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Koltai T, Fliegel L. Dichloroacetate for Cancer Treatment: Some Facts and Many Doubts. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:744. [PMID: 38931411 PMCID: PMC11206832 DOI: 10.3390/ph17060744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Rarely has a chemical elicited as much controversy as dichloroacetate (DCA). DCA was initially considered a dangerous toxic industrial waste product, then a potential treatment for lactic acidosis. However, the main controversies started in 2008 when DCA was found to have anti-cancer effects on experimental animals. These publications showed contradictory results in vivo and in vitro such that a thorough consideration of this compound's in cancer is merited. Despite 50 years of experimentation, DCA's future in therapeutics is uncertain. Without adequate clinical trials and health authorities' approval, DCA has been introduced in off-label cancer treatments in alternative medicine clinics in Canada, Germany, and other European countries. The lack of well-planned clinical trials and its use by people without medical training has discouraged consideration by the scientific community. There are few thorough clinical studies of DCA, and many publications are individual case reports. Case reports of DCA's benefits against cancer have been increasing recently. Furthermore, it has been shown that DCA synergizes with conventional treatments and other repurposable drugs. Beyond the classic DCA target, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase, new target molecules have also been recently discovered. These findings have renewed interest in DCA. This paper explores whether existing evidence justifies further research on DCA for cancer treatment and it explores the role DCA may play in it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Koltai
- Hospital del Centro Gallego de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires 2199, Argentina
| | - Larry Fliegel
- Department of Biochemistry, University Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada;
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2
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Pan N, Zhang Y, Huang M, Liang Z, Gong Y, Chen X, Li Y, Wu C, Huang Z, Sun J. Lysosome-targeted ruthenium(II) complex encapsulated with pluronic ® F-127 induces oncosis in A549 cells. J Biol Inorg Chem 2024; 29:265-278. [PMID: 38189962 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-023-02039-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Transition metal complexes with characteristics of unique packaging in nanoparticles and remarkable cancer cell cytotoxicity have emerged as potential alternatives to platinum-based antitumor drugs. Here we report the synthesis, characterization, and antitumor activities of three new Ruthenium complexes that introduce 5-fluorouracil-derived ligands. Notably, encapsulation of one such metal complex, Ru3, within pluronic® F-127 micelles (Ru3-M) significantly enhanced Ru3 cytotoxicity toward A549 cells by a factor of four. To determine the mechanisms underlying Ru3-M cytotoxicity, additional in vitro experiments were conducted that revealed A549 cell treatment with lysosome-targeting Ru3-M triggered oxidative stress, induced mitochondrial membrane potential depolarization, and drastically reduced intracellular ATP levels. Taken together, these results demonstrated that Ru3-M killed cells mainly via a non-apoptotic pathway known as oncosis, as evidenced by observed Ru3-M-induced cellular morphological changes including cytosolic flushing, cell swelling, and cytoplasmic vacuolation. In turn, these changes together caused cytoskeletal collapse and activation of porimin and calpain1 proteins with known oncotic functions that distinguished this oncotic process from other cell death processes. In summary, Ru3-M is a potential anticancer agent that kills A549 cells via a novel mechanism involving Ru(II) complex triggering of cell death via oncosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanlian Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Dongguan People's Hospital, Dongguan, 523059, China
| | - Yuqing Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Minying Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Zhijun Liang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Yao Gong
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Xide Chen
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523710, China.
| | - Yuling Li
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Ciling Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Zunnan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Computer-Aided Drug Design of Dongguan City, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China.
| | - Jing Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China.
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523710, China.
