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Tița O, Constantinescu MA, Rusu L, Tița MA. Natural Polymers as Carriers for Encapsulation of Volatile Oils: Applications and Perspectives in Food Products. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1026. [PMID: 38674945 PMCID: PMC11054478 DOI: 10.3390/polym16081026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The technique of encapsulating different materials into matrices that can both protect and release their contents under specific circumstances is known as encapsulation. It serves the primary function of shielding delicate components from outside influences, including heat, light, and humidity. This can be accomplished by a variety of procedures that, depending on the method and materials selected, result in the creation of particles with various structures. The materials used for encapsulation in food applications must be of high quality, acceptable for human consumption, and stable during processing and storage. The most suitable natural polymers for food applications are carbohydrates, proteins, or mixtures thereof. Volatile oils are end products of plant metabolism, accumulated and stored in various plant organs, cells, or secretory tissues. These are natural and are characterized by the scent of the aromatic plants they come from. Because of their antibacterial and antioxidant qualities, they are being utilized more and more in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Since volatile oils are highly sensitive to environmental changes, they must be stored under specific conditions after being extracted from a variety of plant sources. A promising method for increasing the applicability of volatile oils is their encapsulation into colloidal particles by natural polymers such as carbohydrates and proteins. Encapsulation hides the unfavorable taste of nutrients while shielding delicate dietary ingredients from the effects of heat, moisture, oxygen, and pH. This technique results in improved stability for volatile oils that are often sensitive to environmental factors and offers the possibility of using them in an aqueous system even if they are insoluble in water. This paper aims to provide an overview of the current advances in volatile oil encapsulation technologies and presents a variety of natural polymers used in the food industry for encapsulation. Also, a distinct section is created to highlight the current advances in dairy products enriched with encapsulated volatile oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ovidiu Tița
- Department of Agricultural Sciences and Food Engineering, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Doctor Ion Rațiu No. 7, 550012 Sibiu, Romania; (O.T.); (M.A.T.)
| | - Maria Adelina Constantinescu
- Department of Agricultural Sciences and Food Engineering, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Doctor Ion Rațiu No. 7, 550012 Sibiu, Romania; (O.T.); (M.A.T.)
| | - Lăcrămioara Rusu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food, Vasile Alecsandri University of Bacău, 600115 Bacău, Romania
| | - Mihaela Adriana Tița
- Department of Agricultural Sciences and Food Engineering, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Doctor Ion Rațiu No. 7, 550012 Sibiu, Romania; (O.T.); (M.A.T.)
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Maleš I, Dobrinčić A, Zorić Z, Vladimir-Knežević S, Elez Garofulić I, Repajić M, Skroza D, Jerković I, Dragović-Uzelac V. Phenolic, Headspace and Sensory Profile, and Antioxidant Capacity of Fruit Juice Enriched with Salvia officinalis L. and Thymus serpyllum L. Extract: A Potential for a Novel Herbal-Based Functional Beverages. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093656. [PMID: 37175066 PMCID: PMC10180401 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Since certain constituents are not naturally present in pure fruit juices, incorporating herbal extracts can provide specific sensory properties to the beverages and improve their biopotential. In our previous research, it was found that sage (Salvia officinalis L.), wild thyme (Thymus serpyllum L.), and combinations of their extracts had the highest total phenolic content and a unique composition of volatile compounds, which can contribute to the aromatic and antioxidant qualities of functional products. Therefore, this research aimed to investigate the potential of sage and wild thyme extracts, as well as their mixture (wild thyme:sage at 3:1, v/v), to enrich fruit juices (apple, pineapple, and orange). Obtained beverages were evaluated for sensory properties as well as phenolic and headspace composition (UPLC-MS/MS and HS-SPME/GC-MS analysis) and antioxidant capacity (ORAC assay). The incorporation of wild thyme extract in pineapple juice provided the most harmonious flavor and the highest content of volatile compounds (on PDMS/DVB fiber). The orange juice formulations were the most enriched with phenolic and volatile compounds (on DVB/CAR/PDMS fibers). The highest antioxidant capacity was observed in the formulation with orange juice and sage extract (22,925.39 ± 358.43 µM TE). This study demonstrated that enriching fruit juices with sage and wild thyme extracts could create functional beverages with improved sensory and health-promoting properties, providing valuable insights for the food and beverage industry to meet the growing demand of health-conscious consumers for natural and functional products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivanka Maleš
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Split, Šoltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Ana Dobrinčić
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zoran Zorić
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sanda Vladimir-Knežević
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 20, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivona Elez Garofulić
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Repajić
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Danijela Skroza
- Department of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 35, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Igor Jerković
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 35, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Verica Dragović-Uzelac
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Domingues J, Delgado F, Gonçalves JC, Zuzarte M, Duarte AP. Mediterranean Lavenders from Section Stoechas: An Undervalued Source of Secondary Metabolites with Pharmacological Potential. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13030337. [PMID: 36984777 PMCID: PMC10054607 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13030337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, climate change and wildfires are disrupting natural ecosystems, thus setting several endemic species at risk. The genus Lavandula is widely present in the Mediterranean region and its species, namely, those included in the section Stoechas, are valuable resources of active compounds with several biological assets. Since ancient times lavenders have been used in traditional medicine and for domestic purposes. These species are melliferous, decorative, and essential oil-producing plants with a high economic interest in the pharmaceutical, flavor, fragrance, and food industries. The essential oils of Lavandula section Stoechas are characterized by high amounts of 1,8-cineole, camphor, fenchone, and specifically for L. stoechas subsp. luisieri one of the major compounds is trans-α-necrodyl acetate. On the other hand, the diversity of non-volatile components like phenolic compounds, such as phenolic acids and flavonoids, make these species an important source of phytochemicals with pharmacological interest. Rosmarinic, caffeic, and salvianolic B acids are the major phenolic acids, and luteolin and eriodictyol-O-glucuronide are the main reported flavonoids. However, the concentration of these secondary metabolites is strongly affected by the plant’s phenological phase and varies in Lavandula sp. from different areas of origin. Indeed, lavender extracts have shown promising antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties as well as several other beneficial actions with potential for commercial applications. Despite several studies on the bioactive potential of lavenders from the section Stoechas, a systematized and updated review of their chemical profile is lacking. Therefore, we carried out the present review that gathers relevant information on the different types of secondary metabolites found in these species as well as their bioactive potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Domingues
- Plant Biotechnology Centre of Beira Interior (CBPBI), 6001-909 Castelo Branco, Portugal
- Health Sciences Research Centre (CICS), University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Delgado
