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Ahmadi S, Lotfi S, Hamzehali H, Kumar P. A simple and reliable QSPR model for prediction of chromatography retention indices of volatile organic compounds in peppers. RSC Adv 2024; 14:3186-3201. [PMID: 38249679 PMCID: PMC10797599 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra07960k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, various types of pepper are used in food as an additive due to their unique pungency, aroma, taste, and color. This spice is valued for its pungency contributed by the alkaloid piperine and aroma attributed to volatile essential oils. The essential oils are composed of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in different concentrations and ratios. In chromatography, the identification of compounds is done by comparing obtained peaks with a reference standard. However, there are cases where reference standards are either unavailable or the chemical information of VOCs is not documented in reference libraries. To overcome these limitations, theoretical methodologies are applied to estimate the retention indices (RIs) of new VOCs. The aim of the present work is to develop a reliable QSPR model for the RIs of 273 identified VOCs of different types of pepper. Experimental retention indices were measured using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled to quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC × GC/qMS) using a coupled BPX5 and BP20 column system. The inbuilt Monte Carlo algorithm of CORAL software is used to generate QSPR models using the hybrid optimal descriptor extracted from a combination of SMILES and HFG (hydrogen-filled graph). The whole dataset of 273 VOCs is used to make ten splits, each of which is further divided into four sets: active training, passive training, calibration, and validation. The balance of correlation method with four target functions i.e. TF0 (WIIC = WCII = 0), TF1 (WIIC = 0.5 & WCII = 0), TF2 (WIIC = 0 & WCII = 0.3) and TF3 (WIIC = 0.5 & WCII = 0.3) is used. The results of the statistical parameters of each target function are compared with each other. The simultaneous application of the index of ideality of correlation (IIC) and correlation intensity index (CII) improves the predictive potential of the model. The best model is judged on the basis of the numerical value of R2 of the validation set. The statistical result of the best model for the validation set of split 6 computed with TF3 (WIIC = 0.5 & WCII = 0.3) is R2 = 0.9308, CCC = 0.9588, IIC = 0.7704, CII = 0.9549, Q2 = 0.9281 and RMSE = 0.544. The promoters of increase/decrease for RI are also extracted using the best model (split 6). Moreover, the proposed model was used for an external validation set.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahin Ahmadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran
| | - Shahram Lotfi
- Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University (PNU) 19395-4697 Tehran Iran
| | - Hamideh Hamzehali
- Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University East Tehran Branch Tehran Iran
| | - Parvin Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University Kurukshetra Haryana 136119 India
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Ji P, Lin M, Chen M, Kashif MH, Fan Y, Ali T, Dai R, Peng C, Wang Z, Liu Z. Caffeoyl-coenzyme A O-methyltransferase mediates regulation of carbon flux fluctuations during phenylpropenes and lignin biosynthesis in the vegetative organ roots of Asarum sieboldii Miq. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 201:107855. [PMID: 37433236 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Asarum sieboldii Miq. possesses remarkable medicinal value due to its essential oil enriched with phenylpropenes (e.g., methyleugenol and safrole). Although the biosynthesis of phenylpropenes shares a common pathway with lignin, the regulation mechanisms in carbon flux allocation between them are unclear. This study is the first to genetically verify the carbon flux regulation mechanism in A. sieboldii roots. We regulated the expression of Caffeoyl-coenzyme A O-methyltransferase (CCoAOMT), an essential enzyme in the common pathway, to investigate carbon flux allocation in vegetative organs. Here, the lignin and phenylpropene content fluctuation was analyzed by wet chemistry and GC-MS methods. A bona fide CCoAOMT gene from A. sieboldii was firstly cloned and verified. Preliminary heterologous expression validation in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana showed that RNAi-induced CCoAOMT down-regulation significantly decreased lignin content by 24% and increased the S/G ratio by 30%; however, AsCCoAOMT over-expression in A. thaliana resulted in a 40% increase in lignin content and a 20% decrease in the S/G ratio when compared to the wild type. Similar trends were noted in homologous transformation in A. sieboldii, although the variations were not conspicuous. Nevertheless, the transgenic A. sieboldii plants displayed substantial differences in the level of phenylpropene compounds methyleugenol and safrole leading to a 168% increase in the methyleugenol/safrole ratio in the over-expression line and a 73% reduction in RNAi-suppression line. These findings suggest that the biosynthesis of phenylpropene constituents methyleugenol and safrole seems to be prioritized over lignin. Furthermore, this study indicated that suppression of AsCCoAOMT resulted in marked root susceptibility to pathogenic fungal disease, implying a significant additional role of CCoAOMT in protecting plant vegetative parts from diseases. Overall, the present study provides important references and suggests that future research should be aimed at elucidating the detailed mechanisms of the carbon flux allocation between phenylpropenes and lignin biosynthesis, as well as the disease resistance competency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Ji
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Maoyi Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Mengying Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | | | - Yuling Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Tahir Ali
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ruixian Dai
