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Shagufta, Ahmad I, Nelson DJ, Hussain MI, Nasar NA. Potential of covalently linked tamoxifen hybrids for cancer treatment: recent update. RSC Med Chem 2024; 15:1877-1898. [PMID: 38911170 PMCID: PMC11187546 DOI: 10.1039/d3md00632h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a complex disease and the second leading cause of death globally, and breast cancer is still a leading cause of cancer death in women. Tamoxifen is the most commonly used drug for breast cancer (ER-positive) treatment and chemoprevention, saving the lives of millions of patients every year. In addition, the tamoxifen template has been explored extensively for the development of selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) applicable in breast cancer, osteoporosis, and postmenopausal symptom treatment. Numerous anticancer drugs, including tamoxifen, are in use, but the complexity and heterogeneous nature of cancer complicate the effect of conventional targeted drugs, leading to adverse reactions and resistance. One of the significant approaches to overcome these shortcomings is drug hybrids, generated by covalently linking two or more active pharmacophores. These drug hybrids are remarkably effective in acting on multiple drug targets with higher selectivity and specificity. In recent years, several tamoxifen hybrids have been discovered as potential candidates for cancer treatment. The review highlights the recent progress in developing anticancer hybrids, including organometallic, fluorescent, photocaged, and novel ligand-based tamoxifen hybrids. It also demonstrates the significance of merging various pharmacophores with tamoxifen to produce more potent, precise, and effective anticancer agents. The study offers valuable knowledge to researchers working on cancer research with the hope of enhancing drug potency and reducing drug toxicity to improve cancer patients' lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shagufta
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah Ras Al Khaimah United Arab Emirates
| | - Irshad Ahmad
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah Ras Al Khaimah United Arab Emirates
| | - Donna J Nelson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Oklahoma Norman Oklahoma USA
| | - Maheen Imtiaz Hussain
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah Ras Al Khaimah United Arab Emirates
| | - Noora Ali Nasar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah Ras Al Khaimah United Arab Emirates
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2
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Kaur K, Verma H, Gangwar P, Dhiman M, Jaitak V. Design, synthesis, in vitro and in silico evaluation of indole-based tetrazole derivatives as putative anti-breast cancer agents. RSC Med Chem 2024; 15:1329-1347. [PMID: 38665833 PMCID: PMC11042173 DOI: 10.1039/d3md00730h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
A series of new indole-tetrazole derivatives were designed and synthesized to develop potential anti-breast cancer agents. The compounds exhibited in vitro anti-proliferative activity against ER-α positive T-47D (IC50 = 3.82-24.43 μM), MCF-7 (IC50 = 3.08-22.65 μM), and ER-α negative MDA-MB-231 (IC50 = 7.69-19.4 μM) human breast cancer cell lines. Compounds 5d and 5f displayed significant anti-proliferative activity compared to bazedoxifene (IC50 = 14.23 ± 0.68 μM), with IC50 values of 10.00 ± 0.59 and 3.83 ± 0.74 μM, respectively, against the ER-α dominant T-47D cell line. Also, both compounds showed non-significant cytotoxicity against normal cells HEK-293. Further, the ER-α binding affinity of 5d and 5f was assessed through a fluorescence polarization-based competitive binding assay, where 5d and 5f have shown significant binding with IC50 = 5.826 and 110.6 nM, respectively, as compared to the standard drug bazedoxifene (IC50 = 339.2 nM). Western blot analysis confirmed that compound 5d reduced ER-α protein expression in T-47D cells, hindering its transactivation and signalling pathways. Additionally, a molecular docking study suggests that compounds 5d and 5f bind in such a fashion that induces conformational changes in the protein, culminating in their antagonistic effect. Pharmacokinetic profiles showed that the compounds possessed drug-like properties. Furthermore, molecular dynamics simulation studies establish the dynamic stability and conformational behaviour of the ER-α protein and ligand complex of both compounds. Additionally, 5d and 5f ensure biological feasibility as per their DFT analysis through HOMO-LUMO energy gap analysis. In conclusion, compounds 5d and 5f, exhibiting significant ER-α antagonistic activity, can act as potential lead compounds for anti-breast cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamalpreet Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab Ghudda Bathinda (Pb) 151401 India
| | - Harkomal Verma
- Department of Zoology, Central University of Punjab Ghudda Bathinda (Pb) 151401 India
| | - Prabhakar Gangwar
- Department of Zoology, Central University of Punjab Ghudda Bathinda (Pb) 151401 India
| | - Monisha Dhiman
- Department of Microbiology, Central University of Punjab Ghudda Bathinda (Pb) 151401 India
| | - Vikas Jaitak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab Ghudda Bathinda (Pb) 151401 India
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3
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Xin L, Min J, Hu H, Li Y, Du C, Xie B, Cheng Y, Deng X, Deng X, Shen K, Huang J, Chen CC, Guo RT, Dong C, Zhou HB. Structure-guided identification of novel dual-targeting estrogen receptor α degraders with aromatase inhibitory activity for the treatment of endocrine-resistant breast cancer. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 253:115328. [PMID: 37037140 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Drug resistance is a major challenge in conventional endocrine therapy for estrogen receptor (ER) positive breast cancer (BC). BC is a multifactorial disease, in which simultaneous aromatase (ARO) inhibition and ERα degradation may effectively inhibit the signal transduction of both proteins, thus potentially overcoming drug resistance caused by overexpression or mutation of target proteins. In this study, guided by the X-ray structure of a hit compound 30a in complex with ER-Y537S, a structure-based optimization was performed to get a series of multiacting inhibitors targeting both ERα and ARO, and finally a novel class of potent selective estrogen receptor degraders (SERDs) based on a three-dimensional oxabicycloheptene sulfonamide (OBHSA) scaffold equipped with aromatase inhibitor (AI) activity were identified. Of these dual-targeting SERD-AI hybrids, compound 31q incorporating a 1H-1,2,4-triazole moiety showed excellent ERα degradation activity, ARO inhibitory activity and remarkable antiproliferative activity against BC resistant cells. Furthermore, 31q manifested efficient tumor suppression in MCF-7 tumor xenograft models. Taken together, our study reported for the first time the highly efficient dual-targeting SERD-AI hybrid compounds, which may lay the foundation of translational research for improved treatment of endocrine-resistant BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilan Xin
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jian Min
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Hebing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Chuanqian Du
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Baohua Xie
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yan Cheng
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xiaofei Deng
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xiangping Deng
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Kang Shen
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Chun-Chi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Rey-Ting Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China.
