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M M, Patidar RK, Tiwari R, Srivastava N, Ranjan N. Nile Blue: A Red-Emissive Fluorescent Dye That Displays Differential Self-Assembly and Binding to G-Quadruplexes. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:9915-9925. [PMID: 37956021 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c05084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Nile Blue (NB) is a red-emissive dye that is well-known for imaging and staining applications. In this work, we describe the interaction of NB with various types of G-quadruplexes belonging to different topologies, molecularities, and conformations. Using spectroscopic techniques, we have determined the preferential binding of NB to c-Myc G-quadruplex and the other aspects of its binding. Concentration- and temperature-dependent studies showed that NB exists in a dynamic equilibrium between monomeric and H-aggregated states, which could be modulated by the addition of external agents such as anionic surfactants. NB displayed differential self-assembly with different types of G-quadruplex and duplex DNAs modulating its dynamic equilibrium between the monomeric and H-aggregated states. Fluorescence-based displacement studies revealed a 1:1 binding stoichiometry upon interaction with c-Myc G-quadruplex and an association constant of Kapp = 6.7 × 106 M-1. Circular dichroism studies indicated that NB does not cause changes in the overall conformation of either G-quadruplexes or duplexes; however, it does indicate nucleic acid-dependent self-assembly at higher concentrations. Heat capacity measurement showed a more negative change when compared to that in DNA duplex, indicating more burial of the polar surface area by NB to the G-quadruplex host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Midhun M
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli, New Transit Campus, Lucknow 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli, New Transit Campus, Lucknow 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar Patidar
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli, New Transit Campus, Lucknow 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ratnesh Tiwari
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli, New Transit Campus, Lucknow 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nidhi Srivastava
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli, New Transit Campus, Lucknow 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nihar Ranjan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli, New Transit Campus, Lucknow 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Sussardi AN, Turner GF, Richardson JG, Spackman MA, Turley AT, McGonigal PR, Jones AC, Moggach SA. Tandem High-Pressure Crystallography-Optical Spectroscopy Unpacks Noncovalent Interactions of Piezochromic Fluorescent Molecular Rotors. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:19780-19789. [PMID: 37649399 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c05444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
To develop luminescent molecular materials with predictable and stimuli-responsive emission, it is necessary to correlate changes in their geometries, packing structures, and noncovalent interactions with the associated changes in their optical properties. Here, we demonstrate that high-pressure single-crystal X-ray diffraction can be combined with high-pressure UV-visible absorption and fluorescence emission spectroscopies to elucidate how subtle changes in structure influence optical outputs. A piezochromic aggregation-induced emitter, sym-heptaphenylcycloheptatriene (Ph7C7H), displays bathochromic shifts in its absorption and emission spectra at high pressure. Parallel X-ray measurements identify the pressure-induced changes in specific phenyl-phenyl interactions responsible for the piezochromism. Pairs of phenyl rings from neighboring molecules approach the geometry of a stable benzene dimer, while conformational changes alter intramolecular phenyl-phenyl interactions correlated with a relaxed excited state. This tandem crystallographic and spectroscopic analysis provides insights into how subtle structural changes relate to the photophysical properties of Ph7C7H and could be applied to a library of similar compounds to provide general structure-property relationships in fluorescent organic molecules with rotor-like geometries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alif N Sussardi
- School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, U.K
| | - Gemma F Turner
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth 6009, Australia
| | | | - Mark A Spackman
