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Ahn YM, Jung J, Lee SM. Integrated Omics Analysis Uncovers the Culprit behind Exacerbated Atopic Dermatitis in a Diet-Induced Obesity Model. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4143. [PMID: 38673730 PMCID: PMC11050523 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD), a chronic inflammatory skin disease, is exacerbated by obesity, yet the precise linking mechanism remains elusive. This study aimed to elucidate how obesity amplifies AD symptoms. We studied skin samples from three mouse groups: sham control, AD, and high-fat (HF) + AD. The HF + AD mice exhibited more severe AD symptoms than the AD or sham control mice. Skin lipidome analysis revealed noteworthy changes in arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism, including increased expression of pla2g4, a key enzyme in AA generation. Genes for phospholipid transport (Scarb1) and acyltransferase utilizing AA as the acyl donor (Agpat3) were upregulated in HF + AD skin. Associations were observed between AA-containing phospholipids and skin lipids containing AA and its metabolites. Furthermore, imbalanced phospholipid metabolism was identified in the HF + AD mice, marked by excessive activation of the AA and phosphatidic acid (PA)-mediated pathway. This imbalance featured increased expression of Plcb1, Plcg1, and Dgk involved in PA generation, along with a decrease in genes converting PA into diglycerol (DG) and CDP-DG (Lpin1 and cds1). This investigation revealed imbalanced phospholipid metabolism in the skin of HF + AD mice, contributing to the heightened inflammatory response observed in HF + AD, shedding light on potential mechanisms linking obesity to the exacerbation of AD symptoms.
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Wu X, Zheng X, Tang H, Zhao L, He C, Zou Y, Song X, Li L, Yin Z, Ye G. A network pharmacology approach to identify the mechanisms and molecular targets of curcumin against Alzheimer disease. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e30194. [PMID: 36042609 PMCID: PMC9410577 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000030194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer disease (AD) is a degenerative brain disease, which may lead to severe memory loss and other cognitive disorders. However, few effective drugs are available in the clinic at present. Curcumin, a major ingredient of traditional Chinese medicine, Curcuma Longa, has various pharmacological activities. Therefore, exploring clinical drugs based on the inhibition of AD pathological features is imperative. METHODS First, we utilized the HERB database and Swisstarget Prediction database to get the related targets of curcumin and intersected with the AD targets. The intersection targets were used to construct the protein-protein interaction network and performed gene ontology and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes analyses. Further, we obtained targets of curcumin against AD-related tau and aβ pathology via the AlzData database. These targets were applied to perform GEO and receiver operating characteristic analyses. Finally, the reliability of the core targets was evaluated using molecular docking technology. RESULTS We identified 49 targets of curcumin against AD, and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes pathway enrichment analysis demonstrated that the Alzheimer disease pathway (has05010) was significantly enriched. Even more, we obtained 16 targets of curcumin-related Aβ and tau pathology. Among these targets, 8 targets involved the Alzheimer disease pathway and the biological process analyses showed that positive regulation of cytokine production (GO:0001819) was significantly enriched. Bioinformatic analyses indicated that HMOX1, CSF1R, NFKB1, GSK3B, BACE1, AR, or PTGS1 expression was significantly different compared to the control group in the AD patients. Finally, molecular docking studies suggested these genes have a good binding force with curcumin. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we identified curcumin exerted the effect of treating AD by regulating multitargets and multichannels through the method of network pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyan Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Gang Ye, PhD, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, China (e-mail: )
| | - Xiaomei Zheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Gang Ye, PhD, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, China (e-mail: )
| | - Huaqiao Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, China
| | - Changliang He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuanfeng Zou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, China
| | - Xu Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, China
| | - Lixia Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhongqiong Yin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, China
| | - Gang Ye
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, China
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Mohd Kasim VNK, Noble SM, Liew KY, Tan JW, Israf DA, Tham CL. Management of Atopic Dermatitis Via Oral and Topical Administration of Herbs in Murine Model: A Systematic Review. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:785782. [PMID: 35685636 PMCID: PMC9171034 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.785782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past few decades, complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) using herbs, or their active constituents have garnered substantial attention in the management of a chronic and relapsing inflammatory skin disorder called atopic dermatitis (AD), particularly in attenuating disease recurrence and maintaining long-term remission. In Eastern Asian countries including China, Korea and Taiwan, herbal medicine available in both topical and oral preparation plays a significant role in treating skin diseases like AD as they possibly confer high anti-inflammatory properties and immunomodulatory functions. Conventional murine models of AD have been employed in drug discovery to provide scientific evidence for conclusive and specific pharmacological effects elicited by the use of traditional herbs and their active constituents. Coupled with the goal to develop safe and effective novel therapeutic agents for AD, this systematic review consists of a summary of 103 articles on both orally and topically administered herbs and their active constituents in the murine model, whereby articles were screened and selected via a specialized framework known as PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparator and Outcome). The objectives of this review paper were to identify the efficacy of oral and topical administered herbs along with their active constituents in alleviating AD and the underlying mechanism of actions, as well as the animal models and choice of inducer agents used in these studies. The main outcome on the efficacy of the majority of the herbs and their active constituents illustrated suppression of Th2 response as well as improvements in the severity of AD lesions, suppression of Immunoglobulin E (IgE) concentration and mast cell infiltration. The majority of these studies used BALB/c mice followed by NC/Nga mice (commonly used gender-male; commonly used age group - 6-8 weeks). The most used agent in inducing AD was 2, 4-Dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB), and the average induction period for both oral and topical administered herbs and their active constituents in AD experiments lasted between 3 and 4 weeks. In light of these findings, this review paper could potentially assist researchers in exploring the potential candidate herbs and their active constituents using murine model for the amelioration of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivi Nur Khalieda Mohd Kasim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | | | - Kong Yen Liew
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Ji Wei Tan
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Daud Ahmad Israf
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Chau Ling Tham
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
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Nodushan SKH, Emtiazy M, Salmani MH, Lotfi MH, Zadeh ME. Monitoring of Essential and Toxic Elements in Leaves, Branches, and Stem of Prosopis cineraria (as Anti-Inflammatory) Growing in Iran. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 198:714-720. [PMID: 32212045 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02103-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Prosopis cineraria is locally grown which scientific literature present evidence for its anti-inflammatory effect. Monitoring the content of toxic elements is one of the most important aspects to consider medicinal plants' safety before evaluating the pharmaceutical use. The aim of present study was to investigate the level of essential and toxic elements in the leaves, branches, and stem of Prosopis cineraria to assess its health risk. Samples were collected around Bandar Abbas, washed several times, and dried in air for 2 weeks. The dried samples were chopped with stainless steel knife to small pieces and powdered by electrical mortar. Some physical and chemical properties of samples were investigated by chemical methods. Samples were ashed by a programmable electric furnace at 650 °C for 6 h. Then samples were dissolved in 30% HNO3, and the content elements of each sample were determined by inductive coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES). The tests quality control and the measurement uncertainty were checked through the analysis of certified reference materials of SRM 1515 from NIST and solution standards. Correlation analysis of the obtained results showed a significant difference between leaves, branches, and stem of Prosopis cineraria so that the stem had the high essential and low toxic elements ones in comparison to other parts. The results revealed that the Prosopis cineraria stem is meeting health standards regarding the studied toxic metals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Majid Emtiazy
- The Research Center of Persian Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, IR, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Salmani
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Environmental Science & Technology Research Center, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, IR, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Hassan Lotfi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, IR, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ebrahim Zadeh
- Department of Dermatology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, IR, Iran
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Kumar P, Sharma DK, Ashawat MS. Traditional Herbal Medicines, Newer Herbs and Other Novel Approaches Integrated in Herbal Medicine for Atopic Dermatitis-A Narrative Review. CURRENT DRUG THERAPY 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1574885514666191018165209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Atopic Dermatitis (AD) is a prolonged reverting skin ailment with characteristically distributed
skin lesions. In the previous decades, researchers had shown a marked interest in AD due to
its increased prevalence in developed countries. Although different strategies including biological
and immune modulators are available for the treatment of AD, each has certain limitations. The
researchers had shown considerable interest in the management of AD with herbal medicines. The
establishment of herbal drugs for AD might eliminate local as well as systemic adverse effects associated
with long term use of corticosteroids and also higher cost of therapy with biological drugs.