| | - Chune Dong
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Hai-Bing Zhou
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China; Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (MOE) and Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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4
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Anticancer Drug Conjugates Incorporating Estrogen Receptor Ligands. Pharmaceutics 2022; 15:pharmaceutics15010067. [PMID: 36678697 PMCID: PMC9866829 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hormone-dependent cancers, such as certain types of breast cancer are characterized by over-expression of estrogen receptors (ERs). Anticancer drug conjugates combining ER ligands with other classes of anticancer agents may not only benefit from dual action at both anti-cancer targets but also from selective delivery of cytotoxic agents to ER-positive tumor cells resulting in less toxicity and adverse effects. Moreover, they could also take advantage of overcoming resistance typical for anti-hormonal monotherapy such as tamoxifen. In this review, we discuss the design, structures and pharmacological effects of numerous series of drug conjugates containing ER ligands such as selective ER modulators (tamoxifen, 4-hydroxytamoxifen, endoxifen), selective ER degraders (ICI-164384) and ER agonists (estradiol) linked to diverse anti-cancer agents including histone-deacetylase inhibitors, DNA-alkylating agents, antimitotic agents and epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors.
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Huang X, Chen Y, Zhong W, Liu Z, Zhang H, Zhang B, Wang H. Novel combretastatin A-4 derivative containing aminophosphonates as dual inhibitors of tubulin and matrix metalloproteinases for lung cancer treatment. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 244:114817. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Guo K, Ma X, Li J, Zhang C, Wu L. Recent advances in combretastatin A-4 codrugs for cancer therapy. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 241:114660. [PMID: 35964428 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
CA4 is a potent microtubule polymerization inhibitor and vascular disrupting agent. However, the in vivo efficiency of CA4 is limited owing to its poor pharmacokinetics resulting from its high lipophilicity and low water solubility. To improve the water solubility, CA4 phosphate (CA4P) has been developed and shows potent antivascular and antitumor effects. CA4P had been evaluated as a vascular disrupting agent in previousc linical trials. However, it had been discontinued due to the lack of a meaningful improvement in progression-free survival and unfavorable partial response data. Codrug is a drug design approach to chemically bind two or more drugs to improve therapeutic efficiency or decrease adverse effects. This review describes the progress made over the last twenty years in developing CA4-based codrugs to improve the therapeutic profile and achieve targeted delivery to cancer tissues. It also discusses the existing problems and the developmental prospects of CA4 codrugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerong Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Xin Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Jian Li
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Chong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Liqiang Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
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Xu Z, Xu J, Li S, Cui H, Zhang G, Ni X, Wang J. S-Equol enhances osteoblastic bone formation and prevents bone loss through OPG/RANKL via the PI3K/Akt pathway in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Front Nutr 2022; 9:986192. [PMID: 36337646 PMCID: PMC9633996 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.986192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to explore whether S-Equol delays diabetes-induced osteoporosis and the molecular mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effects. Materials and methods Thirty-five male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomized into five groups. The diabetic osteoporosis (DOP) group and three S-Equol treatment groups were intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin (STZ) to develop a DOP model. After the 12-week intervention, bone transformation indicators were detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit; bone mineral density (BMD) and bone microstructure were obtained using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and microCT; morphological changes in the bone tissue were investigated using HE staining; bone morphogenetic proteins were detected using immunohistochemical staining. ROS17/2.8 cells were cultured in vitro, and Cell Counting Kit-8 was used to test the protective effects of S-Equol in osteoblastic cells in a high-fat and high-glucose environment. Furthermore, the expression of osteoprotegerin (OPG), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL), estrogen receptor β(ERβ), phosphorylated Akt (pAKT)/protein kinase B (AKT), and osteocalcin (OC) in bone tissue and ROS17/2.8 cells was assessed using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blotting. To determine whether ERβ and phosphatidylinositol 3’ -kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling pathways are involved in the process, LY294002 (PI3K signaling pathway inhibitor) and small interfering RNA targeting ERβ mRNA (si-ERβ) were used to verify the function of the ERβ-mediated PI3K/AKT pathway in this process. Results After the 12-week intervention, S-Equol enhanced BMD, improved bone microarchitecture in DOP rats (P < 0.05), and improved markers of bone metabolism (P < 0.05). In vitro, 10–6 mmol/L S-Equol was selected to significantly protect osteoblasts from high- and high-glucose environments (P < 0.05). Gene expression of OPG, ERβ, pAKT/AKT, and OC was upregulated compared to the DOP group, and RANKL was downregulated compared to the DOP group (P < 0.05) both in bone tissue and osteoblastic cells. The promotion of OPG and pAKT/AKT is mediated by LY294002 and siERβ. Conclusion S-Equol binds to ERβ to regulate OPG/RANKL via the PI3K/AKT pathway and improve DOP. Our results demonstrate the potential role of S-Equol in the treatment of DOP by targeting ERβ. Thus, S-Equol may have the potential to be an adjuvant drug for treating DOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Xu
