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Lin J, Chen R, Liao H, Zhang Y, Zheng Z, Hong C. Mechanisms of cordycepin in the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension in rats based on metabonomics and transcriptomics. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12431. [PMID: 38816406 PMCID: PMC11139979 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62163-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a fatal disease featured by high morbidity and mortality. Although Cordycepin is known for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and immune-enhancing effects, its role in PAH treatment and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The therapeutic effects of Cordycepin on rats with PAH were investigated using a monocrotaline (MCT)-induced rat model. The metabolic effects of Cordycepin were assessed based on the plasma metabolome. The potential mechanisms of Cordycepin in PAH treatment were investigated through transcriptome sequencing and validated in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMC). Evaluations included hematoxylin and eosin staining for pulmonary vascular remodeling, CCK-8 assay, EDU, and TUNEL kits for cell viability, proliferation, and apoptosis, respectively, and western blot for protein expression. Cordycepin significantly reduced right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) and right ventricular hypertrophy index (RVHI) in PAH rats, and mitigated pulmonary vascular remodeling. Plasma metabolomics showed that Cordycepin could reverse the metabolic disorders in the lungs of MCT-induced PAH rats, particularly impacting linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid metabolism pathways. Transcriptomics revealed that the P53 pathway might be the primary pathway involved, and western blot results showed that Cordycepin significantly increased P53 and P21 protein levels in lung tissues. Integrated analysis of transcriptomics and metabolomics suggested that these pathways were mainly enriched in linoleic acid metabolism and alpha-linolenic acid metabolism pathway. In vitro experiments demonstrated that Cordycepin significantly inhibited the PDGFBB (PD)-induced abnormal proliferation and migration of PASMC and promoted PD-induced apoptosis. Meanwhile, Cordycepin enhanced the expression levels of P53 and P21 proteins in PD-insulted PASMC. However, inhibitors of P53 and P21 eliminated these effects of Cordycepin. Cordycepin may activate the P53-P21 pathway to inhibit abnormal proliferation and migration of PASMC and promote apoptosis, offering a potential approach for PAH treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangpeng Lin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524003, Guangdong, China
- Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Riken Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524003, Guangdong, China
- Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Huizhao Liao
- Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuzhuo Zhang
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
- Nanshan School, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Zhenzhen Zheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524003, Guangdong, China.
| | - Cheng Hong
- Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China.
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Ren QL, Li XL, Tian T, Li S, Shi RY, Wang Q, Zhu Y, Wang M, Hu H, Liu JG. Application of Natural Medicinal Plants Active Ingredients in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Chin J Integr Med 2024:10.1007/s11655-024-3804-7. [PMID: 38607612 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-024-3804-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignant cancer of the head and neck, with high morbidity and mortality, ranking as the sixth most common cancer in the world. The treatment of OSCC is mainly radiotherapy, chemotherapy and surgery, however, the prognosis of patients is still poor and the recurrence rate is high. This paper reviews the range of effects of natural medicinal plant active ingredients (NMPAIs) on OSCC cancer, including the types of NMPAIs, anti-cancer mechanisms, involved signaling pathways, and clinical trials. The NMPAIs include terpenoids, phenols, flavonoids, glycosides, alkaloids, coumarins, and volatile oils. These active ingredients inhibit proliferation, induce apoptosis and autophagy, inhibit migration and invasion of OSCC cells, and regulate cancer immunity to exert anti-cancer effects. The mechanism involves signaling pathways such as mitogen-activated protein kinase, phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/protein kinase B, nuclear factor kappa B, miR-22/WNT1/β-catenin and Nrf2/Keap1. Clinically, NMPAIs can inhibit the growth of OSCC, and the combined drug is more effective. Natural medicinal plants are promising candidates for the treatment of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun-Li Ren
- School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China
- Microbial Resources and Drug Development Key Laboratory of Guizhou Tertiary Institution, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China
| | - Xiao-Lan Li
- School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China
- Microbial Resources and Drug Development Key Laboratory of Guizhou Tertiary Institution, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China
| | - Tian Tian
- School of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China
| | - Shuang Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China
| | - Rong-Yi Shi
- School of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China
- Microbial Resources and Drug Development Key Laboratory of Guizhou Tertiary Institution, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China
| | - Yuan Zhu
- School of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China
| | - Miao Wang
- School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China
- Microbial Resources and Drug Development Key Laboratory of Guizhou Tertiary Institution, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China
| | - Huan Hu
- School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China
- Microbial Resources and Drug Development Key Laboratory of Guizhou Tertiary Institution, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China
| | - Jian-Guo Liu
- School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China.