- Plant Biotechnology Centre of Beira Interior (CBPBI), 6001-909 Castelo Branco, Portugal
- Polytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco-School of Agriculture (IPCB-ESA), 6001-909 Castelo Branco, Portugal
- Research Centre for Natural Resources, Environment and Society, Polytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco (CERNAS-IPCB), 6001-909 Castelo Branco, Portugal
| | - José Carlos Gonçalves
- Plant Biotechnology Centre of Beira Interior (CBPBI), 6001-909 Castelo Branco, Portugal
- Polytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco-School of Agriculture (IPCB-ESA), 6001-909 Castelo Branco, Portugal
- Research Centre for Natural Resources, Environment and Society, Polytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco (CERNAS-IPCB), 6001-909 Castelo Branco, Portugal
| | - Mónica Zuzarte
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Paula Duarte
- Health Sciences Research Centre (CICS), University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
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Bartoletti A, Soares I, Ramos AM, Shashoua Y, Quye A, Casimiro T, Ferreira JL. Assessing the Impact and Suitability of Dense Carbon Dioxide as a Green Solvent for the Treatment of PMMA of Historical Value. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15030566. [PMID: 36771867 PMCID: PMC9919672 DOI: 10.3390/polym15030566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Surface cleaning of plastic materials of historical value can be challenging due to the high risk of inducing detrimental effects and visual alterations. As a result, recent studies have focused on researching new approaches that might reduce the associated hazards and, at the same time, minimize the environmental impact by employing biodegradable and green materials. In this context, the present work investigates the effects and potential suitability of dense carbon dioxide (CO2) as an alternative and green solvent for cleaning plastic materials of historical value. The results of extensive trials with CO2 in different phases (supercritical, liquid, and vapor) and under various conditions (pressure, temperature, exposure, and depressurization time) are reported for new, transparent, thick poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) samples. The impact of CO2 on the weight, the appearance of the samples (dimensions, color, gloss, and surface texture), and modifications to their physicochemical and mechanical properties were monitored via a multi-analytical approach that included optical microscopy, Raman and attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopies, and micro-indentation (Vickers hardness). Results showed that CO2 induced undesirable and irreversible changes in PMMA samples (i.e., formation of fractures and stress-induced cracking, drastic decrease in the surface hardness of the samples), independent of the conditions used (i.e., temperature, pressure, CO2 phase, and exposure time).
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica Bartoletti
- LAQV-REQUIMTE and Department of Conservation and Restoration, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (J.L.F.)
| | - Inês Soares
- LAQV-REQUIMTE and Department of Conservation and Restoration, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Ana Maria Ramos
- LAQV-REQUIMTE and Department of Conservation and Restoration, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
- LAQV-REQUIMTE and Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Yvonne Shashoua
- Environmental Archaeology and Materials Science, National Museum of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Anita Quye
- Kelvin Centre for Conservation and Cultural Heritage Research, School of Culture and Creative Arts, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QH, UK
| | - Teresa Casimiro
- LAQV-REQUIMTE and Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Joana Lia Ferreira
- Centro Interuniversitário de História das Ciências e da Tecnologia, Department of Conservation and Restoration, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (J.L.F.)
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Bai D, Li X, Wang S, Zhang T, Wei Y, Wang Q, Dong W, Song J, Gao P, Li Y, Wang S, Dai L. Advances in extraction methods, chemical constituents, pharmacological activities, molecular targets and toxicology of volatile oil from Acorus calamus var. angustatus Besser. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1004529. [PMID: 36545308 PMCID: PMC9761896 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1004529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Acorus calamus var. angustatus Besser (ATT) is a traditional herb with a long medicinal history. The volatile oil of ATT (VOA) does possess many pharmacological activities. It can restore the vitality of the brain, nervous system and myocardial cells. It is used to treat various central system, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. It also showed antibacterial and antioxidant activity. Many studies have explored the benefits of VOA scientifically. This paper reviews the extraction methods, chemical components, pharmacological activities and toxicology of VOA. The molecular mechanism of VOA was elucidated. This paper will serve as a comprehensive resource for further carrying the VOA on improving its medicinal value and clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daoming Bai
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China,School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China,School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Shengguang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yumin Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China,School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Qingquan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China,School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Weichao Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China,School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Song
- Shandong Yuze Pharmaceutical Industry Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd, Dezhou, China
| | - Peng Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yanan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China,*Correspondence: Long Dai, ; Shaoping Wang, ; Yanan Li,
| | - Shaoping Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China,*Correspondence: Long Dai, ; Shaoping Wang, ; Yanan Li,
| | - Long Dai
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China,*Correspondence: Long Dai, ; Shaoping Wang, ; Yanan Li,
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Kessler JC, Vieira VA, Martins IM, Manrique YA, Afonso A, Ferreira P, Mandim F, Ferreira ICFR, Barros L, Rodrigues AE, Dias MM. Obtaining Aromatic Extracts from Portuguese Thymus mastichina L. by Hydrodistillation and Supercritical Fluid Extraction with CO 2 as Potential Flavouring Additives for Food Applications. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27030694. [PMID: 35163959 PMCID: PMC8838556 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Humans often respond to sensory impulses provided by aromas, and current trends have generated interest in natural sources of fragrances rather than the commonly used synthetic additives. For the first time, the resulting aroma of a selected culture of Thymus mastichina L. was studied as a potential food ingredient. In this context, dried (DR) and fresh (FR) samples were submitted to carbon dioxide (CO2) supercritical extraction (SFE) and hydrodistillation (HD) methods. The extracts were characterised according to their volatile composition by GC-MS, cytotoxicity against a non-tumour cell culture, and sensory attributes (odour threshold and olfactive descriptors). The most abundant aromas were quantified, and the analysis performed by GC-MS revealed an abundance of terpenoids such as thymol chemotype, followed by the precursors α-terpinene and p-cymene. DR and FR extracts (EX) obtained from SFE-CO2 show the highest content of thymol, achieving 52.7% and 72.5% of the isolated volatile fraction. The DR essential oil (EO) contained the highest amount of terpenoids, but it was also the most cytotoxic extract. In contrast, SFE-CO2 products showed the lowest cytotoxic potential. Regarding FR-OE, it had the lowest extraction yield and composition in aroma volatiles. Additionally, all samples were described as having green, fresh and floral sensory notes, with no significant statistical differences regarding the odour detection threshold (ODT) values. Finally, FR-EX of T. mastichina obtained by SFE-CO2 presented the most promising results regarding food application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júlia C. Kessler
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering-Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (J.C.K.); (V.A.V.); (Y.A.M.); (A.E.R.); (M.M.D.)
- Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering (ALiCE), Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (Mountain Research Center) (CIMO), Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (F.M.); (I.C.F.R.F.); (L.B.)
| | - Vanessa A. Vieira
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering-Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (J.C.K.); (V.A.V.); (Y.A.M.); (A.E.R.); (M.M.D.)
- Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering (ALiCE), Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- DEIFIL-Deifil Technology, Serzedelo, 4839-704 Póvoa de Lanhoso, Portugal; (A.A.); (P.F.)
| | - Isabel M. Martins
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering-Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (J.C.K.); (V.A.V.); (Y.A.M.); (A.E.R.); (M.M.D.)
- Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering (ALiCE), Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-22-508-1686
| | - Yaidelin A. Manrique
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering-Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (J.C.K.); (V.A.V.); (Y.A.M.); (A.E.R.); (M.M.D.)
- Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering (ALiCE), Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Andreia Afonso
- DEIFIL-Deifil Technology, Serzedelo, 4839-704 Póvoa de Lanhoso, Portugal; (A.A.); (P.F.)
| | - Patrícia Ferreira
- DEIFIL-Deifil Technology, Serzedelo, 4839-704 Póvoa de Lanhoso, Portugal; (A.A.); (P.F.)
| | - Filipa Mandim
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (Mountain Research Center) (CIMO), Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (F.M.); (I.C.F.R.F.); (L.B.)
| | - Isabel C. F. R. Ferreira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (Mountain Research Center) (CIMO), Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (F.M.); (I.C.F.R.F.); (L.B.)
| | - Lillian Barros
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (Mountain Research Center) (CIMO), Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (F.M.); (I.C.F.R.F.); (L.B.)
| | - Alírio E. Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering-Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (J.C.K.); (V.A.V.); (Y.A.M.); (A.E.R.); (M.M.D.)
- Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering (ALiCE), Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Madalena M. Dias
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering-Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (J.C.K.); (V.A.V.); (Y.A.M.); (A.E.R.); (M.M.D.)
- Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering (ALiCE), Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
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Coriandrum sativum L.: A Review on Ethnopharmacology, Phytochemistry, and Cardiovascular Benefits. Molecules 2021; 27:molecules27010209. [PMID: 35011441 PMCID: PMC8747064 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Coriandrum sativum (C. sativum), belonging to the Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) family, is widely recognized for its uses in culinary and traditional medicine. C. sativum contains various phytochemicals such as polyphenols, vitamins, and many phytosterols, which account for its properties including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and analgesic effects. The cardiovascular benefits of C. sativum have not been summarized before, hence this review aims to further evaluate and discuss its effectiveness in cardiovascular diseases, according to the recent literature. An electronic search for literature was carried out using the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, preprint platforms, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Articles were gathered from the inception of the database until August 2021. Moreover, the traditional uses and phytochemistry of coriander were surveyed in the original resources and summarized. As a result, most of the studies that cover cardiovascular benefits and fulfilled the eligibility criteria were in vivo, while only a few were in vitro and clinical studies. In conclusion, C. sativum can be deemed a functional food due to its wide range of cardiovascular benefits such as antihypertensive, anti-atherogenic, antiarrhythmic, hypolipidemic as well as cardioprotective effects.
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Messaoudi M, Rebiai A, Sawicka B, Atanassova M, Ouakouak H, Larkem I, Egbuna C, Awuchi CG, Boubekeur S, Ferhat MA, Begaa S, Benchikha N. Effect of Extraction Methods on Polyphenols, Flavonoids, Mineral Elements, and Biological Activities of Essential Oil and Extracts of Mentha pulegium L. Molecules 2021; 27:molecules27010011. [PMID: 35011242 PMCID: PMC8746320 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Our study evaluated the in vitro antioxidant properties, antibacterial and antifungal activities, anti-inflammatory properties, and chemical composition of the essential oils (EOs), total phenol, and total flavonoid of wild Mentha pulegium L. This study also determined the mineral (nutritional and toxic) elements in the plant. The EOs were extracted using three techniques-hydro distillation (HD), steam distillation (SD), and microwave-assisted distillation (MAD)-and were analyzed using chromatography coupled with flame ionization (GC-FID) and gas chromatography attached with mass spectrometry detector (GC-MS). The antioxidant effects of the EOs were tested with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), while the antibacterial and antifungal activities of the EO and methanolic extract were tested using Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans. Twenty-six compounds were identified in the essential oil, representing 97.73% of the total oil, with 0.202% yield. The major components were pulegone (74.81%), menthone (13.01%) and piperitone (3.82%). Twenty-one elements, including macro- and micro-elements (Ba, Br, Ca, Cl, Co, Cr, Cs, Eu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Rb, Sb, Sc, Sr, Th, U and Zn), were detected using neutron activation analysis (INAA) and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), with the concentration of mineral element close to the FAO recommendation. The results show that the EOs and extracts from Mentha pulegium L. had significant antimicrobial activities against the microorganisms, including five human pathogenic bacteria, one yeast (Candida albicans), and one phytopathogenic fungi. The in vivo anti-inflammatory activities of the leaf extracts were confirmed. The results indicate that the EOs and extracts from Mentha pulegium L. have promising applications in the pharmaceutical industries, clinical applications, and in medical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Messaoudi
- Nuclear Research Centre of Birine, P.O. Box 180, Ain Oussera, Djelfa 17200, Algeria;
- Chemistry Department, University of Hamma Lakhdar El-Oued, B.P.789, El-Oued 39000, Algeria; (A.R.); (H.O.); (N.B.)