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3
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Zhang Y, Sun M, Zhao H, Wang Z, Shi Y, Dong J, Wang K, Wang X, Li X, Qi H, Zhao X. Neuroprotective Effects and Therapeutic Potential of Dichloroacetate: Targeting Metabolic Disorders in Nervous System Diseases. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:7559-7581. [PMID: 38106446 PMCID: PMC10725694 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s439728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Dichloroacetate (DCA) is an investigational drug used to treat lactic acidosis and malignant tumours. It works by inhibiting pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase and increasing the rate of glucose oxidation. Some studies have documented the neuroprotective benefits of DCA. By reviewing these studies, this paper shows that DCA has multiple pharmacological activities, including regulating metabolism, ameliorating oxidative stress, attenuating neuroinflammation, inhibiting apoptosis, decreasing autophagy, protecting the blood‒brain barrier, improving the function of endothelial progenitor cells, improving mitochondrial dynamics, and decreasing amyloid β-protein. In addition, DCA inhibits the enzyme that metabolizes it, which leads to peripheral neurotoxicity due to drug accumulation that may be solved by individualized drug delivery and nanovesicle delivery. In summary, in this review, we analyse the mechanisms of neuroprotection by DCA in different diseases and discuss the causes of and solutions to its adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine in Colleges and Universities of Shandong Province, School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meiyan Sun
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine in Colleges and Universities of Shandong Province, School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongxiang Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine in Colleges and Universities of Shandong Province, School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhengyan Wang
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine in Colleges and Universities of Shandong Province, School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanan Shi
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine in Colleges and Universities of Shandong Province, School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianxin Dong
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine in Colleges and Universities of Shandong Province, School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kaifang Wang
- Department of Anesthesia, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xian, Shanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xingyue Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Qi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jinan Maternity and Child Care Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyong Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine in Colleges and Universities of Shandong Province, School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
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Mészáros JP, Kandioller W, Spengler G, Prado-Roller A, Keppler BK, Enyedy ÉA. Half-Sandwich Rhodium Complexes with Releasable N-Donor Monodentate Ligands: Solution Chemical Properties and the Possibility for Acidosis Activation. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020356. [PMID: 36839678 PMCID: PMC9964319 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer chemotherapeutics usually have serious side effects. Targeting the special properties of cancer and activation of the anticancer drug in the tumor microenvironment in situ may decrease the intensity of the side effects and improve the efficacy of therapy. In this study, half-sandwich Rh complexes are introduced, which may be activated at the acidic, extracellular pH of the tumor tissue. The synthesis and aqueous stability of mixed-ligand complexes with a general formula of [Rh(η5-Cp*)(N,N/O)(N)]2+/+ are reported, where (N,N/O) indicates bidentate 8-quinolate, ethylenediamine and 1,10-phenanthroline and (N) represents the releasable monodentate ligand with a nitrogen donor atom. UV-visible spectrophotometry, 1H NMR, and pH-potentiometry were used to determine the protonation constants of the monodentate ligands, the proton dissociation constants of the coordinated water molecules in the aqua complexes, and the formation constants of the mixed-ligand complexes. The obtained data were compared to those of the analogous Ru(η6-p-cymene) complexes. The developed mixed-ligand complexes were tested in drug-sensitive and resistant colon cancer cell lines (Colo205 and Colo320, respectively) and in four bacterial strains (Gram-positive and Gram-negative, drug-sensitive, and resistant) at different pH values (5-8). The mixed-ligand complexes with 1-methylimidazole displayed sufficient stability at pH 7.4, and their activation was found in cancer cells with decreasing pH; moreover, the mixed-ligand complexes demonstrated antimicrobial activity in Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including the resistant MRSA strain. This study proved the viability of incorporating releasable monodentate ligands into mixed-ligand half-sandwich complexes, which is supported by the biological assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- János P. Mészáros
- MTA-SZTE Lendület Functional Metal Complexes Research Group, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Correspondence: (J.P.M.); (É.A.E.)
| | - Wolfgang Kandioller
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Str. 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University of Vienna, Währinger Str. 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gabriella Spengler
- MTA-SZTE Lendület Functional Metal Complexes Research Group, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Health Center and Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Semmelweis utca 6, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Alexander Prado-Roller
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Str. 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University of Vienna, Währinger Str. 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard K. Keppler
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Str. 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University of Vienna, Währinger Str. 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Éva A. Enyedy
- MTA-SZTE Lendület Functional Metal Complexes Research Group, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Correspondence: (J.P.M.); (É.A.E.)
