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Hegde M, Girisa S, Naliyadhara N, Kumar A, Alqahtani MS, Abbas M, Mohan CD, Warrier S, Hui KM, Rangappa KS, Sethi G, Kunnumakkara AB. Natural compounds targeting nuclear receptors for effective cancer therapy. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2023; 42:765-822. [PMID: 36482154 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-022-10068-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Human nuclear receptors (NRs) are a family of forty-eight transcription factors that modulate gene expression both spatially and temporally. Numerous biochemical, physiological, and pathological processes including cell survival, proliferation, differentiation, metabolism, immune modulation, development, reproduction, and aging are extensively orchestrated by different NRs. The involvement of dysregulated NRs and NR-mediated signaling pathways in driving cancer cell hallmarks has been thoroughly investigated. Targeting NRs has been one of the major focuses of drug development strategies for cancer interventions. Interestingly, rapid progress in molecular biology and drug screening reveals that the naturally occurring compounds are promising modern oncology drugs which are free of potentially inevitable repercussions that are associated with synthetic compounds. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to draw our attention to the potential therapeutic effects of various classes of natural compounds that target NRs such as phytochemicals, dietary components, venom constituents, royal jelly-derived compounds, and microbial derivatives in the establishment of novel and safe medications for cancer treatment. This review also emphasizes molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways that are leveraged to promote the anti-cancer effects of these natural compounds. We have also critically reviewed and assessed the advantages and limitations of current preclinical and clinical studies on this subject for cancer prophylaxis. This might subsequently pave the way for new paradigms in the discovery of drugs that target specific cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mangala Hegde
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Sosmitha Girisa
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Nikunj Naliyadhara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Aviral Kumar
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Mohammed S Alqahtani
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
- BioImaging Unit, Space Research Centre, University of Leicester, Michael Atiyah Building, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Mohamed Abbas
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
- Electronics and Communications Department, College of Engineering, Delta University for Science and Technology, 35712, Gamasa, Egypt
| | | | - Sudha Warrier
- Division of Cancer Stem Cells and Cardiovascular Regeneration, School of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Bangalore, 560065, India
- Cuor Stem Cellutions Pvt Ltd, Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Bangalore, 560065, India
| | - Kam Man Hui
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, 169610, Singapore
| | | | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore.
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India.
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Ma TL, Chang KF, Huang XF, Lai HC, Hsiao CY, Tsai NM. Angelica sinensis extract induces telomere dysfunction, cell cycle arrest, and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in human glioblastoma cells. CHINESE J PHYSIOL 2023; 66:119-128. [PMID: 37322622 DOI: 10.4103/cjop.cjop-d-23-00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) is one of the most aggressive and malignant tumors of the central nervous system. Conventional treatment for GB requires surgical resection followed by radiotherapy combined with temozolomide chemotherapy; however, the median survival time is only 12-15 months. Angelica sinensis Radix (AS) is commonly used as a traditional medicinal herb or a food/dietary supplement in Asia, Europe, and North America. This study aimed to investigate the effect of AS-acetone extract (AS-A) on the progression of GB and the potential mechanisms underlying its effects. The results indicated that AS-A used in this study showed potency in growth inhibition of GB cells and reduction of telomerase activity. In addition, AS-A blocked the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase by regulating the expression of p53 and p16. Furthermore, apoptotic morphology, such as chromatin condensation, DNA fragmentation, and apoptotic bodies, was observed in AS-A-treated cells, induced by the activation of the mitochondria-mediated pathway. In an animal study, AS-A reduced tumor volume and prolonged lifespans of mice, with no significant changes in body weight or obvious organ toxicity. This study confirmed the anticancer effects of AS-A by inhibiting cell proliferation, reducing telomerase activity, altering cell cycle progression, and inducing apoptosis. These findings suggest that AS-A has great potential for development as a novel agent or dietary supplement against GB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Liang Ma
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Fu Chang
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Xiao-Fan Huang
