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Ben Mansour F, Ayadi H, van Pelt J, Elfeki A, Bellassoued K. Antioxidant and Protective Effect of Ocimum basilicum Seeds Extract on Renal Toxicity Induced by Carbon Tetrachloride in Rats. J Med Food 2024; 27:60-71. [PMID: 38150214 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2023.0184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is distributed worldwide and used in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. Most applications are for the herb basil, recently the basil seeds have also been used commercially; however, little is known about the nutritional and functional properties of the seeds. The present study aimed to investigate a possible protective effect of the methanol extract of O. basilicum seeds (MEOB), based on its phytochemical content, against kidney toxicity induced by CCl4 in adult rats. A single dose of CCl4 was used to induce oxidative stress in rats, which was demonstrated by a significant rise of serum enzyme markers. MEOB was administrated for 15 consecutive days (200 mg/kg body weight) to Wistar rats before CCl4 treatment and the effects on serum urea, creatinine, and uric acid, as well as the kidney superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione activity and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and protein carbonyl (PCO) levels were evaluated. In addition, histopathological examinations of kidneys were performed. In the positive control group, CCl4 induced an increase in serum biochemical parameters and triggered oxidative stress in the kidney. MEOB (200 mg/kg BW) resulted in significant reduction of CCl4-elevated levels of kidney markers, urea and creatinine, and a significant increase of uric acid compared with the CCl4-only group. In addition, MEOB pretreatment resulted in a significant reduction in lipid peroxidation and PCO levels in renal tissue compared with CCl4-exposed group. MEOB definitely could prevent the development of pathological changes in the kidneys. Overall, we conclude that MEOB is effective in protecting renal function from CCl4 toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Ben Mansour
- Laboratory of Biodiversity and Aquatic Ecosystems, Ecology and Planktonology, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax Tunisia, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Habib Ayadi
- Laboratory of Biodiversity and Aquatic Ecosystems, Ecology and Planktonology, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax Tunisia, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Jos van Pelt
- Laboratory of Clinical Digestive Oncology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Abdelfattah Elfeki
- Animal Ecophysiology Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax Tunisia, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Khaled Bellassoued
- Animal Ecophysiology Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax Tunisia, Sfax, Tunisia
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Subash-Babu P, Mohammed Alowaidh H, Al-Harbi LN, Shamlan G, Aloud AA, AlSedairy SA, Alshatwi AA. Ocimum basilicum L. Methanol Extract Enhances Mitochondrial Efficiency and Decreases Adipokine Levels in Maturing Adipocytes Which Regulate Macrophage Systemic Inflammation. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27041388. [PMID: 35209178 PMCID: PMC8876186 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive storage of lipids in visceral or ectopic sites stimulates adipokine production, which attracts macrophages. This process determines the pro- and anti-inflammatory response regulation in adipose tissue during obesity-associated systemic inflammation. The present study aimed to identify the composition of Ocimum basilicum L. (basil) seed extract and to determine its bio-efficacy on adipocyte thermogenesis or fatty acid oxidation and inhibition of lipid accumulation and adipokine secretion. Ocimum basilicum L. seed methanol extract (BSME) was utilized to analyze the cytotoxicity vs. control; lipid accumulation assay (oil red O and Nile red staining), adipogenesis and mitochondrial-thermogenesis-related gene expression vs. vehicle control were analyzed by PCR assay. In addition, vehicle control and BSME-treated adipocytes condition media were collected and treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophage to identify the macrophage polarization. The results shown that the active components present in BSME did not produce significant cytotoxicity in preadipocytes or macrophages in the MTT assay. Furthermore, oil red O and Nile red staining assay confirmed that 80 and 160 μg/dL concentrations of BSME effectively arrested lipid accumulation and inhibited adipocyte maturation, when compared with tea polyphenols. Gene expression level of adipocyte hyperplasia (CEBPα, PPARγ) and lipogenesis (LPL)-related genes have been significantly (p ≤ 0.05) downregulated, and mitochondrial-thermogenesis-associated genes (PPARγc1α, UCP-1, prdm16) have been significantly (p ≤ 0.001) upregulated. The BSME-treated, maturing, adipocyte-secreted proteins were detected with a decreased protein level of leptin, TNF-α, IL-6 and STAT-6, which are associated with insulin resistance and macrophage recruitment. The “LPS-stimulated macrophage” treated with “BSME-treated adipocytes condition media”, shown with significant (p ≤ 0.001) decrease in metabolic-inflammation-related proteins—such as PGE-2, MCP-1, TNF-α and NF-κB—were majorly associated with the development of foam cell formation and progression of atherosclerotic lesion. The present findings concluded that the availability of active principles in basil seed effectively inhibit adipocyte hypertrophy, macrophage polarization, and the inflammation associated with insulin resistance and thrombosis development. Ocimum basilicum L. seed may be useful as a dietary supplement to enhance fatty acid oxidation, which aids in overcoming metabolic complications.
