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Kempthorne CJ, Borra S, Kumar M, Dokuburra CB, Liscombe DK, McNulty J. Identification of haemanthamine as a phytotoxic alkaloid in Narcissus pseudonarcissus L. (Daffodil) emerging buds. Nat Prod Res 2023; 37:4232-4238. [PMID: 36744673 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2174536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Emerging buds of Narcissus pseudonarcissus were found to accumulate the alkaloid haemanthamine (1) at high concentrations, exceeding that of narciclasine (2), the most abundant constituent in bulbs of the plant. A phytoactivity screening assay demonstrated the novel phytotoxicity of haemanthamine against Raphanus sativus (radish), Lactuca sativus (lettuce), Triticum aestivum (red wheat), Solanum lycopersicum (tomato), Cucumis sativus (cucumber), Ipomoea (Morning glory), and Lens culinaris (lentil). Haemanthamine (1) phytotoxicity was found to exceed that of the commercial herbicide glyphosate and less toxic than narciclasine (2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine J Kempthorne
- Biochemistry Group, Vineland Research and Innovation Centre, Vineland Station, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Biotechnology and Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
| | - Suresh Borra
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Chanti Babu Dokuburra
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - David K Liscombe
- Biochemistry Group, Vineland Research and Innovation Centre, Vineland Station, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Biotechnology and Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
| | - James McNulty
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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2
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Nair JJ, van Staden J. Chemical Principles of Boophone, Nerine, Crossyne, Clivia, Cryptostephanus, Haemanthus and Scadoxus of the South African Amaryllidaceae and Their Biological Properties. PLANTA MEDICA 2023; 89:99-115. [PMID: 34921374 DOI: 10.1055/a-1724-6244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The Amaryllidaceae features prominently amongst bulbous flowering plant families. Accommodating about a third of its species, South Africa affords a sound basis for Amaryllidaceae plant research. Boophone, Nerine, Crossyne, Clivia, Cryptostephanus, Haemanthus and Scadoxus have been well-represented in such endeavors. The account herein summarizes the studies undertaken between 2013 - 2020 on these genera in regards to their chemical and biological characteristics. A total of 136 compounds comprising 63 alkaloids and 73 non-alkaloid entities were described during this period from eighteen members of the title genera. The alkaloids were reflective of the structural diversity found in eight isoquinoline alkaloid groups of the Amaryllidaceae. Of these, the crinane (29 compounds), lycorane and homolycorine (11 compounds each) groups were the most-represented. The non-alkaloid substances were embracive of the same number of unrelated groups including, acids, phenolics, flavonoids and triterpenoids. A wide variety of assays were engaged to ascertain the biological activities of the isolated compounds, notably in regards to cancer and motorneuron-related diseases. There were also attempts made to determine the antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of some of the substances. New information has also emerged on the herbicidal, insecticidal and plant growth regulatory effects of selected alkaloid principles. Coupled to the biological screening measures were in instances probes made to establish the molecular basis to some of the activities, particularly in relation to cancer and Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerald J Nair
- Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Scottsville, South Africa
| | - Johannes van Staden
- Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Scottsville, South Africa
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Rachmaniah O, Wilson EG, Choi YH, Witkamp GJ, Verpoorte R. Pressurized Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent Extraction of Galanthamine and Related Alkaloids from Narcissus pseudonarcissus. PLANTA MEDICA 2022; 88:814-825. [PMID: 35304734 DOI: 10.1055/a-1803-3259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The isolation of a compound from a natural source involves many organic and mostly toxic solvents for extraction and purification. Natural deep eutectic solvents have been shown to be efficient options for the extraction of natural products. They have the advantage of being composed of abundantly available common primary metabolites, being nontoxic and environmentally safe solvents. The aim of this study was to develop a natural deep eutectic solvent-based extraction method for galanthamine, an important therapeutic agent for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. This alkaloid can be produced by synthesis or by extraction from Narcissus bulbs. To develop an efficient extraction method, a number of different natural deep eutectic solvents was first tested for their solubilization capacity of galanthamine bromide salt. Promising results were obtained for ionic liquids, as well as some amphoteric and acidic natural deep eutectic solvents. In a two-cycle extraction process, the best solvents were tested for the extraction of galanthamine from bulbs. The ionic liquids produced poor yields, and the best results were obtained with some acid and sugar mixtures, among which malic acid-sucrose-water (1 : 1 : 5) proved to be the best, showing similar yields to that of the exhaustive Soxhlet extraction with methanol. Furthermore, the natural deep eutectic solvent was more selective for galanthamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orchidea Rachmaniah
- Institute Technology of Sepuluh Nopember, Chemical Engineering Department, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Erica G Wilson
- Natural Products Laboratory, Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Young Hae Choi
- Natural Products Laboratory, Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
- College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Geert-Jan Witkamp
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Biology and Environmental Science and Engineering, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Robert Verpoorte
- Natural Products Laboratory, Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Berkov S, Osorio E, Viladomat F, Bastida J. Chemodiversity, chemotaxonomy and chemoecology of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids. THE ALKALOIDS. CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2020; 83:113-185. [PMID: 32098649 DOI: 10.1016/bs.alkal.2019.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The Amaryllidaceae alkaloids are a distinctive chemotaxonomic feature of the subfamily Amaryllidoideae of the family Amaryllidaceae, which consists of 59 genera and >800 species distributed primarily in tropical and subtropical areas. Since the first isolation, ca. 140 ago, >600 structurally diverse Amaryllidaceae alkaloids have been reported from ca. 350 species (44% of all species in the subfamily). A few have been found in other plant families, but the majority are unique to the Amaryllidoideae. These alkaloids have attracted considerable research interest due to their wide range of biological and pharmacological activities, which have been extensively reviewed. In this chapter we provide a review of the 636 structures of isolated or tentatively identified alkaloids from plants of the Amaryllidoideae and their classification into 42 skeleton types, as well as a discussion on their distribution, and chemotaxonomical and chemoecological aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Strahil Berkov
