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Zhao J, Quinto M, Zakia F, Li D. Microextraction of essential oils: A review. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1708:464357. [PMID: 37696126 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Liquid phase microextraction (LPME) and solid phase microextraction (SPME) are popular extraction techniques for sample preparation due to their green and highly efficient single-step extraction efficiency. With the increasing attention to essential oils, their evaluation and analysis are significant in analytical sciences. In this review, starting from a brief description of the recent advances in the last decade, the attention has been focused on the up-to-date research works and applications based on liquid and solid phase microextraction for essential oil analyses. Particular attention has been given to the approaches using ionic liquids, eutectic solvents, gas flow assisted, and novel composite materials. In the end, the technological convergence of novel microextraction of essential oils in the future has been prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Analysis and Inspection Center, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Maurizio Quinto
- Department of Chemistry, Analysis and Inspection Center, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji, Jilin, China; Department of Agriculture, Food, Natural Resources and Engineering (DAFNE), University of Foggia, Via Napoli 25, Foggia 71122, Italy
| | - Fatima Zakia
- Department of Chemistry, Analysis and Inspection Center, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Donghao Li
- Department of Chemistry, Analysis and Inspection Center, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji, Jilin, China; Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji, Jilin, China.
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Reyes-Pérez V, Granados-Soto V, Linares E, Bye R, Mata R, Deciga-Campos M. Anti-inflammatory and anti-allodynic activities in mice of the essential oil and desmethylisoencecalin from Zinnia grandiflora Nuttall. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2022.2118880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Reyes-Pérez
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Edelmira Linares
- Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Robert Bye
- Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rachel Mata
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Myrna Deciga-Campos
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
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α-Glucosidase and Bacterial β-Glucuronidase Inhibitors from the Stems of Schisandra sphaerandra Staph. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15030329. [PMID: 35337127 PMCID: PMC8954508 DOI: 10.3390/ph15030329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
α-Glucosidase (AGS) is a therapeutic target for Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) that tends to complicate with other diseases. Some medications for the treatment of T2DM complications have the risk of inducing severe adverse reactions such as diarrhea via the metabolism of intestinal bacterial β-glucuronidase (BGUS). The development of new AGS and/or BGUS inhibitors may improve the therapeutic effects of T2DM and its complications. The present work focused on the isolation and characterization of AGS and/or BGUS inhibitors from the medicinal plant Schisandra sphaerandra. A total of eight compounds were isolated and identified. Sphaerandralide A (1) was obtained as a previously undescribed triterpenoid, which may have chemotaxonomy significance in the authentication of the genus Schisandra and Kadsura. 2′-acetyl-4′,4-dimethoxybiphenyl-2-carbaldehyde (8) was obtained from a plant source for the first time, while compounds 2–7 were isolated from S. sphaerandra for the first time. In the in vitro assay, compounds 1–5 showed potent to moderate activity against AGS. Interestingly, compound 3 also exhibited significant BGUS inhibitory activity, demonstrating the potential of being developed as a bifunctional inhibitor that may find application in the therapy of T2DM and/or the diarrhea induced by medications for the treatment of T2DM complications.
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Jiménez-Estrada M, Huerta-Reyes M, Tavera-Hernández R, Alvarado-Sansininea JJ, Alvarez AB. Contributions from Mexican Flora for the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus: Molecules of Psacalium decompositum (A. Gray) H. Rob & Brettell. Molecules 2021; 26:2892. [PMID: 34068304 PMCID: PMC8153299 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26102892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is cited as a serious worldwide health problem that occupies second place in causes of annual mortality in Mexico. Among Mexican flora, nearly 300 plant species have been employed as hypoglycemic in popular use. Thus, their study entertains great relevance In this context, this work contributes a clear and timely review of the plant species utilized in Traditional Mexican Medicine and experimental biological models in which not only have the hypoglycemic properties of the extracts and the isolated compounds been considered, but also the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, taking into account an integral focus based on the complex mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis and physiopathology of DM. Among the species reviewed, we highlight Psacalium decompositum (Asteraceae), due to the potent hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activity of the sesquiterpenes identified as majority compounds isolated from the root, such as cacalol and cacalone that also possess the capacity of increasing insulin levels. In this manner, the present manuscript attempts to contribute necessary information for the future study of bioactive molecules that are useful in the treatment of DM, as well as also being a contribution to the knowledge and diffusion of Mexican Traditional Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Jiménez-Estrada
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, Coyoacán 04510, Mexico; (R.T.-H.); (J.J.A.-S.); (A.B.A.)
| | - Maira Huerta-Reyes
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Nefrológicas, Hospital de Especialidades “Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez”, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Cuauhtémoc 06720, Mexico;
| | - Rosario Tavera-Hernández
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, Coyoacán 04510, Mexico; (R.T.-H.); (J.J.A.-S.); (A.B.A.)
| | - J. Javier Alvarado-Sansininea
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, Coyoacán 04510, Mexico; (R.T.-H.); (J.J.A.-S.); (A.B.A.)
| | - Ana Berenice Alvarez
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, Coyoacán 04510, Mexico; (R.T.-H.); (J.J.A.-S.); (A.B.A.)
