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Walsh OD, Choi L, Sigdel KP. Effect of CM15 on Supported Lipid Bilayer Probed by Atomic Force Microscopy. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:864. [PMID: 37999350 PMCID: PMC10672887 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13110864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides are key components of the immune system. These peptides affect the membrane in various ways; some form nano-sized pores, while others only produce minor defects. Since these peptides are increasingly important in developing antimicrobial drugs, understanding the mechanism of their interactions with lipid bilayers is critical. Here, using atomic force microscopy (AFM), we investigated the effect of a synthetic hybrid peptide, CM15, on the membrane surface comprising E. coli polar lipid extract. Direct imaging of supported lipid bilayers exposed to various concentrations of the peptide revealed significant membrane remodeling. We found that CM15 interacts with supported lipid bilayers and forms membrane-spanning defects very quickly. It is found that CM15 is capable of remodeling both leaflets of the bilayer. For lower CM15 concentrations, punctate void-like defects were observed, some of which re-sealed themselves as a function of time. However, for CM15 concentrations higher than 5 µM, the defects on the bilayers became so widespread that they disrupted the membrane integrity completely. This work enhances the understanding of CM15 interactions with the bacterial lipid bilayer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Krishna P. Sigdel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, CA 91768, USA
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2
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Abbasali Z, Pirestani M, Dalimi A, Badri M, Fasihi-Ramandi M. Anti-parasitic activity of a chimeric peptide Cecropin A (2-8)-Melittin (6-9) (CM11) against tachyzoites of Toxoplasma gondii and the BALB/c mouse model of acute toxoplasmosis. Mol Biochem Parasitol 2023; 255:111578. [PMID: 37348706 DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2023.111578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic disease that infects most animals, including humans. Pyrimethamine/sulfadiazine is the standard treatment for toxoplasmosis. Although this treatment has been successful, it is often associated with side effects that cannot be tolerated. Therefore, various compounds have been proposed as alternative treatments for toxoplasmosis. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) act on various pathogens, from viruses to protozoa. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of CM11 on in vitro and in vivo Toxoplasma gondii infection. For in vitro experiments, VERO cells were treated with different concentrations of CM11 (1-128 μg/ml) compared to sulfadiazine (SDZ) (0.78-100 μg/ml). MTT and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays evaluated the cell viability and plasma membrane integrity. Then, the inhibitory concentration (IC50) values were determined for treating tachyzoites of T. gondii before or on cells previously infected. Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide (PI) staining was used to distinguish viable and apoptotic cells. The effect of CM11, SDZ, and a combination of CM11 and SDZ was evaluated in the BALB/c mouse model of acute toxoplasmosis. CM11 was effective on tachyzoites of T. gondii and had a time and dose-dependent manner. The results of the MTT assay showed that the CC50 values of CM11 and SDZ were estimated at 17.4 µg/ml and 62.3 µg/ml after 24-h, respectively. The inhibitory concentration (IC50) of CM11 and SDZ on infected cells was estimated at 1.9 µg/ml and 1.4 µg/ml after 24-h, respectively. The highest rate of apoptosis (early and late) in high concentrations of SDZ and CM11 was determined for tachyzoites (2.13 % and 13.88 %), non-infected VERO cells (6.1 % and 19.76 %), and infected VERO cells (7.45 % and 29.9 %), respectively. Treating infected mice with CM11 and a combination of CM11 and SDZ had increased survival time. Based on the mentioned results, it can be concluded that CM11 has a beneficial effect on tachyzoites of T. gondii in vitro. The result of the mouse model suggests that CM11, either alone or in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents, could be a potential therapeutic for toxoplasmosis. Hence, antimicrobial peptides could be applied as promising anti-toxoplasma agents for treating toxoplasmosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Abbasali
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Pirestani
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Abdolhossein Dalimi
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Milad Badri
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Mahdi Fasihi-Ramandi
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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3