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5
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Hricovíni M, Owens RJ, Bak A, Kozik V, Musiał W, Pierattelli R, Májeková M, Rodríguez Y, Musioł R, Slodek A, Štarha P, Piętak K, Słota D, Florkiewicz W, Sobczak-Kupiec A, Jampílek J. Chemistry towards Biology-Instruct: Snapshot. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:14815. [PMID: 36499140 PMCID: PMC9739621 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The knowledge of interactions between different molecules is undoubtedly the driving force of all contemporary biomedical and biological sciences. Chemical biology/biological chemistry has become an important multidisciplinary bridge connecting the perspectives of chemistry and biology to the study of small molecules/peptidomimetics and their interactions in biological systems. Advances in structural biology research, in particular linking atomic structure to molecular properties and cellular context, are essential for the sophisticated design of new medicines that exhibit a high degree of druggability and very importantly, druglikeness. The authors of this contribution are outstanding scientists in the field who provided a brief overview of their work, which is arranged from in silico investigation through the characterization of interactions of compounds with biomolecules to bioactive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miloš Hricovíni
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Raymond J. Owens
- Structural Biology, The Rosalind Franklin Institute, Harwell Science Campus, UK, University of Oxford, Oxford OX11 0QS, UK
- Division of Structural Biology, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Andrzej Bak
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40 007 Katowice, Poland
| | - Violetta Kozik
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40 007 Katowice, Poland
| | - Witold Musiał
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Biophysics, Pharmaceutical Faculty, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50 556 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Roberta Pierattelli
- Magnetic Resonance Center and Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Magdaléna Májeková
- Center of Experimental Medicine SAS and Department of Biochemical Pharmacology, Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Yoel Rodríguez
- Department of Natural Sciences, Eugenio María de Hostos Community College, City University of New York, 500 Grand Concourse, Bronx, NY 10451, USA
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Robert Musioł
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40 007 Katowice, Poland
| | - Aneta Slodek
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40 007 Katowice, Poland
| | - Pavel Štarha
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, 17. listopadu 1192/12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Karina Piętak
- Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Cracow University of Technology, 37 Jana Pawła II Av., 31 864 Krakow, Poland
| | - Dagmara Słota
- Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Cracow University of Technology, 37 Jana Pawła II Av., 31 864 Krakow, Poland
| | - Wioletta Florkiewicz
- Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Cracow University of Technology, 37 Jana Pawła II Av., 31 864 Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Sobczak-Kupiec
- Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Cracow University of Technology, 37 Jana Pawła II Av., 31 864 Krakow, Poland
| | - Josef Jampílek
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
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6
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Hossain M, Roth S, Dimmock JR, Das U. Cytotoxic derivatives of dichloroacetic acid and some metal complexes. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2022; 355:e2200236. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202200236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shayne Roth
- School of Sciences Indiana University Kokomo Kokomo Indiana USA
| | - Jonathan R. Dimmock
- Drug Discovery and Development Research Cluster University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Saskatchewan Canada
| | - Umashankar Das
- Drug Discovery and Development Research Cluster University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Saskatchewan Canada
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Masaryk L, Muthná D, Halaš P, Zoufalý P, Peterová E, Havelek R, Drahoš B, Milde D, Mrkvicová A, Štarha P. Stability of a half-sandwich Os(II) complex with indomethacin-functionalized ligand in the presence of carboxypeptidase A. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:9213-9217. [PMID: 35670076 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01085b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In the presence of carboxypeptidase, the hydrolytically stable complex [Os(η6-pcym)(L2)Cl]PF6 (2) partially released the bioactive substituent indomethacin, bound through the amide bond to the chelating 2-(1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)pyridine-based moiety of L2. Stability in the presence of other relevant biomolecules (GSH, NADH, GMP) and cancer cell viability were also studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukáš Masaryk
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University in Olomouc, 17. listopadu 12, 77146 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Darina Muthná
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University in Prague, Šimkova 870, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Halaš
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University in Olomouc, 17. listopadu 12, 77146 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Pavel Zoufalý
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University in Olomouc, 17. listopadu 12, 77146 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Eva Peterová
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University in Prague, Šimkova 870, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Radim Havelek
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University in Prague, Šimkova 870, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Bohuslav Drahoš
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University in Olomouc, 17. listopadu 12, 77146 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - David Milde
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Mrkvicová
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University in Prague, Šimkova 870, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Štarha
