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Zeng X, Liu Y, Fan Y, Wu D, Meng Y, Qin M. Agents for the Treatment of Gout: Current Advances and Future Perspectives. J Med Chem 2023; 66:14474-14493. [PMID: 37908076 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Gout is characterized by hyperuricemia and the deposition of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals around joints. Despite the availability of several drugs on the market, its treatment remains challenging owing to the notable side effects, such as hepatorenal toxicity and cardiovascular complications, that are associated with most existing agents. This perspective aims to summarize the current research progress in the development of antigout agents, particularly focusing on xanthine oxidase (XO) and urate anion transporter 1 (URAT1) inhibitors from a medicinal chemistry viewpoint and their preliminary structure-activity relationships (SARs). This perspective provides valuable insights and theoretical guidance to medicinal chemists for the discovery of antigout agents with novel chemical structures, better efficiency, and lower toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Yajing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Yuxin Fan
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Di Wu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Yangyang Meng
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Mingze Qin
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
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2
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Recent advances in gout drugs. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 245:114890. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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3
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Zhu X, Yang C, Zhang L, Li J. Identification of novel dual inhibitors targeting XOR and URAT1 via multiple virtual screening methods. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Zhao T, Zhang J, Tao Y, Liao H, Zhao F, Liang R, Shi X, Zhang Z, Ji J, Wu T, Pang J, Liu X, Zhan P. Discovery of Novel Bicyclic Imidazolopyridine-Containing Human Urate Transporter 1 Inhibitors as Hypouricemic Drug Candidates with Improved Efficacy and Favorable Druggability. J Med Chem 2022; 65:4218-4237. [PMID: 35084182 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c02057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Lesinurad is a uricosuric agent for the treatment of hyperuricemia associated with gout, which was found lacking in efficacy and safety. Here, scaffold hopping and molecular hybridization were exploited to modify all the structural components of lesinurad, and 36 novel compounds bearing bicyclic imidazolopyridine core were obtained. In a mouse model of acute hyperuricemia, 29 compounds demonstrated increased serum uric acid (SUA)-reducing activity; SUA was treated with 12, 23, and 29 about fourfold lower compared with that of lesinurad. Moreover, 23 exhibited stronger URAT1 inhibition activity (IC50 = 1.36 μM) than lesinurad (IC50 = 5.54 μM). Additionally, 23 showed favorable safety profiles, and no obvious acute toxicity was observed in Kunming mice under a single dose of 1000 mg·kg-1. 23 also achieved excellent pharmacokinetic properties with the oral bioavailability of 59.3%. Overall, all the results indicated that 23 is a promising drug candidate in the treatment of hyperuricemia and gout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan, 250012 Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan, 250012 Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Yucen Tao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan, 250012 Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Hui Liao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, 510515 Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Fabao Zhao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan, 250012 Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Ruipeng Liang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan, 250012 Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Shi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan, 250012 Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Zhijiao Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan, 250012 Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Jianbo Ji
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan, 250012 Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Ting Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, 510515 Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jianxin Pang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, 510515 Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xinyong Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan, 250012 Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Peng Zhan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan, 250012 Shandong, P. R. China
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5
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Zhao ZA, Jiang Y, Chen YY, Wu T, Lan QS, Li YM, Li L, Yang Y, Lin CT, Cao Y, Zhou PZ, Guo JY, Tian YX, Pang JX. CDER167, a dual inhibitor of URAT1 and GLUT9, is a novel and potent uricosuric candidate for the treatment of hyperuricemia. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:121-132. [PMID: 33767379 PMCID: PMC8724292 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00640-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Urate transporter 1 (URAT1) and glucose transporter 9 (GLUT9) are important targets for the development of uric acid-lowering drugs. We previously showed that the flexible linkers of URAT1 inhibitors could enhance their potency. In this study we designed and synthesized CDER167, a novel RDEA3710 analogue, by introducing a linker (methylene) between the naphthalene and pyridine rings to increase flexibility, and characterized its pharmacological and pharmacokinetics properties in vitro and in vivo. We showed that CDER167 exerted dual-target inhibitory effects on both URAT1 and GLUT9: CDER167 concentration-dependently inhibited the uptake of [14C]-uric acid in URAT1-expressing HEK293 cells with an IC50 value of 2.08 ± 0.31 μM, which was similar to that of RDEA3170 (its IC50 value was 1.47 ± 0.23 μM). Using site-directed mutagenesis, we demonstrated that CDER167 might interact with URAT1 at S35 and F365. In GLUT9-expressing HEK293T cells, CDER167 concentration-dependently inhibited GLUT9 with an IC50 value of 91.55 ± 15.28 μM, whereas RDEA3170 at 100 μM had no effect on GLUT9. In potassium oxonate-induced hyperuricemic mice, oral administration of CDER167 (10 mg·kg-1 · d-1) for 7 days was more effective in lowering uric acid in blood and significantly promoted uric acid excretion in urine as compared with RDEA3170 (20 mg·kg-1 · d-1) administered. The animal experiment proved the safety of CDER167. In addition, CDER167 displayed better bioavailability than RDEA3170, better metabolic stability and no hERG toxicity at 100 μM. These results suggest that CDER167 deserves further investigation as a candidate antihyperuricemic drug targeting URAT1 and GLUT9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-An Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yan-Yu Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Ting Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Qun-Sheng Lan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yong-Mei Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Lu Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Cui-Ting Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Ying Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Ping-Zheng Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jia-Yin Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Yuan-Xin Tian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Jian-Xin Pang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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Zheng Y, Zhang H, Liu M, Li G, Ma S, Zhang Z, Lin H, Zhan Y, Chen Z, Zhong D, Miao L, Diao X. Pharmacokinetics, Mass Balance, and Metabolism of the Novel URAT1 Inhibitor [14C]HR011303 in Humans: Metabolism is Mediated Predominantly by UDP-glucuronosyltransferase. Drug Metab Dispos 2021; 50:798-808. [PMID: 34862252 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.121.000581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
HR011303, a promising selective URAT1 inhibitor, is currently being studied in a phase Ⅲ clinical trial in China for the treatment of hyperuricemia and gout. In the current study, the pharmacokinetics, mass balance, and metabolism of HR011303 were examined in six healthy Chinese male subjects who received a single oral dose of 10 mg of [14C]HR011303 (80 µCi). The results showed that HR011303 was rapidly absorbed with a median T max = 1.50 h post-dose, and the arithmetic mean t 1/2 of total radioactivity was approximately 24.2 h in plasma. The mean blood-to-plasma radioactivity concentration ratio was 0.66, suggesting the preferential distribution of drug-related components in plasma. At 216 h post-dose, the mean cumulative excreted radioactivity was 91.75% of the dose, including 81.50% in urine and 10.26% in feces. Six metabolites were identified, and the parent drug HR011303 was the most abundant component in plasma and feces, but a minor component in urine. Glucuronidation of the carboxylic acid moiety of HR011303 was the primary metabolic pathway in humans, amounting to 69.63% of the dose (M5, 51.57% of the dose; M5/2, 18.06% of the dose) in the urine; however, it was not detected in plasma. UGT2B7 was responsible for the formation of M5. Overall, after a single oral dose of 10 mg of [14C]HR011303 (80 µCi), HR011303 and its main metabolites were eliminated via renal excretion. The major metabolic pathway was carboxylic acid glucuronidation, which was catalyzed predominantly by UGT2B7. Significance Statement This study determined the absorption and disposition of HR011303, a selective URAT1 inhibitor currently in development for the treatment of hyperuricemia and gout. This work helps to characterize the major metabolic pathways of new URAT inhibitors and identify the absorption and clearance mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuandong Zheng
- DMPK, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, China
| | - Mengling Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Guangze Li
- Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine Co. Ltd., China
| | - Sheng Ma
- First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine Co. Ltd, China
| | | | - Yan Zhan
- Shanghai Center for Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Zhendong Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Dafang Zhong
- Center for Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinet, China
| | - Liyan Miao
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow Universit, China
| | - Xingxing Diao
- DMPK, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
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Recent Updates of Natural and Synthetic URAT1 Inhibitors and Novel Screening Methods. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:5738900. [PMID: 34754317 PMCID: PMC8572588 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5738900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Human urate anion transporter 1 (hURAT1) is responsible for the reabsorption of uric acid in the proximal renal tubules and is a promising therapeutic target for treating hyperuricemia. To mitigate the side effects of URAT1-targeted clinical agents such as benzbromarone, there is significant interest in discovering new URAT1 inhibitors and developing technology that can evaluate URAT1 inhibition. This review summarizes the methods for assay of URAT1 inhibition and the progress on the discovery of natural and synthetic URAT1 inhibitors in the past five years.