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Muraro E, Vinante L, Fratta E, Bearz A, Höfler D, Steffan A, Baboci L. Metronomic Chemotherapy: Anti-Tumor Pathways and Combination with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2471. [PMID: 37173937 PMCID: PMC10177461 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence pinpoints metronomic chemotherapy, a frequent and low dose drug administration with no prolonged drug-free intervals, as a potential tool to fight certain types of cancers. The primary identified targets of metronomic chemotherapy were the tumor endothelial cells involved in angiogenesis. After this, metronomic chemotherapy has been shown to efficiently target the heterogeneous population of tumor cells and, more importantly, elicit the innate and adaptive immune system reverting the "cold" to "hot" tumor immunologic phenotype. Although metronomic chemotherapy is primarily used in the context of a palliative setting, with the development of new immunotherapeutic drugs, a synergistic therapeutic role of the combined metronomic chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors has emerged at both the preclinical and clinical levels. However, some aspects, such as the dose and the most effective scheduling, still remain unknown and need further investigation. Here, we summarize what is currently known of the underlying anti-tumor effects of the metronomic chemotherapy, the importance of the optimal therapeutic dose and time-exposure, and the potential therapeutic effect of the combined administration of metronomic chemotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors in preclinical and clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Muraro
- Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy; (E.M.); (E.F.); (A.S.)
| | - Lorenzo Vinante
- Radiation Oncology Department, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy;
| | - Elisabetta Fratta
- Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy; (E.M.); (E.F.); (A.S.)
| | - Alessandra Bearz
- Medical Oncology Department, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy;
| | - Daniela Höfler
- Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Agostino Steffan
- Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy; (E.M.); (E.F.); (A.S.)
| | - Lorena Baboci
- Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy; (E.M.); (E.F.); (A.S.)
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Air Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet to Improve Fruiting Body Production and Enhance Bioactive Phytochemicals from Mutant Cordyceps militaris (White Cordyceps militaris). FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-023-03028-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Analysis Explores the Mechanisms of Cordyceps sinensis in the Treatment of Oral Lichen Planus. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:3156785. [PMID: 36072973 PMCID: PMC9444403 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3156785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Objective Oral lichen planus (OLP) is the most common potentially malignant disorder of the oral cavity. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of action of Cordyceps sinensis in the treatment of OLP and provides a theoretical support for improving current treatment regimens for OLP. Methods The active components and therapeutic targets of Cordyceps sinensis were predicted and screened using the TCMSP, SymMap, PubMed, HIT 2.0, and PharmMapper databases, while the relevant OLP targets were predicted and screened using the DisGeNET and GeneCards databases. Protein-protein interactions (PPI) were examined using the String database, and Cytoscape was used to combine and illustrate the findings. GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses were carried out using RStudio, and AutoDock Vina and Pymol were used for molecular docking and visualization, respectively. Results A total of 404 potential target genes were discovered after evaluating 21 active compounds from Cordyceps sinensis. Potential therapeutic targets included 67 targets that matched and overlapped with OLP, including TNF, IL-6, CD4, EGFR, and IL1B. Key targets were predominantly engaged in the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and the MAPK signaling pathway, according to the GO and KEGG analyses. These targets have a connection to biological processes including apoptosis signaling pathway regulation, T cell activation, and oxidative stress response. The molecular docking results showed that TNF, IL-6, CD4, EGFR, and IL1B could bind to their corresponding active components. Conclusions Cordyceps sinensis contains multiple components and acts on multiple targets and multiple pathways. Particularly, Cordyceps sinensis targets TNF, IL-6, CD4, EGFR, and IL1B, regulates PI3K-Akt and MAPK signaling pathways, as well as takes part in biological processes including apoptosis, T cell activation, and oxidative stress. Cordyceps sinensis could be a crucial choice in the therapy of OLP.
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Binlateh T, Uppatcha N, Thepchai J, Pleungtuk Y, Noisa P, Hutamekalin P, Jitprasertwong P. Cordycepin attenuates migration and invasion of HSC-4 oral squamous carcinoma cells through autophagy-dependent FAK/Akt and MMP2/MMP9 suppression. J Dent Sci 2022; 17:1677-1688. [PMID: 36299321 PMCID: PMC9588793 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2022.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/29/2022] Open
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Cordycepin inhibits the proliferation and progression of NPC by targeting the MAPK/ERK and β-catenin pathways. Oncol Lett 2021; 23:20. [PMID: 34858524 PMCID: PMC8617562 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.13138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Cordycepin is an extract from the Cordyceps genus of ascomycete fungi. In the present study, the anticancer potential of cordycepin against nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), and the potential underlying mechanisms, were investigated. Using Cell Counting Kit 8, wound-healing and Transwell assays, cordycepin was found to reduce the viability and inhibit the migration of C666-1 cells in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, in colony formation assays, co-treatment with cordycepin and cisplatin inhibited the proliferation of C666-1 cells. Furthermore, RNA sequencing analysis identified 72 significantly differentially expressed genes and different signaling pathways that may be regulated by cordycepin. After treatment with cordycepin, the expression levels of ERK1/2, phosphorylated ERK1/2 and β-catenin were significantly downregulated. Therefore, cordycepin may be a novel candidate for NPC treatment or a co-treatment candidate with cisplatin in chemotherapy.