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chih Lai
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital; Institute of Pharmacology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yen Hsiao
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Nu-Man Tsai
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University; Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung; Department of Life-and-Death Studies, Nanhua University, Chiayi, Taiwan
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Zhang L, Yan Q, Zhang W, Li X, Zhang X, Du S, Hua X, Lin J, Shu G, Peng G, Tan Z, Fu H. Enhancement of the functionality of attenuating acute lung injury by a microemulsion formulation with volatile oil of Angelicae Sinensis Radix and Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizoma encapsulated. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 156:113888. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Hsing MT, Hsu HT, Chang CH, Chang KB, Cheng CY, Lee JH, Huang CL, Yang MY, Yang YC, Liu SY, Yen CM, Yang SF, Hung HS. Improved Delivery Performance of n-Butylidenephthalide-Polyethylene Glycol-Gold Nanoparticles Efficient for Enhanced Anti-Cancer Activity in Brain Tumor. Cells 2022; 11:cells11142172. [PMID: 35883615 PMCID: PMC9325228 DOI: 10.3390/cells11142172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
n-butylidenephthalide (BP) has been verified as having the superior characteristic of cancer cell toxicity. Furthermore, gold (Au) nanoparticles are biocompatible materials, as well as effective carriers for delivering bio-active molecules for cancer therapeutics. In the present research, Au nanoparticles were first conjugated with polyethylene glycol (PEG), and then cross-linked with BP to obtain PEG-Au-BP nanodrugs. The physicochemical properties were characterized through ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and dynamic light scattering (DLS) to confirm the combination of PEG, Au, and BP. In addition, both the size and structure of Au nanoparticles were observed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), where the size of Au corresponded to the results of DLS assay. Through in vitro assessments, non-transformed BAEC and DBTRG human glioma cells were treated with PEG-Au-BP drugs to investigate the tumor-cell selective cytotoxicity, cell uptake efficiency, and mechanism of endocytic routes. According to the results of MTT assay, PEG-Au-BP was able to significantly inhibit DBTRG brain cancer cell proliferation. Additionally, cell uptake efficiency and potential cellular transportation in both BAEC and DBTRG cell lines were observed to be significantly higher at 2 and 24 h. Moreover, the mechanisms of endocytosis, clathrin-mediated endocytosis, and cell autophagy were explored and determined to be favorable routes for BAEC and DBTRG cells to absorb PEG-Au-BP nanodrugs. Next, the cell progression and apoptosis of DBTRG cells after PEG-Au-BP treatment was investigated by flow cytometry. The results show that PEG-Au-BP could remarkably regulate the DBTRG cell cycle at the Sub-G1 phase, as well as induce more apoptotic cells. The expression of apoptotic-related proteins in DBTRG cells was determined through Western blotting assay. After treatment with PEG-Au-BP, the apoptotic cascade proteins p21, Bax, and Act-caspase-3 were all significantly expressed in DBTRG brain cancer cells. Through in vivo assessments, the tissue morphology and particle distribution in a mouse model were examined after a retro-orbital sinus injection containing PEG-Au-BP nanodrugs. The results demonstrate tissue integrity in the brain (forebrain, cerebellum, and midbrain), heart, liver, spleen, lung, and kidney, as they did not show significant destruction due to PEG-Au-BP treatment. Simultaneously, the extended retention period for PEG-Au-BP nanodrugs was discovered, particularly in brain tissue. The above findings identify PEG-Au-BP as a potential nanodrug for brain cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Tai Hsing
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (M.-T.H.); (H.-T.H.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (J.-H.L.); (C.-L.H.)
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ting Hsu
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (M.-T.H.); (H.-T.H.)
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsuan Chang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (K.-B.C.)
| | - Kai-Bo Chang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (K.-B.C.)
| | - Chun-Yuan Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (J.-H.L.); (C.-L.H.)
| | - Jae-Hwan Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (J.-H.L.); (C.-L.H.)
| | - Chien-Li Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (J.-H.L.); (C.-L.H.)
| | - Meng-Yin Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan; (M.-Y.Y.); (Y.-C.Y.); (S.-Y.L.); (C.-M.Y.)
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
- College of Nursing, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung 406053, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chin Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan; (M.-Y.Y.); (Y.-C.Y.); (S.-Y.L.); (C.-M.Y.)
| | - Szu-Yuan Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan; (M.-Y.Y.); (Y.-C.Y.); (S.-Y.L.); (C.-M.Y.)
| | - Chun-Ming Yen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan; (M.-Y.Y.); (Y.-C.Y.); (S.-Y.L.); (C.-M.Y.)