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Edison Osorio
- Grupo de Investigación en Sustancias Bioactivas, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Alimentarias, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Francesc Viladomat
- Grup de Productes Naturals, Departament de Biologia, Sanitat i Medi Ambient, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaume Bastida
- Grup de Productes Naturals, Departament de Biologia, Sanitat i Medi Ambient, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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Visschers IGS, Peters JL, van de Vondervoort JAH, Hoogveld RHM, van Dam NM. Thrips Resistance Screening Is Coming of Age: Leaf Position and Ontogeny Are Important Determinants of Leaf-Based Resistance in Pepper. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:510. [PMID: 31105720 PMCID: PMC6491929 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Capsicum is a genus containing important crop species, many of which severely suffer from thrips infestation. Thrips feeding damages leaves and fruits, and often results in virus infections. Only a few insecticides are still effective against thrips, underlining the importance of finding natural resistance in crops. Capsicum is a perennial plant which is usually cultivated for several months, during which time the fruits are harvested. From the young vegetative stage to the mature fruit bearing stage, the plants are at risk to thrips infestation. Constitutive resistance to thrips over the entire ontogenetic development is therefore a key trait for a more sustainable and successful cultivation of the hot and sweet pepper. In addition to ontogeny, leaf position can affect the level of thrips resistance. Pest resistance levels are known to differ between young and old leaves. To our knowledge, no studies have explicitly considered ontogeny and leaf position when screening for constitutive resistance to thrips in Capsicum. In this study we analyze whether ontogeny and leaf position affect leaf-based resistance to Frankliniella occidentalis and Thrips tabaci, in 40 Capsicum accessions, comprising five different species. Our results show that resistance to both thrips species in Capsicum varies with ontogenetic stage. This variation in resistance among ontogenetic stages was not consistent among the accessions. However, accessions with constitutive resistance in both the flowering and fruit ripening stage could be identified. In addition, we found that thrips resistance is overall similar at different leaf positions within the ontogenetic stage. This implies that resistance mechanisms, such as defense compounds, are constitutively present at sufficient levels on all leaf positions. Finally, we found that resistance to F. occidentalis and resistance to T. tabaci were not correlated. This indicates that leaf-based resistance in Capsicum is thrips species-specific. Because of the variation in resistance over ontogeny, identifying Capsicum accessions with resistance over their entire lifespan is challenging. For resistance screening, accounting for leaf position may be less of a concern. To identify the defense mechanisms responsible for thrips resistance, it is important to further analyze and compare resistant and susceptible accessions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella G. S. Visschers
- Department of Molecular Interaction Ecology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Janny L. Peters
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Joep A. H. van de Vondervoort
- Department of Molecular Interaction Ecology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Rick H. M. Hoogveld
- Department of Molecular Interaction Ecology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Nicole M. van Dam
- Department of Molecular Interaction Ecology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biodiversity, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
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Tallini LR, Andrade JPD, Kaiser M, Viladomat F, Nair JJ, Zuanazzi JAS, Bastida J. Alkaloid Constituents of the Amaryllidaceae Plant Amaryllis belladonna L. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22091437. [PMID: 28858260 PMCID: PMC6151567 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22091437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The plant family Amaryllidaceae is well-known for its unique alkaloid constituents, which exhibit a wide range of biological activities. Its representative, Amaryllis belladonna, has a geographical distribution covering mainly southern Africa, where it has significant usage in the traditional medicine of the native people. In this study, A. belladonna samples collected in Brazil were examined for alkaloid content. Alkaloid profiles of A. belladonna bulbs were generated by a combination of chromatographic, spectroscopic and spectrometric methods, including GC–MS and 2D NMR. In vitro screening against four different parasitic protozoa (Trypanosoma cruzi, T. brucei rhodesiense, Leishmania donovani and Plasmodium falciparum) was carried out using the A. belladonna crude methanol extract, as well as three of its alkaloid isolates. Twenty-six different Amaryllidaceae alkaloids were identified in the A. belladonna bulb samples, and three of them were isolated. Evidence for their respective biosynthetic pathways was afforded via their mass-spectral fragmentation data. Improved data for 1-O-acetylcaranine was provided by 2D NMR experiments, together with new 1H-NMR data for buphanamine. The crude extract and 3-O-acetylhamayne exhibited good antiprotozoal activity in vitro, although both with a high cytotoxic index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana R Tallini
- Departament de Biologia, Sanitat i Medi Ambient, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Jean Paulo de Andrade
- Departamento de Química Orgânica, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari 845, Victoria 29075-015, Brazil.
| | - Marcel Kaiser
- Medicinal Parasitology and Infection Biology, Swiss Tropical Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4051 Basel, Switzerland.
- University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4001 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Francesc Viladomat
- Departament de Biologia, Sanitat i Medi Ambient, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Jerald J Nair
- Departament de Biologia, Sanitat i Medi Ambient, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - José Angelo S Zuanazzi
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga 2752, Porto Alegre 90610-000, Brazil.
| | - Jaume Bastida
- Departament de Biologia, Sanitat i Medi Ambient, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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