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Pires AJ, Pereira G, Fangueiro D, Bexiga R, Oliveira M. When the solution becomes the problem: a review on antimicrobial resistance in dairy cattle. Future Microbiol 2024; 19:903-929. [PMID: 38661710 PMCID: PMC11290761 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2023-0232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics' action, once a 'magic bullet', is now hindered by widespread microbial resistance, creating a global antimicrobial resistance (AMR) crisis. A primary driver of AMR is the selective pressure from antimicrobial use. Between 2000 and 2015, antibiotic consumption increased by 65%, reaching 34.8 billion tons, 73% of which was used in animals. In the dairy cattle sector, antibiotics are crucial for treating diseases like mastitis, posing risks to humans, animals and potentially leading to environmental contamination. To address AMR, strategies like selective dry cow therapy, alternative treatments (nanoparticles, phages) and waste management innovations are emerging. However, most solutions are in development, emphasizing the urgent need for further research to tackle AMR in dairy farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana José Pires
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health (CIISA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Av. da Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, 1300-477, Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Gonçalo Pereira
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health (CIISA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Av. da Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, 1300-477, Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - David Fangueiro
- LEAF Research Center, Terra Associate Laboratory, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Bexiga
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health (CIISA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Av. da Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, 1300-477, Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Manuela Oliveira
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health (CIISA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Av. da Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, 1300-477, Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477, Lisbon, Portugal
- cE3c—Centre for Ecology, Evolution & Environmental Changes & CHANGE—Global Change & Sustainability Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal
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Bakht P, Ijaz M, Iqbal MZ, Aslam HB, Rehman A. Repurposing of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for combination therapies to combat multidrug-resistant S. aureus of bovine reproductive tract origin. Vet Res Commun 2024; 48:1497-1510. [PMID: 38347266 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-024-10322-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant bacteria have become the predominant etiology in bovine female reproductive tract infections and thus require effective treatment approaches. The main goal of this study was the molecular detection of mecA, blaZ, tetK, and aacA-aphD genes in Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) responsible for methicillin, beta-lactam, tetracycline, and aminoglycoside resistance respectively. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted to check the homology of staphylococcal genes with NCBI sequences. The in-vitro efficacy of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in combination therapies against MDR S. aureus was evaluated using well diffusion assay and checkerboard method. Vaginal swab samples (n = 384) collected from bovines suffering from endometritis, pyometra, and retained placenta were tested for S. aureus. Results showed a 17.96% overall prevalence. Both phenotypic and genotypic resistance was observed among S. aureus isolates with 50.72% and 37.68% isolates being confirmed as methicillin-resistant (MRSA), 36.23% and 18.84% isolates exhibiting beta-lactam, 40.58%, and 27.54% isolates showing tetracycline, and 33.33% and 36.23% isolates showing aminoglycosides resistance based on disc diffusion and gene confirmation, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis indicated homology with previously reported Pakistani isolates suggesting the possibility of MDR S. aureus transmission within and between animals. Synergy testing indicated that combinations of ceftriaxone-ketoprofen (153.77%), ceftriaxone-meloxicam (149.55%), amoxiclav-flunixin meglumine (106.06%), and oxytetracycline-flunixin meglumine (104.47%) showed synergy on well diffusion assay. Based on the fractional inhibitory concentration index by checkerboard method, oxytetracycline-meloxicam and gentamicin-ketoprofen combinations exhibited synergistic interaction. In conclusion, MDR S. aureus resistance was mitigated in-vitro through the combination of antibiotics (oxytetracycline, gentamicin) with NSAIDs (meloxicam, ketoprofen) that could be used to create therapeutic strategies for bovine reproductive issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Painda Bakht
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ijaz
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Zahid Iqbal
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hassaan Bin Aslam
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Rehman
- Department of Theriogenology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
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Ijaz M, Ghumman NZ, Javed MU, Ahmed A, Rasheed H, Anwaar F, Sabir MJ, Muzammil I. Genotypic insights to Panton-Valentine leukocidin positive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from cattle mastitis. J DAIRY RES 2024:1-3. [PMID: 38706342 DOI: 10.1017/s0022029924000244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
In this research communication we investigate the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of S. aureus harboring virulent genes responsible for mastitis in cattle of Punjab, Pakistan. A total of 690 milk samples were collected from commercial dairy farms for analysis of the prevalence of subclinical and clinical mastitis and isolation of S. aureus. Virulence ability and methicillin resistance in S. aureus (MRSA) was determined by targeting the pvl (the gene for Panton-Valentine leukocidin) and mecA genes, respectively. A total of 175 S. aureus isolates exhibiting prevalence of pvl gene (6.28%) and mecA gene (22.28%) were determined. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of pvl positive and negative MRSA against different classes of antibiotics revealed 100% resistance against β-lactams while 100% sensitivity towards tylosin and linezolid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ijaz
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Nauman Zaheer Ghumman
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Umar Javed
