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Chen CT, Lai ZL. Aluminium complexes containing indolyl-phenolate ligands as catalysts for ring-opening polymerization of cyclic esters. RSC Adv 2022; 12:28052-28058. [PMID: 36320241 PMCID: PMC9527570 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra05112e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A family of aluminium complexes supported by mono-anionic indolyl-phenolate ligands are described. Reactions of indolyl-phenolate based ligand precursors, IndHPhROH, with 1.0 or 0.5 equivalents of AlMe2Cl in toluene afforded aluminium indolyl-phenolate complexes 1-4 and aluminium bis-indolyl-phenolate complexes 5-8 respectively. The molecular structure is reported for 5. Based on the NMR spectroscopic and X-ray crystallographic studies, a 1,3-hydrogen shift could happen from nitrogen to carbon on the five-membered ring of the indolyl group upon reacting with aluminium reagents. These novel aluminium complexes demonstrate catalytic activities toward the ring-opening polymerization of cyclic esters in the presence of alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Tien Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University Taichung 402 Taiwan
| | - Zi-Ling Lai
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University Taichung 402 Taiwan
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A Comprehensive Investigation of the Structural, Thermal, and Biological Properties of Fully Randomized Biomedical Polyesters Synthesized with a Nontoxic Bismuth(III) Catalyst. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27031139. [PMID: 35164403 PMCID: PMC8840241 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27031139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aliphatic polyesters are the most common type of biodegradable synthetic polymer used in many pharmaceutical applications nowadays. This report describes the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of l-lactide (L-LA), ε-caprolactone (CL) and glycolide (Gly) in the presence of a simple, inexpensive and convenient PEG200-BiOct3 catalytic system. The chemical structures of the obtained copolymers were characterized by 1H- or 13C-NMR. GPC was used to estimate the average molecular weight of the resulting polyesters, whereas TGA and DSC were employed to determine the thermal properties of polymeric products. The effects of temperature, reaction time, and catalyst content on the polymerization process were investigated. Importantly, the obtained polyesters were not cyto- or genotoxic, which is significant in terms of the potential for medical applications (e.g., for drug delivery systems). As a result of transesterification, the copolymers obtained had a random distribution of comonomer units along the polymer chain. The thermal analysis indicated an amorphous nature of poly(l-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLACL) and a low degree of crystallinity of poly(ε-caprolactone-co-glycolide) (PCLGA, Xc = 15.1%), in accordance with the microstructures with random distributions and short sequences of comonomer units (l = 1.02-2.82). Significant differences in reactivity were observed among comonomers, confirming preferential ring opening of L-LA during the copolymerization process.
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Wyrębiak R, Oledzka E, Figat R, Sobczak M. Application of Diethylzinc/propyl Gallate Catalytic System for Ring-Opening Copolymerization of rac-Lactide and ε-Caprolactone. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24224168. [PMID: 31744244 PMCID: PMC6891526 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24224168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Biodegradable polyesters gain significant attention because of their wide potential biomedical applications. The ring-opening polymerization method is widely used to obtain such polymers, due to high yields and advantageous properties of the obtained material. The preparation of new, effective, and bio-safe catalytic systems for the synthesis of biomedical polymers is one of the main directions of the research in modern medical chemistry. The new diethylzinc/propyl gallate catalytic system was first used in the copolymerization of ε-caprolactone and rac-lactide. In this paper, the activity of the new zinc-based catalytic system in the copolymerization of cyclic esters depending on the reaction conditions was described. The microstructure analysis of the obtained copolyesters and their toxicity studies were performed. Resulted copolyesters were characterized by low toxicity, moderate dispersity (1.19–1.71), varying randomness degree (0.18–0.83), and average molar mass (5300–9800 Da).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafał Wyrębiak
- Department of Biomaterials Chemistry, Chair of Analytical Chemistry and Biomaterials, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha St., Warsaw 02-097, Poland; (R.W.); (E.O.)
| | - Ewa Oledzka
- Department of Biomaterials Chemistry, Chair of Analytical Chemistry and Biomaterials, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha St., Warsaw 02-097, Poland; (R.W.); (E.O.)
| | - Ramona Figat
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha St., Warsaw 02-097, Poland;
| | - Marcin Sobczak
- Department of Biomaterials Chemistry, Chair of Analytical Chemistry and Biomaterials, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha St., Warsaw 02-097, Poland; (R.W.); (E.O.)