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (M.-T.H.); (H.-T.H.)
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (S.-F.Y.); (H.-S.H.); Tel.: +886-4-24739595 (ext. 34253) (S.-F.Y.); +886-4-22052121 (ext. 7827) (H.-S.H.); Fax: +886-4-22333641 (H.-S.H.)
| | - Huey-Shan Hung
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (K.-B.C.)
- Translational Medicine Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (S.-F.Y.); (H.-S.H.); Tel.: +886-4-24739595 (ext. 34253) (S.-F.Y.); +886-4-22052121 (ext. 7827) (H.-S.H.); Fax: +886-4-22333641 (H.-S.H.)
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Chou YY, Chien JY, Ciou JW, Huang SP. The Protective Effects of n-Butylidenephthalide on Retinal Ganglion Cells during Ischemic Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042095. [PMID: 35216208 PMCID: PMC8877670 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinically, acute ischemic symptoms in the eyes are one of the main causes of vision loss, with the associated inflammatory response and oxidative stress being the key factors that cause injury. Nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) is the most common type of ischemic optic neuropathy (ION); however, there are still no effective or safe treatment options to date. In this study, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of n-butylidenephthalide (BP) treatment in an experimental NAION rodent model (rAION). BP (10 mg/kg) or PBS (control group) were administered on seven consecutive days in the rAION model. Rats were evaluated for visual function by flash visual evoked potentials (FVEPs) at 4 weeks after NAION induction. The retina and optic nerve were removed for histological examination after the rats were euthanized. The molecular machinery of BP treatment in the rAION model was analyzed using Western blotting. We discovered that BP effectively improves retinal ganglion cell survival rates by preventing apoptotic processes after AION induction and reducing the inflammatory response through which blood-borne macrophages infiltrate the optic nerve. In addition, BP significantly preserved the integrity of the myelin sheath in the rAION model, demonstrating that BP can prevent the development of demyelination. Our immunoblotting results revealed the molecular mechanism through which BP mitigates the neuroinflammatory response through inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway. Taken together, these results demonstrate that BP can be used as an exceptional neuroprotective agent for ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Yau Chou
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan; (Y.-Y.C.); (J.-W.C.)
| | - Jia-Ying Chien
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan;
| | - Jhih-Wei Ciou
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan; (Y.-Y.C.); (J.-W.C.)
| | - Shun-Ping Huang
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan; (Y.-Y.C.); (J.-W.C.)
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan;
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Taichung 472, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-3-8565-301 (ext. 2664)
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Tan W, Pan T, Wang S, Li P, Men Y, Tan R, Zhong Z, Wang Y. Immunometabolism modulation, a new trick of edible and medicinal plants in cancer treatment. Food Chem 2021; 376:131860. [PMID: 34971892 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The edible and medicinal plants (EMPs) are becoming an abundant source for cancer prevention and treatment since the natural and healthy trend for modern human beings. Currently, there are more than one hundred species of EMPs widely used and listed by the national health commission of China, and most of them indicate immune or metabolic regulation potential in cancer treatment with numerous studies over the past two decades. In the present review, we focused on the metabolic influence in immunocytes and tumor microenvironment, including immune response, immunosuppressive factors and cancer cells, discussing the immunometabolic potential of EMPs in cancer treatment. There are more than five hundred references collected and analyzed through retrieving pharmacological studies deposited in PubMed by medical subject headings and the corresponding names derived from pharmacopoeia of China as a sole criterion. Finally, the immunometabolism modulation of EMPs was sketch out implying an immunometabolic control in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Tingrui Pan
- Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Shengpeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China
| | - Peng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China
| | - Yongfan Men
- Research Laboratory of Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Rui Tan
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, China
| | - Zhangfeng Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China.
| | - Yitao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China.