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Radhi M, Ashraf S, Lawrence S, Tranholm AA, Wellham PAD, Hafeez A, Khamis AS, Thomas R, McWilliams D, de Moor CH. A Systematic Review of the Biological Effects of Cordycepin. Molecules 2021; 26:5886. [PMID: 34641429 PMCID: PMC8510467 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26195886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We conducted a systematic review of the literature on the effects of cordycepin on cell survival and proliferation, inflammation, signal transduction and animal models. A total of 1204 publications on cordycepin were found by the cut-off date of 1 February 2021. After application of the exclusion criteria, 791 papers remained. These were read and data on the chosen subjects were extracted. We found 192 papers on the effects of cordycepin on cell survival and proliferation and calculated a median inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 135 µM. Cordycepin consistently repressed cell migration (26 papers) and cellular inflammation (53 papers). Evaluation of 76 papers on signal transduction indicated consistently reduced PI3K/mTOR/AKT and ERK signalling and activation of AMPK. In contrast, the effects of cordycepin on the p38 and Jun kinases were variable, as were the effects on cell cycle arrest (53 papers), suggesting these are cell-specific responses. The examination of 150 animal studies indicated that purified cordycepin has many potential therapeutic effects, including the reduction of tumour growth (37 papers), repression of pain and inflammation (9 papers), protecting brain function (11 papers), improvement of respiratory and cardiac conditions (8 and 19 papers) and amelioration of metabolic disorders (8 papers). Nearly all these data are consistent with cordycepin mediating its therapeutic effects through activating AMPK, inhibiting PI3K/mTOR/AKT and repressing the inflammatory response. We conclude that cordycepin has excellent potential as a lead for drug development, especially for age-related diseases. In addition, we discuss the remaining issues around the mechanism of action, toxicity and biodistribution of cordycepin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masar Radhi
- Pain Centre Versus Arthritis, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (M.R.); (A.A.T.); (D.M.)
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (S.L.); (P.A.D.W.); (A.H.); (A.S.K.)
| | - Sadaf Ashraf
- Aberdeen Centre for Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Health, Institute of Medical Sciences, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK;
| | - Steven Lawrence
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (S.L.); (P.A.D.W.); (A.H.); (A.S.K.)
| | - Asta Arendt Tranholm
- Pain Centre Versus Arthritis, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (M.R.); (A.A.T.); (D.M.)
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (S.L.); (P.A.D.W.); (A.H.); (A.S.K.)
| | - Peter Arthur David Wellham
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (S.L.); (P.A.D.W.); (A.H.); (A.S.K.)
| | - Abdul Hafeez
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (S.L.); (P.A.D.W.); (A.H.); (A.S.K.)
| | - Ammar Sabah Khamis
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (S.L.); (P.A.D.W.); (A.H.); (A.S.K.)
| | - Robert Thomas
- The Primrose Oncology Unit, Bedford Hospital NHS Trust, Bedford MK42 9DJ, UK;
- Department of Oncology, Addenbrooke’s Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Daniel McWilliams
- Pain Centre Versus Arthritis, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (M.R.); (A.A.T.); (D.M.)
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Nottingham NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Cornelia Huiberdina de Moor
- Pain Centre Versus Arthritis, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (M.R.); (A.A.T.); (D.M.)
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (S.L.); (P.A.D.W.); (A.H.); (A.S.K.)
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Su NW, Chen YJ. Metronomic Therapy in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10132818. [PMID: 34206730 PMCID: PMC8269021 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10132818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Metronomic therapy is characterized by drug administration in a low-dose, repeated, and regular manner without prolonged drug-free interval. The two main anticancer mechanisms of metronomic therapy are antiangiogenesis and immunomodulation, which have been demonstrated in several delicate in vitro and in vivo experiments. In contrast to the traditional maximum tolerated dose (MTD) dosing of chemotherapy, metronomic therapy possesses comparative efficacy but greatlydecreases the incidence and severity of treatment side-effects. Clinical trials of metronomic anticancer treatment have revealed promising results in a variety cancer types and specific patient populations such as the elderly and pediatric malignancies. Oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC) is an important health issue in many areas around the world. Long-term survival is about 50% in locally advanced disease despite having high-intensity treatment combined surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. In this article, we review and summarize the essence of metronomic therapy and focus on its applications in OCSCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nai-Wen Su
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, No. 92, Sec. 2, Zhongshan N. Rd., Taipei City 10449, Taiwan;
- Department of Nursing, MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei City 112021, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jen Chen
- Department of Nursing, MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei City 112021, Taiwan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, No. 45, Minsheng Rd., Tamsui District, New Taipei City 25160, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-2809-4661
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Lee MJ, Lee JC, Hsieh JH, Lin MY, Shih IA, You HL, Wang K. Cordycepin inhibits the proliferation of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor cells through the p53/Sp1/tubulin pathway. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:1247-1266. [PMID: 33948356 PMCID: PMC8085885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is one of the most common hereditary neurocutaneous disorders. In addition to skin pigmentation and cutaneous neurofibroma, some patients developed the plexiform neurofibroma since birth. Plexiform neurofibroma has abundant Schwann cells, fibroblasts, mast cells, blood vessels, and connective tissues, which increases the risk of developing a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST). MPNST is a highly invasive cancer with no effective therapeutic agent. Cordycepin or 3'-deoxyadenosine is an extract from cordyceps militaris, which has been reported as an anti-inflammation and anti-tumor agent. Herein, we evaluated cordycepin's anti-proliferative effect on MPNST cell lines both in vitro and in vivo. Cordycepin inhibited the MPNST cell growth with an arrest of cell cycle at G2/M and S phases. The administration of naringin and pentostatin, inhibitors for adenosine deaminase (ADA), enzyme responsible for cordycepin degradation, did not show a synergistic effect in