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; School of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Chongsheng Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Zhiqing Wang
- School of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Zhong Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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Nie Y, Pan Y, Jiang Y, Xu D, Yuan R, Zhu Y, Zhang Z. Stability and bioactivity evaluation of black pepper essential oil nanoemulsion. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14730. [PMID: 37025856 PMCID: PMC10070607 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Black pepper essential oil has the same disadvantages as other plant essential oils, such as volatilization, high sensitivity to light and heat and poor water solubility, which leads to great limitations in application. This study improved the stability and antibacterial properties of black pepper essential oil (BPEO) based on a nano-emulsification process. Tween 80 was selected as the emulsifier to prepare the BPEO nanoemulsion. Gas chromatograph - mass spectrometer (GC-MS) was used to analyze the composition of BPEO, of which d-limonene was the main component (37.41%). After emulsification, black pepper nanoemulsion was obtained (droplet size was 11.8 nm). The water solubility and stability of the emulsions at 25 °C were also improved with decreasing particle size. Antimicrobial properties of plant pathogens (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Botryodiplodia theobromae) and foodborne pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli) were evaluated by disk diffusion and other techniques for determining minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC). With 12.5 mg mL-1 MIC and 25 mg mL-1 MBC, BPEO inhibited the growth of two tested plant pathogens and two foodborne pathogens. Essential oils (EO) were encapsulated in a nanoemulsion system to enhance the bacteriostatic effect of essential oils and reduce MIC and MBC concentrations. After emulsification, the biological activity (antimicrobial and antioxidant) of the BPEO nanoemulsion was considerably improved, nano-emulsification had certain significance for the study of EOs.
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Jena S, Ray A, Sahoo A, Das PK, Kamila PK, Kar SK, Nayak S, Panda PC. Anti-proliferative Activity of Piper trioicum Leaf Essential Oil Based on Phytoconstituent Analysis, Molecular Docking and in silico ADMET Approaches. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2023; 26:183-190. [PMID: 34951357 DOI: 10.2174/1386207325666211222113239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The essential oils isolated from several medicinal plants have been reported to possess anticancer activities. Both the essential oil and extracts of many Piper species (Piperaceae) possess potential cytotoxic effects against cancer cell lines and are being used in traditional systems of medicine for the treatment of cancer. There is a need to evaluate and validate the anticancer properties of essential oils extracted from other wild species of Piper. OBJECTIVE The current research was undertaken to determine the chemical composition and investigate the anti-proliferative activity of wild-growing Piper trioicum leaf essential oil. The selected five major constituents were subjected to molecular docking to identify possible modes of binding against serine/threonine-protein kinase (MST3) protein. METHODS The essential oil of leaf of P. trioicum was extracted by hydrodistillation method, and its chemical composition was evaluated by GC-FID and GC-MS. The anti-proliferative activity of the essential oil was evaluated by the MTT assay against normal (3T3-L1) and various cancer (HCT 116, HT-29, PC-3 and HepG2) cell lines. Molecular docking analysis was performed using the AutoDock 4.2 software. The pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of the major constituents were determined using absorption, distribution, metabolization, excretion and toxicity (ADMET) analysis. RESULTS The GC-MS analysis revealed the identification of 45 constituents with δ-cadinene (19.57%), germacrene-D (8.54%), β-caryophyllene (6.84%), 1-epi-cubenol (4.83%) and α-pinene (4.52%) being predominant constituents in the leaf essential oil of P. trioicum. The highest cytotoxicity of essential oil was observed against HT-29 cells (IC50 value of 33.14 μg/ml). 1-epi-cubenol and δ-cadinene exhibited low binding energy values of -6.25 and -5.92 kcal/mol, respectively. For prediction of in silico pharmacokinetic and drug-like properties of the major compounds, the ADMET prediction tool was used, the results of which were observed to be within the ideal range. CONCLUSION The present findings demonstrate that P. trioicum essential oil possesses significant anti-proliferative activity and could be effective against cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudipta Jena
- Centre for Biotechnology, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Kalinga Nagar, Ghatikia, Bhubaneswar 751 003, Odisha, India
| | - Asit Ray
- Centre for Biotechnology, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Kalinga Nagar, Ghatikia, Bhubaneswar 751 003, Odisha, India
| | - Ambika Sahoo
- Centre for Biotechnology, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Kalinga Nagar, Ghatikia, Bhubaneswar 751 003, Odisha, India
| | - Prabhat Kumar Das
- Taxonomy and Conservation Division, Regional Plant Resource Centre, Nayapalli, Bhubaneswar 751 015, Odisha, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar Kamila
- Centre for Biotechnology, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Kalinga Nagar, Ghatikia, Bhubaneswar 751 003, Odisha, India
| | - Subrat Kumar Kar
- Department of Microbiology, IMS & SUM Hospital, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Kalinga Nagar, Ghatikia, Bhubaneswar 751 003, Odisha, India
| | - Sanghamitra Nayak
- Centre for Biotechnology, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Kalinga Nagar, Ghatikia, Bhubaneswar 751 003, Odisha, India
| | - Pratap Chandra Panda
- Centre for Biotechnology, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Kalinga Nagar, Ghatikia, Bhubaneswar 751 003, Odisha, India