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (M.A.)
| | - Abdelkrim Rebiai
- Chemistry Department, University of Hamma Lakhdar El-Oued, B.P.789, El-Oued 39000, Algeria; (A.R.); (H.O.); (N.B.)
| | - Barbara Sawicka
- Department of Plant Production Technology and Commodities Science, University of Life Science in Lublin, Akademicka 15 Str., 20-950 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Maria Atanassova
- Nutritional Scientific Consulting, Chemical Engineering, University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, 1734 Sofia, Bulgaria
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (M.A.)
| | - Hamza Ouakouak
- Chemistry Department, University of Hamma Lakhdar El-Oued, B.P.789, El-Oued 39000, Algeria; (A.R.); (H.O.); (N.B.)
| | - Imane Larkem
- Agronomy Department, University of Mohamed Khider Biskra, P.O. Box 145, Biskrah 07000, Algeria;
| | - Chukwuebuka Egbuna
- Nutritional Biochemistry and Toxicology Unit, World Bank Africa Centre of Excellence, Centre for Public Health and Toxicological Research (ACE-PUTOR), Department of Biochemistry, University of Port-Harcourt, Rivers State 500001, Nigeria;
| | - Chinaza Godswill Awuchi
- School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Kampala International University, Kampala P.O. Box 20000, Uganda;
| | - Sihem Boubekeur
- Research Development Centre, SAIDAL, 35 Benyoucef Khattab Avenue, P.O. Box 16000, Mohammadi, El-Harrah, Algiers 16000, Algeria;
| | | | - Samir Begaa
- Nuclear Research Centre of Birine, P.O. Box 180, Ain Oussera, Djelfa 17200, Algeria;
| | - Naima Benchikha
- Chemistry Department, University of Hamma Lakhdar El-Oued, B.P.789, El-Oued 39000, Algeria; (A.R.); (H.O.); (N.B.)
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Sharma A, Ray A, Singhal RS. A biorefinery approach towards valorization of spent coffee ground: Extraction of the oil by supercritical carbon dioxide and utilizing the defatted spent in formulating functional cookies. FUTURE FOODS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fufo.2021.100090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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10
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Mur R, Pardo JI, Pino-Otín MR, Urieta JS, Mainar AM. Supercritical Antisolvent Fractionation of Antioxidant Compounds from Salvia officinalis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9351. [PMID: 34502255 PMCID: PMC8431610 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing interest towards greener antioxidants obtained via natural sources and more sustainable processes encourages the development of new theoretical and experimental methods in the field of those compounds. Two advanced separation methods using supercritical CO2 are applied to obtain valuable antioxidants from Salvia officinalis, and a first approximation to a QSAR model relating molecular structure with antioxidant activity is explored in order to be used, in the future, as a guide for the preselection of compounds of interest in these processes. Separation experiments through antisolvent fractionation with supercritical CO2 were designed using a Response Surface Methodology to study the effect of pressure and CO2 flow rate on both mass yields and capability to obtain fractions enriched in three antioxidant compounds: chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid and rosmarinic acid which were tracked using HPLC PDA. Rosmarinic acid was completely retained in the precipitation vessel while chlorogenic and caffeic acids, though distributed between the two separated fractions, had a major presence in the precipitation vessel too. The conditions predicted for an optimal overall yield and enrichment were 148 bar and 10 g/min. Although a training dataset including much more compounds than those now considered can be recommended, descriptors calculated from the σ-profiles provided by COSMO-RS model seem to be adequate for estimating the antioxidant activity of pure compounds through QSAR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Mur
- GATHERS Group, Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Mariano Esquillor s/n, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; (R.M.); (J.I.P.); (J.S.U.)
| | - Juan I. Pardo
- GATHERS Group, Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Mariano Esquillor s/n, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; (R.M.); (J.I.P.); (J.S.U.)
| | - M. Rosa Pino-Otín
- Campus Universitario Villanueva de Gállego, Universidad San Jorge, Autovía A-23 Zaragoza-Huesca Km. 299, 50830 Villanueva de Gállego, Spain;
| | - José S. Urieta
- GATHERS Group, Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Mariano Esquillor s/n, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; (R.M.); (J.I.P.); (J.S.U.)
| | - Ana M. Mainar
- GATHERS Group, Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Mariano Esquillor s/n, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; (R.M.); (J.I.P.); (J.S.U.)
