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Jiménez-González V, Kowalczyk T, Piekarski J, Szemraj J, Rijo P, Sitarek P. Nature's Green Potential: Anticancer Properties of Plants of the Euphorbiaceae Family. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 16:114. [PMID: 38201542 PMCID: PMC10778523 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16010114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The number of cancer cases will reach 24 million in 2040, according to the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Current treatments for cancer are not effective and selective for most patients; for this reason, new anticancer drugs need to be developed and researched enough. There are potentially useful drugs for cancer isolated from plants that are being used in the clinic. Available information about phytochemistry, traditional uses, in vitro and in vivo experiments with plants, and pure compounds isolated from the Euphorbiaceae family indicates that this family of plants has the potential to develop anticancer drugs. This review examines selected species from the Euphorbiaceae family and their bioactive compounds that could have potential against different types of cancer cells. It reviews the activity of crude extracts, isolated compounds, and nanoparticles and the potential underlying mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Jiménez-González
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Tomasz Kowalczyk
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Janusz Piekarski
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Medical University in Lodz, 93-513 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Janusz Szemraj
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Patricia Rijo
- CBIOS-Lusófona University’s Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal;
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Przemysław Sitarek
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-151 Lodz, Poland;
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Iweala EJ, Oluwapelumi AE, Dania OE, Ugbogu EA. Bioactive Phytoconstituents and Their Therapeutic Potentials in the Treatment of Haematological Cancers: A Review. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1422. [PMID: 37511797 PMCID: PMC10381774 DOI: 10.3390/life13071422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Haematological (blood) cancers are the cancers of the blood and lymphoid forming tissues which represents approximately 10% of all cancers. It has been reported that approximately 60% of all blood cancers are incurable. Despite substantial improvement in access to detection/diagnosis, chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation, there is still high recurrence and unpredictable but clearly defined relapses indicating that effective therapies are still lacking. Over the past two decades, medicinal plants and their biologically active compounds are being used as potential remedies and alternative therapies for the treatment of cancer. This is due to their anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-mutagenic, anti-angiogenic, anti-cancer activities and negligible side effects. These bioactive compounds have the capacity to reduce proliferation of haematological cancers via various mechanisms such as promoting apoptosis, transcription regulation, inhibition of signalling pathways, downregulating receptors and blocking cell cycle. This review study highlights the mechanistic and beneficial effects of nine bioactive compounds (quercetin, ursolic acid, fisetin, resveratrol, epigallocatechin gallate, curcumin, gambogic acid, butein and celastrol) as potential remedies for chemoprevention of haematological cancers. The study provides useful insights on the effectiveness of the use of bioactive compounds from plants for chemoprevention of haematological cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emeka J Iweala
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, Ota PMB 1023, Ogun State, Nigeria
- Covenant Applied Informatics and Communication African Centre of Excellence (CApIC-ACE), Covenant University, Ota PMB 1023, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Adurosakin E Oluwapelumi
- Department of Microbiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso PMB 4000, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Omoremime E Dania
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, Ota PMB 1023, Ogun State, Nigeria
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Khan MRUZ, Yanase E, Trivedi V. Extraction, phytochemical characterization and anti-cancer mechanism of Haritaki churna: An ayurvedic formulation. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0286274. [PMID: 37256897 PMCID: PMC10231837 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Haritaki churna (HC), a single herb ayurvedic formulations is known to be prescribed for various gastro-intestinal disorders in Ayurveda. Haritaki churna aqueous extract (HCAE) has anti-cancer activity against different types of cancer cells with an IC50 in the range of 50-97 μg/ml. Bioavailability of Haritaki Churna is very high in digestive track and treatment of colorectal cancer cells HCT-116, DLD1, HT-29 with HCAE reduces its cellular viability with anti-cancer IC50 70μg/ml. HCAE consumption is safe for human as it didn't affect the cellular viability of primary human PBMCs or non-cancerogenic HEK-293 cells. Haritaki churna was found to be stable in biological gastric fluids and bioactive agents are not losing their anti-cancer activity under such harsh conditions. The HPLC Chromatogram of HCAE is giving 13 major peaks and 11 minor peaks. Exploiting LC-MS, IR and NMR spectroscopic techniques, a total of 13 compounds were identified from HCAE namely Shikimic acid, Chebulic acid, gallic acid, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, Protocatechuic acid, 4-O-galloyl-shikimic Acid, 5-O-galloyl-shikimic Acid, Methylgallate, corilagin, 1, 2, 6, Tri-O-galloyl β-D-glucose, chebulagic acid, chebulinic acid, and Ellagic acid. Reconstitution and subtraction of phytochemicals from the mixture indicate that Ellagic acid significantly contribute into anti-cancer effect of HCAE. Cancer cells treated with ellagic acid from HCAE were incapable of completing their cell-cycle and halted the cell-cycle at DNA synthesis S-Phase, as demonstrated by decreased cyclin A2 expression levels with increasing ellagic acid concentration. Halting of cells at S-phase causes induction of apoptosis in cancer cells. Cancer cells exhibiting DNA fragmentation, changes in expression of several apoptotic proteins such as Bcl2, cytochrome-c and formation of cleaved products of caspase 3 and PARP-1 suggests ellagic acid induces cell death via mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Rafi Uz Zama Khan