- Department of Nutrition, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Shuo Li
- Department of Nutrition, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Hanqiang Cui
- Department of Nutrition, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Guiming Zhang
- Department of Nutrition, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Xiangmin Ni
- Department of Nutrition, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Xiangmin Ni,
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Nutrition, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Jian Wang,
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8
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Yang L, Ma X, Guo K, Li J, Zhang C, Wu L. Dual-functional antitumor conjugates improving the anti-metastasis effect of combretastatin A4 by targeting tubulin polymerization and matrix metalloproteinases. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 238:114439. [PMID: 35551039 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study prepared different novel conjugates containing tubulin and MMP inhibitors and assessed their anticancer effects. Typically, the conjugate 15g, which contained combretastatin A4 (CA4) and 2-(4-((diethoxyphosphono)(o-tolyl)methylamino)phenyl)acetic acid (19g) connected by an ester bond, showed the maximum effect against proliferation. Particularly, the conjugate yielded a reduced IC50 value of 0.05 μM in controlling the proliferation of HepG2 cells compared to CA4 alone (0.09 μM). Systematic research indicated that 15g suppressed tubulin polymerization, induced cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase, led to reactive oxidative stress (ROS) generation of HepG2 cells, and resulted in apoptosis by the mitochondrial-dependent apoptotic pathway. Moreover, 15g showed a potent effect on resistant metastasis by decreasing the levels of the proteins MMP2 and MMP9 in the HepG2 cells. Therefore, this conjugate is a potentially effective approach to improve the anti-metastatic effect of CA4 with high safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Xin Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Kerong Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Jian Li
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Chong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Liqiang Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
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Mamnoon B, Feng L, Froberg J, Choi Y, Sathish V, Taratula O, Taratula O, Mallik S. Targeting Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Microtumors with Endoxifen-Conjugated, Hypoxia-Sensitive Polymersomes. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:27654-27667. [PMID: 34722965 PMCID: PMC8552235 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c02250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Endoxifen is the primary active metabolite of tamoxifen, a nonsteroidal-selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) and widely used medication to treat estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer. In this study, endoxifen was conjugated to the surface of polymeric nanoparticles (polymersomes) for targeted delivery of doxorubicin (DOX) to estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cells (MCF7). Rapid cell growth and insufficient blood supply result in low oxygen concentration (hypoxia) within the solid breast tumors. The polymersomes developed here are prepared from amphiphilic copolymers of polylactic acid (PLA) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) containing diazobenzene as the hypoxia-responsive linker. We prepared two nanoparticle formulations: DOX-encapsulated hypoxia-responsive polymersomes (DOX-HRPs) and endoxifen-conjugated, DOX-encapsulated hypoxia-responsive polymersomes (END-DOX-HRPs). Cellular internalization studies demonstrated eight times higher cytosolic and nuclear localization after incubating breast cancer cells with END-DOX-HRPs (targeted polymersomes) in contrast to DOX-HRPs (nontargeted polymersomes). Cytotoxicity studies on monolayer cell cultures exhibited that END-DOX-HRPs were three times more toxic to ER+ MCF7 cells than DOX-HRPs and free DOX in hypoxia. The cell viability studies on three-dimensional hypoxic cultures also demonstrated twice as much toxicity when the spheroids were treated with targeted polymersomes instead of nontargeted counterparts. This is the first report of surface-decorated polymeric nanoparticles with endoxifen ligands for targeted drug delivery to ER+ breast cancer microtumors. The newly designed endoxifen-conjugated, hypoxia-responsive polymersomes might have translational potential for ER+ breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Mamnoon
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota
State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58102, United States
| | - Li Feng
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota
State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58102, United States
| | - Jamie Froberg
- Department
of Physics, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58102, United States
| | - Yongki Choi
- Department
of Physics, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58102, United States
