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Do KH, Do TA, Nguyen TV, Le DT, Phan LV, Nguyen CV. Clinical and Paraclinical Features, Outcome, and Prognosis of Extranodal Natural Killer/T-Cell Lymphoma, Nasal Type: A Retrospective Study of 31 Vietnamese Patients. Int J Hematol Oncol Stem Cell Res 2024; 18:262-273. [PMID: 39257705 PMCID: PMC11381662 DOI: 10.18502/ijhoscr.v18i3.16107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Extranodal natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type is a rare, aggressive, and poor prognostic subtype. The concurrent chemoradiotherapy followed by chemotherapy showed a relatively high response rate and the toxicity due to the treatment is acceptable. The study attempted to report the clinicopathological features, the survival outcome, and response rates of stages I-II, nasal type ENKTL patients treated with CCRT followed by adjuvant VIPD chemotherapy in Vietnam. Materials and Methods: The current study was conducted on 31 stage I or II NK/T cell lymphoma, nasal-type patients received by CCRT, followed by adjuvant VIPD chemotherapy. Information on patient demographics, disease stage, clinical symptoms, tumor, and paraclinical characteristics were collected. The primary endpoints of this study were OS and response rates. Results: After CCRT, 26 out of 31 (83.9%) patients had stable disease or response. Overall response rate (ORR) was observed in 80.6% of patients with a complete response rate of 67.7%. Low-risk PINK patients had a higher response rate than the intermediate- risk group (p=0.038). Mean disease-free survival was 44.3±4.5 months (95% CI, 35.4-53.1 months). Mean overall survival was 46.8±4.5 months (95% CI, 37.99-55.8 months). The intermediate-risk PINK patients had a significantly lower OS rate than low-risk patients. Conclusion: Concurrent chemoradiotherapy followed by adjuvant VIPD chemotherapy showed a high response rate and survival benefit in stages I-II, nasal type, and extranodal natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma Vietnamese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tu Anh Do
- National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | | | | | - Chu Van Nguyen
- National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
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Zhong Y, Xie J, Chen J, Ping L, Zang S, Zhang Y, Feng Y, Huang Y. Extranodal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma Predominantly Composed of Anaplastic Cells: A Frequently Misdiagnosed and Highly Aggressive Variant. Am J Surg Pathol 2024; 48:174-182. [PMID: 37982454 DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000002156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL) is a non-Hodgkin lymphoma associated with the Epstein-Barr virus that primarily affects individuals in East Asia and indigenous populations in Central and South America. Morphologically, ENKTL typically consists of medium-sized cells or a combination of small and large cells. This report presents 10 cases characterized by predominantly anaplastic cells with diffuse expression of CD30, resembling anaplastic lymphoma kinase-negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALK-negative ALCL) and demonstrating highly aggressive behavior. The cohort included 9 males and 1 female, ranging in age from 29 to 65 years (median age: 47 y). Eight patients presented with nasal disease, while 2 had non-nasal disease. Five patients had stage I/II disease, and the remaining 5 had stage III/IV disease. Morphologically, necrosis was observed in 9 cases, angiocentric-angiodestructive growth in 3 cases, and pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia in 2 cases. Anaplastic cells predominated in all cases, with some displaying eccentric, horseshoe-shaped, or kidney-shaped nuclei (referred to as "Hallmark" cells). The morphology profile was monomorphic in 3 cases and polymorphic in 7 cases. Immunohistochemically, all cases tested positive for cytotoxic granule markers (TIA1 and granzymeB) and Epstein-Barr virus-encoded RNA. Cytoplasmic expression of CD3ε and CD56 was observed in 9 of 10 cases. Interestingly, most cases (7 of 8) exhibited variable expression of MuM1, ranging from 10% to 90%. All cases showed diffuse positivity for CD30 but were negative for ALK, resulting in 3 cases being initially misdiagnosed as ALK-negative ALCL. Compared with nonanaplastic cases, anaplastic cells predominant ENKTL had a significantly higher frequency of "B" symptoms, bone marrow involvement, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, and higher Ki67 proliferative index. These findings provide valuable information for pathologists, expanding their understanding of the cytologic spectrum of ENKTL. This rare variant of ENKTL, characterized by the predominance of anaplastic cells and diffuse CD30 expression, exhibits high aggressiveness and should be differentiated from ALK-negative ALCL. Awareness of this uncommon variant is crucial in preventing misdiagnosis and ensuring the timely initiation of therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center
