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Liu J, Zhang Q, Liang X, Zhang R, Huang X, Zhang S, Xie Z, Gao W, Liu H. Improving glucose oxidase catalysis in Aspergillus niger via Vitreoscilla hemoglobin fusion protein. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:48. [PMID: 38183481 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12931-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Oxygen is crucial for converting glucose to gluconic acid catalyzed by glucose oxidase (Gox). However, industrial gluconic acid production faces oxygen supply limitations. To enhance Gox efficiency, Vitreoscilla hemoglobin (VHb) has been considered as an efficient oxygen transfer carrier. This study identified GoxA, a specific isoform of Gox in the industrial gluconic acid-producing strain of Aspergillus niger. Various forms of VHb expression in A. niger were tested to improve GoxA's catalytic efficiency. Surprisingly, the expression of free VHb, both intracellularly and extracellularly, did not promote gluconic acid production during shake flask fermentation. Then, five fusion proteins were constructed by linking Gox and VHb using various methods. Among these, VHb-GS1-GoxA, where VHb's C-terminus connected to GoxA's N-terminus via the flexible linker GS1, demonstrated a significantly higher Kcat/Km value (96% higher) than GoxA. Unfortunately, the expression of VHb-GS1-GoxA in A. niger was limited, resulting in a low gluconic acid production of 3.0 g/L. To overcome the low expression problem, single- and dual-strain systems were designed with tools of SpyCatcher/SpyTag and SnoopCatcher/SnoopTag. In these systems, Gox and VHb were separately expressed and then self-assembled into complex proteins. Impressively, the single-strain system outperformed the GoxA overexpression strain S1971, resulting in 23% and 9% higher gluconic acid production under 0.6 vvm and 1.2 vvm aeration conditions in the bioreactor fermentation, respectively. The successful construction of Gox and VHb fusion or complex proteins, as proposed in this study, presents promising approaches to enhance Gox catalytic efficiency and lower aerodynamic costs in gluconic acid production. KEY POINTS: • Overexpressing free VHb in A. niger did not improve the catalytic efficiency of Gox • The VHb-GS1-GoxA showed an increased Kcat/Km value by 96% than GoxA • The single-strain system worked better in the gluconic acid bioreactor fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Xingying Liang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Xiaojie Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Zhoujie Xie
- MOE Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Weixia Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Hao Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, People's Republic of China.
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Afrasiabi S, Zanjani FSA, Ahmadian G, Cohan RA, Keramati M. The effect of manipulating glucuronic acid biosynthetic pathway in Bacillus subtilis strain on hyaluronic acid production. AMB Express 2023; 13:63. [PMID: 37354246 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-023-01567-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA), composed of glucuronic acid (GlcUA) and N-acetyl glucoseamine (GlcNAc), is a versatile biopolymer with high commercial value and innumerous physiological roles and pharmaceutical applications. The hasA gene has main role in HA biosynthesis by Streptococcus strain as a natural producer. The hasB and hasC genes are also mediate GlcUA precursor biosynthesis. In the present study, S. equisimilis hasA gene; B. subtilis tuaD and gtaB genes for GlcUA precursors enhancement, and vgb gene coding bacterial hemoglobin as an oxygen provider were used to construct the B. subtilis strain for HA production. RBSHA (hasA), RBSHA2 (hasA/tuaD/gtaB), and RBSHA3 (hasA/tuaD/gtaB/vgb) strains were developed and confirmed through genotype and phenotype analysis. After HA production and purification, FTIR spectroscopy confirmed the produced HA structures. HA assay showed the highest HA titer for RBSHA3 (2.1 ± 0.18 mg/ml) and then RBSHA2 (1.9 ± 0.03 mg/ml), and RBSHA (0.6 ± 0.14 mg/ml). Statistical analysis indicated there is no significant difference in HA titer between RBSHA2 and RBSHA3 strains (p-value > 0.05), however, these strains produced HA approximately 4-fold higher than that of RBSHA strain. Agarose gel electrophoresis showed the same molecular weight (< 30 kDa) of produced HA by strains. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) revealed all HA polymers had a relatively low polydispersity index (PDI < 0.5). These findings demonstrate the successful GlcUA biosynthetic pathway engineering strategy in improving HA yield by recombinant B. subtilis, metabolically-robust, and industrially potential strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadi Afrasiabi
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, New Technologies Research Group, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Gholamreza Ahmadian
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Ahangari Cohan
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, New Technologies Research Group, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Malihe Keramati
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, New Technologies Research Group, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