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Esmaeilifallah M, Khanahmad H, Ghayour Z, Saberi S, Kalantari R, Hejazi SH. Evaluation of the antileishmanial effect of polyclonal antibodies and cationic antimicrobial peptides. Pathog Glob Health 2022; 117:366-380. [PMID: 35861705 PMCID: PMC10177747 DOI: 10.1080/20477724.2022.2101838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is one of the tropical and subtropical diseases which, according to WHO, has the priority of control. The list of anti-leishmanial drugs is limited and requires side effects, high costs, and long-term treatments. Various species, parasite resistance, and simultaneous diseases are among the factors that affect the effectiveness of treatment. Due to these problems and based on satisfactory records of previous studies using antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) against infectious diseases, this study aimed to evaluate the antileishmanial effect of Leishmania-infected macrophage polyclonal antibody (LIMPA) with or without different concentrations (2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 20, 40, 60, and 100 µg/ml) of CM11 and (40, 80, and 100 µg/ml) BufIIIb, two AMPs, in vitro and their therapeutic effects against CL of Balb/c mice. Results showed that LIMPA induced an anti-proliferative effect on Leishmania major growth in macrophages in vitro and intramacrophage-amastigotes in vivo. CM11 with IC50 of 8.73 and 10.10 μg/ml at 48 hours, and BufIIIb with IC50 of 66.83 and 80.26 μg/ml, at 24 hours showed the most significant inhibition of L. major promastigotes and amastigotes. In addition, the CM11 and BufIIIb, with a CC50 of 9.7 μg/ml and 40.34 μg/ml, showed the most significant inhibition effect on the J774.A1 cell line at 48 hours, respectively. In addition, in vivo experiments using LIMPA with a 0.01 mg/kg dosage showed a significant difference (p < 0.001) in the last week of the measurement compared to the control. The results of this study may be a promising prospect for further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Esmaeilifallah
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hossein Khanahmad
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zahra Ghayour
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sedighe Saberi
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Reza Kalantari
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Seyed Hossein Hejazi
- Skin Diseases and Leishmaniasis Research Centre, Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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4
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PepFect14 Signaling and Transfection. Methods Mol Biol 2021. [PMID: 34766293 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1752-6_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
PepFect14 is a cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) derived from stearylated transportan-10 (strearil-TP10) with which it shares the stearic acid residue on C' terminus and the amino acid sequence except for lysines that in PepFect14 are substituted with ornithines. Being non-proteinogenic amino acids, ornithines make PepFect14 less sensitive to serum proteases and due to its positive charges the CPP can form complexes with negatively charged cargos, such as splice correcting oligonucleotides (SCOs), plasmid DNA (pDNA), and proteins. It has been reported that PepFect14/SCO complexes enter the cells mainly through endocytosis, in particular: macopinocitosys and caveolae-mediated endocytosis through the interaction with two receptors of the scavenger receptors class A family (SCARAs). PepFect14 and its complexes trigger the chaperone-mediated autophagy response involving the heat shock protein family (HSP70) whose inhibition leads to an increase of PepFect14 transfection efficacy. Exploiting the interaction between HSP70 and PepFect14 and their ability to form nanoparticle. HSP70 has been delivered in Bomirsky Hamster Melanoma cells (BHM) using PepFect14 of which a protocol is described at the end of this chapter.
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5
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Juhász T, Quemé-Peña M, Kővágó B, Mihály J, Ricci M, Horváti K, Bősze S, Zsila F, Beke-Somfai T. Interplay between membrane active host defense peptides and heme modulates their assemblies and in vitro activity. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18328. [PMID: 34526616 PMCID: PMC8443738 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97779-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In the emerging era of antimicrobial resistance, the susceptibility to co-infections of patients suffering from either acquired or inherited hemolytic disorders can lead to dramatic increase in mortality rates. Closely related, heme liberated during hemolysis is one of the major sources of iron, which is vital for both host and invading microorganisms. While recent intensive research in the field has demonstrated that heme exerts diverse local effects including impairment of immune cells functions, it is almost completely unknown how it may compromise key molecules of our innate immune system, such as antimicrobial host defense peptides (HDPs). Since HDPs hold great promise as natural therapeutic agents against antibiotic-resistant microbes, understanding the effects that may modulate their action in microbial infection is crucial. Here we explore how hemin can interact directly with selected HDPs and influence their structure and membrane activity. It is revealed that induced helical folding, large assembly formation, and altered membrane activity is promoted by hemin. However, these effects showed variations depending mainly on peptide selectivity toward charged lipids, and the affinity of the peptide and hemin to lipid bilayers. Hemin-peptide complexes are sought to form semi-folded co-assemblies, which are present even with model membranes resembling mammalian or bacterial lipid compositions. In vitro cell-based toxicity assays supported that toxic effects of HDPs could be attenuated due to their assembly formation. These results are in line with our previous findings on peptide-lipid-small molecule systems suggesting that small molecules present in the complex in vivo milieu can regulate HDP function. Inversely, diverse effects of endogenous compounds could also be manipulated by HDPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tünde Juhász