MPNST cells treated with cordycepin. However, the combined treatment enhanced the decrease of tumors in xenograft mouse model. Immunoblotting showed a decreased level of p53 protein in all MPNST cell lines, but S462TY cells. After cordycepin treatment, the levels of ERK, survivin, pAKT, and Sp1 proteins also decreased. The level of tubulin, but not actin or GAPDH, decreased in a dose-dependent manner. The microtubule network which is composed of tubulins was markedly decomposed in those treated MPNST cells. To elucidate the epigenetic control of transcription, ChIP-qPCR assay of the Sp1 and tubulin promoter regions revealed decreased Sp1 binding. The incorporation of 3'-doexyadenosine is detrimental for the process of poly(A) tail elongation. The poly(A) tail length assay showed the tail length in Sp1 and tubulin transcripts decreased in the treated cells. Nevertheless, the administration of SP1 protein to the treated cells could not rescue them completely. Furthermore, the p53-knocked-down cells (S462TY) where the expression of both p53 and Sp1 was suppressed, were vulnerable to cordycepin. The p53 protein could ameliorate the effect. In summary, cordycepin is effective to inhibit the growth of MPNST, probably through the pathway of p53/Sp1/tubulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Jen Lee
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of MedicineTaipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Yunlin BranchYunlin, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jen-Chieh Lee
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of MedicineTaipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jung-Hsien Hsieh
- Department of Plastic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of MedicineTaipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - May-Yao Lin
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of MedicineTaipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - I-An Shih
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of MedicineTaipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Huey-Ling You
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of MedicineTaipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Kai Wang
- Institute for Systems BiologySeattle, Washington, USA
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Raviraj R, Nagaraja SS, Selvakumar I, Mohan S, Nagarajan D. The epigenetics of brain tumors and its modulation during radiation: A review. Life Sci 2020; 256:117974. [PMID: 32553924 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The brain tumor is the abnormal growth of heterogeneous cells around the central nervous system and spinal cord. Most clinically prominent brain tumors affecting both adult and pediatric are glioblastoma, medulloblastoma, and ependymoma and they are classified according to their origin of tissue. Chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery are important treatments available to date. However, these treatments fail due to multiple reasons, including chemoresistance and radiation resistance of cancer cells. Thus, there is a need of new therapeutic designs to target cell signaling and molecular events which are responsible for this resistance. Recently epigenetic changes received increased attention because it helps in understanding chromatin-mediated disease mechanism. The epigenetic modification alters chromatin structure that affects the docking site of many drugs which cause chemo-resistance of cancer therapy. This review centers the mechanism of how epigenetic changes affect the transcription repression and activation of various genes including Polycomb gene, V-Myc avian myelocytomatosis viral oncogene (MYCN). This review also put forth the pathway of radiation-induced reactive oxygen species generation and its role in epigenetic changes in the cellular level and its impact on tissue physiology. Additionally, there is a strong relationship between the behavior of an individual and environment-induced epigenetic regulation of gene expression. The review also discusses Transcriptome heterogeneity and role of tumor microenvironment in glioblastoma. Overall, this review emphasis important and novel epigenetic targets that could be of therapeutic benefit, which helps in overcoming the unsolved chromatin alteration in brain cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghavi Raviraj
- Radiation Biology Lab, 206, ASK-II, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu 613401, India
| | - SunilGowda Sunnaghatta Nagaraja
- Radiation Biology Lab, 206, ASK-II, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu 613401, India
| | - Ilakya Selvakumar
- Radiation Biology Lab, 206, ASK-II, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu 613401, India
| | - Suma Mohan
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu 613401, India
| | - Devipriya Nagarajan
- Radiation Biology Lab, 206, ASK-II, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu 613401, India.
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Dewantari AA, Yongwattana N, Payongsri P, Seemakhan S, Borwornpinyo S, Ojida A, Wongkongkatep J. Fluorescence Detection of Deoxyadenosine in Cordyceps spp. by Indicator Displacement Assay. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25092045. [PMID: 32353945 PMCID: PMC7248813 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25092045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A rapid, sensitive and reliable indicator displacement assay (IDA) for specific detection of 2′- and 3′-deoxyadenosine (2′-dAde and 3′-dAde), the latter is also known as cordycepin, was established. The formation of inclusion complex between protonated acridine orange (AOH+) and cucurbit[7]uril (CB7) resulted in the hypochromic shift of fluorescent emission from 530 nm to 512 nm. Addition of cordycepin to the highly fluorescent AOH+/CB7 complex resulted in a unique tripartite AOH+/CB7/dAde complex with diminished fluorescence, and such reduction in emission intensity serves as the basis for our novel sensing system. The detection limits were 11 and 82 μM for 2′- and 3′-deoxyadenosine, respectively. The proposed method also demonstrated high selectivity toward 2′- and 3′-deoxyadenosine, owing to the inability of other deoxynucleosides, nucleosides and nucleotides commonly found in Cordyceps spp. to displace the AOH+ from the AOH+/CB7 complex, which was confirmed by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), UV-Visible and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy. Our method was successfully implemented in the analysis of cordycepin in commercially available Ophiocordyceps and Cordyceps supplements, providing a novel and effective tool for quality assessment of these precious fungi with several health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arinta Agnie Dewantari
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (A.A.D.); (N.Y.); (P.P.); (S.B.)
| | - Nattha Yongwattana
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (A.A.D.); (N.Y.); (P.P.); (S.B.)
| | - Panwajee Payongsri
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (A.A.D.); (N.Y.); (P.P.); (S.B.)
| | - Sawinee Seemakhan
- Excellent Center for Drug Discovery, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Suparerk Borwornpinyo
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (A.A.D.); (N.Y.); (P.P.); (S.B.)