| | - Jianlan Xie
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University
| | - Jierong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center
| | - Liqin Ping
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shengbing Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center
| | - Yingchun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center
| | - Yanfen Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center
| | - Yuhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Gansu Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, Chiina
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3
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Liu WT, Wang HT, Yeh YH, Wong TW. An Update on Recent Advances of Photodynamic Therapy for Primary Cutaneous Lymphomas. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051328. [PMID: 37242570 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary cutaneous lymphomas are rare non-Hodgkin lymphomas consisting of heterogeneous disease entities. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) utilizing photosensitizers irradiated with a specific wavelength of light in the presence of oxygen exerts promising anti-tumor effects on non-melanoma skin cancer, yet its application in primary cutaneous lymphomas remains less recognized. Despite many in vitro data showing PDT could effectively kill lymphoma cells, clinical evidence of PDT against primary cutaneous lymphomas is limited. Recently, a phase 3 "FLASH" randomized clinical trial demonstrated the efficacy of topical hypericin PDT for early-stage cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. An update on recent advances of photodynamic therapy in primary cutaneous lymphomas is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ting Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Cancer Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan
| | - Han-Tang Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Cancer Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsuan Yeh
- School of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Tak-Wah Wong
- Department of Dermatology, Cancer Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
- Center of Applied Nanomedicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
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4
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Nagato T, Komatsuda H, Hayashi R, Takahara M, Kishibe K, Yasuda S, Yajima Y, Kosaka A, Ohkuri T, Oikawa K, Harabuchi S, Kono M, Yamaki H, Wakisaka R, Hirata-Nozaki Y, Ohara K, Kumai T, Katada A, Hayashi T, Harabuchi Y, Kobayashi H. Expression of soluble CD27 in extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type: potential as a biomarker for diagnosis and CD27/CD70-targeted therapy. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2023:10.1007/s00262-023-03394-7. [PMID: 36811663 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-023-03394-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
The engagement of CD27 on lymphocytes with its ligand, CD70, on tumors is believed to mediate tumor immune evasion and the elevation of serum soluble CD27 (sCD27) levels in patients with CD70-positive malignancies. We previously showed that CD70 is expressed in extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type (ENKL), an Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-related malignancy. However, little is known about serum sCD27 expression and its association with the clinical characteristics of, and the CD27/CD70 interaction in, ENKL. In the present study, we show that serum sCD27 is significantly elevated in the sera of patients with ENKL. The levels of serum sCD27 provided excellent diagnostic accuracy for discriminating patients with ENKL from healthy subjects, correlated positively with the levels of other diagnostic markers (lactate dehydrogenase, soluble interleukin-2 receptor, and EBV-DNA), and decreased significantly following treatment. Elevated serum sCD27 levels also correlated significantly with advanced clinical stage and tended to correspond with shorter survival, in patients with ENKL. Immunohistochemistry indicated that CD27-positive tumor-infiltrating immune cells exist adjacent to CD70-positive lymphoma cells. In addition, serum sCD27 levels in patients with CD70-positive ENKL were significantly higher than those in patients with CD70-negative ENKL, suggesting that the intra-tumoral CD27/CD70 interaction boosts the release of sCD27 in serum. Furthermore, the EBV-encoded oncoprotein latent membrane protein 1 upregulated CD70 expression in ENKL cells. Our results suggest that sCD27 may serve as a novel diagnostic biomarker and also may serve as a tool for evaluating the applicability of CD27/CD70-targeted therapies by predicting intra-tumoral CD70 expression and CD27/CD70 interaction in ENKL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiro Nagato
- Department of Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University, 2-1-1-1 Midorigaoka-Higashi, Asahikawa, 078-8510, Japan.