- grid.425578.90000 0004 0512 3755Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mayra Quemé-Peña
- grid.425578.90000 0004 0512 3755Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary ,grid.5591.80000 0001 2294 6276Hevesy György PhD School of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bence Kővágó
- grid.425578.90000 0004 0512 3755Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Judith Mihály
- grid.425578.90000 0004 0512 3755Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Maria Ricci
- grid.425578.90000 0004 0512 3755Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kata Horváti
- grid.5591.80000 0001 2294 6276ELKH-ELTE Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary ,grid.5591.80000 0001 2294 6276Department of Organic Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Szilvia Bősze
- grid.5591.80000 0001 2294 6276ELKH-ELTE Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Zsila
- grid.425578.90000 0004 0512 3755Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Beke-Somfai
- grid.425578.90000 0004 0512 3755Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
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Ma L, Luo Y, Ma YH, Lu X. Interaction between Antimicrobial Peptide CM15 and a Model Cell Membrane Affected by CM15 Terminal Amidation and the Membrane Phase State. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:1613-1621. [PMID: 33464910 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c03498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been proposed as an effective class of antimicrobial agents against microorganisms. In this work, the interaction between an antimicrobial peptide, CM15, and a negatively charged phospholipid bilayer, DPPG, was studied via sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy. Two structurally correlated characteristic variables were introduced to reveal the interaction mechanism/efficiency, i.e. C-terminal amidation and temperature variation (∼20 °C, room temperature, and ∼35 °C, close to human body temperature). Experimental results indicated that owing to the increased positive charge, C-terminal amidation resulted in rapid adsorption onto the bilayer surface and efficient disruption of the outer layer, exhibiting less ordered insertion orientation. The elevated temperature (from ∼20 °C to ∼35 °C) promoted the penetration of both the outer and inner leaflets by the peptides and finally led to the disruption of the whole bilayer owing to the enhanced fluidity of the bilayer. From the perspective of the interaction mechanism, this experimental study provides two practical cues to understand the disruption process of the negatively charged model biomembranes, which can lay the structural foundation for designing and developing high-efficiency antimicrobial peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Yongsheng Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Hao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
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7
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Ziaja M, Dziedzic A, Szafraniec K, Piastowska-Ciesielska A. Cecropins in cancer therapies-where we have been? Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 882:173317. [PMID: 32603694 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Oncological diseases are invariably a challenge for the modern world. Therefore, in recent decades, scientists have begun to look for compounds of natural origin that will be able to support or independently be used in oncological therapy. Among the antimicrobial proteins (AMPs), a promising family of peptides isolated from the immunized hemolymph of Hyalophora cecropia pupae has been distinguished. The cecropin family is not only characterized by antimicrobial and antifungal properties, but most importantly also has anticancer properties. Their antitumor potential is confirmed by in vitro studies conducted on several different cell lines, among others, prostate and breast cancer cell lines. This paper presents publications demonstrating cytolytic properties against tumour cells of members belonging to the cecropin family, as well as synthesized cecropin B with the introduced modification of its sequence and conjugated cecropin B with a modified luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH). Moreover, three models of cecropin mechanisms of action are also described. The benefits and limitations associated with the use of these peptides in oncological therapy have also been demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maksymilian Ziaja
- Medical University of Lodz, Department of Cell Culture and Genomic Analysis, Poland.
