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Pocasap P, Tamprasit K, Rungsri T, Kaimuangpak K, Srisongkram T, Katekaew S, Kamwilaisak K, Puthongking P, Weerapreeyakul N. Pickering Emulsion of Oleoresin from Dipterocarpus alatus Roxb. ex G. Don and Its Antiproliferation in Colon (HCT116) and Liver (HepG2) Cancer Cells. Molecules 2024; 29:2695. [PMID: 38893569 PMCID: PMC11174047 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29112695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Oleoresin of Dipterocarpus alatus Roxb. ex G. Don (DA) has been traditionally used for local medicinal applications. Several in vitro studies have indicated its pharmacological potential. However, the low water solubility hinders its use and development for pharmaceutical purposes. The study aimed to (1) formulate oil-in-water (o/w) Pickering emulsions of DA oleoresin and (2) demonstrate its activities in cancer cells. The Pickering emulsions were formulated using biocompatible carboxylated cellulose nanocrystal (cCNC) as an emulsifier. The optimized emulsion comprised 3% (F1) and 4% (v/v) (F2) of oleoresin in 1% cCNC and 0.1 M NaCl, which possessed homogeneity and physical stability compared with other formulations with uniform droplet size and low viscosity. The constituent analysis indicated the presence of the biomarker dipterocarpol in both F1 and F2. The pharmacological effects of the two emulsions were demonstrated in vitro against two cancer cell lines, HepG2 and HCT116. Both F1 and F2 suppressed cancer cell viability. The treated cells underwent apoptosis, as demonstrated by distinct nuclear morphological changes in DAPI-stained cells and Annexin V/PI-stained cells detected by flow cytometry. Our study highlights the prospect of Pickering emulsions for oleoresin, emphasizing enhanced stability and potential pharmacological advantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piman Pocasap
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
| | - Kawintra Tamprasit
- Graduate School in the Program of Research and Development in Pharmaceuticals, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (K.T.); (K.K.)
- Research Institute for Human High Performance and Health Promotion, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
| | - Thanyathanya Rungsri
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in the Program of Doctor of Pharmacy, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
| | - Karnchanok Kaimuangpak
- Graduate School in the Program of Research and Development in Pharmaceuticals, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (K.T.); (K.K.)
| | - Tarapong Srisongkram
- Research Institute for Human High Performance and Health Promotion, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
| | - Somporn Katekaew
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
| | - Khanita Kamwilaisak
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
| | - Ploenthip Puthongking
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
| | - Natthida Weerapreeyakul
- Research Institute for Human High Performance and Health Promotion, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
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Lv S, Zhang G, Huang Y, Zhong X, Yi Y, Lu Y, Li J, Ma Y, Teng J. Adult hippocampal neurogenesis: pharmacological mechanisms of antidepressant active ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1307746. [PMID: 38152691 PMCID: PMC10751940 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1307746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is characterized by prominent indicators and manifestations, such as anhedonia, which refers to the inability to experience pleasure, and persistent feelings of hopelessness. In clinical practice, the primary treatment approach involves the utilization of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and related pharmacological interventions. Nevertheless, it is crucial to recognize that these agents are associated with significant adverse effects. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) adopts a multifaceted approach, targeting diverse components, multiple targets, and various channels of action. TCM has potential antidepressant effects. Anomalies in adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) constitute a pivotal factor in the pathology of depression, with the regulation of AHN emerging as a potential key measure to intervene in the pathogenesis and progression of this condition. This comprehensive review presented an overview of the pharmacological mechanisms underlying the antidepressant effects of active ingredients found in TCM. Through examination of recent studies, we explored how these ingredients modulated AHN. Furthermore, we critically assessed the current limitations of research in this domain and proposed novel strategies for preclinical investigation and clinical applications in the treatment of depression in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimeng Lv