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Antihyperglycemic and Lipid Profile Effects of Salvia amarissima Ortega on Streptozocin-Induced Type 2 Diabetic Mice. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26040947. [PMID: 33670091 PMCID: PMC7916882 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26040947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Salvia amarissima Ortega was evaluated to determinate its antihyperglycemic and lipid profile properties. Petroleum ether extract of fresh aerial parts of S. amarissima (PEfAPSa) and a secondary fraction (F6Sa) were evaluated to determine their antihyperglycemic activity in streptozo-cin-induced diabetic (STID) mice, in oral tolerance tests of sucrose, starch, and glucose (OSTT, OStTT, and OGTT, respectively), in terms of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), triglycerides (TG), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). In acute assays at doses of 50 mg/kg body weight (b.w.), PEfAPSa and F6Sa showed a reduction in hyperglycemia in STID mice, at the first and fifth hour after of treatment, respectively, and were comparable with acarbose. In the sub-chronic test, PEfAPSa and F6Sa showed a reduction of glycemia since the first week, and the effect was greater than that of the acarbose control group. In relation to HbA1c, the treatments prevented the increase in HbA1c. In the case of TG and HDL, PEfAPSa and F6Sa showed a reduction in TG and an HDL increase from the second week. OSTT and OStTT showed that PEfAPSa and F6Sa significantly lowered the postprandial peak at 1 h after loading but only in sucrose or starch such as acarbose. The results suggest that S. amarissima activity may be mediated by the inhibition of disaccharide hydrolysis, which may be associated with an α-glucosidase inhibitory effect.
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Mandal SK, Debnath U, Kumar A, Thomas S, Mandal SC, Choudhury MD, Palit P. Natural Sesquiterpene Lactones in the Prevention and Treatment of Inflammatory Disorders and cancer: A Systematic Study of this Emerging Therapeutic Approach based on Chemical and Pharmacological Aspect. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180817999200421144007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background and Introduction:
Sesquiterpene lactones are a class of secondary metabolite
that contains sesquiterpenoids and lactone ring as pharmacophore moiety. A large group of bioactive
secondary metabolites such as phytopharmaceuticals belong to this category. From the Asteraceae
family-based medicinal plants, more than 5,000 sesquiterpene lactones have been reported so
far. Sesquiterpene lactone-based pharmacophore moieties hold promise for broad-spectrum biological
activities against cancer, inflammation, parasitic, bacterial, fungal, viral infection and other functional
disorders. Moreover, these moiety based phytocompounds have been highlighted with a new
dimension in the natural drug discovery program worldwide after the 2015 Medicine Nobel Prize
achieved by the Artemisinin researchers.
Objective:
These bitter substances often contain an α, β-unsaturated-γ-lactone as a major structural
backbone, which in recent studies has been explored to be associated with anti-tumor, cytotoxic, and
anti-inflammatory action. Recently, the use of sesquiterpene lactones as phytomedicine has been
increased. This study will review the prospect of sesquiterpene lactones against inflammation and
cancer.
Methods:
Hence, we emphasized on the different features of this moiety by incorporating its structural
diversity on biological activities to explore structure-activity relationships (SAR) against inflammation
and cancer.
Results:
How the dual mode of action such as anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer has been exhibitedby
these phytopharmaceuticals will be forecasted in this study. Furthermore, the correlation of
anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activity executed by the sesquiterpene lactones for fruitful phytotherapy
will also be revealed in the present review in the milieu of pharmacophore activity relation
and pharmacodynamics study as well.
Conclusion:
So, these metabolites are paramount in phytopharmacological aspects. The present discussion
on the future prospect of this moiety based on the reported literature could be a guide for
anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer drug discovery programs for the upcoming researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudip Kumar Mandal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Dr. B.C. Roy College of Pharmacy & Allied Health Sciences, Durgapur- 713206, India
| | - Utsab Debnath
- School of Pharmaceutical Technology, Adamas University, Kolkata 700126, India
| | - Amresh Kumar
- Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Biotech Hub, Assam University, Silchar, Assam-788011, India
| | - Sabu Thomas
- Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam-686560, Kerala, India
| | - Subhash Chandra Mandal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy Research Laboratory, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Manabendra Dutta Choudhury
- Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Biotech Hub, Assam University, Silchar, Assam-788011, India
| | - Partha Palit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Drug Discovery Research Laboratory, Division of Pharmacognosy, Assam University (A Central University), Silchar-788011, India
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Molecules Isolated from Mexican Hypoglycemic Plants: A Review. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25184145. [PMID: 32927754 PMCID: PMC7571036 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Like in many developing countries, in Mexico, the use of medicinal plants is a common practice. Based on our own field experience, there are at least 800 plants used for treating diabetes nowadays. Thus, their investigation is essential. In this context, this work aims to provide a comprehensive and critical review of the molecules isolated from Mexican hypoglycemic plants, including their source and target tested. In the last few years, some researchers have focused on the study of Mexican hypoglycemic plants. Most works describe the hypoglycemic effect or the mechanism of action of the whole extract, as well as the phytochemical profile of the tested extract. Herein, we analyzed 85 studies encompassing 40 hypoglycemic plants and 86 active compounds belonging to different classes of natural products: 28 flavonoids, 25 aromatic compounds, other than flavonoids, four steroids, 23 terpenoids, 4 oligosaccharides, and 1 polyalcohol. These compounds have shown to inhibit α-glucosidases, increase insulin secretion levels, increase insulin sensitivity, and block hepatic glucose output. Almost half of these molecules are not common metabolites, with a narrow taxonomic distribution, which makes them more interesting as lead molecules. Altogether, this analysis provides a necessary inventory useful for future testing of these active molecules against different hypoglycemic targets, to get a better insight into the already described mechanisms, and overall, to contribute to the knowledge of Mexican medicinal plants.