| | - Ada Dziedzic
- Medical University of Lodz, Department of Cell Culture and Genomic Analysis, Poland
| | - Kacper Szafraniec
- Medical University of Lodz, Department of Cell Culture and Genomic Analysis, Poland
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8
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Singh P, Szigyártó IC, Ricci M, Zsila F, Juhász T, Mihály J, Bősze S, Bulyáki É, Kardos J, Kitka D, Varga Z, Beke-Somfai T. Membrane Active Peptides Remove Surface Adsorbed Protein Corona From Extracellular Vesicles of Red Blood Cells. Front Chem 2020; 8:703. [PMID: 32850685 PMCID: PMC7432246 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Besides the outstanding potential in biomedical applications, extracellular vesicles (EVs) are also promising candidates to expand our knowledge on interactions between vesicular surface proteins and small-molecules which exert biomembrane-related functions. Here we provide mechanistic details on interactions between membrane active peptides with antimicrobial effect (MAPs) and red blood cell derived EVs (REVs) and we demonstrate that they have the capacity to remove members of the protein corona from REVs even at lower than 5 μM concentrations. In case of REVs, the Soret-band arising from the membrane associated hemoglobins allowed to follow the detachment process by flow-Linear Dichroism (flow-LD). Further on, the significant change on the vesicle surfaces was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Since membrane active peptides, such as melittin have the affinity to disrupt vesicles, a combination of techniques, fluorescent antibody labeling, microfluidic resistive pulse sensing, and flow-LD were employed to distinguish between membrane destruction and surface protein detachment. The removal of protein corona members is a newly identified role for the investigated peptides, which indicates complexity of their in vivo function, but may also be exploited in synthetic and natural nanoparticle engineering. Furthermore, results also promote that EVs can be used as improved model systems for biophysical studies providing insight to areas with so far limited knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Singh
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Imola Cs Szigyártó
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Maria Ricci
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Zsila
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tünde Juhász
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Judith Mihály
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Szilvia Bősze
- MTA-ELTE Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Éva Bulyáki
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - József Kardos
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Diána Kitka
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Varga
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Beke-Somfai
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
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9
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Kordestani Shargh E, Pirestani M, Sadraei J. In vitro toxicity evaluation of short cationic antimicrobial peptide (CM11) on Blastocystis sp. Acta Trop 2020; 204:105384. [PMID: 32017895 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Blastocystis infection accounts for one of the causes of gastrointestinal problems with the prevalence rate of 3-100% worldwide. There is a wide range of drugs examined for the treatment of infected patients, among them metronidazole (MTZ) has been introduced as one of the efficient drugs. Besides to the suitable clinical effects, the administration of MTZ has some reported side-effects which emphasize on the identification of putative alternates. To this end, we aimed to evaluate the cytotoxicity effect of a newly-introduced synthetic antimicrobial peptide (AMP) named CM11 on in vitro cultured Blastocystis. Our results exhibited that CM11 treatment affected the viability of parasites in two cultural conditions including culturing alone and in co-culture with the Caco-2 cell line. The time- and dose-dependent effect of CM11 was consistent with the effect of MTZ which was used as control positive. The highest toxicity effect of CM11 was observed at the concentration of 24 μg/ml, leading to 28.7% and 25% viable parasites after 24 h and 48 h incubation times, respectively. Interestingly, the disruption of the Blastocystis cell membrane could be observed in the treated parasites. Therefore, CM11 can be suggested as a potential treatment for Blastocystis-infected patients after further in vitro and in vivo assessments.
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10
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Quemé-Peña M, Juhász T, Mihály J, Cs Szigyártó I, Horváti K, Bősze S, Henczkó J, Pályi B, Németh C, Varga Z, Zsila F, Beke-Somfai T. Manipulating Active Structure and Function of Cationic Antimicrobial Peptide CM15 with the Polysulfonated Drug Suramin: A Step Closer to in Vivo Complexity. Chembiochem 2019; 20:1578-1590. [PMID: 30720915 PMCID: PMC6618317 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201800801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) kill bacteria by targeting their membranes through various mechanisms involving peptide assembly, often coupled with disorder‐to‐order structural transition. However, for several AMPs, similar conformational changes in cases in which small organic compounds of both endogenous and exogenous origin have induced folded peptide conformations have recently been reported. Thus, the function of AMPs and of natural host defence peptides