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Das B, Rout N, Sarkar D. Ruthenium (VIII) Catalysed Dearomative Pyridyl C−X Activation: Direct Synthesis of
N
‐ Alkyl‐2‐pyridones. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Biswajit Das
- Organic Synthesis and Molecular Engineering Laboratory Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Rourkela Odisha 769008 India
| | - Nilendri Rout
- Organic Synthesis and Molecular Engineering Laboratory Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Rourkela Odisha 769008 India
| | - Debayan Sarkar
- Organic Synthesis and Molecular Engineering Laboratory Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Rourkela Odisha 769008 India
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2
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Synthesis and Optimization of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Ruthenium Polypyridyl Drug Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13020150. [PMID: 33498795 PMCID: PMC7910993 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13020150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The ruthenium polypyridyl complex [Ru(dppz)2PIP]2+ (dppz: dipyridophenazine, PIP: (2-(phenyl)-imidazo[4,5-f ][1,10]phenanthroline), or Ru-PIP, is a potential anticancer drug that acts by inhibiting DNA replication. Due to the poor dissolution of Ru-PIP in aqueous media, a drug delivery agent would be a useful approach to overcome its limited bioavailability. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) were synthesized via a co-condensation method by using a phenanthrolinium salt with a 16 carbon length chain (Phen-C16) as the template. Optimization of the synthesis conditions by Box–Behnken design (BBD) generated MSNs with high surface area response at 833.9 m2g−1. Ru-PIP was effectively entrapped in MSNs at 18.84%. Drug release profile analysis showed that Ru-PIP is gradually released, with a cumulative release percentage of approximately 50% at 72 h. The release kinetic profile implied that Ru-PIP was released from MSN by diffusion. The in vitro cytotoxicity of Ru-PIP, both free and MSN-encapsulated, was studied in Hela, A549, and T24 cancer cell lines. While treatment of Ru-PIP alone is moderately cytotoxic, encapsulated Ru-PIP exerted significant cytotoxicity upon all the cell lines, with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values determined by MTT (([3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-dephenyltetrazolium bromide]) assay at 48 h exposure substantially decreasing from >30 µM to <10 µM as a result of MSN encapsulation. The mechanistic potential of cytotoxicity on cell cycle distribution showed an increase in G1/S phase populations in all three cell lines. The findings indicate that MSN is an ideal drug delivery agent, as it is able to sustainably release Ru-PIP by diffusion in a prolonged treatment period.
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Hympanova M, Terlep S, Markova A, Prchal L, Dogsa I, Pulkrabkova L, Benkova M, Marek J, Stopar D. The Antibacterial Effects of New N-Alkylpyridinium Salts on Planktonic and Biofilm Bacteria. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:573951. [PMID: 33193183 PMCID: PMC7606276 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.573951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
An increasing microbial resistance to known antibiotics raises a demand for new antimicrobials. In this study the antimicrobial properties of a series of new N-Alkylpyridinium quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) with varying alkyl chain lengths were evaluated for several nosocomial pathogens. The chemical identities of the new QACs were determined by NMR, LC-MS, and HRMS. All the planktonic bacteria tested were susceptible to the new QACs as evaluated by MIC and MBC assays. The antimicrobial effect was most pronounced against Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates. Live/dead staining CLSM was used to test the effectiveness of the QACs in biofilms. The effectiveness was up to 10-fold lower than in the plankton. When QACs were used as irrigants in Er:YAG – SSP photoacoustic steaming, their effectiveness significantly increased. The combined use of irrigants and photoacoustic streaming increased biofilm removal from the surface and increased the killing rate of the cells remaining on the surface. This may allow for a shorter chemical exposure time and lower dosage of QACs used in applications. The results demonstrate that the new QACs have potential to be applied as antibacterial compounds effective against planktonic and biofilm bacteria as well as irrigants in removal of difficult-to-reach biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Hympanova
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czechia.,Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence in Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | | | - Aneta Markova
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czechia.,Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence in Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | - Lukáš Prchal
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czechia
| | - Iztok Dogsa
- Department of Microbiology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Lenka Pulkrabkova
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czechia.,Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence in Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | - Marketa Benkova
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czechia
| | - Jan Marek
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czechia.,Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence in Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | - David Stopar
- Department of Microbiology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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4
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Kalász H, Karvaly G, Szimrók F, Szabó D, Milánkovits M, Keglevich A, Adeghate J, Darvas F, Kuca K, Musilek K, Tekes K. Pharmacokinetics of a Mono-pyridinium-mono-aldoxime (K-347), a Potential Antidote in Organophosphate Poisoning. THE OPEN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1874104502014010099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Our recent work has been treating the pharmacokinetics of pyridinium aldoximes of various structures including their time-dependent distribution in the body of male rats and also the extent of blood-brain-barrier penetration.