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Essential Oil of the Plants Growing in the Brazilian Amazon: Chemical Composition, Antioxidants, and Biological Applications. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27144373. [PMID: 35889245 PMCID: PMC9318482 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Essential oils are biosynthesized in the secondary metabolism of plants, and in their chemical composition, they can be identified different classes of compounds with potential antioxidant and biological applications. Over the years in the Amazon, several species of aromatic plants were discovered and used in traditional medicine. The literature has shown that essential oils extracted from amazon species have several biological activities, such as antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, cytotoxic, and antiprotozoal activities. These activities are related to the diversified chemical composition found in essential oils that, by synergism, favors its pharmacological action. In light of this vital importance, this study aimed at performing a review of the literature with particular emphasis on the chemical composition and biological activities in studies conducted with species collected in the Amazon, taking into consideration in particular the last 10 years of collection and research.
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Plant-Derived Protectants in Combating Soil-Borne Fungal Infections in Tomato and Chilli. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8020213. [PMID: 35205967 PMCID: PMC8878687 DOI: 10.3390/jof8020213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal infections transmitted through the soil continue to pose a threat to a variety of horticultural and agricultural products, including tomato and chilli. The indiscriminate use of synthetic pesticides has resulted in a slew of unintended consequences for the surrounding ecosystem. To achieve sustainable productivity, experts have turned their attention to natural alternatives. Due to their biodegradability, varied mode of action, and minimal toxicity to non-target organisms, plant-derived protectants (PDPs) are being hailed as a superior replacement for plant pesticides. This review outlines PDPs’ critical functions (including formulations) in regulating soil-borne fungal diseases, keeping tomato and chilli pathogens in the spotlight. An in-depth examination of the impact of PDPs on pathogen activity will be a priority. Additionally, this review emphasises the advantages of the in silico approach over conventional approaches for screening plants’ secondary metabolites with target-specific fungicidal activity. Despite the recent advances in our understanding of the fungicidal capabilities of various PDPs, it is taking much longer for that information to be applied to commercially available pesticides. The restrictions to solving this issue can be lifted by breakthroughs in formulation technology, governmental support, and a willingness to pursue green alternatives among farmers and industries.
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In vitro and in silico evaluation of antifungal activity of cassia (Cinnamomum cassia) and holy basil (Ocimum tenuiflorum) essential oils for the control of anthracnose and crown-rot postharvest diseases of banana fruits. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-020-01434-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Barata LM, Andrade EH, Ramos AR, de Lemos OF, Setzer WN, Byler KG, Maia JGS, da Silva JKR. Secondary Metabolic Profile as a Tool for Distinction and Characterization of Cultivars of Black Pepper ( Piper nigrum L.) Cultivated in Pará State, Brazil. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020890. [PMID: 33477389 PMCID: PMC7830865 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the chemical compositions of the leaves and fruits of eight black pepper cultivars cultivated in Pará State (Amazon, Brazil). Hydrodistillation and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry were employed to extract and analyze the volatile compounds, respectively. Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons were predominant (58.5-90.9%) in the cultivars "Cingapura", "Equador", "Guajarina", "Iaçará", and "Kottanadan", and "Bragantina", "Clonada", and "Uthirankota" displayed oxygenated sesquiterpenoids (50.6-75.0%). The multivariate statistical analysis applied using volatile composition grouped the samples into four groups: γ-Elemene, curzerene, and δ-elemene ("Equador"/"Guajarina", I); δ-elemene ("Iaçará"/"Kottanadan"/"Cingapura", II); elemol ("Clonada"/"Uthirankota", III) and α-muurolol, bicyclogermacrene, and cubebol ("Bragantina", IV). The major compounds in all fruit samples were monoterpene hydrocarbons such as α-pinene, β-pinene, and limonene. Among the cultivar leaves, phenolics content (44.75-140.53 mg GAE·g-1 FW), the enzymatic activity of phenylalanine-ammonia lyase (20.19-57.22 µU·mL-1), and carotenoids (0.21-2.31 µg·mL-1) displayed significant variations. Due to black pepper's susceptibility to Fusarium infection, a molecular docking analysis was carried out on Fusarium protein targets using each cultivar's volatile components. F. oxysporum endoglucanase was identified as the preferential protein target of the compounds. These results can be used to identify chemical markers related to the susceptibility degree of black pepper cultivars to plant diseases prevalent in Pará State.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luccas M. Barata
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA 66075-110, Brazil;
| | - Eloísa H. Andrade
- Coordenação de Botânica, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Belém, PA 66077-830, Brazil;
| | - Alessandra R. Ramos
- Instituto de Estudos em Saúde e Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Sul e Sudeste do Pará, Marabá, PA 68507-590, Brazil;
| | - Oriel F. de Lemos
- Centro de Pesquisa Agroflorestal da Amazônia Oriental, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA), Belém, PA 66095-100, Brazil;
| | - William N. Setzer
- Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 100, Lehi, UT 84043, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA
- Correspondence: (W.N.S.); (J.K.R.d.S.); Tel.: +1-256-824-6519 (W.N.S.); +55-91-3201-7297 (J.K.R.d.S.)