- Department of First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Guangheng Zhang
- Department of First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yufei Huang
- Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xia Zhong
- Department of First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yunhao Yi
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yitong Lu
- Department of First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jiamin Li
- Department of First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yuexiang Ma
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Teng
- Department of First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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Chalermwongkul C, Khamphukdee C, Maneenet J, Daodee S, Monthakantirat O, Boonyarat C, Chotritthirong Y, Awale S, Kijjoa A, Chulikhit Y. Antidepressant-like Effect of Oroxylum indicum Seed Extract in Mice Model of Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress. Nutrients 2023; 15:4742. [PMID: 38004136 PMCID: PMC10675042 DOI: 10.3390/nu15224742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one life-threatening disorder that is prevalent worldwide. The evident etiology of this disease is still poorly understood. Currently, herbal medicine is gaining more interest as an alternative antidepressant. Oroxylum indicum, which is used in traditional medicine and contains a potential antidepressive compound, baicalein, could have an antidepressive property. An in vitro monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A) inhibitory assay was used to preliminarily screening for the antidepressant effect of O. indicum seed (OIS) extract. Mice were subjected to unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) for 6 weeks, and the daily administration of OIS extract started from week 4. The mechanisms involved in the antidepressive activity were investigated. The OIS extract significantly alleviated anhedonia and despair behaviors in the UCMS-induced mouse model via two possible pathways: (i) it normalized the HPA axis function via the restoration of negative feedback (decreased FKBP5 and increased GR expressions) and the reduction in the glucocorticoid-related negative gene (SGK-1), and (ii) it improved neurogenesis via the escalation of BDNF and CREB expressions in the hippocampus and the frontal cortex. In addition, an HPLC analysis of the OIS extract showed the presence of baicalin, baicalein, and chrysin as major constituents. All of the results obtained from this study emphasize the potential of OIS extract containing baicalin and baicalein as an effective and novel alternative treatment for MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chorpeth Chalermwongkul
- Graduated School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (C.C.); (Y.C.)
| | - Charinya Khamphukdee
- Division of Pharmacognosy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (C.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Juthamart Maneenet
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (J.M.); (S.D.); (O.M.); (C.B.)
| | - Supawadee Daodee
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (J.M.); (S.D.); (O.M.); (C.B.)
| | - Orawan Monthakantirat
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (J.M.); (S.D.); (O.M.); (C.B.)
| | - Chantana Boonyarat
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (J.M.); (S.D.); (O.M.); (C.B.)
| | - Yutthana Chotritthirong
- Graduated School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (C.C.); (Y.C.)
| | - Suresh Awale
- Natural Drug Discovery Laboratory, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0154, Japan;
| | - Anake Kijjoa
- Division of Pharmacognosy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (C.K.); (A.K.)
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar and CIIMAR, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Yaowared Chulikhit
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (J.M.); (S.D.); (O.M.); (C.B.)