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth 6009, Australia
| | - Andrew T Turley
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K
| | - Paul R McGonigal
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K
- School of Chemistry, The University of York, York YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Anita C Jones
- School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, U.K
| | - Stephen A Moggach
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth 6009, Australia
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Roy S, Kundu S, Saha S, Muddukrishnaiah K, Pramanik R, Biswas B. Visible light‐triggered Pyrazole‐Functionalized Reversible Ionophore for Selective Monitoring of Aluminium (III) ion. Appl Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suvojit Roy
- Department of Chemistry University of North Bengal Darjeeling India
| | - Subhankar Kundu
- Department of Chemistry University of North Bengal Darjeeling India
| | - Subhajit Saha
- Department of Chemistry University of North Bengal Darjeeling India
| | | | - Rajib Pramanik
- Department of Chemistry Berhampore Girls’ College Berhampore India
| | - Bhaskar Biswas
- Department of Chemistry University of North Bengal Darjeeling India
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Gouthaman S, Jayaraj A, Sugunalakshmi M, Sivaraman G, P CAS. Supramolecular self-assembly mediated aggregation-induced emission of fluorene-derived cyanostilbenes: multifunctional probes for live cell-imaging. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:2238-2250. [PMID: 35294959 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02322e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The first discovery of aggregation-induced emission (AIE), whereby luminogen aggregation plays a positive role in enhancing the light-emission efficiency, has piqued the interest of many researchers as it opens up a new avenue for the exploration of practically beneficial luminescent materials. Diverse AIE-active luminogens (or AIEgens) with tunable emission colours and very high quantum yields (up to unity) in the solid state have been extensively utilised in a broad range of fields including optoelectronics, energy and bioscience. In this article, we describe novel fluorene-based fluorogens that exhibit bright emission in the solid-state, mechanical stimuli-responsive optical properties and aggregation-induced emissive ability, and were able to modulate their donor and acceptor properties. The target compounds were synthesized by a Knoevenagel condensation followed by Suzuki cross-coupling reaction, which tends to result in good yields. The target cyanostilbenes (4a-4d) show different reversibly switched states with high contrast through morphology modulation and demonstrate solvatochromic, vapochromic, and AIE properties. These results strongly suggest that compound 4d has better properties than the other derivatives (4a-c) due to the presence of extended donor-acceptor ability. Moreover, density-functional theory (DFT) calculations strongly support the UV-Vis and fluorescence spectral studies. The formation of nano-flakes and cuboid-shaped nanocrystals was further confirmed by FE-SEM and AFM studies. The synthesized compound 4d displayed very bright emission in the solid state and in the aggregate state as compared with the other derivatives (4a-4c). These results might be due to the presence of high-color contrast, which is an advantage for elucidation and overcomes the challenges exhibited in live-cell imaging applications. Moreover, an MTT assay on live A549 cells incubated with the target compound (4d) showed very low cytotoxicity even at high concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddan Gouthaman
- Organic Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Adyar, Chennai-600020, India. .,Department of Cellular Organization and Signaling, National Center for Biological Science-NCBS, Bangalore-560065, India
| | - Anjitha Jayaraj
- Main Group Organometallics Materials, Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis Lab, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Calicut, 673601, India.
| | - Madurai Sugunalakshmi
- Organic Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Adyar, Chennai-600020, India.
| | - Gandhi Sivaraman
- Department of Chemistry, Gandhigram Rural Institute-Deemed to be University, Gandhigram, 624032, Dindigul, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - Chinna Ayya Swamy P
- Main Group Organometallics Materials, Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis Lab, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Calicut, 673601, India.