- Correspondence: or
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Suganuma K, Asakura T, Oshimura M, Hirano T, Ute K, Cheng HN. NMR Analysis of Poly(Lactic Acid) via Statistical Models. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11040725. [PMID: 31010265 PMCID: PMC6523427 DOI: 10.3390/polym11040725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The physical properties of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) are influenced by its stereoregularity and stereosequence distribution, and its polymer stereochemistry can be effectively studied by NMR spectroscopy. In previously published NMR studies of PLA tacticity, the NMR data were fitted to pair-addition Bernoullian models. In this work, we prepared several PLA samples with a tin catalyst at different L,L-lactide and D,D-lactide ratios. Upon analysis of the tetrad intensities with the pair-addition Bernoullian model, we found substantial deviations between observed and calculated intensities due to the presence of transesterification and racemization during the polymerization processes. We formulated a two-state (pair-addition Bernoullian and single-addition Bernoullian) model, and it gave a better fit to the observed data. The use of the two-state model provides a quantitative measure of the extent of transesterification and racemization, and potentially yields useful information on the polymerization mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koto Suganuma
- Material Analysis Research Center, Teijin Ltd, Hino, Tokyo 191-8512, Japan.
| | - Tetsuo Asakura
- Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan.
| | - Miyuki Oshimura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokushima University, 2-1 Minamijosanjima, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan.
| | - Tomohiro Hirano
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokushima University, 2-1 Minamijosanjima, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan.
| | - Koichi Ute
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokushima University, 2-1 Minamijosanjima, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan.
| | - H N Cheng
- Southern Regional Research Center, USDA Agricultural Research Service, 1100 Robert E. Lee Blvd., New Orleans, LA 70124, USA.
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Sobczak M, Luchowska U, Piotrowska U, Oledzka E, Tyka Z, Kolmas J, Zgadzaj A, Nałęcz-Jawecki G. Polymeric bisphosphonate derivative of ciprofloxacin – synthesis, structural analysis and antibacterial activity of the prospective conjugate. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2019.1600517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Sobczak
- Department of Biomaterials Chemistry, Chair of Analytical Chemistry and Biomaterials, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- Chair of Chemistry, Department of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Materials Science and Design, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, Radom, Poland
| | - Urszula Luchowska
- Department of Biomaterials Chemistry, Chair of Analytical Chemistry and Biomaterials, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Urszula Piotrowska
- Department of Biomaterials Chemistry, Chair of Analytical Chemistry and Biomaterials, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- Chair of Chemistry, Department of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Materials Science and Design, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, Radom, Poland
| | - Ewa Oledzka
- Department of Biomaterials Chemistry, Chair of Analytical Chemistry and Biomaterials, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zofia Tyka
- Department of Biomaterials Chemistry, Chair of Analytical Chemistry and Biomaterials, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Kolmas
- Chair of Analytical Chemistry and Biomaterials, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Zgadzaj
- Department of Environmental Health Science Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Nałęcz-Jawecki
- Department of Environmental Health Science Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Żółtowska K, Oledzka E, Kuras M, Skrzypczak A, Nałęcz-Jawecki G, Sobczak M. Cyto- and genotoxicity evaluation of the biomedical polyesters obtained in the presence of new zinc catalytic systems. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2016.1264948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Żółtowska
- Department of Biomaterials Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Oledzka
- Department of Biomaterials Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marzena Kuras
- Department of Biomaterials Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agata Skrzypczak
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Faculty of Pharmacy and Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Nałęcz-Jawecki
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Faculty of Pharmacy and Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Sobczak
