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Dalmau D, Urriolabeitia EP. Luminescence and Palladium: The Odd Couple. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062663. [PMID: 36985639 PMCID: PMC10054068 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The synthesis, photophysical properties, and applications of highly fluorescent and phosphorescent palladium complexes are reviewed, covering the period 2018–2022. Despite the fact that the Pd atom appears closely related with an efficient quenching of the fluorescence of different molecules, different synthetic strategies have been recently optimized to achieve the preservation and even the amplification of the luminescent properties of several fluorophores after Pd incorporation. Beyond classical methodologies such as orthopalladation or the use of highly emissive ligands as porphyrins and related systems (for instance, biladiene), new concepts such as AIE (Aggregation Induced Emission) in metallacages or in coordination-driven supramolecular compounds (CDS) by restriction of intramolecular motions (RIM), or complexes showing TADF (Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence), are here described and analysed. Without pretending to be comprehensive, selected examples of applications in areas such as the fabrication of lighting devices, biological markers, photodynamic therapy, or oxygen sensing are also here reported.
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Shaydullin RR, Galushko AS, Pentsak EO, Korshunov VM, Taydakov IV, Gordeev EG, Minyaev ME, Nasyrova DI, Ananikov VP. Yellow to blue switching of fluorescence by the tuning of the pentaphenylphosphole structure: phosphorus electronic state vs. ring conjugation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:25307-25315. [PMID: 36226548 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp03723h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The interaction between diphenylacetylene and dichlorophenylphosphine under various conditions is a simple method for the preparation of pentaphenylphosphole derivatives exhibiting fluorescence properties. Depending on the electronic state of the various centers of the phospholic structure, it was possible to obtain molecules with fluorescence, as in the blue area for 1,2,3,4,5-pentaphenyl-2,5-dihydro-phosphole-1-oxide (H2PPPO), in the yellow area for 1,2,3,4,5-pentaphenylphosphole-1-oxide (PPPO) and in the cyan area for 1,2,3,4,5-pentaphenylphosphole (PPP). The effect of the structure and π-conjugation on the optical properties of these compounds was studied using PPP derivatives as examples. Unusual changes in the optical properties of PPP derivatives in solution and in the crystalline state are explained. In the case of agglomeration of PPPO and PPP molecules, the effect of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) was observed to have weak fluorescence in solution and strong fluorescence in the aggregated state. However, for H2PPPO, the AIE effect remains mild. With the help of experimental studies, supported by theoretical calculations, the main mechanism of the optical properties of pentaphenylphosphole derivatives has been revealed. It was observed that the intramolecular motions of PPPO and PPP are more limited in the solid state than the motions of H2PPPO, which is associated with less conjugation of the phenyl rotors of H2PPPO. The analysis of the structure and distribution of electron density showed why hydrogenation of the phosphole ring leads to a sharp change in the optical properties of pentaphenylphosphole derivatives, while the oxidation of phosphorus does not lead to the disappearance of the AIE effect and to a lesser extent affects the change in the fluorescence wavelength. Thus, it was shown how the regulation of various structural features of the phospholic ring helps to control the optical properties of such compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruslan R Shaydullin
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Alexey S Galushko
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Evgeniy O Pentsak
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Vladislav M Korshunov
- Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Ilya V Taydakov
- Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Evgeniy G Gordeev
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Mikhail E Minyaev
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Darina I Nasyrova
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Valentine P Ananikov
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia.
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Orooji Y, Movahedi A, Liu Z, Asadnia M, Ghasali E, Ganjkhanlou Y, Razmjou A, Karimi-Maleh H, Kiadeh NTH. Luminescent film: Biofouling investigation of tetraphenylethylene blended polyethersulfone ultrafiltration membrane. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 267:128871. [PMID: 33308836 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Despite the huge contribution of membrane-based brine and wastewater purification systems in today's life, biofouling still affects sustainability of membrane engineering. Aimed at reducing membrane modules wastage, the need to study biofouling monitoring as one of contributory factors stemmed from the short time between initial attachment and irreversible biofoulant adhesion. Hence, a membrane for monitoring is introduced to determine the right cleaning time by using fluorescent sensing as a non-destructive and scalable approach. The classical solid-state emissive fluorophore, tetraphenylethylene (TPE), was introduced as a sustainable, safe and sensitive fluorescent indicator in order to show the potential of the method, and polyethersulfone (PES) and nonsolvent-induced phase separation method, the most popular material and method, are used to fabricate membrane in industry and academia. Since the employed filler has an aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristic, it can track the biofouling throughout the operation. The fabricated membranes have certain characterizations (i.e. morphology assessment, flux, antibiogram, flow cytometry, surface free energy, and protein adsorption) which indicate that hybrid membrane with 5 wt % of TPE has identical biofouling activity compared to neat PES membrane and its optimal luminescence properties make it an appropriate candidate for non-destructive and online biofouling monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasin Orooji
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, PR China; Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, PR China.
| | - Ali Movahedi
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, PR China
| | - Zhipeng Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, PR China; Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, PR China
| | - Mohsen Asadnia
- School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, 2109, Australia
| | - Ehsan Ghasali
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, PR China
| | - Yadolah Ganjkhanlou
- Department of Chemistry, NIS and INSTM Centers, Università di Torino, via P. Giuria 7, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Amir Razmjou
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater (CTWW), School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Australia
| | - Hassan Karimi-Maleh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Laboratory of Nanotechnology, Quchan University of Technology, Quchan, Islamic Republic of Iran; School of Resources and Environment, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Xiyuan Ave, P. O. Box 611731, Chengdu, PR China; Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, P. O. Box 17011, Johannesburg, 2028, South Africa.
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Howlader P, Mondal B, Purba PC, Zangrando E, Mukherjee PS. Self-Assembled Pd(II) Barrels as Containers for Transient Merocyanine Form and Reverse Thermochromism of Spiropyran. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:7952-7960. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b03946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prodip Howlader
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Bijnaneswar Mondal
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Prioti Choudhury Purba
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Ennio Zangrando
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - Partha Sarathi Mukherjee
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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