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Arslan Ahmed
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hamza Rasheed
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Farwa Anwaar
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Jawad Sabir
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Iqra Muzammil
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
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Lin W, Xie F, Li X, Yang R, Lu J, Ruan Z, Ou D, Wang Z. Diagnostic performance of metagenomic next-generation sequencing and conventional microbial culture for spinal infection: a retrospective comparative study. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2023; 32:4238-4245. [PMID: 37689612 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-023-07928-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The study evaluated the diagnostic performance of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) as a diagnostic test for biopsy samples from patients with suspected spinal infection (SI) and compared the diagnostic performance of mNGS with that of microbial culture. METHODS All patients diagnosed with clinical suspicion of SI were enrolled, and data were collected through a retrospective chart review of patient records. Biopsy specimens obtained from each patient were tested via mNGS and microbial culture. Samples were enriched for microbial DNA using the universal DNA extraction kit, whole-genome amplified, and sequenced using MGISEQ-200 instrument. After Low-quality reads removed, the remaining sequences for microbial content were analyzed and aligned using SNAP and kraken2 tools. RESULTS A total of 39 patients (19 men and 20 women) were deemed suitable for enrollment. The detection rate for pathogens of mNGS was 71.8% (28/39), which was significantly higher than that of microbial culture (23.1%, p = 0.016). Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex was the most frequently isolated. Using pathologic test as the standard reference for SI, thirty-one cases were classified as infected, and eight cases were considered aseptic. The sensitivity and specificity values for detecting pathogens with mNGS were 87.1% and 87.5%, while these rates were 25.8% and 87.5% with conventional culture. mNGS was able to detect 88.9% (8/9) of pathogens identified by conventional culture, with a genus-level sensitivity of 100% (8/8) and a species-level sensitivity of 87.5% (7/8). CONCLUSION The present work suggests that mNGS might be superior to microbial culture for detecting SI pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Lin
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde Foshan), No. 1 Jiazi Rd, Shunde District, Foshan City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Faqin Xie
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde Foshan), No. 1 Jiazi Rd, Shunde District, Foshan City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xinan Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruobing Yang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde Foshan), No. 1 Jiazi Rd, Shunde District, Foshan City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Junan Lu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde Foshan), No. 1 Jiazi Rd, Shunde District, Foshan City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zheng Ruan
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde Foshan), No. 1 Jiazi Rd, Shunde District, Foshan City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Dingqiang Ou
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde Foshan), No. 1 Jiazi Rd, Shunde District, Foshan City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhiyun Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde Foshan), No. 1 Jiazi Rd, Shunde District, Foshan City, Guangdong Province, China.
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Naas T, Dabos L, Bonnin RA. β-Lactamase Genes without Limits. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1200. [PMID: 37317173 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11051200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
β-Lactams are among the most prescribed antibiotics worldwide, mainly due to their weak toxicity and good efficacy [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Naas
- Team ReSIST, INSERM U1184, Université Paris Saclay, CEA, Inserm, Immunologie des Maladies Virales, Auto-Immunes, Hématologiques et Bactériennes (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), 92265 Fontenay-Aux-Roses & Kremlin Bicêtre, France
- Service de Bactériologie-Hygiène, Hôpital Bicêtre, AP-HP Paris-Saclay, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- French National Reference Center for Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales, Hôpital Bicêtre, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Laura Dabos
- Team ReSIST, INSERM U1184, Université Paris Saclay, CEA, Inserm, Immunologie des Maladies Virales, Auto-Immunes, Hématologiques et Bactériennes (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), 92265 Fontenay-Aux-Roses & Kremlin Bicêtre, France
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (UPM-INIA) Vía de Servicio M-40 (Campus de Montegancedo) KM 38, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain
| | - Rémy A Bonnin
- Team ReSIST, INSERM U1184, Université Paris Saclay, CEA, Inserm, Immunologie des Maladies Virales, Auto-Immunes, Hématologiques et Bactériennes (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), 92265 Fontenay-Aux-Roses & Kremlin Bicêtre, France
- Service de Bactériologie-Hygiène, Hôpital Bicêtre, AP-HP Paris-Saclay, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- French National Reference Center for Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales, Hôpital Bicêtre, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
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Naranjo-Lucena A, Slowey R. Invited review: Antimicrobial resistance in bovine mastitis pathogens: A review of genetic determinants and prevalence of resistance in European countries. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:1-23. [PMID: 36333144 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-22267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is an urgent and growing problem worldwide, both for human and animal health. In the animal health sector actions have been taken as concerns grow regarding the development and spread of antimicrobial resistance. Mastitis is the most common infection in dairy cattle. We aimed to summarize the genetic determinants found in staphylococci, streptococci, and Enterobacteriaceae isolated from mastitic milk samples and provide a comparison of percentage resistance to a variety of antimicrobials in European countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amalia Naranjo-Lucena
- National Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine, Backweston Laboratory Campus, Celbridge, Ireland W23 VW2C.