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Subash-Babu P, Al-Saran N, M Alshammari G, Naif Al-Harbi L, Hussain Alhussain M, Shamlan G, Abdulaziz AlSedairy S, Abdullah Alshatwi A. Evaluation of Biosafety, Antiobesity, and Endothelial Cells Proliferation Potential of Basil Seed Extract Loaded Organic Solid Lipid Nanoparticle. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:722258. [PMID: 34671255 PMCID: PMC8521050 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.722258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to synthesize solid lipid nanoparticles to enhance liposome-assisted intracellular uptake of basil seed active components in adipocytes and vascular smooth muscle cells to attain increased bioavailability. To obtain solid lipid nanoparticle (SLNp), the water phase containing basil seed extract (BSE) was encapsulated with lipid matrix containing chia seed phospholipids using homogenization and cold ultra-sonication method. The physicochemical characterization of BSE loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (BSE-SLNp) has been analyzed using Zetasizer, FT-IR, and TEM. The BSE-SLNp showed an average diameter of 20-110 nm on the day of preparation and it remains the same after 60 days of storage. The cytotoxicity assay confirmed that the BSE-SLNp did not produce toxicity in hMSCs, preadipocytes, or human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) until the tested higher dose up to 64 μg/ml. During effective dose determination, 4 μg/ml of BSE-SLNp confirmed non-toxic and enhanced metabolic function in hMSCs, preadipocytes, and HUVECs. Biosafety assay confirmed normal nuclear morphology in PI staining and high mitochondrial membrane potential in JC-1 assay within 48 h in hMSCs. The maturing adipocyte treated with 4 μg/ml of BSE-SLNp significantly increased the mitochondrial efficiency and fatty acid beta-oxidation (PPARγC1α, UCP-1, and PRDM-16) related gene expression levels. Oxidative stress induced HUVECs treated with 4 μg/ml of BSE-SLNp potentially enhanced antioxidant capacity, cell growth, and microtubule development within 48 h H2O2 induced oxidative stressed HUVECs have shown 39.8% viable cells, but treatment with BSE-SLNp has shown 99% of viable cells within 48 h confirmed by Annexin-V assay. In addition, mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) increased to 89.4% confirmed by JC-1 assay. The observed DNA integrity, cell viability was confirmed by increased antioxidant and tumor suppressor-related gene expression levels. VEGF expression has been significantly increased and pro-inflammation-related mRNA levels were decreased in BSE-SLNp treated cells. In conclusion, enhanced adipocyte fatty acid oxidation is directly associated with decreased adipocytokine secretion which arrests obesity-associated comorbidities. In addition, suppressing vascular cell oxidative stress and metabolic inflammation supports vascular cell proliferation and arrests ageing-related vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pandurangan Subash-Babu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada Al-Saran
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghedeir M Alshammari
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Laila Naif Al-Harbi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Hussain Alhussain
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghalia Shamlan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sahar Abdulaziz AlSedairy
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Abdullah Alshatwi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Carter-Cooper BA, Fletcher S, Ferraris D, Choi EY, Kronfli D, Dash S, Truong P, Sausville EA, Lapidus RG, Emadi A. Synthesis, characterization and antineoplastic activity of bis-aziridinyl dimeric naphthoquinone - A novel class of compounds with potent activity against acute myeloid leukemia cells. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 27:6-10. [PMID: 27890379 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis, characterization and antileukemic activity of rationally designed amino dimeric naphthoquinone (BiQ) possessing aziridine as alkylating moiety is described. Bis-aziridinyl BiQ decreased proliferation of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell lines and primary cells from patients, and exhibited potent (nanomolar) inhibition of colony formation and overall cell survival in AML cells. Effective production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and double stranded DNA breaks (DSB) induced by bis-aziridinyl BiQ is reported. Bis-dimethylamine BiQ, as the isostere of bis-aziridinyl BiQ but without the alkylating moiety did not show as potent anti-AML activity. Systemic administration of bis-aziridinyl BiQ was well tolerated in NSG mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon A Carter-Cooper
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Steven Fletcher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland, School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Dana Ferraris
- Department of Chemistry, McDaniel College, Westminster, MD, United States
| | - Eun Yong Choi
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Dahlia Kronfli
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Smaraki Dash
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Phuc Truong
- Department of Chemistry, McDaniel College, Westminster, MD, United States
| | - Edward A Sausville
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Rena G Lapidus
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ashkan Emadi
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, United States.
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Chemistry of phosphorus ylides. Part 38: Synthesis and anticancer activity of cyclobutane, oxaphosphetane, oxaphosphinine, azaphosphetidene, and pyridazine derivatives. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-013-1124-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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2-[2-(Aziridin-1-yl)ethyl]-5,5-dimethyl-2,5-dihydro-4H-benzo [e]isoindol-4-one (Cytotoxic Oxonaphthalene-Pyrroles, Part IV). MOLBANK 2012. [DOI: 10.3390/m781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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2-[3-(Aziridin-1-yl)-2-hydroxypropyl]-5,5-dimethyl-2,5-dihydro-4H-benzo[e]isoindol-4-one (Cytotoxic Oxonaphthalene-Pyrroles, Part III). MOLBANK 2012. [DOI: 10.3390/m772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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