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Jiang H, Li M, Du K, Ma C, Cheng Y, Wang S, Nie X, Fu C, He Y. Traditional Chinese Medicine for adjuvant treatment of breast cancer: Taohong Siwu Decoction. Chin Med 2021; 16:129. [PMID: 34857023 PMCID: PMC8638166 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-021-00539-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The high incidence of breast cancer is the greastest threat to women' health all over the world. Among them, HER-2 positive breast cancer has the characteristics of high malignancy, easy recurrence and metastasis, and poor prognosis. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a rich theoretical basis and clinical application for breast cancer. TCM believes that blood stasis syndrome is one of the important pathogenesis of breast formation and development. Taohong Siwu Decoction (TSHWD) is based on the "First Prescription of Gynecology" Siwu Decoction. It is widely used in various blood stasis and blood deficiency syndromes, mainly in gynecological blood stasis. Clinical studies have found that THSWD can treat breast cancer by reducing blood vessel and lymphangiogenesis with auxiliary chemotherapy. In this study, we aim to explore the material basis and mechanism of THSWD in the treatment of HER-2 positive breast cancer through literature review and network pharmacology studies. Through a literature review of the traditional application, chemical composition of Chinese herbal medicine of THSWD, as well as its clinical reports and pharmacological research on breast cancer treatment. Meanwhile, we conducted "component-pathway-target" network through network pharmacology reveals the main material basis, possible targets and pathways of THSWD in inhibiting HER-2 positive breast cancer. Literature review and network pharmacology research results had predicted that, baicalein, kaempferol, caffeic acid, amygdalin, quercetin, ferulic acid, gallic acid, catalpol, hydroxysafflor yellow A, paeoniflorin in THSWD are the main effective chemical composition. THSWD regulates 386 protein targets and 166 pathways related to breast cancer. The molecular mechanism is mainly to improve the microenvironment of tumor cells, regulate the process of tumor cell EMT, and inhibit tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. This study revealed the mechanism of action of THSWD in the treatment of HER-2 positive breast cancer through literature review and network pharmacology studies, providing a scientific basis for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huajuan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China
| | - Minmin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China
| | - Kequn Du
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China
| | - Chuan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanfen Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China
| | - Shengju Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China
| | - Chaomei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China
| | - Yao He
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China.
- Guizhou Yibai Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Guiyang, 550008, Guizhou, China.
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Askar MA, Thabet NM, El-Sayyad GS, El-Batal AI, Abd Elkodous M, El Shawi OE, Helal H, Abdel-Rafei MK. Dual Hyaluronic Acid and Folic Acid Targeting pH-Sensitive Multifunctional 2DG@DCA@MgO-Nano-Core-Shell-Radiosensitizer for Breast Cancer Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13215571. [PMID: 34771733 PMCID: PMC8583154 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13215571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In this study, we have developed CD44 and folate receptor-targeting multi-functional dual drug-loaded nanoparticles. This comprises hyaluronic acid (HA) and folic acid (FA) conjugated to 2-deoxy glucose (2DG) and a shell linked to a dichloroacetate (DCA) and magnesium oxide (MgO) core (2DG@DCA@MgO; DDM) to enhance the localized chemo-radiotherapy for effective breast cancer (BC) treatment. The physicochemical properties of nanoparticles including stability, selectivity, responsive release to pH, cellular uptake, and anticancer efficacy were comprehensively examined. Mechanistically, we identified multiple component signal pathways as important regulators of BC metabolism and mediators for the inhibitory effects exerted by DDM. Nanoparticles exhibited sustained DDM release properties in bio-relevant media, which was responsive to acidic pH providing edibility to the control of drug release from nanoparticles. DDM-loaded and HA–FA-functionalized nanoparticles exhibited increased selectivity and uptake by BC cells. Cell-based assays indicated that the functionalized DDM significantly suppressed cancer cell growth and boosted radiotherapy (RT) efficacy via inducing cell cycle arrest, enhancing apoptosis, and modulating glycolytic and OXPHOS pathways. Accordingly, the inhibition of glycolysis/OXPHOS by DDM and RT treatment may result in cancer metabolic reprogramming via a novel PI3K/AKT/mTOR/P53NF-κB/VEGF pathway in BC cells. Therefore, the dual targeting of glycolysis/OXPHOS pathways is suggested as a promising antitumor strategy. Abstract Globally, breast cancer (BC) poses a serious public health risk. The disease exhibits a complex heterogeneous etiology and is associated with a glycolytic and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) metabolic reprogramming phenotype, which fuels proliferation and progression. Due to the late manifestation of symptoms, rigorous treatment regimens are required following diagnosis. Existing