| | - Kendall G. Byler
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA;
| | - José Guilherme S. Maia
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, MA 65080-805, Brazil;
| | - Joyce Kelly R. da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA 66075-110, Brazil;
- Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 100, Lehi, UT 84043, USA
- Correspondence: (W.N.S.); (J.K.R.d.S.); Tel.: +1-256-824-6519 (W.N.S.); +55-91-3201-7297 (J.K.R.d.S.)
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Zambrano-Huerta A, Bautista-Renedo JM, Reyes H, Martínez-Otero D, García-Orozco I, Melgar-Fernández RC, Ramírez-Palma MT, González-Rivas N, Cuevas-Yañez E. Structural and theoretical studies of 1,3-Bis-(1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)-propan-2-ol derivatives. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Maximino SC, Dutra JAP, Rodrigues RP, Gonçalves RCR, Morais PAB, Ventura JA, Schuenck RP, Júnior VL, Kitagawa RR, S Borges W. Synthesis of Eugenol Derivatives and Evaluation of their Antifungal Activity Against Fusarium solani f. sp. piperis. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:1532-1542. [PMID: 32242782 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200403120448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fusarium solani f. sp. piperis is a phytopathogen that causes one of the most destructive diseases in black pepper crops, resulting in significant economic and crop production losses. Consequently, the control of this fungal disease is a matter of current and relevant interest in agriculture. OBJECTIVE The objective was to synthesize eugenol derivatives with antifungal activity. METHODS In this study, using bimolecular nucleophilic substitution and click chemistry approaches, four new and three known eugenol derivatives were obtained. The eugenol derivatives were characterized and their antifungal and cytotoxic effects were evaluated. RESULTS Eugenol derivative 4 (2-(4-allyl-2-methoxyphenoxy)-3-chloronaphthalene-1,4-dione) was the most active against F. solani f. sp. piperis and showed acceptable cytotoxicity. Compound 4 was two-fold more effective than tebuconazole in an antifungal assay and presented similar cytotoxicity in macrophages. The in silico study of β-glucosidase suggests a potential interaction of 4 with amino acid residues by a cation-π interaction with residue Arg177 followed by a hydrogen bond with Glu596, indicating an important role in the interactions with 4, justifying the antifungal action of this compound. In addition, the cytotoxicity after metabolism was evaluated as a mimic assay with the S9 fraction in HepG2 cells. Compound 4 demonstrated maintenance of cytotoxicity, showing IC50 values of 11.18 ± 0.5 and 9.04 ± 0.2 μg mL-1 without and with the S9 fraction, respectively. In contrast, eugenol (257.9 ± 0.4 and 133.5 ± 0.8 μg mL-1), tebuconazole (34.94 ± 0.2 and 26.76 ± 0.17 μg mL-1) and especially carbendazim (251.0 ± 0.30 and 34.7 ± 0.10 μg mL-1) showed greater cytotoxicity after hepatic biotransformation. CONCLUSION The results suggest that 4 is a potential candidate for use in the design of new and effective compounds that could control this pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah C Maximino
- Graduate Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Avenida Marechal Campos 1468, Maruípe, 29047-105,Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Jessyca A P Dutra
- Graduate Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Avenida Marechal Campos 1468, Maruípe, 29047-105,Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Ricardo P Rodrigues
- Graduate Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Avenida Marechal Campos 1468, Maruípe, 29047-105,Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Rita C R Gonçalves
- Graduate Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Avenida Marechal Campos 1468, Maruípe, 29047-105,Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Pedro A B Morais
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Exact, Natural and Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Alto Universitário, s/n, Guararema, Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - José A Ventura
- Capixaba Institute for Research, Technical Assistance and Rural Extension, Rua Afonso Sarlo 160, Bento Ferreira, 29052-010, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Ricardo P Schuenck
- Graduate Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Avenida Marechal Campos 1468, Maruípe, 29047-105,Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Valdemar Lacerda Júnior
- Department of Chemistry, Exact Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Avenida Fernando Ferrari 514, Goiabeiras, 29075-910, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo R Kitagawa
- Graduate Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Avenida Marechal Campos 1468, Maruípe, 29047-105,Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Warley S Borges
- Graduate Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Avenida Marechal Campos 1468, Maruípe, 29047-105,Vitória, ES, Brazil.,Department of Chemistry, Exact Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Avenida Fernando Ferrari 514, Goiabeiras, 29075-910, Vitória, ES, Brazil