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Emiko Yanase
- Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Vishal Trivedi
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
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Umashankar M, Sahoo M. Metabolite fingerprinting and profiling of selected medicinal plants using nuclear magnetic resonance. ASIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH AND HEALTH CARE 2023. [DOI: 10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_93_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
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Maalej A, Elloumi W, Angelov I, Kardaleva P, Dimitrov V, Chamkha M, Guncheva M, Sayadi S. Pistacia lentiscus by-product as a promising source of phenolic compounds and carotenoids: Purification, biological potential and binding properties. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2021.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Stilbenoids isolated from the roots of Rheum lhasaense under the guidance of the acetylcholinesterase inhibition activity. J Nat Med 2021; 75:372-380. [PMID: 33411157 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-020-01478-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Four unknown stilbenoids, including one dimer, namely 4'-methoxy-scirpusin A (5) and three monomeric stilbene glycosides, namely piceatannol-3'-O-[2''-(3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzoyl)]-β-D-glucopyranoside (13), piceatannol-3'-O-(2''-galloyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (14) and piceatannol-3'-O-(6″-p-coumaroyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (16) together with 15 described compounds, were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of the ethanol extract of roots of Rheum lhasaense based on the guidance of the inhibitory effect on acetylcholinesterase. The structures of the unknown compounds were established by combined spectroscopic analysis and comparing their spectral data with compounds with similar structures. Some selected components were also investigated for their inhibitory abilities on acetylcholinesterase (AChE), indicating that compound 13 may be responsible for higher inhibitory activity of the ethyl acetate fraction on AChE.
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Rummun N, Rondeau P, Bourdon E, Pires E, McCullagh J, Claridge TDW, Bahorun T, Li WW, Neergheen VS. Terminalia bentzoë, a Mascarene Endemic Plant, Inhibits Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells Growth In Vitro via G0/G1 Phase Cell Cycle Arrest. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13100303. [PMID: 33053825 PMCID: PMC7650599 DOI: 10.3390/ph13100303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Tropical forests constitute a prolific sanctuary of unique floral diversity and potential medicinal sources, however, many of them remain unexplored. The scarcity of rigorous scientific data on the surviving Mascarene endemic taxa renders bioprospecting of this untapped resource of utmost importance. Thus, in view of valorizing the native resource, this study has as its objective to investigate the bioactivities of endemic leaf extracts. Herein, seven Mascarene endemic plants leaves were extracted and evaluated for their in vitro antioxidant properties and antiproliferative effects on a panel of cancer cell lines, using methyl thiazolyl diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and clonogenic cell survival assays. Flow cytometry and comet assay were used to investigate the cell cycle and DNA damaging effects, respectively. Bioassay guided-fractionation coupled with liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (MS), gas chromatography-MS, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic analysis were used to identify the bioactive compounds. Among the seven plants tested, Terminaliabentzoë was comparatively the most potent antioxidant extract, with significantly (p < 0.05) higher cytotoxic activities. T. bentzoë extract further selectively suppressed the growth of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells and significantly halted the cell cycle progression in the G0/G1 phase, decreased the cells' replicative potential and induced significant DNA damage. In total, 10 phenolic compounds, including punicalagin and ellagic acid, were identified and likely contributed to the extract's potent antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. These results established a promising basis for further in-depth investigations into the potential use of T. bentzoë as a supportive therapy in cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawraj Rummun
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Mauritius, Réduit 80837, Mauritius;
- Biopharmaceutical Unit Centre for Biomedical and Biomaterials Research, MSIRI Building, University of Mauritius, Réduit 80837, Mauritius;
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Keele University, Thornburrow Drive, Stoke on Trent ST4 7QB, UK
| | - Philippe Rondeau
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM, UMR 1188 Diabète athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), Saint-Denis de La Réunion, 97490 Sainte-Clotilde, Reunion, France; (P.R.); (E.B.)