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Song H, Chen D, Sun S, Li J, Tu M, Xu Z, Gong R, Jiang G. Peach- Morchella intercropping mode affects soil properties and fungal composition. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11705. [PMID: 34306827 PMCID: PMC8280869 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to explore a three-dimensional planting mode in orchards and provide theoretical basis for the efficient peach-Morchella planting and soil management after Morchella cultivation. Methods Next-generation sequencing was performed to investigate the variations in soil physicochemical properties, enzyme activities and fungal composition under peach-Morchella intercropping for one year and two years, by using the soil without peach-Morchella intercropping as the control group. Results Peach-Morchella intercropping decreased the soil bulk density, and significantly increased the maximum field capacity, non-capillary porosity and total porosity, organic matter, available potassium and available zinc, which together improved soil structure and soil fertility. Besides, the intercropping mode obviously enhanced soil enzyme activities and mineral absorption and transformation in peach orchard soils. The intercropping also resulted in a decline of soil fungal diversity, and the 2-year soil samples were of higher abundance of Zygomycota. More importantly, peach-Morchella intercropping elevated the yields of both peach and Morchella, bringing about obviously higher economic benefits. Conclusion Continuous peach-Morchella intercropping improves the soil structure and fertility while decreases soil fungal diversity, which can contribute to greater economic benefits of the peach orchard. Our findings shed new light on the intercropping-fungus-soil relationship, and may facilitate the further development of peach-Morchella intercropping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Song
- Horticulture Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences & Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Creation in Southwestern China of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, China.,College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dong Chen
- Horticulture Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences & Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Creation in Southwestern China of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuxia Sun
- Horticulture Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences & Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Creation in Southwestern China of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Li
- Horticulture Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences & Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Creation in Southwestern China of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, China
| | - Meiyan Tu
- Horticulture Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences & Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Creation in Southwestern China of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, China
| | - Zihong Xu
- Horticulture Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences & Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Creation in Southwestern China of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, China
| | - Ronggao Gong
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guoliang Jiang
- Horticulture Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences & Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Creation in Southwestern China of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, China
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12
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Yeşiltepe O, Güler Çelik E, Geyik C, Gümüş ZP, Odaci Demirkol D, Coşkunol H, Timur S. Preparation of glutathione loaded nanoemulsions and testing of hepatoprotective activity on THLE-2 cells. Turk J Chem 2021; 45:436-451. [PMID: 34104055 PMCID: PMC8164205 DOI: 10.3906/kim-2007-54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
To improve bioavailability and stability of hydrophobic and hydrophilic compounds, nanoemulsions are good alternatives as delivery systems because of their nontoxic and nonirritant nature. Glutathione (GSH) suffers from low stability in water, where its encapsulation in nanoemulsions is a powerful strategy to its stability in aqueous systems. The aim of this study was to obtain nanoemulsions from the hydrophobic/hydrophilic contents of N. sativa seed oil so as to improve GSH stability along with bioavailability of N. sativa seed oil. Then, the prepared nanoemulsions were tested for in vitro hepatoprotective activity against ethanol toxicity. To the best of our knowledge, there is no study on the test of nanoemulsions by the combination of Nigella sativa seed oils and GSH in hepatoprotective activity. Here, nanoemulsions with different contents were prepared using Nigella sativa seed oils. Content analyses and characterisation studies of prepared nanoemulsions were carried out. In order to investigate the protective effects against to ethanol exposure, THLE-2 cells were pretreated with nanoemulsions for 2 h with the maximum benign dose (0.5 mg/mL of nanoemulsions). Ethanol (400 mM) was introduced to pretreated cells and nontreated cells for 48- or 72-h periods, followed by cell viability assay was carried out. Fluorescence microscopy tests revealed the introduction of the nanoemulsions into THLE-2 cells. The findings show that nanoformulations have promising in vitro hepatoprotective effects on the THLE-2 cell line against ethanol exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozan Yeşiltepe
- Institute on Drug Abuse Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science, Ege University, İzmir Turkey
| | - Emine Güler Çelik
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ege University, İzmir Turkey
| | - Caner Geyik
- Institute on Drug Abuse Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science, Ege University, İzmir Turkey.,Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, İstinye University, İstanbul Turkey
| | - Zinar Pınar Gümüş
- Institute on Drug Abuse Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science, Ege University, İzmir Turkey.,Central Research Testing and Analysis Laboratory Research and Application Center, Ege University, İzmir Turkey
| | | | - Hakan Coşkunol
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, İzmir Turkey
| | - Suna Timur
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ege University, İzmir Turkey.,Central Research Testing and Analysis Laboratory Research and Application Center, Ege University, İzmir Turkey
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Effect of High Hydrostatic Pressure Extraction on Biological Activities and Phenolics Composition of Winter Savory Leaf Extracts. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9090841. [PMID: 32911721 PMCID: PMC7554779 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9090841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Satureja montana L. has several biological properties related to its diverse composition of secondary metabolites. Nevertheless, it has been mainly studied for its essential oil, with only a few studies on the profile and bioactivities of the bioactive compounds from its leaf extracts being reported. This work aimed to study the antioxidant activity (by oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay), antimicrobial minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations (MIC and MBC) determination, antibiofilm (by colorimetry), impact upon DNA (anti- and pro-oxidant assay), and cytotoxicity (by cell metabolism viability assays) of S. montana extracts obtained by high-pressure-assisted extraction (HPE). The extract obtained at 348 MPa, 35% (v/v) ethanol presented the highest concentration of individual phenolic compounds, and a minimum bactericidal concentration of 20 mg/mL against Listeria monocytogenes. HPE extracts showed antioxidant activity not only in ORAC but they were also able to prevent/attenuate peroxide-induced damage upon DNA. Moreover, on its own, HPE extract induced less oxidative damage than the control extract. Concerning the cytotoxicity, HPE extracts (at 0.5 and 1.0 mg/mL) were not harmful to HT29 cell lines, while control extracts (obtained at atmospheric pressure) at higher concentrations (>1.0 mg/mL) slightly reduced the metabolism of the cells. Finally, all extracts showed inhibition of the viability of 3 cancerous cell lines (>2.0 mg/mL for Caco-2, HeLa, and TR146) to below 15%.
