1
|
Suthiram J, Ebenhan T, Marjanovic-Painter B, Sathekge MM, Zeevaart JR. Towards Facile Radiolabeling and Preparation of Gallium-68-/Bismuth-213-DOTA-[Thi 8, Met(O 2) 11]-Substance P for Future Clinical Application: First Experiences. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13091326. [PMID: 34575402 PMCID: PMC8472077 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Substance P (SP) is a small peptide commonly known as a preferential endogenous ligand for the transmembrane neurokinin-1 receptor. Nuclear Medicine procedures currently involve radiolabeled SP derivatives in peptide radioligand endotherapy of inoperable glioblastoma. Promising clinical results sparked the demand for facile production strategies for a functionalized 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid-[Thi8, Met(O2)11]-SP to allow for rapid Gallium-68 or Bismuth-213 complexation. Therefore, we provide a simple kit-like radiotracer preparation method that caters for the gallium-68 activity eluted from a SnO2 generator matrix as well as preliminary results on the adaptability to produce [213Bi]Bi-DOTA-[Thi8, Met(O2)11]SP from the same vials containing the same starting material. Following a phase of radioanalysis for complexation of gallium-68 to DOTA-[Thi8, Met(O2)11]SP and assessing the radiolabeling parameters, the vials containing appropriate kit-prototype material were produced in freeze-dried batches. The facile radiolabeling performance was tested and parameters for future human application were calculated to meet the criteria for theranostic loco-regional co-administration of activity doses comprising [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-[Thi8, Met(O2)11]SP mixed with [213Bi]Bi-DOTA-[Thi8, Met(O2)11]SP. [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-[Thi8, Met(O2)11]SP was prepared quantitatively from lyophilized starting material within 25 min providing the required molar activity (18 ± 4 GBq/µmol) and activity concentration (98 ± 24 MBq/mL), radiochemical purity (>95%) and sustained radiolabeling performance (4 months at >95% LE) as well as acceptable product quality (>95% for 120 min). Additionally, vials of the same starting materials were successfully adapted to a labeling strategy available for preparation of [213Bi]Bi-DOTA-[Thi8, Met(O2)11]SP providing sufficient activity for 1-2 human doses. The resultant formulation of [68Ga]Ga-/[213Bi]Bi-DOTA-[Thi8, Met(O2)11]SP activity doses was considered of adequate radiochemical quality for administration. This investigation proposes a simple kit-like formulation of DOTA-[Thi8, Met(O2)11]SP-a first-line investigation into a user friendly, straightforward tracer preparation that would warrant efficient clinical investigations in the future. Quantitative radiolabeling was accomplished for [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-[Thi8, Met(O2)11]SP and [213Bi]Bi-DOTA-[Thi8, Met(O2)11]SP preparations; a key requirement when addressing the specific route of catheter-assisted co-injection directly into the intratumoral cavities.
Collapse
Key Words
- 68Ge/68Ga generator
- DOTA
- DOTA-Substance P
- [213Bi]Bi-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid-[Thi8, Met(O2)11]-Substance-P
- [68Ga]Ga-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid-[Thi8, Met(O2)11]-Substance-P
- gallium-68
- kit preparation
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janine Suthiram
- Radiochemistry, The South African Nuclear Energy Corporation (Necsa), Brits 0240, South Africa; (J.S.); (T.E.); (B.M.-P.)
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa;
| | - Thomas Ebenhan
- Radiochemistry, The South African Nuclear Energy Corporation (Necsa), Brits 0240, South Africa; (J.S.); (T.E.); (B.M.-P.)
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa;
- Nuclear Medicine Research Infrastructure (NuMeRI), Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Biljana Marjanovic-Painter
- Radiochemistry, The South African Nuclear Energy Corporation (Necsa), Brits 0240, South Africa; (J.S.); (T.E.); (B.M.-P.)
| | - Mike M. Sathekge
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa;
- Nuclear Medicine Research Infrastructure (NuMeRI), Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Jan Rijn Zeevaart
- Radiochemistry, The South African Nuclear Energy Corporation (Necsa), Brits 0240, South Africa; (J.S.); (T.E.); (B.M.-P.)