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University in Olomouc, 17. listopadu 12, 77146 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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Andrezálová L, Országhová Z. Covalent and noncovalent interactions of coordination compounds with DNA: An overview. J Inorg Biochem 2021; 225:111624. [PMID: 34653826 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Deoxyribonucleic acid plays a central role in crucial cellular processes, and many drugs exert their effects through binding to DNA. Since the discovery of cisplatin and its derivatives considerable attention of researchers has been focused on the development of novel anticancer metal-based drugs. Transition metal complexes, due to their great diversity in size and structure, have a big potential to modify DNA through diverse types of interactions, making them the prominent class of compounds for DNA targeted therapy. In this review we describe various binding modes of metal complexes to duplex DNA based on covalent and noncovalent interactions or combination of both. Specific examples of each binding mode as well as possible cytotoxic effects of metal complexes in tumor cells are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Andrezálová
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 2, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia; Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Mlynská dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Zuzana Országhová
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 2, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia
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9
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Valente A, Podolski-Renić A, Poetsch I, Filipović N, López Ó, Turel I, Heffeter P. Metal- and metalloid-based compounds to target and reverse cancer multidrug resistance. Drug Resist Updat 2021; 58:100778. [PMID: 34403910 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2021.100778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Drug resistance remains the major cause of cancer treatment failure especially at the late stage of the disease. However, based on their versatile chemistry, metal and metalloid compounds offer the possibility to design fine-tuned drugs to circumvent and even specifically target drug-resistant cancer cells. Based on the paramount importance of platinum drugs in the clinics, two main areas of drug resistance reversal strategies exist: overcoming resistance to platinum drugs as well as multidrug resistance based on ABC efflux pumps. The current review provides an overview of both aspects of drug design and discusses the open questions in the field. The areas of drug resistance covered in this article involve: 1) Altered expression of proteins involved in metal uptake, efflux or intracellular distribution, 2) Enhanced drug efflux via ABC transporters, 3) Altered metabolism in drug-resistant cancer cells, 4) Altered thiol or redox homeostasis, 5) Altered DNA damage recognition and enhanced DNA damage repair, 6) Impaired induction of apoptosis and 7) Altered interaction with the immune system. This review represents the first collection of metal (including platinum, ruthenium, iridium, gold, and copper) and metalloid drugs (e.g. arsenic and selenium) which demonstrated drug resistance reversal activity. A special focus is on compounds characterized by collateral sensitivity of ABC transporter-overexpressing cancer cells. Through this approach, we wish to draw the attention to open research questions in the field. Future investigations are warranted to obtain more insights into the mechanisms of action of the most potent compounds which target specific modalities of drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Valente
- Centro de Química Estrutural and Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Podolski-Renić
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Isabella Poetsch
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nenad Filipović
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Óscar López
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Iztok Turel
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Petra Heffeter
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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10
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Masaryk L, Nemec I, Kašpárková J, Brabec V, Štarha P. Unexpected solution behaviour of ester-functionalized half-sandwich Ru(II) and Ir(III) complexes. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:8017-8028. [PMID: 34008653 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt00466b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Complexes [Ru(η6-pcym)(bpydca)Cl]PF6 (Rudca) and [Ir(η5-Cp*)(bpydca)Cl]PF6 (Irdca) were developed as model compounds for the investigation of multi-targeted ester-functionalized half-sandwich ruthenium(ii) and iridium(iii) complexes; pcym = 1-methyl-4-(propan-2-yl)benzene (p-cymene), bpydca = 2,2'-bipyridine-4,4'-diyldimethanediyl bis(dichloroacetate), Cp* = pentamethylcyclopentadienyl. Aiming to understand the in-solution behaviour of these first-in-class complexes containing the pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase inhibitor dichloroacetate (dca) as the terminal bioactive substituent, several experiments were performed under aqueous conditions for Rudca and Irdca, as well as for compounds [Ru(η6-pcym)(bpyOH)Cl]PF6 (RuOH) and [Ir(η5-Cp*)(bpyOH)Cl]PF6 (IrOH), and acetyl analogues [Ru(η6-pcym)(bpyac)Cl]PF6 (Ruac) and [Ir(η5-Cp*)(bpyac)Cl]PF6 (Irac) bearing a different (biologically inactive) terminal substituent; bpyOH = 2,2'-bipyridine-4,4'-diyldimethanol, bpyac = 2,2'-bipyridine-4,4'-diyldimethanediyl diacetate. The experiments were also conducted in the presence of porcine liver esterase (PLE). All the six complexes were characterized by relevant techniques (e.g., NMR and mass spectrometry), including a single-crystal X-ray analysis of complexes Rudca, Ruac, RuOH and IrOH. Although designed as model compounds, Rudca, Irdca, RuOH and IrOH were also screened for their antiproliferative activity in four human cancer cell lines (HCT116 colon carcinoma, MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast adenocarcinomas, DU145 prostate carcinoma), where the tested complexes did not show any effect (IC50 > 100 μM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukáš Masaryk
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University in Olomouc, 17. listopadu 12, 77146 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Ivan Nemec