can be significantly affected by the local complex molecular environment in vivo; nonetheless, this area is hardly explored. To address the relevance of such interactions with regard to structure and function, we have tested the effects of the therapeutic drug suramin on the membrane activity and antibacterial efficiency of CM15, a potent hybrid AMP. The results provided insight into a dynamic system in which peptide interaction with lipid bilayers is interfered with by the competitive binding of CM15 to suramin, resulting in an equilibrium dependent on peptide‐to‐drug ratio and vesicle surface charge. In vitro bacterial tests showed that when CM15⋅suramin complex formation dominates over membrane binding, antimicrobial activity is abolished. On the basis of this case study, it is proposed that small‐molecule secondary structure regulators can modify AMP function and that this should be considered and could potentially be exploited in future development of AMP‐based antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayra Quemé-Peña
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tünde Juhász
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Judith Mihály
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Imola Cs Szigyártó
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kata Horváti
- MTA-ELTE Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Szilvia Bősze
- MTA-ELTE Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Judit Henczkó
- National Biosafety Laboratory, National Public Health Center, Albert Flórián út 2, 1097, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bernadett Pályi
- National Biosafety Laboratory, National Public Health Center, Albert Flórián út 2, 1097, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csaba Németh
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Varga
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Zsila
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Beke-Somfai
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
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11
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Manzo G, Ferguson PM, Gustilo VB, Hind CK, Clifford M, Bui TT, Drake AF, Atkinson RA, Sutton JM, Batoni G, Lorenz CD, Phoenix DA, Mason AJ. Minor sequence modifications in temporin B cause drastic changes in antibacterial potency and selectivity by fundamentally altering membrane activity. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1385. [PMID: 30718667 PMCID: PMC6362004 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37630-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a potential source of new molecules to counter the increase in antimicrobial resistant infections but a better understanding of their properties is required to understand their native function and for effective translation as therapeutics. Details of the mechanism of their interaction with the bacterial plasma membrane are desired since damage or penetration of this structure is considered essential for AMPs activity. Relatively modest modifications to AMPs primary sequence can induce substantial changes in potency and/or spectrum of activity but, hitherto, have not been predicted to substantially alter the mechanism of interaction with the bacterial plasma membrane. Here we use a combination of molecular dynamics simulations, circular dichroism, solid-state NMR and patch clamp to investigate the extent to which temporin B and its analogues can be distinguished both in vitro and in silico on the basis of their interactions with model membranes. Enhancing the hydrophobicity of the N-terminus and cationicity of the C-terminus in temporin B improves its membrane activity and potency against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. In contrast, enhancing the cationicity of the N-terminus abrogates its ability to trigger channel conductance and renders it ineffective against Gram-positive bacteria while nevertheless enhancing its potency against Escherichia coli. Our findings suggest even closely related AMPs may target the same bacterium with fundamentally differing mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Manzo
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Philip M Ferguson
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - V Benjamin Gustilo
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte K Hind
- Technology Development Group, National Infection Service, Public Health England, Salisbury, UK
| | - Melanie Clifford
- Technology Development Group, National Infection Service, Public Health England, Salisbury, UK
| | - Tam T Bui
- Centre for Biomolecular Spectroscopy and Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, New Hunt's House, London, SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - Alex F Drake
- Centre for Biomolecular Spectroscopy and Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, New Hunt's House, London, SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - R Andrew Atkinson
- Centre for Biomolecular Spectroscopy and Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, New Hunt's House, London, SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - J Mark Sutton
- Technology Development Group, National Infection Service, Public Health England, Salisbury, UK
| | - Giovanna Batoni
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Christian D Lorenz
- Department of Physics, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | - David A Phoenix
- School of Applied Science, London South Bank University, 103 Borough Road, London, SE1 0AA, United Kingdom
| | - A James Mason
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, United Kingdom.
