the last five years is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony R Carroll
- School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia. .,Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Brent R Copp
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Rohan A Davis
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia.,School of Enivironment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Robert A Keyzers
- Centre for Biodiscovery, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
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Microbial Secondary Metabolism and Biotechnology. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10010123. [PMID: 35056572 PMCID: PMC8781746 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10010123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent decades scientific research has demonstrated that the microbial world is infinitely richer and more surprising than we could have imagined. Every day, new molecules produced by microorganisms are discovered, and their incredible diversity has not yet delivered all of its messages. The current challenge of research is to select from the wide variety of characterized microorganisms and compounds, those which could provide rapid answers to crucial questions about human or animal health or more generally relating to society’s demands for medicine, pharmacology, nutrition or everyday well-being.
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Kumar A, Dhiman V, Kumar P, Pant D. Effects of piperazine and EDTA in garden snail towards electrolytic variation and antimicrobial activities. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:65911-65922. [PMID: 34327636 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15543-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The present study has been carried out to evaluate the effects of piperazine and EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) in the garden snail, Cornu aspersum. EDTA and piperazine-like chemicals are widely used in various pharmaceutical, household, and industrial applications. The snails after collection were kept in different earthen pots and treated with these chemicals at different concentrations. A higher concentration of these chemicals led to a change in foot color from light to dark brown and loss in average weight with time. It has been found that a 10-fold increase in piperazine and EDTA concentration reduces weight by approximately 12.7- and 11.6-fold, respectively. Further, the study provides an insight into the altered antimicrobial activity of crude extract when treated with ligands. Additionally, the variations in the electrolytes in the mucus sample have been observed with the mean standard deviation (± SD) of 6.4 and 2.4 for Na+ and K+ ions, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kumar
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Dharamsala, 176215, India
- Himalayan Forest Research Institute, Panthaghati, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, 171013, India
| | - Varun Dhiman
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Dharamsala, 176215, India
| | - Pawan Kumar
- Department of Environmental Studies, Central University of Haryana, Jant-Pali, Mahendergarh, 123031, India
| | - Deepak Pant
- Department of Environmental Science, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Dharamshala, 176215, India.
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Novel Nematode-Killing Protein-1 (Nkp-1) from a Marine Epiphytic Bacterium Pseudoalteromonas tunicata. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9111586. [PMID: 34829814 PMCID: PMC8615270 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance among parasitic nematodes has resulted in an urgent need for the development of new therapies. However, the high re-discovery rate of anti-nematode compounds from terrestrial environments necessitates a new repository for future drug research. Marine epiphytes are hypothesised to produce nematicidal compounds as a defence against bacterivorous predators, thus representing a promising yet underexplored source for anti-nematode drug discovery. The marine epiphytic bacterium Pseudoalteromonas tunicata is known to produce several bioactive compounds. Screening heterologously expressed genomic libraries of P. tunicata against the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, identified as an E. coli clone (HG8), shows fast-killing activity. Here we show that clone HG8 produces a novel nematode-killing protein-1 (Nkp-1) harbouring a predicted carbohydrate-binding domain with weak homology to known bacterial pore-forming toxins. We found bacteria expressing Nkp-1 were able to colonise the C. elegans intestine, with exposure to both live bacteria and protein extracts resulting in physical damage and necrosis, leading to nematode death within 24 h of exposure. Furthermore, this study revealed C. elegans dar (deformed anal region) and internal hatching may act as a nematode defence strategy against Nkp-1 toxicity. The characterisation of this novel protein and putative mode of action not only contributes to the development of novel anti-nematode applications in the future but reaffirms the potential of marine epiphytic bacteria as a new source of novel biomolecules.
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