Objective:
Our overall aim was to find a proper antidote in organophosphate poisoning with fast elimination.
Methods:
White male Wistar rats were intramuscularly injected with the aqueous solution of 3 µmol of K-347. The animals were sacrificed at different time periods following treatment; various tissues and body fluids were taken and homogenised. The level of K-347 was determined using reversed-phase HPLC. Dose-dependence of tissue level was also determined by using various doses, 3 µmol through 100 µmol of K-347.
Results:
The serum level of K-347 showed a definitely fast decline. K347 did not have any effect on Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria that we tested.
Conclusion:
The kinetics of K-347 showed an extremely fast offset, even in comparison with several other pyridinium aldoximes in clinical practice and in developmental stages.
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5
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Salajkova S, Benkova M, Marek J, Sleha R, Prchal L, Malinak D, Dolezal R, Sepčić K, Gunde-Cimerman N, Kuca K, Soukup O. Wide-Antimicrobial Spectrum of Picolinium Salts. Molecules 2020; 25:E2254. [PMID: 32403238 PMCID: PMC7248777 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25092254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Nosocomial infections, which greatly increase morbidity among hospitalized patients, together with growing antibiotic resistance still encourage many researchers to search for novel antimicrobial compounds. Picolinium salts with different lengths of alkyl chains (C12, C14, C16) were prepared by Menshutkin-like reaction and evaluated with respect to their biological activity, i.e., lipophilicity and critical micellar concentration. Picolinium salts with C14 and C16 side chains achieved similar or even better results when in terms of antimicrobial efficacy than benzalkoniums; notably, their fungicidal efficiency was substantially more potent. The position of the methyl substituent on the aromatic ring does not seem to affect antimicrobial activity, in contrast to the effect of length of the N-alkyl chain. Concurrently, picolinium salts exhibited satisfactory low cytotoxicity against mammalian cells, i.e., lower than that of benzalkonium compounds, which are considered as safe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarka Salajkova
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (Sa.S.); (M.B.); (J.M.); (L.P.); (D.M.); (R.D.)
- Department of Genome Integrity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Benkova
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (Sa.S.); (M.B.); (J.M.); (L.P.); (D.M.); (R.D.)
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Defence in Brno, Trebesska 1575, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
| | - Jan Marek
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (Sa.S.); (M.B.); (J.M.); (L.P.); (D.M.); (R.D.)
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Defence in Brno, Trebesska 1575, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
| | - Radek Sleha
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Defence in Brno, Trebesska 1575, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
| | - Lukas Prchal
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (Sa.S.); (M.B.); (J.M.); (L.P.); (D.M.); (R.D.)
| | - David Malinak
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (Sa.S.); (M.B.); (J.M.); (L.P.); (D.M.); (R.D.)
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Rafael Dolezal
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (Sa.S.); (M.B.); (J.M.); (L.P.); (D.M.); (R.D.)
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Kristina Sepčić
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (K.S.); (N.G.-C.)
| | - Nina Gunde-Cimerman
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (K.S.); (N.G.-C.)
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (Sa.S.); (M.B.); (J.M.); (L.P.); (D.M.); (R.D.)
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Soukup
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (Sa.S.); (M.B.); (J.M.); (L.P.); (D.M.); (R.D.)