| | - Rosemarie Slowey
- National Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine, Backweston Laboratory Campus, Celbridge, Ireland W23 VW2C
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Song J, Xiang W, Wang Q, Yin J, Tian T, Yang Q, Zhang M, Ge G, Li J, Diao N, Liu F, Shi K, Cai R, Du R, Gong Q. Prevalence and risk factors of Klebsiella spp. in milk samples from dairy cows with mastitis-A global systematic review. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1143257. [PMID: 37035815 PMCID: PMC10073557 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1143257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The overall prevalence of Klebsiella spp., a group of important zoonotic pathogens, in the global dairy herds and the risk of cross-species transmission between humans and dairy cows remain to be clarified. This systematic review aimed to determine the prevalence of Klebsiella spp. in milk samples from dairy cows with mastitis worldwide and to assess the factors influencing the prevalence of these strains. Methods Qualified studies published from 2007 to 2021 were retrieved from ScienceDirect, Web of Science, PubMed, WanFang Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and VIP Chinese Journal Database. Calculations of prevalence and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were performed for all the studies using the Freeman-Tukey double arcsine transformation (PFT). Results A total of 79,852 milk samples from 55 manuscripts were examined in this meta-analysis, and 2,478 samples were found to be positive for Klebsiella spp. The pooled prevalence estimates worldwide were 7.95% (95% CI: 6.07%-10.06%), with significant heterogeneity (I 2 = 98.8%, p = 0). The sampling period of 2013-2020 had a higher (p < 0.05) Klebsiella-positive proportion of milk samples (12.16%, 95% CI: 8.08%-16.90%) than that of 2007-2012 (3.85%, 95% CI: 2.67%-5.21%), indicating that bovine mastitis caused by Klebsiella may become increasingly prevalent. The risk factors for the high prevalence of Klebsiella in milk samples mainly included: economic development level (developing countries; 11.76%, 95% CI: 8.25%-15.77%), mastitis type (CM; 11.99%, 95% CI: 8.62%-15.79%), and population density (>500 per sq km; 10.28%, 95% CI: 2.73%-21.58%). Additionally, a bivariate meta-regression analysis revealed that the multidrug-resistance (MDR) rate of the epidemic strains was also closely related to economic development level (R 2 = 78.87%) and population density (R 2 = 87.51%). Discussion Due to the potential risk of cross-species transmission between humans and cows, the prevalence of mastitis milk-derived Klebsiella and its high MDR rate need to be monitored, especially in developing countries with high population densities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinming Song
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Wentao Xiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Qi Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiying Yin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Tian Tian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Qizhu Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Guiyang Ge
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Jianming Li
- College of Chinese Medicine Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Naichao Diao
- College of Chinese Medicine Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Fei Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Kun Shi
- College of Chinese Medicine Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Ruopeng Cai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Ruopeng Cai
| | - Rui Du
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- College of Chinese Medicine Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Rui Du
| | - Qinglong Gong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Qinglong Gong
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Kojok HE, Khalil M, Hage R, Jammoul R, Jammoul A, Darra NE. Microbiological and chemical evaluation of dairy products commercialized in the Lebanese market. Vet World 2022; 15:2575-2586. [PMID: 36590110 PMCID: PMC9798062 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.2575-2586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Cheese is considered an essential component of the Lebanese table, however, several foodborne illnesses have been reported due to cheese consumption. This study aimed to assess the microbiological quality and the occurrence of antibiotic and pesticide residues in two traditional Lebanese cheeses, Akkawi and Baladiyeh. In addition, drug resistance of isolated pathogens from the cheese samples was evaluated. Materials and Methods Fifty Akkawi and Baladiyeh cheese samples were obtained in duplicate from 37 different commercial brands in supermarkets and shops from various regions of Lebanon. Samples of different weights were either individually vacuum packed or soaked in brine unpacked where it was placed in plastic bag after being