- Excellent Center for Drug Discovery, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Akio Ojida
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan;
| | - Jirarut Wongkongkatep
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (A.A.D.); (N.Y.); (P.P.); (S.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-2201-5302
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13
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Khan MA, Tania M. Cordycepin in Anticancer Research: Molecular Mechanism of Therapeutic Effects. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:983-996. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666181001105749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Cordycepin is a nucleotide analogue from Cordyceps mushrooms,
which occupies a notable place in traditional medicine.
Objective:
In this review article, we have discussed the recent findings on the molecular aspects
of cordycepin interactions with its recognized cellular targets, and possible mechanisms
of its anticancer activity.
Methods:
We have explored databases like pubmed, google scholar, scopus and web of science
for the update information on cordycepin and mechanisms of its anticancer activity, and
reviewed in this study.
Results:
Cordycepin has been widely recognized for its therapeutic potential against many
types of cancers by various mechanisms. More specifically, cordycepin can induce apoptosis,
resist cell cycle and cause DNA damage in cancer cells, and thus kill or control cancer cell
growth. Also cordycepin can induce autophagy and modulate immune system. Furthermore,
cordycepin also inhibits tumor metastasis. Although many success stories of cordycepin in
anticancer research in vitro and in animal model, and there is no successful clinical trial yet.
Conclusion:
Ongoing research studies have reported highly potential anticancer activities of
cordycepin with numerous molecular mechanisms. The in vitro and in vivo success of cordycepin
in anticancer research might influence the clinical trials of cordycepin, and this molecule
might be used for development of future cancer drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Asaduzzaman Khan
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, The Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Mousumi Tania
- Molecular Cancer Research Division, Red-Green Research Center, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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14
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Lee CH. Reversal of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition by Natural Anti-Inflammatory and Pro-Resolving Lipids. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1841. [PMID: 31766574 PMCID: PMC6966475 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11121841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a key process in the progression of malignant cancer. Therefore, blocking the EMT can be a critical fast track for the development of anticancer drugs. In this paper, we update recent research output of EMT and we explore suppression of EMT by natural anti-inflammatory compounds and pro-resolving lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Hoon Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715, Korea
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15
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Cordycepin Enhances Radiosensitivity in Oral Squamous Carcinoma Cells by Inducing Autophagy and Apoptosis Through Cell Cycle Arrest. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215366. [PMID: 31661901 PMCID: PMC6862293 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide and accounts for over 90% of malignant neoplasms of the oral cavity, with a 5-year survival rate of less than 50%. The long-term survival rate of OSCC patients has not markedly improved in recent decades due to its heterogeneous etiology and treatment outcomes. We investigated the anticancer effect of the combination of irradiation (IR) and cordycepin in the treatment of human OSCC cells in vitro. The type of cell death, especially autophagy and apoptosis, and the underlying mechanisms were examined. We found synergistic effects of cordycepin and IR on the viability of human oral cancer cells. The combination of cordycepin and IR treatment induced apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and autophagic cell death. Furthermore, cordycepin induced S-phase arrest and prolonged G2/M arrest in the cells that received the combination treatment compared with those that received irradiation alone. Combined treatment induced the upregulation of ATG5 and p21 in an autophagy cascade-dependent manner, arrested the cell cycle in the G2/M phase, and repressed cell proliferation. Thus, we conclude that the combination of cordycepin and IR treatment could be a potential therapeutic strategy for OSCC.
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16
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Avila-Carrasco L, Majano P, Sánchez-Toméro JA, Selgas R, López-Cabrera M, Aguilera A, González Mateo G. Natural Plants Compounds as Modulators of Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:715. [PMID: 31417401 PMCID: PMC6682706 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a self-regulated physiological process required for tissue repair that, in non-controled conditions may lead to fibrosis, angiogenesis, loss of normal organ function or cancer. Although several molecular pathways involved in EMT regulation have been described, this process does not have any specific treatment. This article introduces a systematic review of effective natural plant compounds and their extract that modulates the pathological EMT or its deleterious effects, through acting on different cellular signal transduction pathways both in vivo and in vitro. Thereby, cryptotanshinone, resveratrol, oxymatrine, ligustrazine, osthole, codonolactone, betanin, tannic acid, gentiopicroside, curcumin, genistein, paeoniflorin, gambogic acid and Cinnamomum cassia extracts inhibit EMT acting on transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/Smads signaling pathways. Gedunin, carnosol, celastrol, black rice anthocyanins, Duchesnea indica, cordycepin and Celastrus orbiculatus extract downregulate vimectin, fibronectin and N-cadherin. Sulforaphane, luteolin, celastrol, curcumin, arctigenin inhibit β-catenin signaling pathways. Salvianolic acid-A and plumbagin block oxidative stress, while honokiol, gallic acid, piperlongumine, brusatol and paeoniflorin inhibit EMT transcription factors such as SNAIL, TWIST and ZEB. Plectranthoic acid, resveratrol, genistein, baicalin, polyphyllin I, cairicoside E, luteolin, berberine, nimbolide, curcumin, withaferin-A, jatrophone, ginsenoside-Rb1, honokiol, parthenolide, phoyunnanin-E, epicatechin-3-gallate, gigantol, eupatolide, baicalin and baicalein and nitidine chloride inhibit EMT acting on other signaling pathways (SIRT1, p38 MAPK, NFAT1, SMAD, IL-6, STAT3, AQP5, notch 1, PI3K/Akt, Wnt/β-catenin, NF-κB, FAK/AKT, Hh). Despite the huge amount of preclinical data regarding EMT modulation by the natural compounds of plant, clinical translation is poor. Additionally, this review highlights some relevant examples of clinical trials using natural plant compounds to modulate EMT and its deleterious effects. Overall, this opens up new therapeutic alternatives in cancer, inflammatory and fibrosing diseases through the control of EMT process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Avila-Carrasco