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Safety of Aqueous Extract of Calea ternifolia Used in Mexican Traditional Medicine. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2019:7478152. [PMID: 31949470 PMCID: PMC6944969 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7478152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
There is a trend to use medicinal plants for primary medical care or as dietary supplements; however, the safety of many of these plants has not been studied. The objective of this work was to determine the toxic effect of the aqueous extract of Calea ternifolia (C. zacatechichi), known popularly as “dream herb” in vivo and in vitro in order to validate its safety. In vivo, the extract had moderate toxicity on A. salina. In vitro, the extract induced eryptosis of 73% at a concentration of 100 μg·mL−1 and it inhibited CYP3A by 99% at a concentration of 375 μg/mL. After administering 8.5 mg/kg of C. ternifolia to rats, we found a reduction in platelets and leukocytes and an increase in urea and the liver enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Histological analysis showed spongiform changes in the proximal tubules of renal tissue and a lymphoid infiltrate in liver tissue. This plant is used in the treatment of diabetes, and it is commercialized as a dietary supplement in several countries. Our results show renal and hepatic toxicity; therefore, more profound research on the toxicity of this plant is needed.
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In Vivo and In Vitro α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity of Perfoliatin a from Melampodium Perfoliatum. Nat Prod Commun 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1901400102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
As part of our effort to discover new α-glucosidase inhibitors from natural sources, it was found that an aqueous extract from Melampodium perfoliatum (Cavanilles) Kunth (Asteraceae) inhibited the activity of rat-intestinal α-glucosidases in a concentration dependent manner (IC50= 958 μg/mL). Fractionation of the active extract led to the isolation of perfoliatin A (1), which was active against the mammal α-glucosidases and a recombinant α-glucosidase with maltase-glucoamylase activity obtained from Ruminococcus obeum. Kinetic analysis revealed that the interaction of 1 with R. obeum-α-glucosidase was noncompetitive. The calculated Ki was 0.68 ± 0.034 mM. In vivo testing using an oral sucrose tolerance test, in healthy and hyperglycemic mice, revealed that perfoliatin A (1) reduced significantly the postprandial peak, consistent with its α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. The effect was comparable or better to that of acarbose, a therapeutically used α-glucosidase inhibitor. Altogether, these findings clearly supported the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of melampolide-type of sesquiterpene lactones.
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Mata R, Figueroa M, Navarrete A, Rivero-Cruz I. Chemistry and Biology of Selected Mexican Medicinal Plants. PROGRESS IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS 2019; 108:1-142. [PMID: 30924013 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-01099-7_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Herbal medicines are an integral element of alternative medical care in Mexico, and the best testimony to their efficacy and cultural value is their persistence in contemporary Mexican marketplaces where the highest percentages of medicinal and aromatic plants are sold. This chapter summarizes current trends in research on medicinal plants in Mexico, with emphasis on work carried out at the authors' laboratories. The most relevant phytochemical and pharmacological profiles of a selected group of plants used widely for treating major national health problems are described.From this contribution, it is evident that in the last five decades a significant amount of research on medicinal plants has been performed by Mexican scientists. Such efforts have led to the publication of many research papers in noted peer-reviewed journals and technical books. The isolation and structural characterization of hundreds of bioactive secondary metabolites have been accomplished, and most importantly, these studies have tended to support the ethnomedical uses of many different species. A multidisciplinary approach for investigating these plants has led to an increased emphasis on areas such as phytopharmacology, phytotoxicology, quality control, regulation, and conservation issues for these valuable resources. The medicinal plants analyzed so far have shown a very broad chemical diversity of their constituents, which have a high potential for exhibiting novel mechanistic effects biologically. The chapter shows also that there is need to conduct additional clinical studies on herbal drugs, in particular because the longstanding traditional evidence for their safety is not always sufficient to assure their rational use. There is also need to move to "omics" approaches for investigating the holistic effect and the influence of groups of phytochemicals on the whole organism. Mexican scientists may be expected to have bright prospects in this regard, which will imbue medicinal plant research with a new dynamism in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Mata
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México.
| | - Mario Figueroa
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México.
| | - Andrés Navarrete
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Isabel Rivero-Cruz
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
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