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Agarwal DS, Sakhuja R, Beteck RM, Legoabe LJ. Steroid-triazole conjugates: A brief overview of synthesis and their application as anticancer agents. Steroids 2023:109258. [PMID: 37330161 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2023.109258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Steroids are biomolecules that play pivotal roles in various physiological and drug discovery processes. Abundant research has been fuelled towards steroid-heterocycles conjugates over the last few decades as potential therapeutic agents against various diseases especially as anticancer agents. In this context various steroid-triazole conjugates have been synthesized and studied for their anticancer potential against various cancer cell lines. A thorough search of the literatures revealed that a concise review pertaining the present topic is not compiled. Therefore, in thus review we summarize the synthesis, anticancer activity against various cancer cell lines and structure activity relationship (SAR) of various steroid-triazole conjugates. This review can lay down the path towards the development of various steroid-heterocycles conjugates with lesser side effects and profound efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devesh S Agarwal
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - Rajeev Sakhuja
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani 333 031, India
| | - Richard M Beteck
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - Lesetja J Legoabe
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa.
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Synthesis, In Vitro Biological Evaluation of Antiproliferative and Neuroprotective Effects and In Silico Studies of Novel 16E-Arylidene-5α,6α-epoxyepiandrosterone Derivatives. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030812. [PMID: 36979790 PMCID: PMC10045663 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Steroids constitute an important class of pharmacologically active molecules, playing key roles in human physiology. Within this group, 16E-arylideneandrostane derivatives have been reported as potent anti-cancer agents for the treatment of leukemia, breast and prostate cancers, and brain tumors. Additionally, 5α,6α-epoxycholesterol is an oxysterol with several biological activities, including regulation of cell proliferation and cholesterol homeostasis. Interestingly, pregnenolone derivatives combining these two modifications were described as potential neuroprotective agents. In this research, novel 16E-arylidene-5α,6α-epoxyepiandrosterone derivatives were synthesized from dehydroepiandrosterone by aldol condensation with different aldehydes followed by a diastereoselective 5α,6α-epoxidation. Their cytotoxicity was evaluated on tumoral and non-tumoral cell lines by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Furthermore, the assessment of the neuroprotective activity of these derivatives was performed in a dopaminergic neuronal cell line (N27), at basal conditions, and in the presence of the neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). Interestingly, some of these steroids had selective cytotoxic effects in tumoral cell lines, with an IC50 of 3.47 µM for the 2,3-dichlorophenyl derivative in the breast cancer cell line (MCF-7). The effects of this functionalized epoxide on cell proliferation (Ki67 staining), cell necrosis (propidium iodide staining), as well as the analysis of the nuclear area and near neighbor distance in MCF-7 cells, were analyzed. From this set of biological studies, strong evidence of the activation of apoptosis was found. In contrast, no significant neuroprotection against 6-OHDA-induced neurotoxicity was observed for the less cytotoxic steroids in N27 cells. Lastly, molecular docking simulations were achieved to verify the potential affinity of these compounds against important targets of steroidal drugs (androgen receptor, estrogen receptor α, and 5α-reductase type 2, 17α-hydroxylase-17,20-lyase and aromatase enzymes). This in silico study predicted a strong affinity between most novel steroidal derivatives and 5α-reductase and 17α-hydroxylase-17,20-lyase enzymes.