| | - Venkatachalem Sathish
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota
State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58102, United States
| | - Oleh Taratula
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Portland, Oregon 97201, United States
| | - Olena Taratula
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Portland, Oregon 97201, United States
| | - Sanku Mallik
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota
State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58102, United States
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Selyunin AS, Nieves-Merced K, Li D, McHardy SF, Mukhopadhyay S. Tamoxifen Derivatives Alter Retromer-Dependent Endosomal Tubulation and Sorting to Block Retrograde Trafficking of Shiga Toxins. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13060424. [PMID: 34203879 PMCID: PMC8232625 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13060424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Shiga toxin 1 and 2 (STx1 and STx2) undergo retrograde trafficking to reach the cytosol of cells where they target ribosomes. As retrograde trafficking is essential for disease, inhibiting STx1/STx2 trafficking is therapeutically promising. Recently, we discovered that the chemotherapeutic drug tamoxifen potently inhibits the trafficking of STx1/STx2 at the critical early endosome-to-Golgi step. We further reported that the activity of tamoxifen against STx1/STx2 is independent of its selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) property and instead depends on its weakly basic chemical nature, which allows tamoxifen to increase endolysosomal pH and alter the recruitment of retromer to endosomes. The goal of the current work was to obtain a better understanding of the mechanism of action of tamoxifen against the more disease-relevant toxin STx2, and to differentiate between the roles of changes in endolysosomal pH and retromer function. Structure activity relationship (SAR) analyses revealed that a weakly basic amine group was essential for anti-STx2 activity. However, ability to deacidify endolysosomes was not obligatorily necessary because a tamoxifen derivative that did not increase endolysosomal pH exerted reduced, but measurable, activity. Additional assays demonstrated that protective derivatives inhibited the formation of retromer-dependent, Golgi-directed, endosomal tubules, which mediate endosome-to-Golgi transport, and the sorting of STx2 into these tubules. These results identify retromer-mediated endosomal tubulation and sorting to be fundamental processes impacted by tamoxifen; provide an explanation for the inhibitory effect of tamoxifen on STx2; and have important implications for the therapeutic use of tamoxifen, including its development for treating Shiga toxicosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey S. Selyunin
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute for Neuroscience, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; (A.S.S.); (D.L.)
| | - Karinel Nieves-Merced
- Center for Innovative Drug Discovery, Department of Chemistry, University of Texas San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA;
| | - Danyang Li
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute for Neuroscience, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; (A.S.S.); (D.L.)
| | - Stanton F. McHardy
- Center for Innovative Drug Discovery, Department of Chemistry, University of Texas San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA;
- Correspondence: (S.F.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Somshuvra Mukhopadhyay
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute for Neuroscience, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; (A.S.S.); (D.L.)
- Correspondence: (S.F.M.); (S.M.)
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11
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Čoma M, Lachová V, Mitrengová P, Gál P. Molecular Changes Underlying Genistein Treatment of Wound Healing: A Review. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2021; 43:127-141. [PMID: 34067763 PMCID: PMC8929053 DOI: 10.3390/cimb43010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogen deprivation is one of the major factors responsible for many age-related processes including poor wound healing in postmenopausal women. However, the reported side-effects of estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) have precluded broad clinical administration. Therefore, selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) have been developed to overcome the detrimental side effects of ERT on breast and/or uterine tissues. The use of natural products isolated from plants (e.g., soy) may represent a promising source of biologically active compounds (e.g., genistein) as efficient alternatives to conventional treatment. Genistein as natural SERM has the unique ability to selectively act as agonist or antagonist in a tissue-specific manner, i.e., it improves skin repair and simultaneously exerts anti-cancer and chemopreventive properties. Hence, we present here a wound healing phases-based review of the most studied naturally occurring SERM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matúš Čoma
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia;
- Department of Biomedical Research, East-Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Inc., 040 11 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Veronika Lachová
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.L.); (P.M.)
| | - Petra Mitrengová
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.L.); (P.M.)
| | - Peter Gál
- Department of Biomedical Research, East-Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Inc., 040 11 Košice, Slovakia
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.L.); (P.M.)