purchased. Samples were homogenized to determine antibiotic and pesticide residues using liquid and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry, and microbiological evaluation was performed according to the International Organization for Standardization reference analytical methods. The disk diffusion method was used to determine the susceptibility of these isolates to antibiotics. Results Microbiologically, 17% of Akkawi and 14% of Baladiyeh samples were found to be non-conforming. The bacterial isolates (n = 29) were tested for their susceptibility to 11 different antibiotics commonly prescribed in the Lebanese community or used for treating infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria and listeriosis. Each isolate was found to be resistant to at least three antibiotics. Liquid and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectroscopy analysis showed the absence of pesticide residues in all samples. However, sulfamethazine antibiotic residue was found in 14% of the samples. Conclusion The results suggest that the cheese samples tested could cause foodborne illnesses due to the detection of pathogenic bacteria and are a public health concern due to the presence of antibiotic residues and the transmission of multidrug-resistant organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiyam El Kojok
- Department of Biological Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Faculty of Sciences, Tarik El Jedidah - Beirut, P.O. Box: 115020 Riad EL Solh 1107 2809, Lebanon
| | - Mahmoud Khalil
- Department of Biological Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Faculty of Sciences, Tarik El Jedidah - Beirut, P.O. Box: 115020 Riad EL Solh 1107 2809, Lebanon
| | - Rima Hage
- Department of Food, Lebanese Agricultural Research Institute, Fanar, Lebanon P.O. Box 2611, Beirut 1107 2809, Lebanon
| | - Rola Jammoul
- Department of Food, Lebanese Agricultural Research Institute, Fanar, Lebanon P.O. Box 2611, Beirut 1107 2809, Lebanon
| | - Adla Jammoul
- Department of Food, Lebanese Agricultural Research Institute, Fanar, Lebanon P.O. Box 2611, Beirut 1107 2809, Lebanon,Phytopharmacy Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture of Lebanon, Kfarchima, Lebanon
| | - Nada El Darra
- Beirut Arab University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Tarik El Jedidah - Beirut, P.O. Box: 115020 Riad EL Solh 1107 2809, Lebanon,Corresponding author: Nada El Darra, e-mail: Co-authors: HE: , MK: , RH: , RJ: , AJ:
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Joubrane K, Jammoul A, Daher R, Ayoub S, El Jed M, Hneino M, El Hawari K, Al Iskandarani M, Daher Z. Microbiological contamination, antimicrobial residues, and antimicrobial resistance in raw bovine milk in Lebanon. Int Dairy J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2022.105455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Jouini A, Klibi A, Kmiha S, Hamrouni S, Ghram A, Maaroufi A. Lineages, Virulence Gene Associated and Integrons among Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL) and CMY-2 Producing Enterobacteriaceae from Bovine Mastitis, in Tunisia. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11080948. [PMID: 36015067 PMCID: PMC9416333 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11080948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) Enterobacteriaceae are becoming widespread enzymes in food-producing animals worldwide. Escherichia coli and Klebseilla pneumoniae are two of the most significant pathogens causing mastitis. Our study focused on the characterization of the genetic support of ESBL/pAmpC and antibiotic resistance mechanisms in cefotaxime-resistant (CTXR) and susceptible (CTXS) Enterobacteriaceae isolates, recovered from bovine mastitis in Tunisia, as well as the analyses of their clonal lineage and virulence-associated genes. The study was carried out on 17 ESBL/pAmpC E. coli and K. pneumoniae and 50 CTXS E. coli. Detection of resistance genes and clonal diversity was performed by PCR amplification and sequencing. The following β-lactamase genes were detected: blaCTX-M-15 (n = 6), blaCTX-M-15 + blaOXA-1 (2), bla CTX-M-15 + blaOXA-1 + blaTEM-1b (2), blaCTX-M-15 + blaTEM-1b (4), blaCMY-2 (3). The MLST showed the following STs: ST405 (n = 4 strains); ST58 (n = 3); ST155 (n = 3); ST471 (n = 2); and ST101 (n = 2). ST399 (n = 1) and ST617 (n = 1) were identified in p(AmpC) E. coli producer strains. The phylogroups A and B1 were the most detected ones, followed by the pathogenic phylogroup B2 that harbored the shigatoxin genes stx1/stx2, associated with the cnf, fimA, and aer virulence factors. The qnrA/qnrB, aac(6′)-Ib-cr genes and integrons class 1 with different gene cassettes were detected amongst these CTXR/S isolated strains. The presence of different genetic lineages, associated with resistance and virulence genes in pathogenic bacteria in dairy farms, may complicate antibiotic therapies and pose a potential risk to public health.
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