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Song D, Zhao X, Wang F, Wang G. A brief review of urate transporter 1 (URAT1) inhibitors for the treatment of hyperuricemia and gout: Current therapeutic options and potential applications. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 907:174291. [PMID: 34216576 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Hyperuricemia is a common metabolic condition, cause by increased levels of serum urate (SUA). Reduced excretion of uric acid is reported as the key factor of primary hyperuricemia, accounting for approximately 90% of the cases. Urate transporter 1 (URAT1) is a major protein involved in uric acid reabsorption (about 90%). Therefore, URAT1 inhibitors are considered to be a highly effective and promising class of uricosuric agents for treating hyperuricemia. This review summarizes the development of URAT1 inhibitors for the treatment of hyperuricemia, including approved URAT1 inhibitors, URAT1 inhibitors under development in clinical trials, substances with URAT1 inhibitory effects from derivatives and natural products, and conventional drugs with new uses. This review provides new ideas regarding research on URAT1 inhibitors by introducing the structure, properties, and side effects of chemical drugs, as well as the sources and categories of natural drugs. We also discuss new mechanisms of classic drugs, which may provide guidance to many practicing clinicians. The research and discovery of new inhibitors remain in full swing, and tremendous developments are expected in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danni Song
- School of Traditional Chinese Material Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Xu Zhao
- Faculty of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Fuqi Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Material Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Zhuang Yao Medicine Center of Engineering and Technology, Guang Xi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
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Zhao T, Meng Q, Sun Z, Chen Y, Ai W, Zhao Z, Kang D, Dong Y, Liang R, Wu T, Pang J, Liu X, Zhan P. Novel Human Urate Transporter 1 Inhibitors as Hypouricemic Drug Candidates with Favorable Druggability. J Med Chem 2020; 63:10829-10854. [PMID: 32897699 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Lesinurad, a human urate transporter 1 (URAT1) inhibitor approved as a medication for the treatment of hyperuricemia associated with gout in 2015, can cause liver and renal toxicity. Here, we modified all three structural components of lesinurad by applying scaffold hopping, bioisosterism, and substituent-decorating strategies. In a mouse model of acute hyperuricemia, 21 of the synthesized compounds showed increased serum uric acid (SUA)-reducing activity; SUA was about 4-fold lower in animals treated with 44, 54, and 83 compared with lesinurad or benzbromarone. In the URAT1 inhibition assay, 44 was over 8-fold more potent than lesinurad (IC50: 1.57 μM vs 13.21 μM). Notably, 83 also displayed potent inhibitory activity (IC50 = 31.73 μM) against GLUT9. Furthermore, we also preliminarily explored the effect of chirality on the potency of the promising derivatives 44 and 54. Compounds 44, 54, and 83 showed favorable drug-like pharmacokinetics and appear to be promising candidates for the treatment of hyperuricemia and gout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, 250012 Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Qing Meng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, 250012 Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Zhuosen Sun
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, 250012 Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Yanyu Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, 510515 Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Wei Ai
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, 250012 Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Zean Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, 510515 Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Dongwei Kang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, 250012 Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Yue Dong
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, 250012 Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Ruipeng Liang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, 250012 Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Ting Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, 510515 Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jianxin Pang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, 510515 Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xinyong Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, 250012 Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Peng Zhan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, 250012 Jinan, Shandong, PR China