The present review discusses the traditional East Asian herbal medicines and scientific data related
to newer herbal extracts or compositions for the treatment of AD. In vivo animal models and in
vitro cell cultures, investigated with herbal medicines to establish a possible role in AD treatment,
have also been discussed in the paper. The paper also highlights the role of certain new approaches,
i.e. pharmacopuncture, a combination of allopathic and herbal medicines; and novel carriers
(liposomes, cubosomes) for herbal drugs on atopic skin. In conclusion, herbal medicines can be a
better and safe, complementary and alternative treatment option for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravin Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Laureate Institute of Pharmacy, VPO-Kathog, Kangra, H.P, 176031, India
| | | | - Mahendra Singh Ashawat
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Laureate Institute of Pharmacy, VPO-Kathog, Kangra, H.P, 176031, India
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Yan F, Li F, Liu J, Ye S, Zhang Y, Jia J, Li H, Chen D, Mo X. The formulae and biologically active ingredients of Chinese herbal medicines for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 127:110142. [PMID: 32330795 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common relapsing inflammatory skin disease characterized by severe pruritus that seriously affects the quality of patients' life. There is an increasingly large amount of research demonstrating that traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) including herbal formulae and bioactive ingredients exerts pharmacological effects on atopic dermatitis. It has been a long history of TCM being used to treat atopic dermatitis, especially in preventing disease recurrence, maintaining long-term remission, and reducing disease burden. Nowadays, both of TCM monomer preparations and traditional formulae are still widely used. This review focuses on TCM as well as its bioactive ingredients for the treatment of AD, from the perspectives of animal model construction, pharmacodynamic mechanisms and clinical studies of formulae. To be more specific, the regulation and molecular mechanisms of the herbal formulae and bioactive ingredients of TCM are investigated, and the latest clinical research on TCM formulae is discussed. Furthermore, it provides a summary of the strengths and utilities of TCM, and will be useful for doctors who use Chinese medicine for treatment or researchers who select candidates for clinical treatments or further high-quality clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenggen Yan
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Junfeng Liu
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Siqi Ye
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jinjing Jia
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Hongyi Li
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Dacan Chen
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Xiumei Mo
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.
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Abstract
The experiment reported in this research paper aimed to determine whether clinical and subclinical effects on cattle were similar if provided with isoenergetic and isonitrogenous challenge diets in which carbohydrate sources were predominantly starch or sugar. The study was a 3 × 3 Latin square using six adult Jersey cows with rumen cannulae, over 9 weeks. In the first 2 weeks of each 3 week experimental period cows were fed with a maintenance diet and, in the last week, each animal was assigned to one of three diets: a control diet (CON), being a continuation of the maintenance diet; a high starch (HSt) or a high sugar (HSu) diet. Reticuloruminal pH and motility were recorded throughout the study period. Blood and ruminal samples were taken on day-1 (TP-1), day-2 (TP-2) and day-7 (TP-7) of each challenge week. Four clinical variables were recorded daily: diarrhoea, inappetence, depression and ruminal tympany. The effects of treatment, hour of day and day after treatment on clinical parameters were analysed using linear mixed effects (LME) models. Although both challenge diets resulted in a decline in pH, an increase in the absolute pH residuals and an increase in the number of minutes per day under pH 5.8, systemic inflammation was only detected with the HSt diet. The challenge diets differentially modified amplitude and period of reticuloruminal contractions compared with CON diet and both were associated with an increased probability of diarrhoea. The HSu diet reduced the probability of an animal consuming its complete allocation. Because the challenge diets were derived from complex natural materials (barley and molasses respectively), it is not possible to assign all the differential effects to the difference in starch and sugar concentration: non-starch components of barley or non-sugar components of molasses might have contributed to some of the observations. In conclusion, substituting much of the starch with sugar caused no substantial reduction in the acidosis load, but inflammatory response was reduced while feed rejection was increased.
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