- Laboratory of Cell Interactions, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia
- Prague Burn Center, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 100 34 Prague, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: ; Fax: +421-55-789-1613
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12
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Balewski Ł, Sączewski F, Bednarski PJ, Wolff L, Nadworska A, Gdaniec M, Kornicka A. Synthesis, Structure and Cytotoxicity Testing of Novel 7-(4,5-dihydro-1 H-imidazol-2-yl)-2-aryl-6,7-dihydro-2 H-imidazo[2,1- c][1,2,4]triazol-3(5 H)-Imine Derivatives. Molecules 2020; 25:E5924. [PMID: 33327611 PMCID: PMC7765142 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25245924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The appropriate 1-arylhydrazinecarbonitriles 1a-c are subjected to the reaction with 2-chloro-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole (2), yielding 7-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-2-aryl-6,7-dihydro-2H-imidazo[2,1-c][1,2,4]triazol-3(5H)-imines 3a-c, which are subsequently converted into the corresponding amides 4a-e, 8a-c, sulfonamides 5a-n, 9, ureas 6a-I, and thioureas 7a-d. The structures of the newly prepared derivatives 3a-c, 4a-e, 5a-n, 6a-i, 7a-d, 8a-c, and 9 are confirmed by IR, NMR spectroscopic data, as well as single-crystal X-ray analyses of 5e and 8c. The in vitro cytotoxic potency of these compounds is determined on a panel of human cancer cell lines, and the relationships between structure and antitumor activity are discussed. The most active 4-chloro-N-(2-(4-chlorophenyl)-7-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-6,7-dihydro-2H-imidazo[2,1-c][1,2,4]triazol-3(5H)-ylidene)benzamide (4e) and N-(7-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-2-(p-tolyl)-6,7-dihydro-2H-imidazo[2,1-c][1,2,4]triazol-3(5H)-ylidene)-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-sulfonamide (5l) inhibits the growth of the cervical cancer SISO and bladder cancer RT-112 cell lines with IC50 values in the range of 2.38-3.77 μM. Moreover, N-(7-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-2-phenyl-6,7-dihydro-2H-imidazo[2,1-c][1,2,4]triazol-3(5H)-ylidene)-4-phenoxybenzenesulfonamide (5m) has the best selectivity towards the SISO cell line and induces apoptosis in this cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Balewski
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Al. Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland; (F.S.); (A.N.); (A.K.)
| | - Franciszek Sączewski
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Al. Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland; (F.S.); (A.N.); (A.K.)
| | - Patrick J. Bednarski
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald, F.-L. Jahn Strasse 17, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany; (P.J.B.); (L.W.)
| | - Lisa Wolff
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald, F.-L. Jahn Strasse 17, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany; (P.J.B.); (L.W.)
| | - Anna Nadworska
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Al. Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland; (F.S.); (A.N.); (A.K.)
| | - Maria Gdaniec
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, ul. Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Anita Kornicka
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Al. Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland; (F.S.); (A.N.); (A.K.)
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13
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Mathieu G, Patel H, Lebel H. Convenient Continuous Flow Synthesis of N-Methyl Secondary Amines from Alkyl Mesylates and Epoxides. Org Process Res Dev 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.0c00193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gary Mathieu
- Department of Chemistry and Center in Green Chemistry and Catalysis (CGCC), Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Station Downtown, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Heena Patel
- Department of Chemistry and Center in Green Chemistry and Catalysis (CGCC), Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Station Downtown, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Hélène Lebel
- Department of Chemistry and Center in Green Chemistry and Catalysis (CGCC), Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Station Downtown, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
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14
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Pecyna P, Wargula J, Murias M, Kucinska M. More Than Resveratrol: New Insights into Stilbene-Based Compounds. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E1111. [PMID: 32726968 PMCID: PMC7465418 DOI: 10.3390/biom10081111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The concept of a scaffold concerns many aspects at different steps on the drug development path. In medicinal chemistry, the choice of relevant "drug-likeness" scaffold is a starting point for the design of the structure dedicated to specific molecular targets. For many years, the chemical uniqueness of the stilbene structure has inspired scientists from different fields such as chemistry, biology, pharmacy, and medicine. In this review, we present the outstanding potential of the stilbene-based derivatives. Naturally occurring stilbenes, together with powerful synthetic chemistry possibilities, may offer an excellent approach for discovering new structures and identifying their therapeutic targets. With the development of scientific tools, sophisticated equipment, and a better understanding of the disease pathogenesis at the molecular level, the stilbene scaffold has moved innovation in science. This paper mainly focuses on the stilbene-based compounds beyond resveratrol, which are particularly attractive due to their biological activity. Given the "fresh outlook" about different stilbene-based compounds starting from stilbenoids with particular regard to isorhapontigenin and methoxy- and hydroxyl- analogues, the update about the combretastatins, and the very often overlooked and underestimated benzanilide analogues, we present a new story about this remarkable structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Pecyna
- Department of Genetics and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, University of Medical Sciences, Swiecickiego 4 Street, 60-781 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Joanna Wargula
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6 Street, 60-780 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Marek Murias
- Department of Toxicology, University of Medical Sciences, Dojazd 30 Street, 60-631 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Malgorzata Kucinska
- Department of Toxicology, University of Medical Sciences, Dojazd 30 Street, 60-631 Poznan, Poland;
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15
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Abstract
The concept of a scaffold concerns many aspects at different steps on the drug development path. In medicinal chemistry, the choice of relevant "drug-likeness" scaffold is a starting point for the design of the structure dedicated to specific molecular targets. For many years, the chemical uniqueness of the stilbene structure has inspired scientists from different fields such as chemistry, biology, pharmacy, and medicine. In this review, we present the outstanding potential of the stilbene-based derivatives. Naturally occurring stilbenes, together with powerful synthetic chemistry possibilities, may offer an excellent approach for discovering new structures and identifying their therapeutic targets. With the development of scientific tools, sophisticated equipment, and a better understanding of the disease pathogenesis at the molecular level, the stilbene scaffold has moved innovation in science. This paper mainly focuses on the stilbene-based compounds beyond resveratrol, which are particularly attractive due to their biological activity. Given the "fresh outlook" about different stilbene-based compounds starting from stilbenoids with particular regard to isorhapontigenin and methoxy- and hydroxyl- analogues, the update about the combretastatins, and the very often overlooked and underestimated benzanilide analogues, we present a new story about this remarkable structure.