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University in Olomouc, 17. listopadu 12, 77146 Olomouc, Czech Republic. and Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Kašpárková
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Palacky University in Olomouc, Slechtitelu 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Viktor Brabec
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Palacky University in Olomouc, Slechtitelu 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Štarha
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University in Olomouc, 17. listopadu 12, 77146 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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11
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Dichloroacetate (DCA) and Cancer: An Overview towards Clinical Applications. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:8201079. [PMID: 31827705 PMCID: PMC6885244 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8201079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
An extensive body of literature describes anticancer property of dichloroacetate (DCA), but its effective clinical administration in cancer therapy is still limited to clinical trials. The occurrence of side effects such as neurotoxicity as well as the suspicion of DCA carcinogenicity still restricts the clinical use of DCA. However, in the last years, the number of reports supporting DCA employment against cancer increased also because of the great interest in targeting metabolism of tumour cells. Dissecting DCA mechanism of action helped to understand the bases of its selective efficacy against cancer cells. A successful coadministration of DCA with conventional chemotherapy, radiotherapy, other drugs, or natural compounds has been tested in several cancer models. New drug delivery systems and multiaction compounds containing DCA and other drugs seem to ameliorate bioavailability and appear more efficient thanks to a synergistic action of multiple agents. The spread of reports supporting the efficiency of DCA in cancer therapy has prompted additional studies that let to find other potential molecular targets of DCA. Interestingly, DCA could significantly affect cancer stem cell fraction and contribute to cancer eradication. Collectively, these findings provide a strong rationale towards novel clinical translational studies of DCA in cancer therapy.
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Abstract
Platinum-group (PG) complexes have been used as antibacterial and anticancer agents since the discovery of cisplatin. The science world still requires improvement on these complexes because of multidrug and antineoplastic resistances. This review observes discoverers and history of these platinum-group metals (PGMs), as well as their beneficial applications. The focus of this study was biological applications of PGMs in relation to human health. Sandwich and half-sandwich PGM coordination compounds and their metal nanoparticles give improved results for biological activities by enhancing efficient delivery of both antibacterial and anticancer drugs, as well as luminescent bioimaging (biomarkers) for biological identifications.
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13
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Novohradsky V, Markova L, Kostrhunova H, Trávníček Z, Brabec V, Kasparkova J. An anticancer Os(II) bathophenanthroline complex as a human breast cancer stem cell-selective, mammosphere potent agent that kills cells by necroptosis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13327. [PMID: 31527683 PMCID: PMC6746710 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49774-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional chemotherapy is mostly effective in the treatment of rapidly-dividing differentiated tumor cells but has limited application toward eliminating cancer stem cell (CSC) population. The presence of a very small number of CSCs may contribute to the development of therapeutic resistance, metastases, and relapse. Thus, treatment failure by developing novel anticancer drugs capable of effective targeting of CSCs is at present a major challenge for research focused on chemotherapy of cancer. Here, we show that Os(II) complex 2 [Os(η6-pcym)(bphen)(dca)]PF6 (pcym = p-cymene, bphen = bathophenanthroline, and dca = dichloroacetate), is capable of efficient and selective killing CSCs in heterogeneous populations of human breast cancer cells MCF-7 and SKBR-3. Notably, its remarkable submicromolar potency to kill CSCs is considerably higher than that of its Ru analog, [Ru(η6-pcym)(bphen)(dca)]PF6 (complex 1) and salinomycin, one of the most selective CSC-targeting compounds hitherto identified. Furthermore, Os(II) complex 2 reduces the formation, size, and viability of three-dimensional mammospheres which more closely reflect the tumor microenvironment than cells in traditional two-dimensional cultures. The antiproliferation studies and propidium iodide staining using flow cytometry suggest that Os(II) complex 2 induces human breast cancer stem cell death predominantly by necroptosis, a programmed form of necrosis. The results of this study demonstrate the promise of Os(II) complex 2 in treating human breast tumors. They also represent the foundation for further preclinical and clinical studies and applications of Os(II) complex 2 to comply with the emergent need for human breast CSCs-specific chemotherapeutics capable to treat chemotherapy-resistant and relapsed human breast tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vojtech Novohradsky
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Kralovopolska 135, 612 65, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Markova
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Kralovopolska 135, 612 65, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Kostrhunova
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Kralovopolska 135, 612 65, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Trávníček
- Division of Biologically Active Complexes and Molecular Magnets, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, Slechtitelu 27, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Viktor Brabec
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Kralovopolska 135, 612 65, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, Slechtitelu 27, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Kasparkova
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Kralovopolska 135, 612 65, Brno, Czech Republic.