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Ahmad MN, Karim NU, Normaya E, Mat Piah B, Iqbal A, Ku Bulat KH. Artocarpus altilis extracts as a food-borne pathogen and oxidation inhibitors: RSM, COSMO RS, and molecular docking approaches. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9566. [PMID: 32533034 PMCID: PMC7293230 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66488-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid oxidation and microbial contamination are the major factors contributing to food deterioration. Food additives like antioxidants and antibacterials can prevent food spoilage by delaying oxidation and preventing the growth of bacteria. Artocarpus altilis leaves exhibited biological properties that suggested its use as a new source of natural antioxidant and antimicrobial. Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) was used to optimize the extraction of bioactive compounds from the leaves using response surface methodology (yield and antioxidant activity). The optimum SFE conditions were 50.5 °C temperature, 3784 psi pressure and 52 min extraction time. Verification test results (Tukey’s test) showed that no significant difference between the expected and experimental DPPH activity and yield value (99%) were found. Gas-chromatography –mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis revealed three major bioactive compounds existed in A. altilis extract. The extract demonstrated antioxidant and antibacterial properties with 2,3-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity, ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, tyrosinase mushrrom inhibition of 41.5%, 8.15 ± 1.31 (µg of ascorbic acid equivalents), 32%, 37% and inhibition zone diameter of 0.766 ± 0.06 cm (B. cereus) and 1.27 ± 0.12 cm (E. coli). Conductor like screening model for real solvents (COSMO RS) was performed to explain the extraction mechanism of the major bioactive compounds during SFE. Molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) shows the probability site of nucleophilic and electrophilic attack during bacterial inhibition. Based on molecular docking study, non-covalent interactions are the main interaction occurring between the major bioactive compounds and bacteria (antibacterial inhibition).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Norazmi Ahmad
- Experimental and Theoretical Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia. .,IIUM Poisons Centre, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia.
| | - Nazatul Umira Karim
- Experimental and Theoretical Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Erna Normaya
- Experimental and Theoretical Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia.,Research Unit, IIUM Recreational Park Kuantan Campus, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Bijarimi Mat Piah
- Faculty of Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, 23600 Gambang Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Anwar Iqbal
- School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Ku Halim Ku Bulat
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University Malaysia Terengganu, Mengabang Telipot, 21030, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu Darul Iman, Malaysia
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12
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Natu KN, Tatke PA. Essential oils – prospective candidates for antifungal treatment? JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2019.1604437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kalyani N. Natu
- C. U. Shah College of Pharmacy, S.N.D.T. Women’s University, Mumbai, India
| | - Pratima A. Tatke
- C. U. Shah College of Pharmacy, S.N.D.T. Women’s University, Mumbai, India
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13
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Antimicrobial, Cytotoxic, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Pimenta dioica and Rosmarinus officinalis Essential Oils. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:1639726. [PMID: 31205934 PMCID: PMC6530202 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1639726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Essential oils (EOs) are natural products composed of a mixture of volatile and aromatic compounds extracted from different parts of plants that have shown antimicrobial activities against pathogens. In this study, EOs extracted from Pimenta dioica (Myrtaceae) and Rosmarinus officinalis (Lamiaceae) were assessed for their antimicrobial activities using a panel of pathogenic Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and fungal strains. The antimicrobial activity was measured by the minimal inhibitory concentration required for the growth inhibition of the microorganisms. The cytotoxicity of the EOs was tested ex vivo using the model of human-derived macrophage THP-1 cells. In addition, an inflammatory response was evaluated using the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and the proinflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α. Results showed that both EOs had antimicrobial activity and different pathogens were exposed to concentrations ranging between 600 and 2000 μg/mL. In addition, the EOs showed no inflammatory activity when exposed to human macrophages, but a potent anti-inflammatory activity was measured when the oil from Rosmarinus officinalis was exposed to macrophages. This study demonstrates that the use of EOs is an effective alternative for pathogenic bacterial and fungal control, alone or in combination with antibiotic therapy. Moreover, the oil extracted from Rosmarinus officinalis could be used as potent anti-inflammatory agent.