treatments are limited by a lack of specificity, systemic toxicity, temporary remission, and radio-resistance in BC. In this study, we have developed CD44 and folate receptor-targeting multi-functional dual drug-loaded nanoparticles. This composed of hyaluronic acid (HA) and folic acid (FA) conjugated to a 2-deoxy glucose (2DG) shell linked to a layer of dichloroacetate (DCA) and a magnesium oxide (MgO) core (2DG@DCA@MgO; DDM) to enhance the localized chemo-radiotherapy for effective BC treatment. The physicochemical properties of nanoparticles including stability, selectivity, responsive release to pH, cellular uptake, and anticancer efficacy were thoroughly examined. Mechanistically, we identified multiple component signaling pathways as important regulators of BC metabolism and mediators for the inhibitory effects elicited by DDM. Nanoparticles exhibited sustained DDM release properties in a bio-relevant media, which was responsive to the acidic pH enabling eligibility to the control of drug release from nanoparticles. DDM-loaded and HA–FA-functionalized nanoparticles exhibited increased selectivity and uptake by BC cells. Cell-based assays revealed that the functionalized DDM significantly suppressed cancer cell growth and improved radiotherapy (RT) through inducing cell cycle arrest, enhancing apoptosis, and modulating glycolytic and OXPHOS pathways. By highlighting DDM mechanisms as an antitumor and radio-sensitizing reagent, our data suggest that glycolytic and OXPHOS pathway modulation occurs via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR/NF-κB/VEGFlow and P53high signaling pathway. In conclusion, the multi-functionalized DDM opposed tumor-associated metabolic reprogramming via multiple signaling pathways in BC cells as a promising targeted metabolic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa A. Askar
- Radiation Biology Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo 11787, Egypt; (N.M.T.); (M.K.A.-R.)
- Correspondence: (M.A.A.); (G.S.E.-S.); Tel.: +20-010-1704-8253 (M.A.A.)
| | - Noura M. Thabet
- Radiation Biology Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo 11787, Egypt; (N.M.T.); (M.K.A.-R.)
| | - Gharieb S. El-Sayyad
- Drug Microbiology Laboratory, Drug Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo 11787, Egypt;
- Correspondence: (M.A.A.); (G.S.E.-S.); Tel.: +20-010-1704-8253 (M.A.A.)
| | - Ahmed I. El-Batal
- Drug Microbiology Laboratory, Drug Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo 11787, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed Abd Elkodous
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Information Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi 441-8580, Japan;
| | - Omama E. El Shawi
- Health and Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo 11787, Egypt;
| | - Hamed Helal
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed K. Abdel-Rafei
- Radiation Biology Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo 11787, Egypt; (N.M.T.); (M.K.A.-R.)
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Nishino D, Kotake A, Yun CS, Rahman ANMI, El-Sharawy M, Yamanaka KI, Khandoker MAMY, Yamauchi N. Gene expression of bovine endometrial epithelial cells cultured in matrigel. Cell Tissue Res 2021; 385:265-275. [PMID: 33837849 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-021-03418-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Glandular epithelial cells (GE) in the endometrium are thought to support the elongation and survival of ruminant embryos by secreting histotrophs. In the present study, the gene expression of bovine endometrial epithelial cells cultured in matrigel was analyzed and examined whether it could be an in vitro model of GE. Bovine endometrial epithelial cells (BEE) and stromal cells (BES) were isolated from the slaughterhouse uteri and cultured in DMEM/F12 + 10% FBS. BEE showed the gland-like structure morphological changes when cultured in 15% matrigel but could not be identified in higher concentrations of the matrigel (30% or 60%). The expression of typical genes expressed in GE, SERPINA14 and GRP, was substantially high in matrigel-cultured BEE than in monolayer (P < 0.05). P4 and INFα have no significant effect on the SERPINA14 expression of BEE cultured in matrigel without co-culture with BES. On the other hand, when BEE were co-cultured with BES in matrigel culture, the expression of FGF13 was increased by the P4 treatment (P < 0.05). Furthermore, SERPINA14 and TXN expressions were increased by P4 + IFNα treatment (P < 0.05). These results demonstrate the appropriate conditions for BEE to form glandular structures in matrigel and the effect of co-culture with BES. The present study highlighted the possible use of matrigel for the culture of BEE to investigate the expression of cell-specific glandular epithelial genes as well as P4 and type-I IFN as factors controlling endometrial function during the implantation period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daichi Nishino
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Ai Kotake
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Chi Sun Yun
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Al-Nur Md Iftekhar Rahman
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.,Department of Animal Nutrition, Genetics and Breeding, Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Mohamed El-Sharawy
- Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt
| | | | - M A M Yahia Khandoker
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Nobuhiko Yamauchi
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
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10