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Yang Y, Krin A, Cai X, Poopari MR, Zhang Y, Cheeseman JR, Xu Y. Conformations of Steroid Hormones: Infrared and Vibrational Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28020771. [PMID: 36677830 PMCID: PMC9864676 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Steroid hormone molecules may exhibit very different functionalities based on the associated functional groups and their 3D arrangements in space, i.e., absolute configurations and conformations. Infrared (IR) and vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) spectra of four different steroid hormones, namely dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), 17α-methyltestosterone (MTTT), (16α,17)-epoxyprogesterone (Epoxy-P4), and dehydroepiandrosterone acetate (AcO-DHEA), were measured in deuterated dimethyl sulfoxide and some also in carbon tetrachloride. Extensive conformational searches were carried out using the recent developed conformer-rotamer ensemble sampling tool (CREST) which also accounts for solvent effects using an implicit solvation model. All the CREST conformational candidates were then reoptimized at the B3LYP-D3BJ/def2-TZVPD with the PCM of solvent. The good agreements between the experimental IR and VCD spectra and the theoretical simulations provide a conclusive information about their conformational distribution and absolute configurations. The experimental and theoretical IR and VCD spectra of AcO-DHEA in the carbonyl and alkene stretching region showed some discrepancies, and the possible causes related to solvent effects, large amplitude motions and levels of theory used in the modelling were explored in detail. As part of the investigation, additional calculations at the B3LYP-D3BJ/6-31++G (2d,p) and B3LYP-D3BJ/cc-pVTZ levels, as well as some 'mixed' calculations with the double-hybrid functional B2PLYP-D3 were also carried out. The results indicate that the double-hybrid functional is important for predicting the correct IR band pattern in the carbonyl and alkene stretching region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqing Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Anna Krin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
- Centre for Science and Peace Research (ZNF), Universität Hamburg, Bogenallee 11, 20144 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Xiaoli Cai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430073, China
| | | | - Yuefei Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - James R. Cheeseman
- Gaussian Inc., 340 Quinnipiac St., Bldg., 40, Wallingford, CT 06492-4050, USA
| | - Yunjie Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-780-402-1244
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Chen F, Zhang F, Wang Y, Peng J, Cao L, Mei Q, Ge M, Li L, Chen M, Dong WF, Chang Z. Biomimetic Redox-Responsive Mesoporous Organosilica Nanoparticles Enhance Cisplatin-Based Chemotherapy. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:860949. [PMID: 35372319 PMCID: PMC8966698 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.860949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin-based chemotherapy is dominated in several cancers; however, insufficient therapeutic outcomes and systemic toxicity hamper their clinical applications. Controlled release of cisplatin and reducing inactivation remains an urgent challenge to overcome. Herein, diselenide-bridged mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles (MON) coated with biomimetic cancer cell membrane were tailored for coordination responsive controlled cisplatin delivery and GSH depletion to strengthen Pt-based chemotherapy. Cisplatin-loaded MON (MON-Pt) showed high loading capacity due to robust coordination between selenium and platinum atoms and preventing premature leakage in normal tissue. MON-Pt exhibited a controlled release of activated cisplatin in response to the redox tumor microenvironment. Meanwhile, MON-Pt containing redox-responsive diselenide bonds could efficiently scavenge intracellular inactivation agents, such as GSH, to enhance Pt-based chemotherapy. 4T1 breast cancer cell membranes cloaked MON-Pt (MON-Pt@CM) performed efficient anticancer performance and low in vivo system toxicity due to long blood circulation time and high tumor accumulation benefiting from the tumor targeting and immune-invasion properties of the homologic cancer cell membrane. These results suggest a biomimetic nanocarrier to control release and reduce the inactivation of cisplatin for efficient and safe Pt-based chemotherapy by responding and regulating the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangman Chen
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
| | - Yanbin Wang
- Nephrology Department of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of XinJiang Medical University, Macau, China
| | - Jiahui Peng
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
| | - Lei Cao
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
| | - Qian Mei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
| | - Mingfeng Ge
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
| | - Li Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
| | - Meiwan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Wen-fei Dong
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Wen-fei Dong, ; Zhimin Chang,
| | - Zhimin Chang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Wen-fei Dong, ; Zhimin Chang,
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Guo HY, Chen ZA, Shen QK, Quan ZS. Application of triazoles in the structural modification of natural products. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 36:1115-1144. [PMID: 34167422 PMCID: PMC8231395 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.1890066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nature products have been extensively used in the discovery and development of new drugs, as the most important source of drugs. The triazole ring is one of main pharmacophore of the nitrogen-containing heterocycles. Thus, a new class of triazole-containing natural product conjugates has been synthesised. These compounds reportedly exert anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antiparasitic, antiviral, antioxidant, anti-Alzheimer, and enzyme inhibitory effects. This review summarises the research progress of triazole-containing natural product derivatives involved in medicinal chemistry in the past six years. This review provides insights and perspectives that will help scientists in the fields of organic synthesis, medicinal chemistry, phytochemistry, and pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Affifiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Zheng-Ai Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School of Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Qing-Kun Shen