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14
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15
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Štarha P, Trávníček Z. Azaindoles: Suitable ligands of cytotoxic transition metal complexes. J Inorg Biochem 2019; 197:110695. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2019.110695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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16
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Sert Y, Clayton HS, Gökce H, Tapala KC. Combined experimental and theoretical investigations on a half-sandwich organometallic Os(II) complex. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.03.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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17
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Pracharova J, Novohradsky V, Kostrhunova H, Štarha P, Trávníček Z, Kasparkova J, Brabec V. Half-sandwich Os(ii) and Ru(ii) bathophenanthroline complexes: anticancer drug candidates with unusual potency and a cellular activity profile in highly invasive triple-negative breast cancer cells. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:12197-12208. [PMID: 30112527 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt02236d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
There is an urgent need to discover new, selective compounds to add to the limited arsenal of chemotherapeutics displaying selective toxicity for aggressive triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. The effect of two, recently developed metal-based half-sandwich complexes [Os(η6-pcym)(bphen)(dca)]PF6 (Os-dca) and [Ru(η6-pcym)(bphen)(dca)]PF6 (Ru-dca) [pcym = 1-methyl-4-(propan-2-yl)benzene (p-cymene); bphen = 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (bathophenanthroline); dca = dichloroacetate] on triple-negative breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231 is reported. The complexes display selective toxicity in several tumor cells (at submicromolar concentrations), and a prominent effect is observed against highly progressive triple negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells for Os-dca. The lower potency of Ru-dca in comparison with Os-dca is apparently connected with a relatively quick release of the dca ligand due to the hydrolysis of Ru-dca before this complex enters the cells. Remarkably, both Os-dca and Ru-dca reduce successfully metastasis-related properties of the triple-negative breast cancer cells such as migration, invasion, and re-adhesion. The anti-metastatic effects of Os-dca and Ru-dca are associated with their ability to suppress matrix metalloproteinase activity and/or production and reduce the expression of aquaporins. Further detailed mechanistic studies reveal that Os-dca reverses Warburg's effect and oncosis seems to be a prominent mode of cell death that predominates over apoptosis. As such, Os-dca can efficiently overcome the resistance of cancer cells to clinically-used apoptotic inducers cisplatin and carboplatin. The cytostatic and anti-metastatic properties of Os-dca in MDA-MB-231 provide a strong impetus for the development of new metal-based compounds to target hardly treatable human TNBC cells and displaying different modes of action compared to the antitumor metallodrugs in clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitka Pracharova
- Department of Biophysics, Centre of the Region Hana for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacky University, Slechtitelu 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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18
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Štarha P, Dvořák Z, Trávníček Z. Half-sandwich Ir(III) and Rh(III) 2,2′-dipyridylamine complexes: Synthesis, characterization and in vitro cytotoxicity against the ovarian carcinoma cells. J Organomet Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2018.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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19
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Biancalana L, Pampaloni G, Zacchini S, Marchetti F. Synthesis, characterization and behavior in water/DMSO solution of Ru(II) arene complexes with bioactive carboxylates. J Organomet Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2018.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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20
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Štarha P, Trávníček Z, Dvořák Z. A cytotoxic tantalum(v) half-sandwich complex: a new challenge for metal-based anticancer agents. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:9533-9536. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc05223a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The new and pharmacologically promising electroneutral half-sandwich Ta(v)-dichlorido Schiff-base complex was described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Štarha
- Division of Biologically Active Complexes and Molecular Magnets
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials
- Faculty of Science
- Palacký University in Olomouc
- 783 71 Olomouc
| | - Zdeněk Trávníček
- Division of Biologically Active Complexes and Molecular Magnets
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials
- Faculty of Science
- Palacký University in Olomouc
- 783 71 Olomouc
| | - Zdeněk Dvořák
- Division of Biologically Active Complexes and Molecular Magnets
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials
- Faculty of Science
- Palacký University in Olomouc
- 783 71 Olomouc
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21
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Konkankit CC, Marker SC, Knopf KM, Wilson JJ. Anticancer activity of complexes of the third row transition metals, rhenium, osmium, and iridium. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:9934-9974. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt01858h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A summary of recent developments on the anticancer activity of complexes of rhenium, osmium, and iridium is described.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sierra C. Marker
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- Cornell University
- Ithaca
- USA
| | - Kevin M. Knopf
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- Cornell University
- Ithaca
- USA
| | - Justin J. Wilson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- Cornell University
- Ithaca
- USA
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