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16
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Moustafa MS, Mekheimer RA, Al-Mousawi SM, Abd-Elmonem M, El-Zorba H, Hameed AMA, Mohamed TM, Sadek KU. Microwave-assisted efficient one-pot synthesis of N 2-(tetrazol-5-yl)-6-aryl/heteroaryl-5,6-dihydro-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamines. Beilstein J Org Chem 2020; 16:1706-1712. [PMID: 32733614 PMCID: PMC7372238 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.16.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
An efficient one-pot synthesis of N 2-(tetrazol-5-yl)-6-aryl/heteroaryl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine derivatives was developed by reacting 5-amino-1,2,3,4-tetrazole with aromatic aldehydes and cyanamide in pyridine under controlled microwave heating with high yields. X-ray crystallography confirmed the structure of the obtained products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mohamed Abd-Elmonem
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Hesham El-Zorba
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt
| | | | | | - Kamal Usef Sadek
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
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17
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Oceguera-Basurto P, Topete A, Oceguera-Villanueva A, Rivas-Carrillo J, Paz-Davalos M, Quintero-Ramos A, Del Toro-Arreola A, Daneri-Navarro A. Selective estrogen receptor modulators in the prevention of breast cancer in premenopausal women: a review. Transl Cancer Res 2020; 9:4444-4456. [PMID: 35117809 PMCID: PMC8797886 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-19-1956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The detection of premenopausal women at high risk of breast cancer is key to chemoprevention. Therapy with selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) induces a significant antiproliferative effect in estrogen receptor (ER) positive breast cancer. This review was designed according the guidelines of the 2009 PRISMA statement. Searching different databases, including PubMed, MedlinePlus, PLoS One, Cochrane Breast Cancer Specialized Register, Clinical Trials.gov and American Society of Clinical Oncology. From 168 records screened, 15 full text articles were assessed for eligibility and only 7 studies met the inclusion criteria. Three of the studies included analyzed changes in Ki-67 expression, revealing weaker expression after treatment with acolbifene and raloxifene (P<0.001). Three studies also analyzed the breast volume by magnetic resonance imagining (MRI) and demonstrate a significant difference after 1 year with raloxifene treatment (P=0.0017). Moreover, a 20% reduction in breast density was observed after a 2-year treatment with tamoxifen in premenopausal women. SERMs reduce the risk of developing breast cancer. The studies reviewed here demonstrate the modulation of Ki-67 expression and changes in breast density, suggesting an important preventive role for this group of drugs in prevention for premenopausal women at high risk of developing breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Oceguera-Basurto
- Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Antonio Topete
- Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | | | - Jorge Rivas-Carrillo
- Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | | | - Antonio Quintero-Ramos
- Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Alicia Del Toro-Arreola
- Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Adrián Daneri-Navarro
- Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
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18
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Kaur K, Jaitak V. Recent Development in Indole Derivatives as Anticancer Agents for Breast Cancer. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2020; 19:962-983. [PMID: 30864529 DOI: 10.2174/1871520619666190312125602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast Cancer (BC) is the second most common cause of cancer related deaths in women. Due to severe side effects and multidrug resistance, current therapies like hormonal therapy, surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy become ineffective. Also, the existing drugs for BC treatment are associated with several drawbacks such as poor oral bioavailability, non-selectivity and poor pharmacodynamics properties. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the development of more effective and safer anti BC agents. OBJECTIVE This article explored in detail the possibilities of indole-based heterocyclic compounds as anticancer agents with breast cancer as their major target. METHODS Recent literature related to indole derivatives endowed with encouraging anti BC potential is reviewed. With special focus on BC, this review offers a detailed account of multiple mechanisms of action of various indole derivatives: aromatase inhibitor, tubulin inhibitor, microtubule inhibitor, targeting estrogen receptor, DNA-binding mechanism, induction of apoptosis, inhibition of PI3K/AkT/NFkB/mTOR, and HDAC inhibitors, by which these derivatives have shown promising anticancer potential. RESULTS Exhaustive literature survey indicated that indole derivatives are associated with properties of inducing apoptosis and disturbing tubulin assembly. Indoles are also associated with the inhibition of NFkB/mTOR/PI3K/AkT and regulation of estrogen-mediated activity. Furthermore, indole derivatives have been found to modulate critical targets such as topoisomerase and HDAC. These derivatives have shown significant activity against breast cancer cells. CONCLUSION In BC, indole derivatives seem to be quite competent and act through various mechanisms that are well established in case of BC. This review has shown that indole derivatives can further be explored for the betterment of BC chemotherapy. A lot of potential is still hidden which demands to be discovered for upgrading BC chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamalpreet Kaur
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda (Pb) -151001, India
| | - Vikas Jaitak
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda (Pb) -151001, India
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19