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Wang Q, Zheng H, Tao R, Li Q, Jiang Y, Yang S. Vitreoscilla hemoglobin enhances the catalytic performance of industrial oxidases in vitro. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:3657-3667. [PMID: 35579683 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-11974-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Oxidases are a group of oxidoreductases and need molecular oxygen in the catalytic process. Vitreoscilla hemoglobin (VHb) can improve the growth and productivity of host cells under hypoxic conditions, rendering it attractive for industrial application. In this work, we demonstrated the addition of immobilized VHb increased the catalytic activity of immobilized D-amino acid oxidase of Trigonopsis variabilis by two-fold when catalyzing cephalosporin C under oxygen-limited conditions. A similar increase of activities was observed in glucose oxidase, alcohol oxidase, and p-hydroxymandelate synthase by adding free VHb or immobilized VHb under hypoxic conditions. When L-glutamate oxidase was used to catalyze L-glutamate to produce α-ketoglutarate, the yield increased from 80.6 to 96.9% by fusing VHb with L-glutamate oxidase. Results demonstrated that the addition of free VHb, immobilized VHb, or fused VHb could increase the catalytic efficiency of oxidases, which was considered by increasing the concentration of the microenvironmental oxygen. Thus, VHb may become a potential additive agent to promote the efficiency of oxidases on industrial scale . KEY POINTS: • First time confirmation of facilitation of VHb on several industrial oxidases in vitro • VHb functions under hypoxic conditions rather than oxygen-enriched conditions • VHb functions in vitro in the form of free, immobilized protein and fusion enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingzhuo Wang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210000, China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Huabao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Rongsheng Tao
- Huzhou Center of Industrial Biotechnology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huzhou, 313000, China.,Huzhou Yisheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Huzhou, 313000, China
| | - Qi Li
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610101, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Huzhou Center of Industrial Biotechnology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huzhou, 313000, China. .,Shanghai Taoyusheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 200000, China.
| | - Sheng Yang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Huzhou Center of Industrial Biotechnology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huzhou, 313000, China.
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Wan X, Link AJ, Brynildsen MP. Translational Fusion to Hmp Improves Heterologous Protein Expression. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10020358. [PMID: 35208816 PMCID: PMC8879370 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10020358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavohemoglobins, which are widely distributed in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, play key roles in oxygen (O2) transport and nitric oxide (·NO) defense. Hmp is the flavohemoglobin of Escherichia coli, and here we report that the translational fusion of Hmp to the N-terminus of heterologous proteins increases their expression in E. coli. The effect required the fusion of the proteins, and was independent of both the O2-binding and catalytic activity of Hmp. Increased expression was at the translational level, likely to be downstream of initiation, and we observed that as little as the first 100 amino acids of Hmp were sufficient to boost protein production. These data demonstrate the potential of Hmp as an N-terminal fusion tag to increase protein yield, and suggest that the utility of bacterial hemoglobins to biotechnology goes beyond their O2 transport and ·NO detoxification capabilities.
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Taymaz-Nikerel H, Lara AR. Vitreoscilla Haemoglobin: A Tool to Reduce Overflow Metabolism. Microorganisms 2021; 10:microorganisms10010043. [PMID: 35056491 PMCID: PMC8779101 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10010043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Overflow metabolism is a phenomenon extended in nature, ranging from microbial to cancer cells. Accumulation of overflow metabolites pose a challenge for large-scale bioprocesses. Yet, the causes of overflow metabolism are not fully clarified. In this work, the underlying mechanisms, reasons and consequences of overflow metabolism in different organisms have been summarized. The reported effect of aerobic expression of Vitreoscilla haemoglobin (VHb) in different organisms are revised. The use of VHb to reduce overflow metabolism is proposed and studied through flux balance analysis in E. coli at a fixed maximum substrate and oxygen uptake rates. Simulations showed that the presence of VHb increases the growth rate, while decreasing acetate production, in line with the experimental measurements. Therefore, aerobic VHb expression is considered a potential tool to reduce overflow metabolism in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilal Taymaz-Nikerel
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Istanbul Bilgi University, İstanbul 34060, Turkey;
| | - Alvaro R. Lara
- Departamento de Procesos y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City 05348, Mexico
- Correspondence:
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