| | - Hiroki Komatsuda
- Department of Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University, 2-1-1-1 Midorigaoka-Higashi, Asahikawa, 078-8510, Japan.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Ryusuke Hayashi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Miki Takahara
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan.,Department of Innovative Research for Diagnosis and Treatment of Head and Neck Cancer, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Kan Kishibe
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Yasuda
- Department of Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University, 2-1-1-1 Midorigaoka-Higashi, Asahikawa, 078-8510, Japan.,Respiratory and Breast Center, Asahikawa Medical University Hospital, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Yuki Yajima
- Department of Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University, 2-1-1-1 Midorigaoka-Higashi, Asahikawa, 078-8510, Japan.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Akemi Kosaka
- Department of Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University, 2-1-1-1 Midorigaoka-Higashi, Asahikawa, 078-8510, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ohkuri
- Department of Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University, 2-1-1-1 Midorigaoka-Higashi, Asahikawa, 078-8510, Japan
| | - Kensuke Oikawa
- Department of Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University, 2-1-1-1 Midorigaoka-Higashi, Asahikawa, 078-8510, Japan
| | - Shohei Harabuchi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Michihisa Kono
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Hidekiyo Yamaki
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Risa Wakisaka
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Yui Hirata-Nozaki
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Kenzo Ohara
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Takumi Kumai
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan.,Department of Innovative Research for Diagnosis and Treatment of Head and Neck Cancer, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Akihiro Katada
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Hayashi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Yasuaki Harabuchi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hokuto Hospital, Obihiro, Japan
| | - Hiroya Kobayashi
- Department of Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University, 2-1-1-1 Midorigaoka-Higashi, Asahikawa, 078-8510, Japan.
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5
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Yan Z, Yao S, Wang Z, Zhou W, Yao Z, Liu Y. Treatment of extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma: From past to future. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1088685. [PMID: 36825002 PMCID: PMC9941192 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1088685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTCL) is the most common subtype of T/NK-cell lymphoma in Asia and Latin America, but very rare in North American and Europe. Patient survival has improved significantly over the past two decades. However, standard treatment has not yet been established, although dozens of prospective trials have been conducted. To help understand how the treatment of ENKTCL has evolved in the past and what trends lie ahead, we have comprehensively reviewed the treatment of this aggressive malignancy, with a particular focus on neglected or unanswered issues, such as the optimal staging method, the best partner of asparaginase (Asp), the individualized administration of Asp, the preferred sequence of CT and RT and so on. Overall, the 5-year overall survival (OS) of patients with Ann Arbor stage I/II disease increased from < 50% in the early 20th century to > 80% in recent years, and the median OS of patients with Ann Arbor stage III/IV disease increased from < 1 year to more than 3 years. The improvement in patient survival is largely attributable to advances in radiation technology and the introduction of Asp and anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy into practice. Radiotherapy is essential for patients with early-stage disease, while Asp-based chemotherapy (CT) and PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors significantly improved the prognosis of patients with advanced-stage disease. ENKTCL management is trending toward simpler regimens, less toxicity, and higher efficacy. Novel drugs, such as manufactured T cells, monoclonal antibodies, and small molecule inhibitors, are being intensively investigated. Based on the fact that ENKTCL is highly resistant to cytotoxic drugs except Asp, and aggressive CT leads to higher toxicity rather than better outcomes, we recommend it is unnecessary to expend additional resources to compare different combinations of Asp with cytotoxic agents. Instead, more efforts should be made to optimize the use of Asp and immunotherapy to maximize efficacy and minimize toxicity, explore ways to overcome resistance to Asp and immunotherapy, identify novel treatment targets, and define subpopulations who may benefit more from specific treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Yan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shuna Yao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhizhong Wang