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Liu P, Chen W, Kang Y, Wang C, Wang X, Liu W, Hayashi T, Qiu Z, Mizuno K, Hattori S, Fujisaki H, Ikejima T. Silibinin ameliorates STING-mediated neuroinflammation via downregulation of ferroptotic damage in a sporadic Alzheimer's disease model. Arch Biochem Biophys 2023:109691. [PMID: 37473980 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2023.109691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent cell death, is caused by lipid peroxidation. Noteworthily, accumulation of iron and lipid peroxidation are found in the proximity of the neuritic plaque, a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the relationship between ferroptosis and neuroinflammation in AD is unclear. Silibinin, extracted from the Silybum marianum, is possibly developed as an agent for AD treatment from its neuroprotective effect, but the effect of silibinin on sporadic AD that accounts for more than 95% of AD remains unclear. To determine whether silibinin alleviates the pathogenesis of sporadic AD and investigate the underlying mechanisms, STZ-treated HT22 murine hippocampal neurons and intracerebroventricular injection of streptozotocin (ICV-STZ) rats, a sporadic AD model, were used in this study. Results show that silibinin not only promotes survival of STZ-treated HT22 cells, but also ameliorates the cognitive impairment and anxiety/depression-like behavior of ICV-STZ rats. We here demonstrate that silibinin evidently inhibits the protein level of p53 as well as upregulates the protein level of cystine/glutamate antiporter SLC7A11 and ferroptosis inhibitor GPX4, but not p21, leading to the protection against STZ-induced ferroptotic damage. Immunofluorescent staining also shows that accumulation of lipid peroxidation induced by ferroptotic damage leads to increased fluorescence of 8-oxo-deoxyguanosine (8-OHDG), a maker of oxidized DNA. The oxidized DNA then leaks to the cytoplasm and upregulates the expression of the stimulator of interferon gene (STING), which triggers the production of IFN-β and other inflammatory cascades including NF-κB/TNFα and NLRP3/caspase 1/IL-1β. However, the treatment with silibinin blocks the above pathological changes. Moreover, in HT22 cells with/without STZ treatment, GPX4-knockdown increases the protein level of STING, indicating that the ferroptotic damage leads to the activation of STING signaling pathway. These results imply that silibinin exerts neuroprotective effect on an STZ-induced sporadic AD model by downregulating ferroptotic damage and thus the downstream STING-mediated neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panwen Liu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Wenhui Chen
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Yu Kang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Chenkang Wang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Xiaoling Wang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Toshihiko Hayashi
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China; Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, Toride, Ibaraki, 302-0017, Japan
| | - Zhiyue Qiu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Kazunori Mizuno
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, Toride, Ibaraki, 302-0017, Japan
| | - Shunji Hattori
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, Toride, Ibaraki, 302-0017, Japan
| | - Hitomi Fujisaki
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, Toride, Ibaraki, 302-0017, Japan
| | - Takashi Ikejima
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China; Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China.
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Jazvinšćak Jembrek M, Oršolić N, Karlović D, Peitl V. Flavonols in Action: Targeting Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation in Major Depressive Disorder. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24086888. [PMID: 37108052 PMCID: PMC10138550 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24086888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder is one of the most common mental illnesses that highly impairs quality of life. Pharmacological interventions are mainly focused on altered monoamine neurotransmission, which is considered the primary event underlying the disease's etiology. However, many other neuropathological mechanisms that contribute to the disease's progression and clinical symptoms have been identified. These include oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, hippocampal atrophy, reduced synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis, the depletion of neurotrophic factors, and the dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Current therapeutic options are often unsatisfactory and associated with adverse effects. This review highlights the most relevant findings concerning the role of flavonols, a ubiquitous class of flavonoids in the human diet, as potential antidepressant agents. In general, flavonols are considered to be both an effective and safe therapeutic option in the management of depression, which is largely based on their prominent antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. Moreover, preclinical studies have provided evidence that they are capable of restoring the neuroendocrine control of the HPA axis, promoting neurogenesis, and alleviating depressive-like behavior. Although these findings are promising, they are still far from being implemented in clinical practice. Hence, further studies are needed to more comprehensively evaluate the potential of flavonols with respect to the improvement of clinical signs of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Jazvinšćak Jembrek
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- School of Medicine, Catholic University of Croatia, Ilica 242, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nada Oršolić
- Division of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dalibor Karlović
- School of Medicine, Catholic University of Croatia, Ilica 242, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Psychiatry, Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Center, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vjekoslav Peitl