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Affifiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Zhe-Shan Quan
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School of Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
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6
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Zhang X, Zhang S, Zhao S, Wang X, Liu B, Xu H. Click Chemistry in Natural Product Modification. Front Chem 2021; 9:774977. [PMID: 34869223 PMCID: PMC8635925 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.774977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Click chemistry is perhaps the most powerful synthetic toolbox that can efficiently access the molecular diversity and unique functions of complex natural products up to now. It enables the ready synthesis of diverse sets of natural product derivatives either for the optimization of their drawbacks or for the construction of natural product-like drug screening libraries. This paper showcases the state-of-the-art development of click chemistry in natural product modification and summarizes the pharmacological activities of the active derivatives as well as the mechanism of action. The aim of this paper is to gain a deep understanding of the fruitful achievements and to provide perspectives, trends, and directions regarding further research in natural product medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuning Zhang
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Songfeng Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Liu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongtao Xu
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
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Liang T, Sun X, Li W, Hou G, Gao F. 1,2,3-Triazole-Containing Compounds as Anti-Lung Cancer Agents: Current Developments, Mechanisms of Action, and Structure-Activity Relationship. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:661173. [PMID: 34177578 PMCID: PMC8226129 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.661173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common malignancy and leads to around one-quarter of all cancer deaths. Great advances have been achieved in the treatment of lung cancer with novel anticancer agents and improved technology. However, morbidity and mortality rates remain extremely high, calling for an urgent need to develop novel anti-lung cancer agents. 1,2,3-Triazole could be readily interact with diverse enzymes and receptors in organisms through weak interaction. 1,2,3-Triazole can not only be acted as a linker to tether different pharmacophores but also serve as a pharmacophore. This review aims to summarize the recent advances in 1,2,3-triazole-containing compounds with anti-lung cancer potential, and their structure-activity relationship (SAR) together with mechanisms of action is also discussed to pave the way for the further rational development of novel anti-lung cancer candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Liang
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Biomedical Isotope Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiangyang Sun
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wenhong Li
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Guihua Hou
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Biomedical Isotope Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Biomedical Isotope Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Highlights on Steroidal Arylidene Derivatives as a Source of Pharmacologically Active Compounds: A Review. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26072032. [PMID: 33918373 PMCID: PMC8038301 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26072032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Steroids constitute a unique class of chemical compounds, playing an important role in physiopathological processes, and have high pharmacological interest. Additionally, steroids have been associated with a relatively low toxicity and high bioavailability. Nowadays, multiple steroidal derivatives are clinically available for the treatment of numerous diseases. Moreover, different structural modifications on their skeleton have been explored, aiming to develop compounds with new and improved pharmacological properties. Thus, steroidal arylidene derivatives emerged as a relevant example of these modifications. This family of compounds has been mainly described as 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 and aromatase inhibitors, as well as neuroprotective and anticancer agents. Besides, due to their straightforward preparation and intrinsic chemical reactivity, steroidal arylidene derivatives are important synthetic intermediates for the preparation of other compounds, particularly bearing heterocyclic systems. In fact, starting from arylidenesteroids, it was possible to develop bioactive steroidal pyrazolines, pyrazoles, pyrimidines, pyridines, spiro-pyrrolidines, amongst others. Most of these products have also been studied as anti-inflammatory and anticancer agents, as well as 5α-reductase and aromatase inhibitors. This work aims to provide a comprehensive overview of steroidal arylidene derivatives described in the literature, highlighting their bioactivities and importance as synthetic intermediates for other pharmacologically active compounds.
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Association between dehydroepiandrosterone levels and cardiovascular risk in public sector health workers in a Peruvian region. Cardiovasc Endocrinol Metab 2021; 10:51-55. [PMID: 33634256 DOI: 10.1097/xce.0000000000000219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Alterations in dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) levels have been shown to affect the cardiovascular system. This study examined the associations between DHEAS levels and cardiovascular risk in workers of a public hospital in Lima, Peru. The analytical cross-sectional study was conducted at the Hospital de Huaycán, Peru. The cardiovascular risk was assessed in health workers using the Framingham score and categorized into high and low cardiovascular risk groups, and then the DHEAS levels of both groups were compared. Two hundred ninety-six health workers were studied, 67.2% showed low cardiovascular risk, 22.3% intermediate and 10.5% high. DHEAS levels were lower in the high cardiovascular risk group (2156.9 vs 2814.6 ng/mL; P < 0.05) and showed negative association (prevalence rate ratio 0.14, 95% IC 0.04-0.53; P < 0.05) in multivariable analysis (P < 0.05). DHEAS, glycosylated hemoglobin, pulse pressure and mean arterial pressure show an independent association with high cardiovascular risk in a group of health workers. Additional variables should be considered for cardiovascular risk assessment.