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wenping Zhou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhihua Yao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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6
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LI Y, TU P, WANG Y, SUN J. Multiple Progressive Necrotic Lesions in a Young Man: A Quiz. Acta Derm Venereol 2022; 102:adv00794. [PMID: 36200509 PMCID: PMC9677251 DOI: 10.2340/actadv.v102.2308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract is missing (Quiz)
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurong LI
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Peking University First Hospital, No.8 Xishiku Street, Xi Cheng District, Beijing 100034,NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control and Evaluation of Cosmetics, Beijing, China
| | - Ping TU
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Peking University First Hospital, No.8 Xishiku Street, Xi Cheng District, Beijing 100034,NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control and Evaluation of Cosmetics, Beijing, China
| | - Yang WANG
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Peking University First Hospital, No.8 Xishiku Street, Xi Cheng District, Beijing 100034,NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control and Evaluation of Cosmetics, Beijing, China
| | - Jingru SUN
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Peking University First Hospital, No.8 Xishiku Street, Xi Cheng District, Beijing 100034,NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control and Evaluation of Cosmetics, Beijing, China
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7
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Rycek K, Maris M, Van Hende V, Loose D. Ptosis, facial numbness and parotid gland mass as the first symptoms of an extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma, nasal type. BMJ Case Rep 2022; 15:e251609. [PMID: 36109088 PMCID: PMC9478799 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2022-251609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a case of a patient visiting the ear, nose and throat department with a parotid gland mass, ptosis and facial numbness. CT imaging confirmed a mass in the parotid gland; however, it also revealed a mass in the left maxillary sinus. MRI, positron emission tomography combined with CT and nasal biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of a extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma, nasal type. Because this is a rare clinical entity in Western society, patients are typically diagnosed in an advanced stage; symptoms resemble chronic rhinosinusitis and histopathological analysis is challenging. In this atypical case, the patient presented with symptoms of ptosis, parotid gland mass and facial numbness instead of nasal symptoms. In this case, we want to emphasise that diagnosing a sinonasal NK/T-cell lymphoma is often challenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristien Rycek
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Vitaz, Sint-Niklaas, Belgium
| | - Mieke Maris
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Vitaz, Sint-Niklaas, Belgium
| | | | - David Loose
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Vitaz, Sint-Niklaas, Belgium
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8
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Qiu C, Du G. Loss of
LEF
‐1 expression as a diagnostic indicator for extranodal
NK
/T‐cell lymphoma: An immunohistochemical study of 88 cases. Eur J Haematol 2022; 109:513-518. [PMID: 35871391 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.13836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cen Qiu
- Department of Pathology, the Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine China
| | - Guangye Du
- Department of Pathology, the Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine China