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Zaharudin NS, Mohamed Isa ED, Ahmad H, Abdul Rahman MB, Jumbri K. Functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles templated by pyridinium ionic liquid for hydrophilic and hydrophobic drug release application. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2020.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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7
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Günther A, Pelech R. Bio-Active Pyridinium Salts: A Mini-Review on Properties and Selected Reactions. MINI-REV ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1570193x16666181228102304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Pyridium salts are very valuable compounds with various activities, especially biological,
and therefore their preparation can be very useful in the synthesis of various compounds, such as
drugs, dyes or surfactants. In this mini-review authors focused mostly on bioactive properties of pyridinium
salts, and main preparations of these compounds such, synthesis pyridinium salts from
pyrylium salts via nucleophilic substitution SN(ANRORC), obtaining pyridinium salts via directs arylation,
and via Addition at Nitrogen atom, and the last method is synthesis of pyridinium salts via
ring opening and re-cyclisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Günther
- Institute of Organic Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Robert Pelech
- Institute of Organic Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
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8
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Mustahil NA, Baharuddin SH, Abdullah AA, Reddy AVB, Abdul Mutalib MI, Moniruzzaman M. Synthesis, characterization, ecotoxicity and biodegradability evaluations of novel biocompatible surface active lauroyl sarcosinate ionic liquids. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 229:349-357. [PMID: 31078892 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) based surfactants have been emerged as attractive alternatives to the conventional surfactants owing to their tailor-made and eco-friendly properties. Therefore, present study described the synthesis of nine new fatty amino acids based IL surfactants utilizing lauroyl sarcosinate anion and pyrrolidinium, imidazolium, pyridinium, piperidinium, morpholinium and cholinium cations for the first time. The synthesized surface active lauroyl sarcosinate ionic liquids (SALSILs) were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and TGA. Next, the surface tension and critical micellar concentrations were determined and compared with the surface properties of ILs based surfactants. Further, the toxicity and biodegradability of the synthesized SALSIILs were evaluated to confirm their safe and efficient process applications. The studies revealed that three out of nine synthesized SALSILs containing pyridinium cation have showed strong activity towards the tested microbial growth. The remaining six SALSILs met the biocompatible measures demonstrating moderate to low activity depends on the tested microbes. The alicyclic SALSILs containing morpholinium and piperidinium cations have demonstrated 100% biodegradation after 28 days of the test period. Overall, it is believed that the synthesized SALSILs could effectively replace the conventional surfactants in a wide variety of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noorul Adawiyah Mustahil
- Centre of Research in Ionic Liquids (CORIL), Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Siti Hawatulaila Baharuddin
- Centre of Research in Ionic Liquids (CORIL), Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Atikah Aini Abdullah
- Centre of Research in Ionic Liquids (CORIL), Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
| | | | - Mohamed Ibrahim Abdul Mutalib
- Centre of Research in Ionic Liquids (CORIL), Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia; Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Moniruzzaman
- Centre of Research in Ionic Liquids (CORIL), Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia; Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia.
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9
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Khojasteh V, Kakanejadifard A, Zabardasti A, Azarbani F. Spectral, structural, solvatochromism, biological and computational investigation of some new azo–azomethines containing N-alkylpyridinium salts. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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10
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Pyridinium based ionic liquid: A pretreatment solvent and reaction medium for catalytic conversion of cellulose to total reducing sugars (TRS). J Mol Liq 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.09.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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11
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Miskolczy Z, Takahashi Y, Kobayashi N, Nakabayashi S, Loukanov A, Biczók L. Self-assembly of anionic pyrene derivatives with cationic surfactants bearing a tetradecyl chain. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2018.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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12
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Sowmiah S, Esperança JMSS, Rebelo LPN, Afonso CAM. Pyridinium salts: from synthesis to reactivity and applications. Org Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7qo00836h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This review highlights the pyridinium salts in terms of their natural occurrence, synthesis, reactivity, biological properties, and diverse applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subbiah Sowmiah
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier
- Universidade Nova de Lisboa
- 2780-157 Oeiras
- Portugal
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa)
| | - José M. S. S. Esperança
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier
- Universidade Nova de Lisboa
- 2780-157 Oeiras
- Portugal
- LAQV-REQUIMTE
| | - Luís P. N. Rebelo
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier
- Universidade Nova de Lisboa
- 2780-157 Oeiras
- Portugal
- LAQV-REQUIMTE
| | - Carlos A. M. Afonso