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12
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Silva T, Claro B, Silva BFB, Vale N, Gomes P, Gomes MS, Funari SS, Teixeira J, Uhríková D, Bastos M. Unravelling a Mechanism of Action for a Cecropin A-Melittin Hybrid Antimicrobial Peptide: The Induced Formation of Multilamellar Lipid Stacks. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:2158-2170. [PMID: 29304549 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b03639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
An understanding of the mechanism of action of antimicrobial peptides is fundamental to the development of new and more active antibiotics. In the present work, we use a wide range of techniques (SANS, SAXD, DSC, ITC, CD, and confocal and electron microscopy) in order to fully characterize the interaction of a cecropin A-melittin hybrid antimicrobial peptide, CA(1-7)M(2-9), of known antimicrobial activity, with a bacterial model membrane of POPE/POPG in an effort to unravel its mechanism of action. We found that CA(1-7)M(2-9) disrupts the vesicles, inducing membrane condensation and forming an onionlike structure of multilamellar stacks, held together by the intercalated peptides. SANS and SAXD revealed changes induced by the peptide in the lipid bilayer thickness and the bilayer stiffening in a tightly packed liquid-crystalline lamellar phase. The analysis of the observed abrupt changes in the repeat distance upon the phase transition to the gel state suggests the formation of an Lγ phase. To the extent of our knowledge, this is the first time that the Lγ phase is identified as part of the mechanism of action of antimicrobial peptides. The energetics of interaction depends on temperature, and ITC results indicate that CA(1-7)M(2-9) interacts with the outer leaflet. This further supports the idea of a surface interaction that leads to membrane condensation and not to pore formation. As a result, we propose that this peptide exerts its antimicrobial action against bacteria through extensive membrane disruption that leads to cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tânia Silva
- CIQ-UP - Centro de Investigação em Química, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto , 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto , 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto , 4150-171 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto , 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Bárbara Claro
- CIQ-UP - Centro de Investigação em Química, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto , 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Bruno F B Silva
- INL - International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory , 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
| | - Nuno Vale
- UCIBIO/REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Farmacologia, Departamento de Ciências do Medicamento, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto , 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Gomes
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto , 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Salomé Gomes
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto , 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto , 4150-171 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto , 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | | | - José Teixeira
- Laboratoire Léon Brillouin (CEA-CNRS) , CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Daniela Uhríková
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava , 832 32 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Margarida Bastos
- CIQ-UP - Centro de Investigação em Química, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto , 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
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13
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Peskova M, Heger Z, Janda P, Adam V, Pekarik V. An enzymatic assay based on luciferase Ebola virus-like particles for evaluation of virolytic activity of antimicrobial peptides. Peptides 2017; 88:87-96. [PMID: 28012857 PMCID: PMC7115697 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2016.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides are currently considered as promising antiviral compounds. Current assays to evaluate the effectivity of peptides against enveloped viruses based on liposomes or hemolysis are encumbered by the artificial nature of liposomes or distinctive membrane composition of used erythrocytes. We propose a novel assay system based on enzymatic Ebola virus-like particles containing sensitive luciferase reporter. The assay was validated with several cationic and anionic peptides and compared with lentivirus inactivation and hemolytic assays. The assay is sensitive and easy to perform in standard biosafety level laboratory with potential for high-throughput screens. The use of virus-like particles in the assay provides a system as closely related to the native viruses as possible eliminating some issues associated with other more artificial set ups. We have identified CAM-W (KWKLWKKIEKWGQGIGAVLKWLTTWL) as a peptide with the greatest antiviral activity against infectious lentiviral vectors and filoviral virus-like particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Peskova
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czechia.
| | - Zbynek Heger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University, 613 00 Brno, Czechia; Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Brno University of Technology, 616 00 Brno, Czechia.
| | - Petr Janda
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czechia.
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University, 613 00 Brno, Czechia; Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Brno University of Technology, 616 00 Brno, Czechia.
| | - Vladimir Pekarik
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czechia; Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czechia.
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14
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Uptake Mechanism of Cell-Penetrating Peptides. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1030:255-264. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-66095-0_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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15
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A Novel RNase 3/ECP Peptide for Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm Eradication That Combines Antimicrobial, Lipopolysaccharide Binding, and Cell-Agglutinating Activities. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2016; 60:6313-25. [PMID: 27527084 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00830-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Eradication of established biofilm communities of pathogenic Gram-negative species is one of the pending challenges for the development of new antimicrobial agents. In particular, Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the main dreaded nosocomial species, with a tendency to form organized microbial communities that offer an enhanced resistance to conventional antibiotics. We describe here an engineered antimicrobial peptide (AMP) which combines bactericidal activity with a high bacterial cell agglutination and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) affinity. The RN3(5-17P22-36) peptide is a 30-mer derived from the eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), a host defense RNase secreted by eosinophils upon infection, with a wide spectrum of antipathogen activity. The protein displays high biofilm eradication activity that is not dependent on its RNase catalytic activity, as evaluated by using an active site-defective mutant. On the other hand, the peptide encompasses both the LPS-binding and aggregation-prone regions from the parental protein, which provide the appropriate structural features for the peptide's attachment to the bacterial exopolysaccharide layer and further improved removal of established biofilms. Moreover, the peptide's high cationicity and amphipathicity promote the cell membrane destabilization action. The results are also compared side by side with other reported AMPs effective against either planktonic and/or biofilm forms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PAO1. The ECP and its derived peptide are unique in combining high bactericidal potency and cell agglutination activity, achieving effective biofilm eradication at a low micromolar range. We conclude that the designed RN3(5-17P22-36) peptide is a promising lead candidate against Gram-negative biofilms.