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14
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Yousefi M, Rahimi-Nasrabadi M, Pourmortazavi SM, Wysokowski M, Jesionowski T, Ehrlich H, Mirsadeghi S. Supercritical fluid extraction of essential oils. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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15
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Majdoub S, El Mokni R, Muradalievich AA, Piras A, Porcedda S, Hammami S. Effect of pressure variation on the efficiency of supercritical fluid extraction of wild carrot (Daucus carota subsp. maritimus) extracts. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2019; 1125:121713. [PMID: 31323559 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2019.121713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to check the comparative qualities of essential oils prepared by hydrodistillation (HD) and supercritical fluid techniques. It constitutes the first attempt to investigate the chemical composition of Daucus carota subsp. maritimus extracts using supercritical fluid technology (SFE) as an environmentally clean innovative method of extraction. The effect of pressure on the nature of extractable substances from wild carrot has been performed at a constant temperature of 50 °C and two different pressures (100 and 300 bar). The experimental results showed that pressure had a significant enhancing effect on the fluid transport properties and therefore on yield values. The extraction yield increases from 1.167 to 2.986% while increasing pressure. The chemical compositions of the essential oils prepared by HD and SFE were analyzed on the basis of gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Thus, we noticed that all analyzed samples were enriched in geranyl acetate and β‑bisabolene, and that the quantities of different identified substances were extremely sensitive to the extraction method and to the pressure variation in case of SFE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwar Majdoub
- Research Unit 13ES63, Applied Chemistry and Environment, Monastir University, Faculty of Sciences of Monastir, Monastir 5000, University of Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Ridha El Mokni
- Department of Life Sciences, Laboratory of Botany and Plant Ecology, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerta, Jarzouna-7021, Bizerta, University of Carthage, Tunisia; Department Pharmaceutical Sciences "A", Laboratory of Botany, Cryptogamy and Plant Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy of Monastir, BP 207, Avenue Avicenna-5000, University of Monastir, Tunisia; Department of Silvo-Pastoral Resources, Laboratory of Silvo-Pastoral Resources, Silvo-Pastoral Institute of Tabarka, BP. 345, Tabarka 8110, University of Jendouba, Tunisia
| | - Aliev Aslan Muradalievich
- Mountain Botanical Garden DSC RAS, Yaragskogo Street, 75, Makhachkala 367030, Russia; Institute of Physics DSC RAS, Yaragskogo Street, 94, Makhachkala 367003, Russia
| | - Alessandra Piras
- Department of Chemical and Geological Science, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, S.P. Monserrato-Sestu km 0,700, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Silvia Porcedda
- Department of Chemical and Geological Science, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, S.P. Monserrato-Sestu km 0,700, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Saoussen Hammami
- Research Unit 13ES63, Applied Chemistry and Environment, Monastir University, Faculty of Sciences of Monastir, Monastir 5000, University of Monastir, Tunisia.
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Šojić B, Pavlić B, Tomović V, Ikonić P, Zeković Z, Kocić-Tanackov S, Đurović S, Škaljac S, Jokanović M, Ivić M. Essential oil versus supercritical fluid extracts of winter savory (Satureja montana L.) – Assessment of the oxidative, microbiological and sensory quality of fresh pork sausages. Food Chem 2019; 287:280-286. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.12.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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17
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Supercritical CO2 Extracts and Volatile Oil of Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) Comparison with Conventional Methods. SEPARATIONS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/separations5020021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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18
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An original approach for lipophilic natural products extraction: Use of liquefied n-butane as alternative solvent to n-hexane. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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19
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Sun SH, Chai GB, Li P, Xie JP, Su Y. Steam distillation/drop-by-drop extraction with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for fast determination of volatile components in jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) extract. Chem Cent J 2017; 11:101. [PMID: 29086878 PMCID: PMC5640556 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-017-0329-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Jujube extract is commonly used as a food additive and flavoring. The unique jujube aroma and the mild sweet aroma of the extract are critical factors that determine product quality and affect consumer acceptability. The aroma changes with changes in the extraction condition, which is typically dependent on the characteristics of volatile oils in the extract. Despite their importance, the volatile oils of jujube extract have received less attention compared with the soluble components. So, an appropriate qualitative and quantitative method for determination of the volatile oils is vitally important for quality control of the product. RESULTS A method coupling steam distillation/drop-by-drop extraction with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (S3DE/GC-MS) was developed to determine the volatile components of jujube extract. Steam distillation was coupled with solvent extraction; the resulting condensate containing volatile components from jujube extract was drop-by-drop extracted using 2 mL of methyl tertiary butyl ether. The solvent served two purposes. First, the solvent extracted the volatile components from the condensate. Second, the volatile components were pre-concentrated by drop-by-drop accumulation in the solvent. As a result, the extraction, separation, and concentration of analytes in the sample were simultaneously completed in one step. The main parameters affecting the S3DE procedure, such as the water steam bubbling rate, extraction solvent volume, sample weight and S3DE time, were optimized. The standard addition approach was essential to obtain accurate measurements by minimizing matrix effects. Good linearity (R2 ≥ 0.9887) and good repeatability (RSDs ≤ 10.35%, n = 5) for 16 analytes in spiked standard analyte samples were achieved. CONCLUSIONS With the S3DE/GC-MS method, seventy-six volatile compounds from jujube extract were identified and the content of 16 compounds was measured. The results were similar to those from simultaneous distillation extraction. The developed method was simple, fast, effective, sensitive, and provided an overall profile of the volatile components in jujube extract. Thus, this method can be used to determine the volatile components of extracts. Graphical abstract The diagram of steam distillation/drop-by-drop extraction device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Hao Sun
- Center for Chinese Medicine Therapy and Systems Biology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory in Flavor & Fragrance Basic Research, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute, China National Tobacco Corporation, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Guo-Bi Chai
- Key Laboratory in Flavor & Fragrance Basic Research, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute, China National Tobacco Corporation, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Peng Li
- Key Laboratory in Flavor & Fragrance Basic Research, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute, China National Tobacco Corporation, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jian-Ping Xie
- Key Laboratory in Flavor & Fragrance Basic Research, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute, China National Tobacco Corporation, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Yue Su
- Center for Chinese Medicine Therapy and Systems Biology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, Shanghai, China.