- Nuclear Medicine Research Infrastructure (NuMeRI), Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
- Preclinical Drug Development Platform, Department of Science and Technology, North West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +27-12-305-5786
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lin L, Xiang X, Su S, Liu S, Xiong Y, Ma H, Yuan G, Nie D, Tang G. Biological Evaluation of [ 18F]AlF-NOTA-NSC-GLU as a Positron Emission Tomography Tracer for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Chem 2021; 9:630452. [PMID: 33937189 PMCID: PMC8085524 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.630452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: N-(2-[18F]fluoropropionyl)-L-glutamate ([18F]FPGLU) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) imaging has been performed in our previous studies, but its radiosynthesis method and stability in vivo need to be improved. Hence, we evaluated the synthesis and biological properties of a simple [18F]-labeled glutamate analog, [18F]AlF-1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4,7-triacetic-acid-2-S-(4-isothiocyanatobenzyl)-l-glutamate ([18F]AlF-NOTA-NSC-GLU), for HCC imaging. Procedures: [18F]AlF-NOTA-NSC-GLU was synthesized via a one-step reaction sequence from NOTA-NSC-GLU. In order to investigate the imaging value of [18F]AlF-NOTA-NSC-GLU in HCC, we conducted positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging and competitive binding of [18F]AlF-NOTA-NSC-GLU in human Hep3B tumor-bearing mice. The transport mechanism of [18F]AlF-NOTA-NSC-GLU was determined by competitive inhibition and protein incorporation experiments in vitro. Results: [18F]AlF-NOTA-NSC-GLU was prepared with an overall radiochemical yield of 29.3 ± 5.6% (n = 10) without decay correction within 20 min. In vitro competitive inhibition experiments demonstrated that the Na+-dependent systems XAG-, B0+, ASC, and minor XC- were involved in the uptake of [18F]AlF-NOTA-NSC-GLU, with the Na+-dependent system XAG- possibly playing a more dominant role. Protein incorporation studies of the Hep3B human hepatoma cell line showed almost no protein incorporation. Micro-PET/CT imaging with [18F]AlF-NOTA-NSC-GLU showed good tumor-to-background contrast in Hep3B human hepatoma-bearing mouse models. After [18F]AlF-NOTA-NSC-GLU injection, the tumor-to-liver uptake ratio of [18F]AlF-NOTA-NSC-GLU was 2.06 ± 0.17 at 30 min post-injection. In vivo competitive binding experiments showed that the tumor-to-liver uptake ratio decreased with the addition of inhibitors to block the XAG system. Conclusions: We have successfully synthesized [18F]AlF-NOTA-NSC-GLU as a novel PET tracer with good radiochemical yield and high radiochemical purity. Our findings indicate that [18F]AlF-NOTA-NSC-GLU may be a potential candidate for HCC imaging. Also, a further biological evaluation is underway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liping Lin
- Department of Radiology Intervention and Medical Imaging, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Medical Radiopharmaceuticals Translational Application, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianhong Xiang
- Department of Radiology Intervention and Medical Imaging, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Medical Radiopharmaceuticals Translational Application, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shu Su
- Department of Radiology Intervention and Medical Imaging, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Medical Radiopharmaceuticals Translational Application, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoyu Liu
- Department of Radiology Intervention and Medical Imaging, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Medical Radiopharmaceuticals Translational Application, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Xiong
- Department of Radiology Intervention and Medical Imaging, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Medical Radiopharmaceuticals Translational Application, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Ma
- Department of Radiology Intervention and Medical Imaging, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Medical Radiopharmaceuticals Translational Application, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gongjun Yuan
- Department of Radiology Intervention and Medical Imaging, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Medical Radiopharmaceuticals Translational Application, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dahong Nie
- Department of Radiology Intervention and Medical Imaging, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Medical Radiopharmaceuticals Translational Application, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ganghua Tang
- Department of Radiology Intervention and Medical Imaging, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Medical Radiopharmaceuticals Translational Application, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Nanfang PET Center, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tsopelas C. A study of radiogallium aqueous chemistry: in vitro and in vivo characterisation of (67) Ga-hydrolysed-stannous fluoride particles. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2016; 59:197-204. [PMID: 26991437 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to explore the aqueous chemistry of gallium using (67) Ga-chloride starting material, by radiolabelling hydrolysed(h)-stannous fluoride particles and then characterising the optimal formulation for radiochemical purity (RCP) and radioactive particle size distribution in vitro. The pilot reactions determined stannous fluoride was added to (67) Ga-acetate under nitrogen and then heated at 100 °C for 20 min to achieve ≥95% RCP and (67) Ga-particles were >3 µm in diameter. A high radioactive concentration of (67) Ga-h-SnF2 particles could be prepared similarly in ≥97% RCP with 74% as 3-5 µm and 26% >5 µm in diameter. The latter formulation had larger particles than (99m) Tc-h-SnF2 colloid (96% of 1-3 µm), and it resulted in a rat biodistribution of 41% in the lungs, 41% in the liver plus spleen and 18% in the carcass at 20 min after injection. The carcass activity was attributed to bone marrow and some (67) Ga-transferrin formed in blood. Isolated mixed human leucocytes were radiolabelled with (67) Ga-h-SnF2 particles in 100% efficiency, and the (67) Ga-cells did not release soluble (67) Ga(3+) at room temperature over 3 h. The (67) Ga-h-SnF2 particle formulation could find a use in labelling leucocyte cells for in vivo homing studies when delayed animal imaging is required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chris Tsopelas
- RAH Radiopharmacy, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Nuclear Medicine Department, Adelaide, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Glöggler S, Wagner S, Bouchard LS. Hyperpolarization of amino acid derivatives in water for biological applications. Chem Sci 2015; 6:4261-4266. [PMID: 29218193 PMCID: PMC5707458 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc00503e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We report on the successful synthesis and hyperpolarization of N-unprotected α-amino acid ethyl propionate esters and extensively, on an alanine derivative hyperpolarized by PHIP (4.4 ± 1.0% 13C-polarization), meeting required levels for in vivo detection. Using water as solvent increases biocompatibility and the absence of N-protection is expected to maintain biological activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Glöggler
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California at Los Angeles , Los Angeles , California 90095-1569 , USA .