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Two- and three-dimensional QSAR studies on hURAT1 inhibitors with flexible linkers: topomer CoMFA and HQSAR. Mol Divers 2019; 24:141-154. [PMID: 30868332 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-019-09936-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
hURAT1 (human urate transporter 1) is a successful target for hyperuricemia. Recently, the modification work on hURAT1 inhibitors showed that the flexible linkers would benefit biological activity. The study aimed to investigate the contribution of the linkers and give modification strategies on this kind of structures based on QSAR models (HQSAR and topomer CoMFA). The most effective HQSAR and topomer CoMFA models were generated by applying the training set containing 63 compounds, with the cross-validated q2 values of 0.869/0.818 and the non-cross-validated correlation coefficients r2 of 0.951/0.978, respectively. The Y-randomization test was applied to ensure the robustness of the models. The external predictive correlation coefficient (rpred2) grounded on the external test set (21 compounds) of two models was 0.910 and 0.907, respectively. In addition, the models were validated by Golbraikh-Tropsha and Roy methods, as well as other statistical metrics. The results showed that both models were reliable. Topomer CoMFA steric/electrostatic contours and HQSAR atomic contribution maps illustrated the structural features which governed their inhibitory potency. The dependable results could provide important insights to guide the designing of more potential hURAT1 inhibitors.
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Wu JW, Yin L, Liu YQ, Zhang H, Xie YF, Wang RL, Zhao GL. Synthesis, biological evaluation and 3D-QSAR studies of 1,2,4-triazole-5-substituted carboxylic acid bioisosteres as uric acid transporter 1 (URAT1) inhibitors for the treatment of hyperuricemia associated with gout. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:383-388. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Cai W, Wu J, Liu W, Xie Y, Liu Y, Zhang S, Xu W, Tang L, Wang J, Zhao G. Systematic Structure-Activity Relationship (SAR) Exploration of Diarylmethane Backbone and Discovery of A Highly Potent Novel Uric Acid Transporter 1 (URAT1) Inhibitor. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23020252. [PMID: 29382075 PMCID: PMC6017028 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to systematically explore and better understand the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of a diarylmethane backbone in the design of potent uric acid transporter 1 (URAT1) inhibitors, 33 compounds (1a-1x and 1ha-1hi) were designed and synthesized, and their in vitro URAT1 inhibitory activities (IC50) were determined. The three-round systematic SAR exploration led to the discovery of a highly potent novel URAT1 inhibitor, 1h, which was 200- and 8-fold more potent than parent lesinurad and benzbromarone, respectively (IC50 = 0.035 μM against human URAT1 for 1h vs. 7.18 μM and 0.28 μM for lesinurad and benzbromarone, respectively). Compound 1h is the most potent URAT1 inhibitor discovered in our laboratories so far and also comparable to the most potent ones currently under development in clinical trials. The present study demonstrates that the diarylmethane backbone represents a very promising molecular scaffold for the design of potent URAT1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Cai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - Jingwei Wu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - Wei Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - Yafei Xie
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - Yuqiang Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Shandong Key Laboratory for Special Silicon-Containing Materials, Advanced Materials Institute, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Weiren Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - Lida Tang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - Jianwu Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - Guilong Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin 300193, China.
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Zhang X, Wu J, Liu Y, Xie Y, Liu C, Wang J, Zhao G. Facile synthetic approaches to 1-thiocyclopropanecarboxylates. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2017.1286492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiansheng Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, P. R. China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, P. R. China
- Shandong Lukang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Jining, P. R. China
| | - Jingwei Wu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Yuqiang Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Yafei Xie
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Changying Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Jianwu Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Guilong Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, P. R. China
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