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Guo WY, Zeng SMZ, Deora GS, Li QS, Ruan BF. Estrogen Receptor α (ERα)-targeting Compounds and Derivatives: Recent Advances in Structural Modification and Bioactivity. Curr Top Med Chem 2019; 19:1318-1337. [PMID: 31215379 DOI: 10.2174/1568026619666190619142504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer suffered by female, and the second highest cause of cancer-related death among women worldwide. At present, hormone therapy is still the main treatment route and can be divided into three main categories: selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), selective estrogen receptor downregulators (SERDs), and aromatase inhibitors (AIs). However, breast cancer is difficult to cure even after several rounds of anti-estrogen therapy and most drugs have serious side-effects. Here, we review the literature published over the past five years regarding the isolation and synthesis of analogs and their derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Yun Guo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Shang-Ming-Zhu Zeng
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Girdhar Singh Deora
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Qing-Shan Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Ban-Feng Ruan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
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20
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Hybrid cis-stilbene Molecules: Novel Anticancer Agents. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20061300. [PMID: 30875859 PMCID: PMC6471163 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The growing interest in anticancer hybrids in the last few years has resulted in a great number of reports on hybrid design, synthesis and bioevaluation. Many novel multi-target-directed drug candidates were synthesized, and their biological activities were evaluated. For the design of anticancer hybrid compounds, the molecules of stilbenes, aromatic quinones, and heterocycles (benzimidazole, imidazole, pyrimidine, pyridine, pyrazole, quinoline, quinazoline) were applied. A distinct group of hybrids comprises the molecules built with natural compounds: Resveratrol, curcumin, coumarin, and oleanolic acid. In this review, we present the studies on bioactive hybrid molecules of a well-known tubulin polymerization inhibitor, combretastatin A-4 and its analogs with other pharmacologically active entities. The mechanism of anticancer activity of selected hybrids is discussed considering the structure-activity relationship.
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21
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Tabuchi Y, Taki M. Fluorescent "keep-on" type pharmacophore obtained from dynamic combinatorial library of Schiff bases. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:6713-6717. [PMID: 30099565 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1303-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We established a novel principle for fluorescence detection of a target protein. A low-molecular-weight fluorescent pharmacophore, as a targeted probe, was selected from a dynamic combinatorial library of Schiff bases. The pharmacophore retains its fluorescence when bound to the hydrophobic site of the target, whereas it loses it because of hydrolysis when unbound. Graphical abstract We describe a novel concept for detection of a target protein (i.e., HSA) by using a keep-on-type fluorescent pharmacophore which is discovered from a dynamic combinatorial library of Schiff bases. When the target is absent, the keep-on-pharmacophore is degraded by hydrolysis, with the result that we can see no fluorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudai Tabuchi
- Department of Engineering Science, Bioscience and Technology Program, The Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications (UEC), 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo, 182-8585, Japan
| | - Masumi Taki
- Department of Engineering Science, Bioscience and Technology Program, The Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications (UEC), 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo, 182-8585, Japan.
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22
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Fáber L, Kováč I, Mitrengová P, Novotný M, Varinská L, Vasilenko T, Kello M, Čoma M, Kuruc T, Petrová K, Miláčková I, Kuczmannová A, Peržeľová V, Mižáková Š, Dosedla E, Sabol F, Luczy J, Nagy M, Majerník J, Koščo M, Mučaji P, Gál P. Genistein Improves Skin Flap Viability in Rats: A Preliminary In Vivo and In Vitro Investigation. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23071637. [PMID: 29973576 PMCID: PMC6100613 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23071637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) have been developed to achieve beneficial effects of estrogens while minimizing their side effects. In this context, we decided to evaluate the protective effect of genistein, a natural SERM, on skin flap viability in rats and in a series of in vitro experiments on endothelial cells (migration, proliferation, antioxidant properties, and gene expression profiling following genistein treatment). Our results showed that administration of genistein increased skin flap viability, but importantly, the difference is only significant when treatment is started 3 days prior the flap surgery. Based on our in vitro experiments, it may be hypothesized that the underlying mechanism may rather by mediated by increasing SOD activity and Bcl-2 expression. The gene expression profiling further revealed 9 up-regulated genes (angiogenesis/inflammation promoting: CTGF, CXCL5, IL-6, ITGB3, MMP-14, and VEGF-A; angiogenesis inhibiting: COL18A1, TIMP-2, and TIMP-3). In conclusion, we observed a protective effect of genistein on skin flap viability which could be potentially applied in plastic surgery to women undergoing a reconstructive and/or plastic intervention. Nevertheless, further research is needed to explain the exact underlying mechanism and to find the optimal treatment protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Fáber
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 11 Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Ivan Kováč
- Department of Biomedical Research, East-Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 040 11 Košice, Slovak Republic.
- nd Clinic of Surgery, Louis Pasteur University Hospital and Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 041 90 Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Petra Mitrengová
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Comenius University, Faculty of Pharmacy, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
| | - Martin Novotný
- Department of Biomedical Research, East-Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 040 11 Košice, Slovak Republic.
