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Zang Y, Cao B, Zhao H, Xie B, Ge Y, Yi Y, Liu H. On-site determination of water toxicity based on freeze-dried electrochemically active bacteria. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 867:161432. [PMID: 36623651 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Our previous studies have reported water toxicity determination with a fresh electrochemically active bacteria (EAB) suspension as the sensing element, which exhibits high sensitivity and has great prospects in providing early warning about water pollution. However, because the preparation of fresh EAB suspensions is time-consuming, these studies are not suitable for the on-site determination of water toxicity. To solve this problem, this study investigated the rapid preparation of an EAB suspension by the rehydration of freeze-dried EABs and established a novel method for the on-site determination of water toxicity based on the freeze-dried EAB model strain Shewanella oneidensis MR-1. The results demonstrate that the optimal cryoprotectant for S. oneidensis MR-1 freeze drying is 7.5 % (w/v) skimmed milk powder. Compared with fresh S. oneidensis MR-1, freeze-dried S. oneidensis MR-1 exhibits similar extracellular electron transfer (EET) performance (74.7 % ± 0.3 %) and slightly lower sensitivity for water toxicity determination (65.8 % ± 2.2 %) with the optimal cryoprotectant. On-site determination of water toxicity was realized by using freeze-dried S. oneidensis MR-1, and the detection limits of five common toxic pollutants (Cd2+, Pb2+, Cu2+, phenol and dichlorophenol) reached 0.5 mg/L. Water toxicity determination is capable of resisting common interferences, e.g., glucose, lactate, nitrate and nitrite, and shows high accuracy in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Zang
- Institute of Environmental Biology and Life Support Technology, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; International Joint Research Center of Aerospace Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Bo Cao
- Institute of Environmental Biology and Life Support Technology, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; International Joint Research Center of Aerospace Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hongyu Zhao
- Institute of Environmental Biology and Life Support Technology, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; International Joint Research Center of Aerospace Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Beizhen Xie
- Institute of Environmental Biology and Life Support Technology, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; International Joint Research Center of Aerospace Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yanhong Ge
- Infore Environment Technology Group, Foshan 528000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yue Yi
- School of Life, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, China.
| | - Hong Liu
- Institute of Environmental Biology and Life Support Technology, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; International Joint Research Center of Aerospace Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.
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Selection of Yarrowia lipolytica Strains as Possible Solution to Valorize Untreated Cheese Whey. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation9010051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Cheese whey management and disposal is a major issue for dairy industries due to its high level of chemical and biochemical oxygen demand. However, it can still represent a source of nutrients (i.e., sugars, proteins and lipids) that can be applied, among other options, as substrate for microbial growth. Yarrowia lipolytica can grow in different environments, consuming both hydrophilic and hydrophobic substrates, and tolerates high salt concentrations. In this work, the lipolytic and proteolytic profile of 20 strains of Y. lipolytica were tested on caseins and butter. Then, their growth potential was evaluated in four types of whey (caciotta, ricotta, squacquerone and their mix). Y. lipolytica showed a very strain-dependent behavior for both hydrolytic profiles and growth capabilities on the different substrates. The best growers for all the types of whey tested were PO1, PO2, and RO2, with the first one reaching up to 8.77 log cfu/mL in caciotta whey after 72 h. The volatile molecule profile of the samples incubated with the best growers were characterized by higher amounts of esters, acids, ketones and alcohols. In this way, cheese whey can become a source of microbial cultures exploitable in the dairy sector.
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Jo DU, Chin YW, Kim Y, Kim KT, Kim TW, Lim TG. By-product of Korean liquor fermented by Saccharomyces cerevisiae exhibits skin whitening activity. Food Sci Biotechnol 2022; 31:587-596. [PMID: 35529691 PMCID: PMC9033924 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-022-01062-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, the skin whitening effect of the fermentation residue of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was investigated. The fermentation residue showed radical scavenging activity and attenuated tyrosinase activity. Furthermore, the fermentation residue of S. cerevisiae significantly suppressed melanin generation in B16F10 cells. Interestingly, the sample-containing formulation exhibited increased skin whitening activity compared with that by the control formulation in a clinical study. Notably, the endogenous tyrosinase expression was not altered by the fermentation residue of S. cerevisiae; however, the enzymatic activity of tyrosinase was inhibited. Furthermore, the sample did not change TRP1 and TRP2 expression in B16F10 cells. Thus, the fermentation residue of S. cerevisiae was assumed to directly suppress the tyrosinase enzyme. It was confirmed that the fermentation residue of S. cerevisiae was a competitive inhibitor of tyrosinase. Taken together, the fermentation residue of S. cerevisiae could be a novel skin whitening agent originating from the traditional Korean liquor production process. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10068-022-01062-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Uk Jo
- Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006 Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Wook Chin
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365 Republic of Korea
| | - Yongeun Kim
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
| | - Kyung-Tack Kim
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365 Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Wan Kim
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365 Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Gyu Lim
- Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006 Republic of Korea
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Immune-enhancing effects of polysaccharide extract of by-products of Korean liquor fermented by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 188:245-252. [PMID: 34384800 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
To increase the value of yeast-fermented Korean liquor by-products, we obtained crude polysaccharide (CPS) fractions via ultrasound-assisted extraction and stepwise-gradient ethanol precipitation and investigated their functionality. Nitric oxide production in RAW 264.7 cells was increased following treatment with the CPSs derived from extract. Analysis of the monosaccharide and amino acid composition of the CPS fractions using HPLC revealed that the polysaccharides were mainly composed of glucose (57.2%), mannose (22.6%), and galactose (17.6%), and no amino acids were detected. In addition, a higher concentration of ethanol solvent for fractionation yielded polysaccharides with lower molecular weights (<15 kDa). CPS 3 and 4 fractions increased the production of TNF-α (15 and 17-fold, respectively) and IL-6 (20 and 18-fold, respectively) and iNOS (65 and 35-fold, respectively) expression at concentration 12.5 μg/mL compared with levels in non-treated RAW 264.7 cells. Especially, CPS 4 at 200 and 400 μg/mL significantly increased the proliferation of mouse spleen cells by 126% and 153%, respectively. These results indicated that CPS 4 enhanced the proliferation of mouse spleen cells in vivo, indicating its immune-enhancing effects. Therefore, this research can contribute to the development of eco-friendly extraction techniques and immune-enhancing materials.
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