| | - Emmanuel Bourdon
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM, UMR 1188 Diabète athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), Saint-Denis de La Réunion, 97490 Sainte-Clotilde, Reunion, France; (P.R.); (E.B.)
| | - Elisabete Pires
- Chemical Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK; (E.P.); (J.M.); (T.D.W.C.)
| | - James McCullagh
- Chemical Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK; (E.P.); (J.M.); (T.D.W.C.)
| | - Timothy D. W. Claridge
- Chemical Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK; (E.P.); (J.M.); (T.D.W.C.)
| | - Theeshan Bahorun
- Biopharmaceutical Unit Centre for Biomedical and Biomaterials Research, MSIRI Building, University of Mauritius, Réduit 80837, Mauritius;
| | - Wen-Wu Li
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Keele University, Thornburrow Drive, Stoke on Trent ST4 7QB, UK
- Correspondence: (W.-W.L.); (V.S.N.)
| | - Vidushi S. Neergheen
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Mauritius, Réduit 80837, Mauritius;
- Biopharmaceutical Unit Centre for Biomedical and Biomaterials Research, MSIRI Building, University of Mauritius, Réduit 80837, Mauritius;
- Correspondence: (W.-W.L.); (V.S.N.)
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Yakubu OF, Adebayo AH, Iweala EEJ, Adelani IB, Ishola TA, Zhang YJ. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of fractions and compound from Ricinodendron heudelotii (Baill.). Heliyon 2019; 5:e02779. [PMID: 31844713 PMCID: PMC6895737 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants have been documented over the years to play vital role in promoting human health. The study evaluated the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities of different fractions and isolated compound from Ricinodendron heudelotii leaves. The leaves of Ricinodendron heudelotii were extracted with ethanol and further partitioned sequentially using petroleum ether, ethylacetate and butanol. Bioassay–guided fractionation of the ethylacetate fraction was done using repeated column chromatographic technique while the structural elucidation of pure compound was carried out using mass spectra, 13C and 1H NMR analyses. Antioxidant potential of the fractions and isolated compound were evaluated with 2,2-Azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assays and anti-inflammatory effect of fractions was measured by their inhibitory potency on nitric oxide (NO). Corilagin, an amorphous tannin was isolated and structurally elucidated. Corilagin showed scavenging effect against ABTS and DPPH radicals which vary in a dose dependent manner. It also showed an antioxidant potential with IC50 value of 0.003 mg/mL comparable to vitamin C 0.001 mg/mL) used as standard. The butanol and ethylacetate fractions exhibited significant (p < 0.05) NO inhibition of 60 and 69% respectively after treatment of RAW 264.7 macrophages with lipopolysaccharide. These results demonstrated the role of isolated corilagin as a promising potent antioxidant while the ethylacetate and butanol fractions suppressed the expression of an inflammation mediator by inhibiting nitric oxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omolara F Yakubu
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, PMB 1023, Canaan Land, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria.,State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources of West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, #132, Lanhei Road, Heilongtan, Kunming, China
| | - Abiodun H Adebayo
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, PMB 1023, Canaan Land, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Emeka E J Iweala
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, PMB 1023, Canaan Land, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Isaacson B Adelani
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, PMB 1023, Canaan Land, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Temitope A Ishola
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, PMB 1023, Canaan Land, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Ying-Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources of West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, #132, Lanhei Road, Heilongtan, Kunming, China
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