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa)
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Universidade de Lisboa
- 1649-009 Lisboa
- Portugal
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13
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Wintgens V, Harangozó JG, Miskolczy Z, Guigner JM, Amiel C, Biczók L. Effect of Headgroup Variation on the Self-Assembly of Cationic Surfactants with Sulfonatocalix[6]arene. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:8052-8061. [PMID: 28738151 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b01941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The effect of headgroup variation on the association of supramolecular amphiphiles composed of 4-sulfonatocalix[6]arene (SCX6) and cationic surfactant possessing tetradecyl substituent was studied in aqueous solutions at pH 7. When the surfactant contained hydrophilic trimethylammonium, pyridinium, or 1-methylimidazolium headgroup, highly reversible temperature-responsive nanoparticle-supramolecular micelle transformation could be attained at appropriately chosen component mixing ratios and NaCl concentrations. In these cases, the substantial negative molar heat capacity change (ΔCp) rendered nanoparticle formation strongly endothermic at low temperature, whereas the assembly to supramolecular micelle was always accompanied by enthalpy gain. The ΔCp values became less negative when the charge density and the hydrophilic character of the surfactant headgroup diminished. The association of the more hydrophobic 6-methoxyquinolinium and quinolinium surfactants with SCX6 did not lead to supramolecular micelle formation because the self-assembly into nanoparticles was highly exothermic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Véronique Wintgens
- Université Paris Est, ICMPE (UMR7182), CNRS, UPEC , F 94320 Thiais, France
| | - József G Harangozó
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences , P.O. Box 286, 1519 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsombor Miskolczy
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences , P.O. Box 286, 1519 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Jean-Michel Guigner
- Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie (IMPMC, Sorbonne Universités-UPMC Université Paris 06, UMR CNRS 7590, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement , UR 206 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Catherine Amiel
- Université Paris Est, ICMPE (UMR7182), CNRS, UPEC , F 94320 Thiais, France
| | - László Biczók
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences , P.O. Box 286, 1519 Budapest, Hungary
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14
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Dolezal R, Soukup O, Malinak D, Savedra RML, Marek J, Dolezalova M, Pasdiorova M, Salajkova S, Korabecny J, Honegr J, Ramalho TC, Kuca K. Towards understanding the mechanism of action of antibacterial N-alkyl-3-hydroxypyridinium salts: Biological activities, molecular modeling and QSAR studies. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 121:699-711. [PMID: 27341309 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.05.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we have carried out a combined experimental and computational investigation to elucidate several bred-in-the-bone ideas standing out in rational design of novel cationic surfactants as antibacterial agents. Five 3-hydroxypyridinium salts differing in the length of N-alkyl side chain have been synthesized, analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography, tested for in vitro activity against a panel of pathogenic bacterial and fungal strains, computationally modeled in water by a SCRF B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) method, and evaluated by a systematic QSAR analysis. Given the results of this work, the hypothesis suggesting that higher positive charge of the quaternary nitrogen should increase antimicrobial efficacy can be rejected since 3-hydroxyl group does increase the positive charge on the nitrogen but, simultaneously, it significantly derogates the antimicrobial activity by lowering the lipophilicity and by escalating the desolvation energy of the compounds in comparison with non-hydroxylated analogues. Herein, the majority of the prepared 3-hydroxylated substances showed notably lower potency than the parent pyridinium structures, although compound 8 with C12 alkyl chain proved a distinctly better antimicrobial activity in submicromolar range. Focusing on this anomaly, we have made an effort to reveal the reason of the observed activity through a molecular dynamics simulation of the interaction between the bacterial membrane and compound 8 in GROMACS software.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Dolezal
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Center for Basic and Applied Research, Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Soukup
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - David Malinak
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Syllabova 19, 703 00, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Ranylson M L Savedra
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling, Chemistry Department, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, MG, Brazil
| | - Jan Marek
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Dolezalova
- Institute of Applied Informatics, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branisovska 1760, 370 05, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Pasdiorova
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Sarka Salajkova
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Korabecny
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Honegr
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Department of Cybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 15, 708 33, Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic
| | - Teodorico C Ramalho
- Center for Basic and Applied Research, Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03, Czech Republic; Laboratory of Molecular Modeling, Chemistry Department, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, MG, Brazil
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Center for Basic and Applied Research, Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03, Czech Republic.