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Andryushina VA, Stytsenko TS, Karpova NV, Yaderets VV, Zavarzin IV, Kurilov DV. Synthesis of 3β-methyl ether of dehydroepiandrosterone by biotransformation of 3β-methyl ether of cholesterol with cells of mycobacteria Mycobacterium sp. Russ Chem Bull 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-019-2711-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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11
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Luan T, Jin C, Jin CM, Gong GH, Quan ZS. Synthesis and biological evaluation of ursolic acid derivatives bearing triazole moieties as potential anti-Toxoplasma gondii agents. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2019; 34:761-772. [PMID: 30836795 PMCID: PMC6407578 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2019.1584622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Ursolic acid (UA), a plant-derived compound, has many properties beneficial to health. In the present study, we synthesised three series of novel UA derivatives and evaluated their anti-Toxoplasma gondii activity both in vitro and in vivo. Most derivatives exhibited an improved anti-T. gondii activity in vitro when compared with UA (parent compound), whereas compound 3d exhibited the most potent anti-T. gondii activity in vivo. Spiramycin served as the positive control. Additionally, determination of biochemical parameters, including the liver and spleen indexes, indicated compound 3d to effectively reduce hepatotoxicity and significantly enhance anti-oxidative effects, as compared with UA. Furthermore, our molecular docking study indicated compound 3d to possess a strong binding affinity for T. gondii calcium-dependent protein kinase 1 (TgCDPK1). Based on these findings, we conclude that compound 3d, a derivative of UA, could act as a potential inhibitor of TgCDPK1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Luan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources and Functional Molecules of the Changbai Mountain, Affiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Chunmei Jin
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources and Functional Molecules of the Changbai Mountain, Affiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Chun-Mei Jin
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources and Functional Molecules of the Changbai Mountain, Affiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Guo-Hua Gong
- First Clinical Medical College of Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Mongolian Medicine Pharmacology for Cardio-Cerebral Vascular System, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, China
| | - Zhe-Shan Quan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources and Functional Molecules of the Changbai Mountain, Affiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
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Guo HY, Jin C, Zhang HM, Jin CM, Shen QK, Quan ZS. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of (+)-Usnic Acid Derivatives as Potential Anti- Toxoplasma gondii Agents. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:9630-9642. [PMID: 31365255 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b02173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Six series of (+)-usnic acid derivatives were synthesized. The IC50 values of these compounds were determined in T. gondii infected HeLa cells (μM) and in HeLa cells (μM), and their selectivity indexes (SI) were calculated. In vitro, most of the derivatives tested in this study exhibited more anti activity than that of the parent compound (+)-usnic acid and the positive control drugs. Among these derivatives, methyl (E)-(1-(6-acetyl-7,9-dihydroxy-8,9b-dimethyl-1,3-dioxo-3,9b-dihydrodibenzo[b,d]furan-2(1H)-ylidene)ethyl)phenylalaninate (D3) showed the most effective anti-T. gondii activity (selectivity >2.77). In comparison with the clinically used positive control drugs sulfadiazine (selectivity 1.15), pyrimethamine (selectivity 0.89), spiramycin (selectivity 0.72), and the lead compound (+)-usnic acid (selectivity 0.96), D3 showed better results in vitro. Furthermore, D3 and (E)-6-acetyl-7,9-dihydroxy-8,9b-dimethyl-2-(1-(quinolin-6-ylamino)ethylidene)dibenzo[b,d]furan-1,3(2H,9bH)-dione (F3) had greater inhibitory effects on T. gondii (inhibition rates 76.0% and 64.6%) in vivo in comparison to spiramycin (inhibition rate 55.2%); in the peritoneal cavity of mice, the number of tachyzoites was significantly reduced (p < 0.001) in vivo. Additionally, some biochemical parameters were measured and spleen indexes were comprehensively evaluated, and the results indicated that mice treated with both compound D3 and compound F3 showed reduced hepatotoxicity and significantly enhanced antioxidative effects in comparison to the normal group. Granuloma and cyst formation were effected by the inhibition of compound D3 and compound F3 in liver sections. Overall, these results indicated that D3 and F3 for use as anti-T. gondii agents are promising lead compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources and Functional Molecules of the Changbai Mountain, Affiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy , Yanbian University , Yanji , Jilin 133002 , People's Republic of China