- Department of Biomaterials Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Żółtowska K, Piotrowska U, Oledzka E, Kuras M, Zgadzaj A, Sobczak M. Biodegradable Poly(ester-urethane) Carriers Exhibiting Controlled Release of Epirubicin. Pharm Res 2017; 34:780-792. [PMID: 28120174 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-017-2105-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to develop the perspective biodegradable poly(ester-urethane) (PUR) carriers based on "predominantly isotactic" and atactic polylactides (PLAs), and poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), for the controlled release of epirubicin (EPI). METHODS The biodegradable PURs containing different soft segments as new and effective carriers of EPI have been obtained. The preliminary studies on toxicity and degradation of obtained polymers, and the release of the EPI from PUR carriers were carried out. RESULTS We found that the kinetic release of EPI from the obtained PUR carriers tested in vitro at 37°C and pH 7.4 was strongly dependent on the kind of the polyesters, used as the soft segment in PURs synthesis. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the EPI was released from various synthesized carriers in a rather regular manner, according to the diffusion-degradation and degradation mechanisms. Importantly, in some cases, the kinetics of the EPI release was nearly zero-order. CONCLUSION The results show that the obtained PURs are very effective and perspective carriers and might be potentially applied in the technology of high controlled EPI delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Żółtowska
- Department of Biomaterials Chemistry, Chair of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha St., Warsaw, 02-097, Poland
| | - Urszula Piotrowska
- Department of Biomaterials Chemistry, Chair of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha St., Warsaw, 02-097, Poland
| | - Ewa Oledzka
- Department of Biomaterials Chemistry, Chair of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha St., Warsaw, 02-097, Poland
| | - Marzena Kuras
- Department of Biomaterials Chemistry, Chair of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha St., Warsaw, 02-097, Poland
| | - Anna Zgadzaj
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha St., Warsaw, 02-097, Poland
| | - Marcin Sobczak
- Department of Biomaterials Chemistry, Chair of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha St., Warsaw, 02-097, Poland.
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Żółtowska K, Piotrowska U, Oledzka E, Luchowska U, Sobczak M, Bocho-Janiszewska A. Development of biodegradable polyesters with various microstructures for highly controlled release of epirubicin and cyclophosphamide. Eur J Pharm Sci 2016; 96:440-448. [PMID: 27742595 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2016.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In this study, "predominantly isotactic", disyndiotactic, and atactic polylactides (PLAs) and poly(ε-caprolactone)s (PCLs) were loaded with anticancer agents, epirubicin (EPI) and cyclophosphamide (CYCLOPHO), to investigate their properties as highly controlled delivery devices. It was found that the kinetic release of drugs from the obtained polyester matrices tested in vitro at 37°C and pH7.4 was strongly dependent on average molecular weight (Mn) of the polymers as well as the PLAs' microstructure. EPI and CYCLOPHO were released from various obtained matrices according to the diffusion, diffusion-degradation, and degradation mechanisms in a rather regular and continuous manner. Importantly, in some cases, the kinetics of the EPI and CYCLOPHO release was nearly zero-order, suggesting predominantly polymer degradation. It is shown that the drug release profiles can be tailored by a controlled design of the microstructure and Mn of polyesters, allowing use of the synthesized matrices for the development of highly controlled biodegradable anticancer drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Żółtowska
- Department of Biomaterials Chemistry, Chair of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha St., Warsaw 02-097, Poland.
| | - U Piotrowska
- Department of Biomaterials Chemistry, Chair of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha St., Warsaw 02-097, Poland.
| | - E Oledzka
- Department of Biomaterials Chemistry, Chair of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha St., Warsaw 02-097, Poland.
| | - U Luchowska
- Department of Biomaterials Chemistry, Chair of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha St., Warsaw 02-097, Poland.
| | - M Sobczak
- Department of Biomaterials Chemistry, Chair of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha St., Warsaw 02-097, Poland.
| | - A Bocho-Janiszewska
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Materials Science and Design, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, Chrobrego 27 St., Radom 26-600, Poland.
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