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de Oliveira MS, da Cruz JN, Gomes Silva S, da Costa WA, de Sousa SHB, Bezerra FWF, Teixeira E, da Silva NJN, de Aguiar Andrade EH, de Jesus Chaves Neto AM, de Carvalho RN. Phytochemical profile, antioxidant activity, inhibition of acetylcholinesterase and interaction mechanism of the major components of the Piper divaricatum essential oil obtained by supercritical CO2. J Supercrit Fluids 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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15
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Rojas C, Duchowicz PR, Castro EA. Foodinformatics: Quantitative Structure-Property Relationship Modeling of Volatile Organic Compounds in Peppers. J Food Sci 2019; 84:770-781. [PMID: 30810240 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was the foodinformatic (chemoinformatic) modeling of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of different samples of peppers based on a quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) for the retention indices of 273 identified compounds. The experimental retention indices were measured by means of comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography combined with quadrupole-mass spectrometry (GC × GC/qMS) using the BPX5 and BP20 column coupled system. All the VOCs were represented by means of both conformation-independent molecular descriptors and molecular fingerprints calculated in the Dragon and PaDEL-Descriptor software. The dataset was divided into training, validation and test sets of molecules according to the Balanced Subsets Method (BSM). Subsequently, the V-WSP unsupervised variable reduction method was used to reduce the presence of multicollinearity, redundancy, and noise in the initial pool of 4,336 molecular descriptors and fingerprints. Using this method, a reduced pool of 1,664 was submitted to the supervised selection by means of the replacement method (RM) variable subset selection in order to define a four-descriptor model. The quality of the model was measured by means of the coefficient of determination and the root-mean-square deviation in fitting ( R train 2 = 0 . 879 and RMSD train = 72.1 ), validation ( R val 2 = 0 . 832 and RMSD val = 91.7 ), and prediction ( R test 2 = 0 . 915 and RMSD test = 55.4 ). The negligible differences among the parameters in the three sets indicate a stable and predictive QSPR model. This quantitative structure-activity relationship was developed keeping in mind the five principles defined by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) to make it applicable. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: This predictive mathematical model developed from the retention indices of 273 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) detected in pepper samples could be useful for chromatographers working on the identification of other common VOCs in peppers or other foods by means of comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography combined with quadrupole-mass spectrometry (GC × GC/qMS) using a bi-dimensional stationary phase coupled system (BPX5 and BP20).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Rojas
- Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Univ. del Azuay, Av. 24 de Mayo 7-77 y Hernán Malo, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Pablo R Duchowicz
- Inst. de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), CONICET, UNLP, Diag. 113 y 64, s/n, 1900, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Eduardo A Castro
- Inst. de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), CONICET, UNLP, Diag. 113 y 64, s/n, 1900, La Plata, Argentina
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16
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Korsch M, Marten SM, Walther W, Vital M, Pieper DH, Dötsch A. Impact of dental cement on the peri-implant biofilm-microbial comparison of two different cements in an in vivo observational study. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2018; 20:806-813. [PMID: 30126038 DOI: 10.1111/cid.12650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The type of cement used in cemented fixed implant-supported restorations influences formation of undetected excess cement and composition of the peri-implant biofilm. Excess cement and dysbiosis of the biofilm involve the risk of peri-implant inflammation. PURPOSE The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of two different cements on the peri-implant biofilm and inflammation. MATERIALS AND METHODS In an observational study, the suprastructures of 34 patients with cemented fixed implant-supported restorations were revised. In 20 patients, a methacrylate cement (Premier Implant cement [PIC]) and in 14 patients, a zinc oxide eugenol cement (Temp Bond [TB]) were used. After revision, TB was used for recementation. During revision and follow-up after 1 year, microbial samples were obtained. RESULTS Excess cement was found in 12 (60%) of the 20 patients with PIC. Suppuration was observed in two (25%) implants with PIC without excess cement (PIC-) and in all 12 (100%) implants with PIC and excess cement (PIC+). Implants cemented with TB had neither excess cement nor suppuration. The taxonomic analysis of the microbial samples revealed an accumulation of periodontal pathogens in the PIC patients independent of the presence of excess cement. Significantly, fewer oral pathogens occurred in patients with TB compared to patients with PIC. TB was used in all cases (PIC and TB) for recementation. In the follow-up check, suppuration was not found around any of the implants with PIC-, only around one implant with PIC+ and around one implant with TB. Bacterial species associated with severe periodontal infections that were abundant in PIC- and PIC+ samples before the revision were reduced after 1 year to levels found in the TB samples. CONCLUSIONS The revision and recementation with TB had a positive effect on the peri-implant biofilm in cases with PIC. The cementation of suprastructures on implants with TB is an alternative method to be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Korsch
- Dental Academy for Continuing Professional Development, Karlsruhe, Germany.,Center for Implantology and Oral Surgery, Heidelberg, Germany.,Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Silke-Mareike Marten
- Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Winfried Walther