| | - ChunMei Jin
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources and Functional Molecules of the Changbai Mountain, Affiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy , Yanbian University , Yanji , Jilin 133002 , People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Ming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources and Functional Molecules of the Changbai Mountain, Affiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy , Yanbian University , Yanji , Jilin 133002 , People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Mei Jin
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources and Functional Molecules of the Changbai Mountain, Affiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy , Yanbian University , Yanji , Jilin 133002 , People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Kun Shen
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources and Functional Molecules of the Changbai Mountain, Affiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy , Yanbian University , Yanji , Jilin 133002 , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe-Shan Quan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources and Functional Molecules of the Changbai Mountain, Affiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy , Yanbian University , Yanji , Jilin 133002 , People's Republic of China
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13
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Yan W, Xiangyu C, Ya L, Yu W, Feng X. An orally antitumor chalcone hybrid inhibited HepG2 cells growth and migration as the tubulin binding agent. Invest New Drugs 2019; 37:784-790. [PMID: 30740631 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-019-00737-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Liver cancer is a kind of high mortality cancer due to the difficulty of early diagnosis. It is necessary to develop the anticancer agents to treat liver cancer. Here, a novel chalcone derivative was synthesized and evaluated for anticancer activity in vitro against liver cancer cell lines (HepG2, SNU-423, SMMC7221, and SNU-398). The chalcone hybrid 9 displayed the antiproliferative effect against HepG2, SNU-423, SMMC7221 and SNU-398 cells with IC50 values of 0.9 μM, 2.7 μM, 6.2 μM and 4.6 μM, respectively. Cellular mechanisms showed that derivative 9 could obviously inhibit HepG2 cells growth and colony formation in a concentration-dependent manner. Analogue 9 inhibited the migration by regulating the expression levels of migration-releated markers and transcription factors (Snail and Slug). Tubulin polymerization inhibition assay illustrated that chalcone hybrid 9 might be a potent tubulin polymerization inhibitor. Importantly, compound 9 displayed the antitumor activity against liver cancer HepG2 cells in vivo with the low toxicity toward mice. Therefore, compound 9 as a novel tubulin polymerization inhibitor deserves further investigation to treat liver cancer. Graphical abstract Compound 9 displayed the antitumor activity against liver cancer HepG2 cells in vivo and low toxicity toward mice Figure: Orally antitumor chalcone hybrid 9 inhibited HepG2 cells growth and migration as the tubulin binding agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Chen Xiangyu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Li Ya
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Wang Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Xu Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
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Design and Synthesis of C-19 Isosteviol Derivatives as Potent and Highly Selective Antiproliferative Agents. Molecules 2018; 24:molecules24010121. [PMID: 30598028 PMCID: PMC6337650 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24010121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Six series of novel isosteviol derivatives; modified in the C-19 position; were synthesized; and their antiproliferative activity was evaluated against three human cancer cell lines (HCT-116; BEL-7402; HepG2) and the human L02 normal cell line in vitro. Most of the derivatives tested here exhibited improved antiproliferative activity with high selectivity when compared with the parent compound isosteviol and the positive control drug 5-fluorouracil. Among these derivatives; compound 5d exhibited the most potent antiproliferative activity and commendable selectivity between cancer and normal cells. In addition; compound 5d inhibited the colony formation of HCT-116 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Further studies revealed that compound 5d arrested the HCT-116 cell cycle in the S phase; and western blot analysis demonstrated the mechanism may be correlated with a change in the expression of cyclin A; cyclin B1; and cyclin E1. Furthermore; the results of a docking study that involved placing compound 5d into the CDK2/cyclin A binding site revealed that its mode of action was possibly as a CDK2/cyclin A inhibitor.
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