- School of Medicine, Catholic University of Croatia, Ilica 242, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Psychiatry, Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Center, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Agrawal K, Chakraborty P, Dewanjee S, Arfin S, Das SS, Dey A, Moustafa M, Mishra PC, Jafari SM, Jha NK, Jha SK, Kumar D. Neuropharmacological interventions of quercetin and its derivatives in neurological and psychological disorders. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 144:104955. [PMID: 36395983 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Quercetin is a naturally occurring bioactive flavonoid abundant in many plants and fruits. Quercetin and its derivatives have shown an array of pharmacological activities in preclinical tests against various illnesses and ailments. Owing to its protective role against oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, quercetin is a possible therapeutic choice for the treatment of neurological disorders. Quercetin and its derivatives can modulate a variety of signal transductions, including neuroreceptor, neuroinflammatory receptor, and redox signaling events. The research on quercetin and its derivatives in neurology-related illnesses mainly focused on the targets, such as redox stress, neuroinflammation, and signaling pathways; however, the function of quercetin and its derivatives on specific molecular targets, such as nuclear receptors and proinflammatory mediators are yet to be explored. Findings showed that various molecular targets of quercetin and its derivatives have therapeutic potential against psychological and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirti Agrawal
- School of Health sciences & Technology, UPES University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India, 248007
| | - Pratik Chakraborty
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700 032, West Bengal, India
| | - Saikat Dewanjee
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700 032, West Bengal, India
| | - Saniya Arfin
- School of Health sciences & Technology, UPES University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India, 248007
| | - Sabya Sachi Das
- School of Pharmaceutical and Population Health Informatics, DIT University, Dehradun 248009, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata 700073, West Bengal, India
| | - Mahmoud Moustafa
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia; Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Prabhu Chandra Mishra
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology (SET), Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201310, India
| | - Seid Mahdi Jafari
- Department of Food Materials and Process Design Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran; Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology (SET), Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201310, India.
| | - Saurabh Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology (SET), Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201310, India; Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali 140413, India; Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied & Life Sciences (SALS), Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, India.
| | - Dhruv Kumar
- School of Health sciences & Technology, UPES University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India, 248007.
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Phenolic Acids as Antidepressant Agents. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14204309. [PMID: 36296993 PMCID: PMC9610055 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is a psychiatric disorder affecting the lives of patients and their families worldwide. It is an important pathophysiology; however, the molecular pathways involved are not well understood. Pharmacological treatment may promote side effects or be ineffective. Consequently, efforts have been made to understand the molecular pathways in depressive patients and prevent their symptoms. In this context, animal models have suggested phytochemicals from medicinal plants, especially phenolic acids, as alternative treatments. These bioactive molecules are known for their antioxidant and antiinflammatory activities. They occur in some fruits, vegetables, and herbal plants. This review focused on phenolic acids and extracts from medicinal plants and their effects on depressive symptoms, as well as the molecular interactions and pathways implicated in these effects. Results from preclinical trials indicate the potential of phenolic acids to reduce depressive-like behaviour by regulating factors associated with oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, autophagy, and deregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, stimulating monoaminergic neurotransmission and neurogenesis, and modulating intestinal microbiota.
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Total Active Compounds and Mineral Contents in Wolffia globosa. J CHEM-NY 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/9212872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Wolffia globosa, or watermeal, is an aquatic plant belonging to the Lemnaceae family that is consumed as food and sold in local markets of Thailand. The aim of this study was to quantify selected active compounds and minerals in W. globosa ethanolic extract and evaluate its antioxidant activity. Total phenolic, flavonoid, and anthocyanin contents were analyzed. High-performance liquid chromatography was used for the determination of beta-carotene, ferulic acid, luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, and kaempferol. Mineral contents (iron, potassium, calcium, magnesium, zinc, and sodium) were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Antioxidative activity was evaluated by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS (2,2′-azobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) radical scavenging assays. The beta-carotene, ferulic acid, luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, and kaempferol contents of the extract were 2.52 ± 0.10, 1.40 ± 0.10, 2.42 ± 0.50, and 1.57 ± 0.14 mg/g extract, respectively. The highest mineral content in the W. globosa extract was magnesium. The wet extract of W. globosa showed higher amounts of all minerals than the dry extract. Freshly prepared and boiled W. globosa extracts showed radical scavenging activity at 1000 µg/milliliter with 75.77 ± 0.93% and 67.10 ± 0.20% inhibition of DPPH and 70.40 ± 7.20% and 59.78 ± 3.16% inhibition of ABTS, respectively. This plant is a promising novel source of natural phytochemical constituents and antioxidants and has potential for development as a plant-based nutraceutical product for the treatment of diseases caused by free radicals.