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Mu L, Hu S, Li G, Wu P, Ren C, Lin T, Zhang S. Characterization of the Prognostic Values of CXCL Family in Epstein-Barr Virus Associated Gastric Cancer. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:2218140. [PMID: 35693706 PMCID: PMC9177340 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2218140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background CXCL family is a class of secreted growth factors signaling through G-protein-coupled receptors, and abnormal expression is associated with the growth and progression of many tumors. However, their prognostic value has been poorly studied in Epstein-Barr virus- (EBV-) associated gastric cancer (EBVaGC). Therefore, it is of great significance to explore the prognostic value of the CXCL family in EBVaGC. Methods CXCL family mRNA expression was analyzed in STAD data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Kaplan-Meier Plotter was used to assess the prognostic value of the CXCL family. Transcription factors (TFs) and miRNAs associated with the CXCL family were identified by TFCheckpoint, miRWalk, and ViRBase databases. The prognostic model was evaluated using the EBVaGC patient cohort GSE51575. Results The mRNA expression of CXCL1/3/5/6/8/9/10/11/16 was significantly upregulated, while the expression of CXCL12/14 was downregulated in EBVaGC compared with normal tissues from TCGA-STAD. The mRNA expressions of CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, and CXCL17 in EBVaGCs were higher than those in EBVnGCs, but the mRNA expressions of CXCL6, CXCL12, and CXCL17 were lower than those in EBVnGCs. The mRNA expression levels of CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 in EBVaGCs were higher than those in EBVnGCs regardless of the tumor stage. High mRNA expression of CXCL8 was associated with better OS in patients with EBVaGC, while high expression of CXCL9 was associated with better OS in patients with EBVnGC. We obtained 10 candidate potential transcription factors (TFs) associated with CXCLs: OTOP3, NKX6-2, NKX2-2, FEV, SMYD1, TRIMSO, TBX10, CDX1, SLC26A3, and ARC. 576 miRNA-mRNA interactions were obtained. Among them, 65 miRNAs were predicted to be correlated with CXCL6, CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11. Similar to the results of TCGA-STAD, the GSE51575 dataset also showed that the mRNA expression levels of CXCL1/3/9/10/11/16 were markedly enhanced in EBVaGC tissues compared with corresponding normal gastric mucosa tissues, while the mRNA expression levels of CXCL12/14 were significantly reduced. The mRNA expression levels of CXCL3/9/10/11/13/17 were increased in EBVaGC compared with EBVnGC tissues. Conclusions The expression differences of CXCL family members are closely associated with the progression of EBVaGC. Expression of CXCL9/10/11/17 mRNA may be a promising prognostic indicator for EBVaGC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Mu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, China
| | - Shun Hu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, China
| | - Guoping Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, China
| | - Ping Wu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, China
| | - Caihong Ren
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, China
| | - Taiyu Lin
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, China
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10
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Evaluation of different staging systems and prognostic analysis of nasal-type extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma based on consistent LVDP chemotherapy regimen. Transl Oncol 2022; 21:101437. [PMID: 35489119 PMCID: PMC9062442 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The LVDP chemotherapy regimen was effective and safe for nasal-type ENKTL. The CMT yielded better survival outcomes than CT alone in nasal-type ENKTL. The CASS had a better survival discrimination than the AASS.
Nasal-type extranodal NK-T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL) is a rare non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The optimal staging system for it remains undefined. In this study, we evaluated different staging systems in 205 patients with nasal-type ENKTL based on a consistent LVDP (L-asparaginase, etoposide, dexamethasone, cisplatin) regimen. All patients were staged by Ann Arbor staging system (AASS) and CA staging system (CASS). Their characteristics, treatment responses, survival outcomes, prognostic factors, and prognostic values of AASS and CASS were analyzed. The median follow-up time was 78 months. All patients received a median 4 cycles of the LVDP chemotherapy. Based on CASS, patients with stages I through IV were more evenly distributed than with AASS, and numbered at 56 (27.3%), 70 (33.2%), 45 (21.9%), and 34 (17.6%), respectively. At the end of therapy, the objective response rate (ORR) was 81.2% for all patients. For all patients, the 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 61.6% and 67.8%. According to AASS, the 5-year OS of patients with stages Ⅰ through Ⅳ were 77.9%, 61.2%, 60.0%, and 38.7%, respectively (χ²=20.578, p<0.001). Based on CASS, the 5-year OS of patients with stages Ⅰ to Ⅳ were 89.1%, 65.5%, 58.6%, and 45.4%, respectively (χ²=22.973, p<0.001). In ROC analysis of OS, the area under the curve (AUC) for CASS was 0.70 and 0.64 for AASS. CASS was better in discriminating survival than AASS (p = 0.018). In conclusion, the LVDP regimen is effective for nasal-type ENKTL and the CASS has a better prognostic value in survival analysis than the AASS.
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