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Lin H, Zhang X, Zhang X, Xia S. Identification of the metabolites of n-butylidenephthalide in rat and human liver microsomes by liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry. Biomed Chromatogr 2021; 35:e5115. [PMID: 33713459 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
n-Butylidenephthalide (NBDP) is one of the bioactive constituents originally isolated from Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. The aim of this study was to study the metabolic profiles of NBDP in rat and human liver microsomes. NBDP was individually incubated with liver microsomes of rat and human at 37°C for 1 h and the samples incubated were analyzed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography combined with high-resolution mass spectrometry. The identities of the metabolites were identified by accurate masses, product ions and retention times. Under the current conditions, a total of 14 metabolites were detected and identified. M12, M13 and M14 were biosynthesized and unambiguously characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. All the metabolites can be detected in rat liver microsomes, whereas in human liver microsomes, M1, M3, M4, M5, M6 and M7 were not detected. Our results demonstrated that the metabolic pathways of NBDP included hydroxylation, hydration, hydrolysis and glutathione conjugation. This study provides an overview of the metabolic profiles of NBDP in vitro, which is helpful to understand the action of this compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hairong Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiulan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiuqin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shixin Xia
- Department of Pharmacy, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
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11
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Chao J, Ko CY, Lin CY, Tomoji M, Huang CH, Chiang HC, Yang JJ, Huang SS, Su SY. Ethnobotanical Survey of Natural Galactagogues Prescribed in Traditional Chinese Medicine Pharmacies in Taiwan. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:625869. [PMID: 33679390 PMCID: PMC7928277 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.625869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural medicinal materials have been used to promote breast milk secretion. Here, we investigated the natural medicinal materials prescribed in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) pharmacies across Taiwan to induce lactation. We collected medicinal materials from 87 TCM pharmacies, identified them in the prescriptions, and analyzed their drug contents. We examined their botanical origins, biological classifications, traditional usage, and modern pharmacological properties. We used the TCM Inheritance Support System to identify core medicinal materials in galactogenous prescriptions. We collected 81 medicinal materials from 90 galactogenous prescriptions. Leguminosae accounted for 12%, whereas Apiaceae accounted for 7% of all materials examined. The primary medicinal plant parts used were roots and seeds. Nineteen frequently used medicinal materials had a relative frequency of citation of greater than or equal to 0.2. According to their efficacy, 58% were warm, 54% were sweet, and 63% were tonifying; 74% of the frequently used medicinal materials have been showed efficacy against breast cancer. The primary core medicinal material was Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels, whereas the secondary core medicinal materials were Tetrapanax papyrifer (Hook.) K. Koch and Hedysarum polybotrys Hand.-Mazz. Most galactogenous prescriptions consisted of multiple materials from Leguminosae and Apiaceae. The mechanisms underlying galactogenous efficacy warrant further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Chao
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yu Ko
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Yu Lin
- Institute of New Drug Development, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Tsuzuki Institute for Traditional Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Maeda Tomoji
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nihon Pharmaceutical University, Saitama, Japan.,Tsuzuki Institute for Traditional Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Hung-Che Chiang
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Jer Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shyh-Shyun Huang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shan-Yu Su
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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12
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Pesch AM, Pierce LJ, Speers CW. Modulating the Radiation Response for Improved Outcomes in Breast Cancer. JCO Precis Oncol 2021; 5:PO.20.00297. [PMID: 34250414 DOI: 10.1200/po.20.00297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea M Pesch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI.,Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Lori J Pierce
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI.,Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Corey W Speers
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI.,Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
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13