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16
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Efimova SS, Schagina LV, Ostroumova OS. Channel-forming activity of cecropins in lipid bilayers: effect of agents modifying the membrane dipole potential. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:7884-92. [PMID: 24969512 DOI: 10.1021/la501549v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Cecropin A (CecA) and cecropin B (CecB) added to one side of a bilayer formed from equimolar mixtures of DOPS and DOPE, DPhPS and DPhPE, or DOPS, DOPE, and Chol leads to the formation of well-defined and well-reproducible ion channels of different conductance levels while cecropin P1 (CecP1) does not induce pore formation at micromolar concentrations. We found three populations of CecA channels: pores with weak cationic selectivity, pores with weak anionic selectivity, and pores that were nonselective. The dipole modifiers, flavonoids and styryl dyes, were used to modulate the channel-forming activity of CecA and CecB. The mean conductance of single CecA channels is affected by the influence of dipole modifiers on the lipid packing in the membrane. A decrease in the membrane dipole potential is accompanied by a decrease in the steady-state transmembrane current induced by CecA and CecB in cholesterol-free and cholesterol-containing bilayers. The observed changes in the channel-forming activity might be caused by an increase in the energy barrier for the interfacial accumulation of cecropin monomers. This finding indicates that the negative pole of the cecropin dipole is inserted into the membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana S Efimova
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences , St. Petersburg 194064, Russia
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17
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Mechanistic insight into CM18-Tat11 peptide membrane-perturbing action by whole-cell patch-clamp recording. Molecules 2014; 19:9228-39. [PMID: 24991756 PMCID: PMC6271366 DOI: 10.3390/molecules19079228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The membrane-destabilization properties of the recently-introduced endosomolytic CM18-Tat11 hybrid peptide (KWKLFKKIGAVLKVLTTG-YGRKKRRQRRR, residues 1–7 of cecropin-A, 2–12 of melittin, and 47–57 of HIV-1 Tat protein) are investigated in CHO-K1 cells by using the whole-cell configuration of the patch-clamp technique. CM18-Tat11, CM18, and Tat11 peptides are administered to the cell membrane with a computer-controlled micro-perfusion system. CM18-Tat11 induces irreversible cell-membrane permeabilization at concentrations (≥4 µM) at which CM18 triggers transient pore formation, and Tat11 does not affect membrane integrity. We argue that the addition of the Tat11 module to CM18 is able to trigger a shift in the mechanism of membrane destabilization from “toroidal” to “carpet”, promoting a detergent-like membrane disruption. Collectively, these results rationalize previous observations on CM18-Tat11 delivery properties that we believe can guide the engineering of new modular peptides tailored to specific cargo-delivery applications.
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18
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Pulido D, Torrent M, Andreu D, Nogués MV, Boix E. Two human host defense ribonucleases against mycobacteria, the eosinophil cationic protein (RNase 3) and RNase 7. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2013; 57:3797-805. [PMID: 23716047 PMCID: PMC3719706 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00428-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need to develop new agents against mycobacterial infections, such as tuberculosis and other respiratory tract or skin affections. In this study, we have tested two human antimicrobial RNases against mycobacteria. RNase 3, also called the eosinophil cationic protein, and RNase 7 are two small cationic proteins secreted by innate cells during host defense. Both proteins are induced upon infection displaying a wide range of antipathogen activities. In particular, they are released by leukocytes and epithelial cells, contributing to tissue protection. Here, the two RNases have been proven effective against Mycobacterium vaccae at a low micromolar level. High bactericidal activity correlated with their bacterial membrane depolarization and permeabilization activities. Further analysis on both protein-derived peptides identified for RNase 3 an N-terminus fragment that is even more active than the parental protein. Also, a potent bacterial agglutinating activity was unique to RNase 3 and its derived peptide. The particular biophysical properties of the RNase 3 active peptide are envisaged as a suitable reference for the development of novel antimycobacterial drugs. The results support the contribution of secreted RNases to the host immune response against mycobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Pulido
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biosciences Faculty, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Marc Torrent
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biosciences Faculty, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - David Andreu
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M. Victoria Nogués
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biosciences Faculty, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Ester Boix
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biosciences Faculty, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
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