- Therapeutic and Pharmacology Department, Health and Human Science Research, Academic Unit of Human Medicine and Health Sciences, Autonomous University of Zacatecas, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Pedro Majano
- Molecular Biology Unit, Research Institute of University Hospital La Princesa (IP), Madrid, Spain
| | - José Antonio Sánchez-Toméro
- Department and Nephrology, Research Institute of University Hospital La Princesa (IP), Madrid, Spain.,Renal research network REDINREN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Selgas
- Research Institute of La Paz (IdiPAZ), University Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain.,Renal research network REDINREN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel López-Cabrera
- Renal research network REDINREN, Madrid, Spain.,Molecular Biology Research Centre Severo Ochoa, Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Abelardo Aguilera
- Molecular Biology Unit, Research Institute of University Hospital La Princesa (IP), Madrid, Spain.,Renal research network REDINREN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Guadalupe González Mateo
- Research Institute of La Paz (IdiPAZ), University Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain.,Renal research network REDINREN, Madrid, Spain.,Molecular Biology Research Centre Severo Ochoa, Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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17
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Therapeutic Potential and Biological Applications of Cordycepin and Metabolic Mechanisms in Cordycepin-Producing Fungi. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24122231. [PMID: 31207985 PMCID: PMC6632035 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24122231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cordycepin (3′-deoxyadenosine), a cytotoxic nucleoside analogue found in Cordyceps militaris, has attracted much attention due to its therapeutic potential and biological value. Cordycepin interacts with multiple medicinal targets associated with cancer, tumor, inflammation, oxidant, polyadenylation of mRNA, etc. The investigation of the medicinal drug actions supports the discovery of novel targets and the development of new drugs to enhance the therapeutic potency and reduce toxicity. Cordycepin may be of great value owing to its medicinal potential as an external drug, such as in cosmeceutical, traumatic, antalgic and muscle strain applications. In addition, the biological application of cordycepin, for example, as a ligand, has been used to uncover molecular structures. Notably, studies that investigated the metabolic mechanisms of cordycepin-producing fungi have yielded significant information related to the biosynthesis of high levels of cordycepin. Here, we summarized the medicinal targets, biological applications, cytotoxicity, delivery carriers, stability, and pros/cons of cordycepin in clinical applications, as well as described the metabolic mechanisms of cordycepin in cordycepin-producing fungi. We posit that new approaches, including single-cell analysis, have the potential to enhance medicinal potency and unravel all facets of metabolic mechanisms of cordycepin in Cordyceps militaris.
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18
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Metabolomic profiling reveals enrichment of cordycepin in senescence process of Cordyceps militaris fruit bodies. J Microbiol 2018; 57:54-63. [DOI: 10.1007/s12275-019-8486-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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19
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Su NW, Wu SH, Chi CW, Tsai TH, Chen YJ. Cordycepin, isolated from medicinal fungus Cordyceps sinensis, enhances radiosensitivity of oral cancer associated with modulation of DNA damage repair. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 124:400-410. [PMID: 30576710 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy (RT) is important for controlling oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), which is often accompanied by significant acute and late toxicities. We investigated whether cordycepin, a small molecule extracted from Cordyceps sinensis, could enhance the radiosensitivity of oral cancer cells. Using colony formation assay, we demonstrated that cordycepin induces radiosensitizing effects on two OSCC cells. DNA histogram analysis showed that cordycepin combined with RT prolonged the RT-induced G2/M phase arrest. It protracted the duration of DNA double strand breaks, which was detected by immunofluorescent staining of phosphorylated histone H2AX (γ-H2AX). The underlying molecular mechanism might involve the downregulation of protein expression related to DNA damage repair, including phosphorylated ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (p-ATM) and phosphorylated checkpoint kinase 2. Reciprocal upregulation of phosphorylated checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) expression was noted, and the radiosensitizing effect of cordycepin could be further augmented by Chk1 mRNA knockdown, indicating a compensatory DNA repair machinery involving phosphorylation of Chk1. In vivo, the combination of cordycepin and RT exhibited greater growth inhibition on xenografts and stronger apoptosis induction than RT alone, without exacerbating major toxicities. In conclusion, cordycepin increased the radiosensitivity of OSCC cells, which is associated with the modulation of RT-induced DNA damage repair machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nai-Wen Su
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, 11094, Taiwan; Institute of Tradition Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hua Wu
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, 25160, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wen Chi
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, 25160, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Hu Tsai
- Institute of Tradition Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National United University, Miaoli, 36063, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Jen Chen
- Institute of Tradition Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, 25160, Taiwan; Department of Radiation Oncology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, 25160, Taiwan; Research Center for Chinese Medicine and Acupuncture, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
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20