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Huang XF, Chang KF, Lin YL, Liao KW, Hsiao CY, Sheu GT, Tsai NM. Enhancement of cytotoxicity and induction of apoptosis by cationic nano-liposome formulation of n-butylidenephthalide in breast cancer cells. Int J Med Sci 2021; 18:2930-2942. [PMID: 34220320 PMCID: PMC8241786 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.51439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second most common malignancy in women. Current clinical therapy for breast cancer has many disadvantages, including metastasis, recurrence, and poor quality of life. Furthermore, it is necessary to find a new therapeutic drug for breast cancer patients to meet clinical demand. n-Butylidenephthalide (BP) is a natural and hydrophobic compound that can inhibit several tumors. However, BP is unstable in aqueous or protein-rich environments, which reduces the activity of BP. Therefore, we used an LPPC (Lipo-PEG-PEI complex) that can encapsulate both hydrophobic and hydrophilic compounds to improve the limitation of BP. The purpose of this study is to investigate the anti-tumor mechanisms of BP and BP/LPPC and further test the efficacy of BP encapsulated by LPPC on SK-BR-3 cells. BP inhibited breast cancer cell growth, and LPPC encapsulation (BP/LPPC complex) enhanced the cytotoxicity on breast cancer by stabilizing the BP activity and offering endocytic pathways. Additionally, BP and LPPC-encapsulated BP induced cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase and might trigger both extrinsic as well as intrinsic cell apoptosis pathway, resulting in cell death. Moreover, the BP/LPPC complex had a synergistic effect with doxorubicin of enhancing the inhibitory effect on breast cancer cells. Consequently, LPPC-encapsulated BP could improve the anti-cancer effects on breast cancer in vitro. In conclusion, BP exhibited an anti-cancer effect on breast cancer cells, and LPPC encapsulation efficiently improved the cytotoxicity of BP via an acceleration of entrapment efficiency to induce cell cycle block and apoptosis. Furthermore, BP/LPPC exhibited a synergistic effect in combination with doxorubicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fan Huang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Kai-Fu Chang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Ling Lin
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Kuang-Wen Liao
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan, ROC.,Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chih-Yen Hsiao
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chia-Yi, 60002, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Hospital and Health Care Administration, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, 71710, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Gwo-Tarng Sheu
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Nu-Man Tsai
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan, ROC.,Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan, ROC
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14
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Preparation, characterization and in vitro evaluation of resveratrol-loaded nanospheres potentially useful for human breast carcinoma. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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15
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Mancuso R, Pomelli CS, Chiappetta P, Gioia KF, Maner A, Marino N, Veltri L, Chiappe C, Gabriele B. Divergent Syntheses of (Z)-3-Alkylideneisobenzofuran-1(3H)-ones and 1H-Isochromen-1-ones by Copper-Catalyzed Cycloisomerization of 2-Alkynylbenzoic Acids in Ionic Liquids. J Org Chem 2018; 83:6673-6680. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Mancuso
- Laboratory of Industrial and Synthetic Organic Chemistry (LISOC), Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, Via Pietro Bucci 12/C, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
| | | | - Piera Chiappetta
- Laboratory of Industrial and Synthetic Organic Chemistry (LISOC), Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, Via Pietro Bucci 12/C, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Katia F. Gioia
- Laboratory of Industrial and Synthetic Organic Chemistry (LISOC), Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, Via Pietro Bucci 12/C, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Asif Maner
- Laboratory of Industrial and Synthetic Organic Chemistry (LISOC), Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, Via Pietro Bucci 12/C, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Nadia Marino
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, Via Pietro Bucci 14/C, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Lucia Veltri
- Laboratory of Industrial and Synthetic Organic Chemistry (LISOC), Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, Via Pietro Bucci 12/C, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Cinzia Chiappe
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Bartolo Gabriele
- Laboratory of Industrial and Synthetic Organic Chemistry (LISOC), Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, Via Pietro Bucci 12/C, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
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16
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Cui Q, Yang DH, Chen ZS. Special Issue: Natural Products: Anticancer and Beyond. Molecules 2018; 23:E1246. [PMID: 29882875 PMCID: PMC6099919 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23061246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Qingbin Cui
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA.
- School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, China.
| | - Dong-Hua Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA.
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA.
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