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Vladić J, Zeković Z, Jokić S, Svilović S, Kovačević S, Vidović S. Winter savory: Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and mathematical modeling of extraction process. J Supercrit Fluids 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2016.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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21
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Carvalho PI, Osorio-Tobón JF, Rostagno MA, Petenate AJ, Meireles MAA. Techno-economic evaluation of the extraction of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) oil and ar-turmerone using supercritical carbon dioxide. J Supercrit Fluids 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2015.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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22
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Abstract
CONTEXT Satureja (Lamiaceae) species are used as flavoring compounds in food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries because of its sweetness and simple cultivation characteristics. They have traditionally been used as muscle pain relievers, tonic, and carminative agents to treat stomach and intestinal disorders such as cramps, nausea, indigestion, and diarrhea, due to their considerable phytochemical characteristics. OBJECTIVE This review evaluates some information published since 1989 on Satureja genus from a systematic perspective in terms of its pharmacological and phytochemical characteristics. MATERIALS AND METHODS Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases were searched up to March 2014. "Satureja" was used as a research term without narrowing or limiting research elements. After obtaining all reports from database (a total number is about 637), the papers were carefully analyzed in order to find data related to the topic of this review. RESULTS In this review, 453 reports were used which were published between 1989 and 2014. The study was compiled into two sections (Pharmacology and Phytochemistry). In the pharmacology section, more than 50 different activities were studied. In the second section, in addition to other compounds and inorganic substances, volatiles, phenolic acids, and flavonoids were discussed. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION According to our contemporary information, Satureja species have been evaluated for their wide range of biological activities. However, a small part of these studies have been carried out on the active principles. Therefore, in the future, more studies should be carried out to identify responsible phytochemicals for the various activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bektas Tepe
- a Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Literature , Kilis 7 Aralik University , Kilis , Turkey and
| | - Mustafa Cilkiz
- b Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Literature , Gaziantep University , Gaziantep , Turkey
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Liu JX, Sun YH, Li CP. Volatile oils of Chinese crude medicines exhibit antiparasitic activity against human Demodex with no adverse effects in vivo. Exp Ther Med 2015; 9:1304-1308. [PMID: 25780426 PMCID: PMC4353771 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Demodex is a type of permanent obligatory parasite, which can be found on the human body surface. Currently, drugs targeting Demodex usually result in adverse effects and have a poor therapeutic effect. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the use of Chinese crude medicine volatile oils for targeting and inhibiting Demodex in vitro. The volatile oils of six Chinese crude medicines were investigated, including clove, orange fruit, Manchurian wildginger, cinnamon bark, Rhizome Alpiniae Officinarum and pricklyash peel, which were extracted using a distillation method. The exercise status of Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis and the antiparasitic effects of the volatile oils against the two species were observed using microscopy. A skin irritation test was used to examine the irritation intensity of the volatile oils. In addition, an acute toxicity test was utilized to observe the toxicity effects of the volatile oils on the skin. Xin Fumanling ointment was employed as a positive control to identify the therapeutic effects of the volatile oils. The results indicated that all six volatile oils were able to kill Demodex efficiently. In particular, the clove volatile oil was effective in inducing optimized anti-Demodex activity. The lethal times of the volatile oils were significantly decreased compared with the Xin Fumanling ointment (P<0.05). Furthermore, the skin irritation test results indicated that the clove volatile oil did not trigger any irritation (0.2 and 0.3 points for intact and scratched skin, respectively), and had a safety equal to that of distilled water. There were not any adverse effects observed following application of the clove volatile oil on the intact or scratched skin. In conclusion, the volatile oils of Chinese crude medicines, particularly that of clove, demonstrated an evident anti-Demodex activity and were able to kill Demodex effectively and safely in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Xin Liu
- Department of Clinical Pathogen Biology, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161006, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Hong Sun
- Department of Clinical Pathogen Biology, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161006, P.R. China
| | - Chao-Pin Li
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, P.R. China
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Hunt S, Yoshida M, Davis CE, Greenhill NS, Davis PF. An extract of the medicinal plant Artemisia annua modulates production of inflammatory markers in activated neutrophils. J Inflamm Res 2015; 8:9-14. [PMID: 25609991 PMCID: PMC4298291 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s75484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the ability of a commercial extract from the medicinal plant Artemisia annua to modulate production of the cytokine, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and the cyclooxygenase (COX) inflammatory marker, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in activated neutrophils. METHODS Neutrophils were harvested from rat whole blood and cultured in the presence of plant extract or control samples. Neutrophils, except unactivated control cells, were activated with 10 μg/mL lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The cells were cultured with a range of different concentrations of the A. annua extracts (400-1 μg/mL) and artemisinin (200 and 100 μg/mL) and the supernatants were then tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the concentrations of TNF-α and PGE2. Each sample was assayed in triplicate. Positive controls with an inhibitor were assayed in triplicate: chloroquine 2.58 and 5.16 μg/mL for TNF-α, and ibuprofen 400 μg/mL for PGE2. An unsupplemented group was also assessed in triplicate as a baseline control. RESULTS Neutrophils were stimulated to an inflammatory state by the addition of LPS. A. annua extract significantly inhibited TNF-α production by activated neutrophils in a dose-dependent manner. There was complete inhibition by the A. annua extract at 200, 100, and 50 μg/mL (all P≤0.0003). At A. annua extract concentrations of 25, 10, and 5 μg/mL, TNF-α production was inhibited by 89% (P<0.0001), 54% (P=0.0002), and 38% (P=0.0014), respectively. A. annua 1 μg/mL did not significantly inhibit TNF-α production (8.8%; P>0.05). Concentrations of 400, 200, and 100 μg/mL A. annua extract significantly inhibited PGE2 production by 87% (P=0.0128), 91% (P=0.0017), and 93% (P=0.0114), respectively. CONCLUSION An extract of A. annua was shown to be a potent inhibitor of TNF-α and a strong inhibitor of PGE2 production in activated neutrophils at the concentrations tested. Further studies are warranted with this promising plant extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheena Hunt
- Promisia Integrative Ltd, Wellington, New Zealand
