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Baidya M, De Sarkar S. Electrosynthesis of 1,2,3-Benzotriazines through an Iodide-Catalyzed Skeletal Editing of 3-Aminoindazoles. Chemistry 2024:e202401900. [PMID: 38932565 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
This report describes an environmentally benign synthesis of 1,2,3-benzotriazines through an iodide-catalyzed electro-oxidative N-centered [1,2]-rearrangement of 3-aminoindazoles. The developed method demonstrates the activation of heteroatoms via electrochemically generated reactive iodide species without using any metal catalysts and peroxides. The protocol features practical and mild reaction conditions and displays a wide substrate scope. Various mechanistic experiments and cyclic voltammetric studies have been instrumental in elucidating the reaction mechanism, operating via a skeletal rearrangement of 3-aminoindazoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mrinmay Baidya
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, 741246, Mohanpur, India
| | - Suman De Sarkar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, 741246, Mohanpur, India
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2
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Gangasani JK, Yarasi S, Naidu VGM, Vaidya JR. Triazine based chemical entities for anticancer activity. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2022-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Triazine is a six-membered aromatic nitrogen heterocyclic moiety that was extensively investigated because of its biological properties and, in particular anticancer potentials. Kinases play a crucial role in cancer cell proliferation and metabolism. Triazine derivatives show anticancer activity by inhibiting the lipid kinases like phosphoinositide 3-kinases, mammalian target of rapamycin, receptor tyrosine kinases, like focal adhesion kinase, cyclin-dependent kinases, Rho-associated protein kinases, p21-activated kinases, carbonic anhydrases, enolase inhibitors, microtubules inhibitors, and histone deacetylases. The present chapter highlights the synthesis of triazine-based derivatives, their characterization, evaluation of anticancer properties, and their journey towards possible medicine for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagadees Kumar Gangasani
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology , National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) , Guwahati , 781101 , Assam , India
| | - Siwaswarup Yarasi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology , National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) , Guwahati , 781101 , Assam , India
| | - Vegi Ganga Modi Naidu
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology , National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) , Guwahati , 781101 , Assam , India
| | - Jayathirtha Rao Vaidya
- Fluoro Agro Chemicals Department and AcSIR-Ghaziabad , CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology , Uppal Road Tarnaka , Hyderabad , 500007 , Telangana , India
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3
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Khattab SN, Khalil HH, Bekhit AA, Abd El-Rahman MM, de la Torre BG, El-Faham A, Albericio F. 1,3,5-Triazino Peptide Derivatives: Synthesis, Characterization, and Preliminary Antileishmanial Activity. ChemMedChem 2018; 13:725-735. [PMID: 29388337 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201700770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A library of short di-, tri-, and tetra-peptides with an s-triazine moiety at the N terminus and either an amide or ethyl ester C terminus was prepared in solution and on the solid phase. The two remaining positions of the s-triazine moiety were substituted with methoxy, morpholino, or piperidino groups. All the synthesized peptide derivatives were analyzed by HPLC and fully characterized by IR spectroscopy, 1 H and 13 C NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and mass spectrometry (MALDI TOF/TOF). A preliminary study of the antileishmanial activity of the 1,3,5-triazinyl peptide derivatives revealed that four dipeptide amide derivatives showed higher antipromastigote or antiamastigote activity than the reference standard drug miltefosine with no significance acute toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherine N Khattab
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426, Ibrahimia, Alexandria, 21321, Egypt.,Cancer Nanotechnology Research Laboratory(CNRL), Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt
| | - Hosam H Khalil
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426, Ibrahimia, Alexandria, 21321, Egypt
| | - Adnan A Bekhit
- Cancer Nanotechnology Research Laboratory(CNRL), Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Abd El-Rahman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426, Ibrahimia, Alexandria, 21321, Egypt
| | - Beatriz G de la Torre
- KRISP, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4001, South Africa
| | - Ayman El-Faham
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426, Ibrahimia, Alexandria, 21321, Egypt.,Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fernando Albericio
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.,School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4001, South Africa.,CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Barcelona Science Park, Barcelona, 08028, Spain.,Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
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Cascioferro S, Parrino B, Spanò V, Carbone A, Montalbano A, Barraja P, Diana P, Cirrincione G. Synthesis and antitumor activities of 1,2,3-triazines and their benzo- and heterofused derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 142:74-86. [PMID: 28615111 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
1,2,3-Triazines are a class of biologically active compounds that exhibit a broad spectrum of activities, including antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antiproliferative, analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. This review, which covers the literature from the end of last century to 2016, treats, through a comprehensive, systematic approach, the 1,2,3-triazine and related benzo- and hetero-fused derivatives possessing antitumor activity. Their efficacy, combined with a simple synthesis confers to these molecules a great potential as scaffold for the development of antitumor compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Cascioferro
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Barbara Parrino
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Virginia Spanò
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Anna Carbone
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandra Montalbano
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Paola Barraja
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Patrizia Diana
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Girolamo Cirrincione
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy.