- Dental Academy for Continuing Professional Development, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Marius Vital
- Microbial Interactions and Processes Research Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Dietmar H Pieper
- Microbial Interactions and Processes Research Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Andreas Dötsch
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Max Rubner-Institute, Karlsruhe, Germany.,Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
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Figueiredo PLB, Silva SG, Nascimento LD, Ramos AR, Setzer WN, da Silva JKR, Andrade EHA. Seasonal Study of Methyleugenol Chemotype of Ocimum campechianum Essential Oil and Its Fungicidal and Antioxidant Activities. Nat Prod Commun 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1801300833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Ocimum species (Lamiaceae) have aroused great interest to the scientific community with respect to different biological properties attributed to their essential oils. The seasonal variation and antioxidant and fungical activities were carried out for the essential oil of Ocimum campechianum. Its essential oil showed an excellent yield (0.5–5.3%) throughout the season. The essential oils of leaves/stems and inflorescences were analyzed by GC and GC-MS to identify their volatile constituents and associate them with the antioxidant and antifungal activities. Methyleugenol was the main component in the leaves/stems (80.0-87.0%) and inflorescences (75.3–83.5%). The essential oil and the methyleugenol standard showed low antioxidant activity (<40%) against DPPH radical, but high antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum and Colletotrichum gossypii phytopatogens as well as the mycelial growth and spore germination of the fungi. The high levels of methyleugenol coupled with good fungicidal activity give great agroindustrial potential to this Ocimum species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sebastião G. Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA 66075-110, Brazil
| | | | - Alessandra R. Ramos
- Instituto de Estudos em Saúde e Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Sul e Sudeste do Pará, Marabá, PA 68501-970, Brazil
| | - William N. Setzer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA
- Aromatic Plant Research Center, 615 St. George Square Court, Suite 300, Winston-Salem, NC 27103, USA
| | - Joyce Kelly R. da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA 66075-110, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Eloisa Helena A. Andrade
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA 66075-110, Brazil
- Coordenação de Botânica, Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, Belém, PA 66077-830, Brazil
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Essential Oils from Neotropical Piper Species and Their Biological Activities. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18122571. [PMID: 29240662 PMCID: PMC5751174 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18122571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The Piper genus is the most representative of the Piperaceae reaching around 2000 species distributed in the pantropical region. In the Neotropics, its species are represented by herbs, shrubs, and lianas, which are used in traditional medicine to prepare teas and infusions. Its essential oils (EOs) present high yield and are chemically constituted by complex mixtures or the predominance of main volatile constituents. The chemical composition of Piper EOs displays interspecific or intraspecific variations, according to the site of collection or seasonality. The main volatile compounds identified in Piper EOs are monoterpenes hydrocarbons, oxygenated monoterpenoids, sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, oxygenated sesquiterpenoids and large amounts of phenylpropanoids. In this review, we are reporting the biological potential of Piper EOs from the Neotropical region. There are many reports of Piper EOs as antimicrobial agents (fungi and bacteria), antiprotozoal (Leishmania spp., Plasmodium spp., and Trypanosoma spp.), acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activity against different tumor cells lines (breast, leukemia, melanoma, gastric, among others). These studies can contribute to the rational and economic exploration of Piper species, once they have been identified as potent natural and alternative sources to treat human diseases.
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Antifungal Activity of Thapsia villosa Essential Oil against Candida, Cryptococcus, Malassezia, Aspergillus and Dermatophyte Species. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22101595. [PMID: 28937623 PMCID: PMC6151651 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22101595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The composition of the essential oil (EO) of Thapsia villosa (Apiaceae), isolated by hydrodistillation from the plant’s aerial parts, was analysed by GC and GC-MS. Antifungal activity of the EO and its main components, limonene (57.5%) and methyleugenol (35.9%), were evaluated against clinically relevant yeasts (Candida spp., Cryptococcus neoformans and Malassezia furfur) and moulds (Aspergillus spp. and dermatophytes). Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were measured according to the broth macrodilution protocols by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). The EO, limonene and methyleugenol displayed low MIC and MFC (minimum fungicidal concentration) values against Candida spp., Cryptococcus neoformans, dermatophytes, and Aspergillus spp. Regarding Candida species, an inhibition of yeast–mycelium transition was demonstrated at sub-inhibitory concentrations of the EO (MIC/128; 0.01 μL/mL) and their major compounds in Candida albicans. Fluconazole does not show this activity, and the combination with low concentrations of EO could associate a supplementary target for the antifungal activity. The association of fluconazole with T. villosa oil does not show antagonism, but the combination limonene/fluconazole displays synergism. The fungistatic and fungicidal activities revealed by T. villosa EO and its main compounds, associated with their low haemolytic activity, confirm their potential antimicrobial interest against fungal species often associated with human mycoses.