| | - S Wagner
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute , Cedars Sinai Medical Center , 8700 Beverly Blvd, Davis Building G149E , Los Angeles , California 90048-1804 , USA
| | - L-S Bouchard
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California at Los Angeles , Los Angeles , California 90095-1569 , USA .
- California NanoSystems Institute , 570 Westwood Plaza, Building 114 , Los Angeles , California 90095-1569 , USA
- Department of Bioengineering , University of California at Los Angeles , 420 Westwood Plaza, RM 5121 Engineering V, P.O. Box 951600 , Los Angeles , California 90095-1569 , USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mooney JT, Fredericks DP, Christensen T, Bruun Schiødt C, Hearn MTW. N-terminal processing of affinity-tagged recombinant proteins purified by IMAC procedures. J Mol Recognit 2015; 28:401-12. [PMID: 25727088 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Revised: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The ability of a new class of metal binding tags to facilitate the purification of recombinant proteins, exemplified by the tagged glutathione S-transferase and human growth hormone, from Escherichia coli fermentation broths and lysates has been further investigated. These histidine-containing tags exhibit high affinity for borderline metal ions chelated to the immobilised ligand, 1,4,7-triazacyclononane (tacn). The use of this tag-tacn immobilised metal ion affinity chromatography (IMAC) system engenders high selectivity with regard to host cell protein removal and permits facile tag removal from the E. coli-expressed recombinant protein. In particular, these tags were specifically designed to enable their efficient removal by the dipeptidyl aminopeptidase 1 (DAP-1), thus capturing the advantages of high substrate specificity and rates of cleavage. MALDI-TOF MS analysis of the cleaved products from the DAP-1 digestion of the recombinant N-terminally tagged proteins confirmed the complete removal of the tag within 4-12 h under mild experimental conditions. Overall, this study demonstrates that the use of tags specifically designed to target tacn-based IMAC resins offers a comprehensive and flexible approach for the purification of E. coli-expressed recombinant proteins, where complete removal of the tag is an essential prerequisite for subsequent application of the purified native proteins in studies aimed at delineating the molecular and cellular basis of specific biological processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jane T Mooney
- Centre for Green Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Dale P Fredericks
- Centre for Green Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | | | | | - Milton T W Hearn
- Centre for Green Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Velikyan I. Continued rapid growth in68Ga applications: update 2013 to June 2014. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2015; 58:99-121. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Revised: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Irina Velikyan
- Preclinical PET Platform, Department of Medicinal Chemistry; Uppsala University; SE-75183 Uppsala Sweden
- Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science; Uppsala University; SE-75285 Uppsala Sweden
- PET-Centre, Centre for Medical Imaging; Uppsala University Hospital; SE-75185 Uppsala Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kilian K. 68Ga-DOTA and analogs: Current status and future perspectives. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother 2014; 19:S13-S21. [PMID: 28443194 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpor.2014.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Revised: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The construction of the 68Ge/68Ga generator has increased application of radiopharmaceuticals labeled with this isotope in medicine. 68Ga-PET is widely employed in the management of neuroendocrine tumors but favorable chemistry with tri- and tetraaza-ring molecules has opened wide range of 68Ga application in other fields of PET imaging. This review covers the radiopharmaceuticals labeled with gallium in molecular imaging and shows perspectives on the use of gallium-68 as a substitute for technetium-99, fluorine-18 and carbon-11 in some applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Kilian
- Heavy Ion Laboratory, University of Warsaw, Pasteur 5a, 02093 Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|