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Jeong JW, Park C, Cha HJ, Hong SH, Park SH, Kim GY, Kim WJ, Kim CH, Song KS, Choi YH. Cordycepin inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cell migration and invasion in human colorectal carcinoma HCT-116 cells through down-regulation of prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4. BMB Rep 2018. [PMID: 30269738 PMCID: PMC6235086 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2018.51.10.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), a major product of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), plays an important role in the carcinogenesis of many solid tumors, including colorectal cancer. Because PGE2 functions by signaling through PGE2 receptors (EPs), which regulate tumor cell growth, invasion, and migration, there has been a growing amount of interest in the therapeutic potential of targeting EPs. In the present study, we investigated the role of EP4 on the effectiveness of cordycepin in inhibiting the migration and invasion of HCT116 human colorectal carcinoma cells. Our data indicate that cordycepin suppressed lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-enhanced cell migration and invasion through the inactivation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 as well as the down-regulation of COX-2 expression and PGE2 production. These events were shown to be associated with the inactivation of EP4 and activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Moreover, the EP4 antagonist AH23848 prevented LPS-induced MMP-9 expression and cell invasion in HCT116 cells. However, the AMPK inhibitor, compound C, as well as AMPK knockdown via siRNA, attenuated the cordycepin-induced inhibition of EP4 expression. Cordycepin treatment also reduced the activation of CREB. These findings indicate that cordycepin suppresses the migration and invasion of HCT116 cells through modulating EP4 expression and the AMPK-CREB signaling pathway. Therefore, cordycepin has the potential to serve as a potent anti-cancer agent in therapeutic strategies against colorectal cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Woo Jeong
- Freshwater Bioresources Utilization Bureau, Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources, Sangju 17104, Korea
| | - Cheol Park
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Dongeui University, Busan 47340, Korea
| | - Hee-Jae Cha
- Department of Parasitology and Genetics, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan 49267, Korea
| | - Su Hyun Hong
- Department of Biochemistry, Dong-Eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 47227, Korea
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47340, Korea
| | - Shin-Hyung Park
- Department of Pathology, Dong-Eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 47227, Korea
| | - Gi-Young Kim
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
| | - Woo Jean Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan 49267, Korea
| | - Cheol Hong Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Sungkyunkwan University Samsung Changwon Hospital, Changwon 51353, Korea
| | - Kyoung Seob Song
- Department of Physiology, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan 49267, Korea
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, Dong-Eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 47227, Korea
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47340, Korea
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21
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Li X, Yin A, Zhang W, Zhao F, Lv J, Lv J, Sun J. Jam3 promotes migration and suppresses apoptosis of renal carcinoma cell lines. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:2923-2929. [PMID: 30226554 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
As a common type of renal cancer, renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has a high annual mortality rate. The incidence of RCC has been increasing in China and worldwide. A large number cases of RCC are diagnosed at late stages, often with local and/or systematic metastasis. Surgical resection of RCC is only suitable for a small number of patients with early stage tumors, and thus, novel therapeutic methods are required. Junctional adhesion molecule 3 (Jam3) is a member of the junctional adhesion molecule family, which has been linked to epithelial and cancer cell proliferation. The present study investigated whether the Jam3 gene affected RCC growth via proliferation and apoptosis. The expression and biological function of Jam3 in renal carcinoma cells was investigated. The mRNA and protein levels of Jam3 were examined by reverse transcription‑polymerase chain reaction and western blot analyses. The role of Jam3 in the migration and apoptosis of renal carcinoma cells was determined using small interfering RNA, wound‑healing assays, flow cytometry, and cell migration assays. In the cell migration assays, E‑cadherin, N‑cadherin, integrin β1, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‑2 proteins were detected by western blot analysis. It was shown that the expression of Jam3 was significantly elevated in human renal carcinoma cells compared with that in renal tubular epithelial cells. The knockdown of Jam3 inhibited renal carcinoma cell migration and promoted renal carcinoma cell apoptosis. It also increased the protein levels of E‑cadherin and reduced the protein levels of N‑cadherin, integrin β1 and MMP‑2. The inhibition of Jam3 promoted migration and suppressed apoptosis of renal carcinoma cells via regulation of the expression of E‑cadherin, N‑cadherin, integrin β1 and MMP‑2. Therefore, Jam3 was suggested as a novel target gene for the diagnosis and treatment of RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Li
- Department of Nephrology and Urinary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Aiping Yin
- Department of Nephrology and Urinary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Department of Nephrology and Urinary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Fei Zhao
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Jia Lv
- Department of Nephrology and Urinary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Jing Lv
- Department of Nephrology and Urinary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Jiping Sun
- Department of Nephrology and Urinary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
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22