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Kumari S, Pundhir S, Priya P, Jeena G, Punetha A, Chawla K, Firdos Jafaree Z, Mondal S, Yadav G. EssOilDB: a database of essential oils reflecting terpene composition and variability in the plant kingdom. DATABASE-THE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL DATABASES AND CURATION 2014; 2014:bau120. [PMID: 25534749 PMCID: PMC4273207 DOI: 10.1093/database/bau120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Plant essential oils are complex mixtures of volatile organic compounds, which play indispensable roles in the environment, for the plant itself, as well as for humans. The potential biological information stored in essential oil composition data can provide an insight into the silent language of plants, and the roles of these chemical emissions in defense, communication and pollinator attraction. In order to decipher volatile profile patterns from a global perspective, we have developed the ESSential OIL DataBase (EssOilDB), a continually updated, freely available electronic database designed to provide knowledge resource for plant essential oils, that enables one to address a multitude of queries on volatile profiles of native, invasive, normal or stressed plants, across taxonomic clades, geographical locations and several other biotic and abiotic influences. To our knowledge, EssOilDB is the only database in the public domain providing an opportunity for context based scientific research on volatile patterns in plants. EssOilDB presently contains 123 041 essential oil records spanning a century of published reports on volatile profiles, with data from 92 plant taxonomic families, spread across diverse geographical locations all over the globe. We hope that this huge repository of VOCs will facilitate unraveling of the true significance of volatiles in plants, along with creating potential avenues for industrial applications of essential oils. We also illustrate the use of this database in terpene biology and show how EssOilDB can be used to complement data from computational genomics to gain insights into the diversity and variability of terpenoids in the plant kingdom. EssOilDB would serve as a valuable information resource, for students and researchers in plant biology, in the design and discovery of new odor profiles, as well as for entrepreneurs—the potential for generating consumer specific scents being one of the most attractive and interesting topics in the cosmetic industry. Database URL: http://nipgr.res.in/Essoildb/
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangita Kumari
- Computational Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), New Delhi 110067 India
| | - Sachin Pundhir
- Computational Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), New Delhi 110067 India
| | - Piyush Priya
- Computational Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), New Delhi 110067 India
| | - Ganga Jeena
- Computational Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), New Delhi 110067 India
| | - Ankita Punetha
- Computational Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), New Delhi 110067 India
| | - Konika Chawla
- Computational Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), New Delhi 110067 India
| | - Zohra Firdos Jafaree
- Computational Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), New Delhi 110067 India
| | - Subhasish Mondal
- Computational Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), New Delhi 110067 India
| | - Gitanjali Yadav
- Computational Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), New Delhi 110067 India
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Chen X, Song B, Yao Y, Wu H, Hu J, Zhao L. Aromatic plants play an important role in promoting soil biological activity related to nitrogen cycling in an orchard ecosystem. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 472:939-946. [PMID: 24342101 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.11.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Revised: 11/24/2013] [Accepted: 11/24/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Aromatic plants can substantially improve the diversity and structure of arthropod communities, as well as reduce the number of herbivore pests and regulate the abundance of predators and parasitoids. However, it is not clear whether aromatic plants are also effective in improving soil quality by enhancing nutrient cycling. Here, field experiments are described involving intercropping with aromatic plants to investigate their effect on soil nitrogen (N) cycling in an orchard ecosystem. The results indicate that the soil organic nitrogen and available nitrogen contents increased significantly in soils intercropped with aromatic plants. Similarly, the activities of soil protease and urease increased, together with total microbial biomass involved in N cycling, including nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria and azotobacters, as well as the total numbers of bacteria and fungi. This suggests that aromatic plants improve soil N cycling and nutrient levels by enriching the soil in organic matter through the regulation of both the abundance and community structure of microorganisms, together with associated soil enzyme activity, in orchard ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Chen
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, Beijing, China
| | - Beizhou Song
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, Beijing, China
| | - Yuncong Yao
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, Beijing, China.
| | - Hongying Wu
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Jinghui Hu
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Lingling Zhao
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
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Capuzzo A, Maffei ME, Occhipinti A. Supercritical fluid extraction of plant flavors and fragrances. Molecules 2013; 18:7194-238. [PMID: 23783457 PMCID: PMC6270407 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18067194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Revised: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) of plant material with solvents like CO₂, propane, butane, or ethylene is a topic of growing interest. SFE allows the processing of plant material at low temperatures, hence limiting thermal degradation, and avoids the use of toxic solvents. Although today SFE is mainly used for decaffeination of coffee and tea as well as production of hop extracts on a large scale, there is also a growing interest in this extraction method for other industrial applications operating at different scales. In this review we update the literature data on SFE technology, with particular reference to flavors and fragrance, by comparing traditional extraction techniques of some industrial medicinal and aromatic crops with SFE. Moreover, we describe the biological activity of SFE extracts by describing their insecticidal, acaricidal, antimycotic, antimicrobial, cytotoxic and antioxidant properties. Finally, we discuss the process modelling, mass-transfer mechanisms, kinetics parameters and thermodynamic by giving an overview of SFE potential in the flavors and fragrances arena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Capuzzo
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Innovation Centre, Via Quarello 15/A, 10135 Turin, Italy; E-Mails: (A.C.); (M.E.M.)
- Biosfered S.r.l., Academic Spin Off of the University of Turin, Innovation Centre, Via Quarello 15/A, 10135 Turin, Italy
| | - Massimo E. Maffei
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Innovation Centre, Via Quarello 15/A, 10135 Turin, Italy; E-Mails: (A.C.); (M.E.M.)
- Biosfered S.r.l., Academic Spin Off of the University of Turin, Innovation Centre, Via Quarello 15/A, 10135 Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Occhipinti
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Innovation Centre, Via Quarello 15/A, 10135 Turin, Italy; E-Mails: (A.C.); (M.E.M.)
- Biosfered S.r.l., Academic Spin Off of the University of Turin, Innovation Centre, Via Quarello 15/A, 10135 Turin, Italy
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Bucar F, Wube A, Schmid M. Natural product isolation – how to get from biological material to pure compounds. Nat Prod Rep 2013; 30:525-45. [DOI: 10.1039/c3np20106f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Optimization of pressurized liquid extraction of three major acetophenones from Cynanchum bungei using a box-behnken design. Int J Mol Sci 2012. [PMID: 23203079 PMCID: PMC3509595 DOI: 10.3390/ijms131114533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) of three acetophenones (4-hydroxyacetophenone, baishouwubenzophenone, and 2,4-dihydroxyacetophenone) from Cynanchum bungei (ACB) were investigated. The optimal conditions for extraction of ACB were obtained using a Box-Behnken design, consisting of 17 experimental points, as follows: Ethanol (100%) as the extraction solvent at a temperature of 120 °C and an extraction pressure of 1500 psi, using one extraction cycle with a static extraction time of 17 min. The extracted samples were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography using an UV detector. Under this optimal condition, the experimental values agreed with the predicted values by analysis of variance. The ACB extraction yield with optimal PLE was higher than that obtained by soxhlet extraction and heat-reflux extraction methods. The results suggest that the PLE method provides a good alternative for acetophenone extraction.
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