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Soukup O, Dolezal R, Malinak D, Marek J, Salajkova S, Pasdiorova M, Honegr J, Korabecny J, Nachtigal P, Nachon F, Jun D, Kuca K. Synthesis, antimicrobial evaluation and molecular modeling of 5-hydroxyisoquinolinium salt series; the effect of the hydroxyl moiety. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:841-8. [PMID: 26774252 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Revised: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In the present paper, we describe the synthesis of a new group of 5-hydroxyisoquinolinium salts with different lengths of alkyl side-chain (C10-C18), and their chromatographic analysis and biological assay for in vitro activity against bacterial and fungal strains. We compare the lipophilicity and efficacy of hydroxylated isoquinolinium salts with the previously published (non-hydroxylated) isoquinolinium salts from the point of view of antibacterial and antifungal versatility and cytotoxic safety. Compound 11 (C18) had to be excluded from the testing due to its low solubility. Compounds 9 and 10 (C14, C16) showed only moderate efficacy against G+ bacteria, notably with excellent potency against Staphyloccocus aureus, but no effect against G- bacteria. In contrast, non-hydroxylated isoquinolinium salts showed excellent antimicrobial efficacy within the whole series, particularly 14 (C14) against G+ strains and 15 (C16) against fungi. The electronic properties and desolvation energies of 5-hydroxyisoquinolinium and isoquinolinium salts were studied by quantum-chemistry calculations employing B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) method and an implicit water-solvent simulation model (SCRF). Despite the positive mesomeric effect of the hydroxyl moiety reducing the electron density of the quaternary nitrogen, it is probably the higher lipophilicity and lower desolvation energy of isoquinolinium salts, which is responsible for enhanced antimicrobial versatility and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondrej Soukup
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Rafael Dolezal
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Center for Basic and Applied Research, Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - David Malinak
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Department of Cybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 15, 708 33 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Marek
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Department of Surgical Studies, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Syllabova 19, 700 30 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Sarka Salajkova
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Pasdiorova
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Honegr
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Korabecny
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Nachtigal
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University in Prague, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Florian Nachon
- Departement de Toxicologie et Risque Chimique, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, BP73, F-91223 Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Daniel Jun
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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16
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Synthesis and disinfection effect of the pyridine-4-aldoxime based salts. Molecules 2015; 20:3681-96. [PMID: 25719739 PMCID: PMC6272478 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20033681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2015] [Revised: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A set of new quaternary ammonium compounds based on pyridine-4-aldoxime was synthesized, characterized with analytical data (NMR, EA, HPLC, MS) and tested for in vitro antimicrobial activity (antibacterial, antifungal) and cytotoxicity. Quaternary pyridinium-4-aldoxime salts with length of alkyl side chain from C8 to C20 and belonging to the group of cationic surfactants were investigated in this work. An HPLC experimental protocol for characterization of mixtures of all homologues has been found. Antimicrobial evaluation found that yeast-type fungi were most sensitive towards C14 and C16 analogues, whereas the C16 analogue was completely ineffective against filamentous fungi. Antibacterial assessment showed versatility of C14 and relatively high efficacy of C16 against G+ strains and C14 against G− strains. Notably, none of the studied compounds exceeded the efficacy and versatility of the benzalkonium C12 analogue, and benzalkonium analogues also exhibited lower cytotoxicity in the cell viability assay.
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17
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Malinak D, Dolezal R, Marek J, Salajkova S, Soukup O, Vejsova M, Korabecny J, Honegr J, Penhaker M, Musilek K, Kuca K. 6-Hydroxyquinolinium salts differing in the length of alkyl side-chain: Synthesis and antimicrobial activity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:5238-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.09.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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18
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Chauhan V, Singh S, Kamboj R, Mishra R, Kaur G. Synthesis, micellization properties, and cytotoxicity trends of N-hydroxyethyl-3-alkyloxypyridinium surfactants. Colloid Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-013-3083-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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19
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Misík J, Vodáková E, Pavlíkova R, Cabal J, Novotný L, Kuča K. ACUTE TOXICITY OF SURFACTANTS AND DETERGENT-BASED DECONTAMINANTS IN MICE AND RATS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2012.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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20
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Marek J, Stodůlka P, Soukup O, Musílek K, Cabal J, Kuča K. SYNTHESIS OF THE ISOQUINOLINIUM SALTS DIFFERING IN THE LENGTH OF THE SIDE ALKYLATING CHAIN. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2012.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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21
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Preparation of quinolinium salts differing in the length of the alkyl side chain. Molecules 2012; 17:6386-94. [PMID: 22634846 PMCID: PMC6268559 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17066386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2012] [Revised: 05/16/2012] [Accepted: 05/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Quaternary quinolinium salts differing in alkyl chain length are members of a widespread group of cationic surfactants. These compounds have numerous applications in various branches of industry and research. In this work, the preparation of quinoline-derived cationic surface active agents differing in the length of the side alkyl chains (from C₈ to C₂₀) is described. An HPLC method was successfully developed for distinction of all members of the series of prepared long-chain quinolinium derivatives. In conclusion, some possibilities of intended tests or usage have been summarized. In vitro testing using a microdilution broth method showed good activity of a substance with a C12 chain length against Gram-positive cocci and Candida species.
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