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Zhang Y, Zhang XX, Yuan RY, Ren T, Shao ZY, Wang HF, Cai WL, Chen LT, Wang XA, Wang P. Cordycepin induces apoptosis in human pancreatic cancer cells via the mitochondrial-mediated intrinsic pathway and suppresses tumor growth in vivo. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:4479-4490. [PMID: 30122940 PMCID: PMC6078188 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s164670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cordycepin, the main active ingredient of a traditional Chinese herbal remedy - extracted from Cordyceps sinensis - has been demonstrated as a very effective anti-inflammatory and antitumor drug. The present study investigated its antitumor effect on pancreatic cancer, a highly aggressive cancer with extremely poor prognosis due to malignancy, and clarified its underlying mechanism both in vitro and in vivo. Methods The antitumor viability of cordycepin on human pancreatic cancer MIAPaCa-2 and Capan-1 cells was determined by colony formation assays. Annexin V/PI double staining and flow cytometry assay were used to investigate whether cordycepin induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. The mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) was analyzed by Rhodamine 123 staining, and expression of related proteins evaluated by Western blot and immunohistochemistry, both on pancreatic cancer cells and tumor xenografts to reveal the potential mechanism for the effect of cordycepin. Furthermore, the in vivo efficacy was examined on nude mice bearing MIAPaCa-2 cell tumors treated by intraperitoneal injection of cordycepin (0, 15, and 50 mg/kg/d) for 28 days. Results Cordycepin inhibited cell viability, proliferation and colony formation ability and induced cell cycle arrest and early apoptosis of human pancreatic cancer cells (MIAPaCa-2 and Capan-1) in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The same effect was also observed in vivo. Decrease of ΔΨm and upregulation of Bax, cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9, and cleaved PARP as well as downregulation of Bcl-2 both in vitro and in vivo indicated that the mitochondria-mediated intrinsic pathway was involved in cordycepin's antitumor effect. Conclusion Our data showed that cordycepin inhibited the activity of pancreatic cancer both in vitro and in vivo by regulating apoptosis-related protein expression through the mitochondrial pathway and suggest that cordycepin may be a promising therapeutic option for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China, .,Department of General Surgery, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Xi Zhang
- Shanghai Health Development Research Center, Shanghai 200040, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Yan Yuan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China, .,Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China, ,
| | - Tai Ren
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China, .,Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China, ,
| | - Zi Yu Shao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China, .,Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China, ,
| | - Hong Fei Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China, .,Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China, ,
| | - Wei Long Cai
- Department of General Surgery, Huzhou Central Hospital, Zhejiang 313000, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Tian Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China, .,Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China, ,
| | - Xu An Wang
- Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China, ,
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310006, People's Republic of China
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Anti-tumor and anti-metastatic roles of cordycepin, one bioactive compound of Cordyceps militaris. Saudi J Biol Sci 2018; 25:991-995. [PMID: 30108453 PMCID: PMC6088102 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2018.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Public interest in complementary and alternative medicine has been increased worldwide, due to its wide applications in cancer prevention and treatment. Cordycepin is one of the most common and crucial types of complementary and alternative medicine. Cordycepin (3′-deoxyadenosine), a derivative of adenosine, was first isolated from medicine drug Cordyceps militaris. Cordycepin has been widely used as one compound for antitumor, which has been found to exert antiangiogenic, anti-metastatic, and antiproliferative effects, as well as inducing apoptosis. However, the mechanism of its anti-tumor activity is not well known. This review will clarify anti-tumor mechanisms of Cordycepin, which regulate signaling pathways related with tumor growth and metastasis. Cordycepin inhibit tumor growth via upregulating tumor apoptosis, inducing cell cycle arrest and targeting cancer stem cells (CSCs). Cordycepin regulates tumor microenvironment via suppressing tumor metastasis-related pathways. Thus, Cordycepins may be one of important supplement or substitute medicine drug for cancer treatment.
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Cheng MF, Lin CS, Chen YH, Sung PJ, Lin SR, Tong YW, Weng CF. Inhibitory Growth of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cancer via Bacterial Prodigiosin. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:md15070224. [PMID: 28714874 PMCID: PMC5532666 DOI: 10.3390/md15070224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 07/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy drugs for oral cancers always cause side effects and adverse effects. Currently natural sources and herbs are being searched for treated human oral squamous carcinoma cells (OSCC) in an effort to alleviate the causations of agents in oral cancers chemotherapy. This study investigates the effect of prodigiosin (PG), an alkaloid and natural red pigment as a secondary metabolite of Serratia marcescens, to inhibit human oral squamous carcinoma cell growth; thereby, developing a new drug for the treatment of oral cancer. In vitro cultured human OSCC models (OECM1 and SAS cell lines) were used to test the inhibitory growth of PG via cell cytotoxic effects (MTT assay), cell cycle analysis, and Western blotting. PG under various concentrations and time courses were shown to effectively cause cell death and cell-cycle arrest in OECM1 and SAS cells. Additionally, PG induced autophagic cell death in OECM1 and SAS cells by LC3-mediated P62/LC3-I/LC3-II pathway at the in vitro level. These findings elucidate the role of PG, which may target the autophagic cell death pathways as a potential agent in cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Fang Cheng
- Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 10086, Taiwan.
- Division of Histology and Clinical Pathology, Hualian Army Forces General Hospital, Hualien 97144, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Shu Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 10086, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Hsin Chen
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 97401, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Marine Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Pingtung 94450, Taiwan.
| | - Ping-Jyun Sung
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 97401, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Marine Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Pingtung 94450, Taiwan.
- National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Pingtung 94450, Taiwan.
| | - Shian-Ren Lin
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 97401, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Wen Tong
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 97401, Taiwan.
| | - Ching-Feng Weng
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 97401, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Marine Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Pingtung 94450, Taiwan.
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