- Clinic of Infectology and Travel Medicine, Louis Pasteur University Hospital and Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 041 90 Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Lenka Varinská
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 11 Košice, Slovak Republic.
- Department of Biomedical Research, East-Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 040 11 Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Tomáš Vasilenko
- Department of Biomedical Research, East-Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 040 11 Košice, Slovak Republic.
- Clinic of Surgery, 1st Private Hospital Košice-Šaca and Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 15 Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Martin Kello
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 11 Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Matúš Čoma
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 11 Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Tomáš Kuruc
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 11 Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Klaudia Petrová
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 11 Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Ivana Miláčková
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Comenius University, Faculty of Pharmacy, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
| | - Anika Kuczmannová
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Comenius University, Faculty of Pharmacy, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
| | - Vlasta Peržeľová
- Department of Biomedical Research, East-Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 040 11 Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Štefánia Mižáková
- Clinic of Heart Surgery, East-Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases and Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 11 Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Erik Dosedla
- st Private Hospital Košice-Šaca and Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 15 Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - František Sabol
- Clinic of Heart Surgery, East-Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases and Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 11 Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Ján Luczy
- Clinic of Heart Surgery, East-Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases and Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 11 Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Milan Nagy
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Comenius University, Faculty of Pharmacy, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
| | - Jaroslav Majerník
- Department of Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 11 Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Martin Koščo
- Clinic of Angiology, East-Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases and Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 04011 Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Pavel Mučaji
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Comenius University, Faculty of Pharmacy, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
| | - Peter Gál
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 11 Košice, Slovak Republic.
- Department of Biomedical Research, East-Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 040 11 Košice, Slovak Republic.
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Comenius University, Faculty of Pharmacy, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
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23
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Makowska A, Sączewski F, Bednarski PJ, Sączewski J, Balewski Ł. Hybrid Molecules Composed of 2,4-Diamino-1,3,5-triazines and 2-Imino-Coumarins and Coumarins. Synthesis and Cytotoxic Properties. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23071616. [PMID: 29970833 PMCID: PMC6099606 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23071616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of 2-imino-2H-chromen-3-yl-1,3,5-triazine compounds 5⁻12, which are namely hybrids of 2,4-diamino-1,3,5-triazines and 2-imino-coumarins, was synthesized by reacting 2-(4,6-diamine-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)acetonitriles 1⁻4 with 2-hydroxybenzaldehydes. After this, upon heating in aqueous DMF, 2-imino-2H-chromen-3-yl-1,3,5-triazines 10 and 12 were converted into the corresponding 2H-chromen-3-yl-1,3,5-triazines 13 and 14, which are essentially hybrids of 2,4-diamino-1,3,5-triazines and coumarins. The in vitro anticancer activity of the newly prepared compounds was evaluated against five human cancer cell lines: DAN-G, A-427, LCLC-103H, SISO and RT-4. The greatest cytotoxic activity displayed 4-[7-(diethylamino)-2-imino-2H-chromen-3-yl]-6-(4-phenylpiperazin-1-yl)-1,3,5-triazin-2-amine (11, IC50 in the range of 1.51⁻2.60 μM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Makowska
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Franciszek Sączewski
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Patrick J Bednarski
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald, L.-F.-Jahn Str., D-17489 Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Jarosław Sączewski
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Łukasz Balewski
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland.
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Hasan M, Leak RK, Stratford RE, Zlotos DP, Witt‐Enderby PA. Drug conjugates-an emerging approach to treat breast cancer. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2018; 6:e00417. [PMID: 29983986 PMCID: PMC6032357 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer treatment using a single drug is associated with a high failure rate due, in part, to the heterogeneity of drug response within individuals, nonspecific target action, drug toxicity, and/or development of resistance. Use of dual-drug therapies, including drug conjugates, may help overcome some of these roadblocks by more selective targeting of the cancer cell and by acting at multiple drug targets rather than one. Drug-conjugate approaches include linking drugs to antibodies (antibody-drug conjugates), radionuclides (radioimmunoconjugates), nanoparticles (nanoparticle-drug conjugates), or to other drugs (drug-drug conjugates). Although all of these conjugates might be designed as effective treatments against breast cancer, the focus of this review will be on drug-drug conjugates because of the increase in versatility of these types of drugs with respect to mode of action at the level of the cancer cell either by creating a novel pharmacophore or by increasing the potency and/or efficacy of the drugs' effects at their respective molecular targets. The development, synthesis, and pharmacological characteristics of drug-drug conjugates will be discussed in the context of breast cancer with the hope of enhancing drug efficacy and reducing toxicities to improve patient quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmud Hasan
- Division of Pharmaceutical, Administrative, and Social SciencesDuquesne UniversityPittsburghPAUSA
| | - Rehana K. Leak
- Division of Pharmaceutical, Administrative, and Social SciencesDuquesne UniversityPittsburghPAUSA
| | | | - Darius P. Zlotos
- Department of Pharmaceutical ChemistryThe German University in CairoNew Cairo CityCairoEgypt
| | - Paula A. Witt‐Enderby
- Division of Pharmaceutical, Administrative, and Social SciencesDuquesne UniversityPittsburghPAUSA
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer InstituteUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA
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