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Kobayashi K, Chikazawa Y. One-Pot Synthesis of 3-Substituted 3,4-Dihydro-1,2,3-benzotriazine Derivatives Based on the Reaction ofo-Bromobenzyl Azides with Butyllithium. Helv Chim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201500234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Parrino B, Carbone A, Muscarella M, Spanò V, Montalbano A, Barraja P, Salvador A, Vedaldi D, Cirrincione G, Diana P. 11H-Pyrido[3′,2′:4,5]pyrrolo[3,2-c]cinnoline and Pyrido[3′,2′:4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-c][1,2,3]benzotriazine: Two New Ring Systems with Antitumor Activity. J Med Chem 2014; 57:9495-511. [DOI: 10.1021/jm501244f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Parrino
- Dipartimento
di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Anna Carbone
- Dipartimento
di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Marina Muscarella
- Dipartimento
di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Virginia Spanò
- Dipartimento
di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandra Montalbano
- Dipartimento
di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Paola Barraja
- Dipartimento
di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessia Salvador
- Dipartimento
di Scienze del Farmaco, Università di Padova, Via F. Marzolo
5, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Daniela Vedaldi
- Dipartimento
di Scienze del Farmaco, Università di Padova, Via F. Marzolo
5, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Girolamo Cirrincione
- Dipartimento
di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Patrizia Diana
- Dipartimento
di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
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Toropov AA, Veselinović JB, Veselinović AM, Miljković FN, Toropova AP. QSAR models for 1,2,4-benzotriazines as Src inhibitors based on Monte Carlo method. Med Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-014-1132-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Synthesis and biological evaluation of substituted 1,2,3-benzotriazines and pyrido[3,2-d]-1,2,3-triazines as inhibitors of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:7807-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2013] [Revised: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Sahin K, Sarıpınar E, Yanmaz E, Geçen N. Quantitative bioactivity prediction and pharmacophore identification for benzotriazine derivatives using the electron conformational-genetic algorithm in QSAR. SAR AND QSAR IN ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2011; 22:217-238. [PMID: 21391137 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2010.548341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The electron conformational-genetic algorithm (EC-GA), a sophisticated hybrid approach combining the GA and EC methods, has been employed for a 4D-QSAR procedure to identify the pharmacophore for benzotriazines as sarcoma inhibitors and for quantitative prediction of activity. The calculated geometry and electronic structure parameters of every atom and bond of each molecule are arranged in a matrix described as the electron-conformational matrix of contiguity (ECMC). By comparing the ECMC of one of the most active compounds with other ECMCs we were able to obtain the features of the pharmacophore responsible for the activity, as submatrices of the template known as electron conformational submatrices of activity. The GA was used to select the most important descriptors and to predict the theoretical activity of training and test sets. The predictivity of the model was internally validated. The best QSAR model was selected, having r² = 0.9008, standard error = 0.0510 and cross-validated squared correlation coefficient, q² = 0.8192.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Sahin
- Bitlis Eren University, Science and Art Faculty, Department of Chemistry, Bitlis, Turkey
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