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20
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Characterization of Anemopsis californica essential oil–β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex as antioxidant prolonged-release system. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-016-0125-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Haque AT, Moon JN, Saravana P, Tilahun A, Chun BS. Composition of Asarum heterotropoides var. mandshuricum radix oil from different extraction methods and activities against human body odor-producing bacteria. J Food Drug Anal 2016; 24:813-821. [PMID: 28911620 PMCID: PMC9337282 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2016.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, oils from Asarum heterotropoides were extracted by traditional solvent extraction and supercritical CO2 (SC-CO2) extraction methods and their antioxidant activities along with antimicrobial and inhibitory activities against five human body odor-producing bacteria (Staphylococcus epidermidis, Propionibacterium freudenreichii, Micrococcus luteus, Corynebacterium jeikeium, and Corynebacterium xerosis) were evaluated. The oil was found to contain 15 components, among which the most abundant component was methyl eugenol (37.6%), which was identified at every condition studied in different extraction methods. The oil extracted with n-hexane and ethanol mixture exhibited a strong antioxidant activity (92% ± 2%) and the highest ABTS and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl scavenging activities (89% ± 0.2%). The highest amounts of total phenolic content and total flavonoid content were 23.1 ± 0.4 mg/g and 4.9 ± 0.1 mg/g, respectively, in the traditional method. In the SC-CO2 method performed at 200 bar/50°C using ethanol as an entrainer, the highest inhibition zone was recorded against all the aforementioned bacteria. In particular, strong antibacterial activity (38 ± 2 mm) was found against M. luteus. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for the oil against bacteria ranged from 10.1 ± 0.1 μg/mL to 46 ± 2 μg/mL. The lowest MIC was found against M. luteus. Methyl eugenol was found to be one of the major compounds working against human body odor-producing bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Byung-Soo Chun
- Corresponding author. Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-ro, Nam-gu, Busan 608-737, Republic of Korea. E-mail address: (B.-S. Chun)
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22
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Pani G, Dessì A, Dallocchio R, Scherm B, Azara E, Delogu G, Migheli Q. Natural Phenolic Inhibitors of Trichothecene Biosynthesis by the Wheat Fungal Pathogen Fusarium culmorum: A Computational Insight into the Structure-Activity Relationship. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157316. [PMID: 27294666 PMCID: PMC4905666 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A model of the trichodiene synthase (TRI5) of the wheat fungal pathogen and type-B trichothecene producer Fusarium culmorum was developed based on homology modelling with the crystallized protein of F. sporotrichioides. Eight phenolic molecules, namely ferulic acid 1, apocynin 2, propyl gallate 3, eugenol 4, Me-dehydrozingerone 5, eugenol dimer 6, magnolol 7, and ellagic acid 8, were selected for their ability to inhibit trichothecene production and/or fungal vegetative growth in F. culmorum. The chemical structures of phenols were constructed and partially optimised based on Molecular Mechanics (MM) studies and energy minimisation by Density Functional Theory (DFT). Docking analysis of the phenolic molecules was run on the 3D model of F. culmorum TRI5. Experimental biological activity, molecular descriptors and interacting-structures obtained from computational analysis were compared. Besides the catalytic domain, three privileged sites in the interaction with the inhibitory molecules were identified on the protein surface. The TRI5-ligand interactions highlighted in this study represent a powerful tool to the identification of new Fusarium-targeted molecules with potential as trichothecene inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Pani
- Dipartimento di Agraria and Unità di Ricerca Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Viale Italia 39, I-07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Alessandro Dessì
- Istituto CNR di Chimica Biomolecolare, Traversa La Crucca 3, I-07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Roberto Dallocchio
- Istituto CNR di Chimica Biomolecolare, Traversa La Crucca 3, I-07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Barbara Scherm
- Dipartimento di Agraria and Unità di Ricerca Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Viale Italia 39, I-07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Emanuela Azara
- Istituto CNR di Chimica Biomolecolare, Traversa La Crucca 3, I-07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Giovanna Delogu
- Istituto CNR di Chimica Biomolecolare, Traversa La Crucca 3, I-07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Quirico Migheli
- Dipartimento di Agraria and Unità di Ricerca Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Viale Italia 39, I-07100, Sassari, Italy
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