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Li Y, Zhang Y, Zuo X, Lin Y. Organic photovoltaic electron acceptors showing aggregation-induced emission for reduced nonradiative recombination. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:5135-5138. [PMID: 33903871 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc01170g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We introduce a facile method to generate aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties in fused-ring electron acceptors through tetraphenylethylene decoration. Organic solar cells (OSCs) based on the AIE photovoltaic materials show decreased nonradiative energy loss during the energy conversion progress, with improvements in the open circuit voltage and device efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yihang Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. and Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Xia Zuo
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yuze Lin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Amitha GS, Rajan VK, Muraleedharan K, Vasudevan S. Novel 4,4′-Fluoresceinoxy Bisphthalonitrile Showing Aggregation-Induced Enhanced Emission and Fluorescence Turn off Behavior to Fe3+ Ions. J Fluoresc 2019; 29:279-291. [DOI: 10.1007/s10895-018-02338-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Goskulwad SP, Kobaisi MA, La DD, Bhosale RS, Ratanlal M, Bhosale SV, Bhosale SV. Supramolecular Chiral Helical Ribbons of Tetraphenylethylene-Appended Naphthalenediimide Controlled by Solvent and Induced by l
- and d
-Alanine Spacers. Chem Asian J 2018; 13:3947-3953. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201801421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Santosh P. Goskulwad
- Polymers and Functional Materials Division; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Hyderabad 500007 Telangana India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); Ghaziabad- 201002 India
| | - Mohammad Al Kobaisi
- School of Science; Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology; Swinburne University of Technology; Hawthorn Australia
| | - Duong Duc La
- Institute of Chemistry and Materials, Hoang Sam; Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Rajesh S. Bhosale
- Polymers and Functional Materials Division; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Hyderabad 500007 Telangana India
- Present Address: Department of Chemistry; Indrashil University, Kadi; Mehsana 382740 India
| | - Malavath Ratanlal
- Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry Division; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Hyderabad 500007 Telangana India
| | - Sidhanath V. Bhosale
- Polymers and Functional Materials Division; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Hyderabad 500007 Telangana India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); Ghaziabad- 201002 India
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Granchak VM, Sakhno TV, Korotkova IV, Sakhno YE, Kuchmy SY. Aggregation-Induced Emission in Organic Nanoparticles: Properties and Applications: a Review. THEOR EXP CHEM+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11237-018-9558-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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A Facile Approach towards Fluorescent Nanogels with AIE-Active Spacers. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:polym10070722. [PMID: 30960647 PMCID: PMC6403691 DOI: 10.3390/polym10070722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A facile and efficient approach for design and synthesis of organic fluorescent nanogels has been developed by using a pre-synthesized polymeric precursor. This strategy is achieved by two key steps: (i) precise synthesis of core⁻shell star-shaped block copolymers with crosslinkable AIEgen-precursor (AIEgen: aggregation induced emission luminogen) as pending groups on the inner blocks; (ii) gelation of the inner blocks by coupling the AIEgen-precursor moieties to generate AIE-active spacers, and thus, fluorescent nanogel. By using this strategy, a series of star-shaped block copolymers with benzophenone groups pending on the inner blocks were synthesized by grafting from a hexafunctional initiator through atom transfer radical copolymerization (ATRP) of 4-benzoylphenyl methacrylate (BPMA) or 2-(4-benzoylphenoxy)ethyl methacrylate (BPOEMA) with methyl methacrylate (MMA) and tert-butyldimethylsilyl-protected 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (ProHEMA) followed by a sequential ATRP to grow PMMA or PProHEMA. The pendent benzophenone groups were coupled by McMurry reaction to generate tetraphenylethylene (TPE) groups which served as AIE-active spacers, affording a fluorescent nanogel. The nanogel showed strong emission not only at aggregated state but also in dilute solution due to the strongly restricted inter- and intramolecular movement of TPE moiety in the crosslinked polymeric network. The nanogel has been used as a fluorescent macromolecular additive to fabricate fluorescent film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pucci
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale; Università di Pisa; Via Moruzzi 13 56124 Pisa Italy
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Synthesis, aggregation-induced emission and mechanochromism of a new carborane-tetraphenylethylene hybrid. J Organomet Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2018.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Albano G, Aronica LA, Biver T, Detti R, Pucci A. Tris
-Ethynylphenyl-amine Fluorophores: Synthesis, Characterisation and Test of Performances in Luminescent Solar Concentrators. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201800126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gianluigi Albano
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale; Università di Pisa; Via G. Moruzzi 13 56124 Pisa Italy
| | - Laura Antonella Aronica
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale; Università di Pisa; Via G. Moruzzi 13 56124 Pisa Italy
| | - Tarita Biver
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale; Università di Pisa; Via G. Moruzzi 13 56124 Pisa Italy
| | - Rebecca Detti
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale; Università di Pisa; Via G. Moruzzi 13 56124 Pisa Italy
| | - Andrea Pucci
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale; Università di Pisa; Via G. Moruzzi 13 56124 Pisa Italy
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