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Khamphukdee C, Turkmani I, Chotritthirong Y, Chulikhit Y, Boonyarat C, Sekeroglu N, Silva AMS, Monthakantirat O, Kijjoa A. Effects of the Bark Resin Extract of Garcinia nigrolineata on Chronic Stress-Induced Memory Deficit in Mice Model and the In Vitro Monoamine Oxidases and β-Amyloid Aggregation Inhibitory Activities of Its Prenylated Xanthone Constituents. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27093014. [PMID: 35566362 PMCID: PMC9103351 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27093014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study describes investigation of the effects of the bark resin extract of Garcinia nigrolineata (Clusiaceae) on the cognitive function and the induction of oxidative stress in both frontal cortex and hippocampus by unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS). By using behavioral mouse models, i.e., the Y-maze test, the Novel Object Recognition Test (NORT), and the Morris Water Maze Test (MWMT), it was found that the negative impact of repeated mild stress-induced learning and memory deficit through brain oxidative stress in the UCMS mice was reversed by treatment with the bark resin extract G. nigrolineata. Moreover, the prenylated xanthones viz. cowagarcinone C, cowaxanthone, α-mangostin, cowaxanthone B, cowanin, fuscaxanthone A, fuscaxanthone B, xanthochymusxanthones A, 7-O-methylgarcinone E, and cowagarcinone A, isolated from the bark resin of G. nigrolineata, were assayed for their inhibitory activities against β-amyloid (Aβ) aggregation and monoamine oxidase enzymes (MAOs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Charinya Khamphukdee
- Division of Pharmacognosy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
| | - Ibrahim Turkmani
- ICBAS-Instituo de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar and CIIMAR, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Yutthana Chotritthirong
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
| | - Yaowared Chulikhit
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (Y.C.); (C.B.)
| | - Chantana Boonyarat
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (Y.C.); (C.B.)
| | - Nazim Sekeroglu
- Phytotherapy, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Application & Research Center and Biology Department, Faculty of Arts and Science, Gaziantep University, 27310 Gaziantep, Turkey;
| | - Artur M. S. Silva
- Departamento de Química & QOPNA, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Orawan Monthakantirat
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (Y.C.); (C.B.)
- Correspondence: (O.M.); (A.K.); Tel.: +66-81-3404677 (O.M.); +351-220428331 (A.K.)
| | - Anake Kijjoa
- ICBAS-Instituo de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar and CIIMAR, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
- Correspondence: (O.M.); (A.K.); Tel.: +66-81-3404677 (O.M.); +351-220428331 (A.K.)
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Chen S, Tang Y, Gao Y, Nie K, Wang H, Su H, Wang Z, Lu F, Huang W, Dong H. Antidepressant Potential of Quercetin and its Glycoside Derivatives: A Comprehensive Review and Update. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:865376. [PMID: 35462940 PMCID: PMC9024056 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.865376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is a global health problem with growing prevalence rates and serious impacts on the daily life of patients. However, the side effects of currently used antidepressants greatly reduce the compliance of patients. Quercetin is a flavonol present in fruits, vegetables, and Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that has been proved to have various pharmacological effects such as anti-depressant, anti-cancer, antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective. This review summarizes the evidence for the pharmacological application of quercetin to treat depression. We clarified the mechanisms of quercetin regulating the levels of neurotransmitters, promoting the regeneration of hippocampal neurons, improving hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysfunction, and reducing inflammatory states and anti-oxidative stress. We also summarized the antidepressant effects of some quercetin glycoside derivatives to provide a reference for further research and clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Chen
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Grade 2017 of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Clinical Medicine, Second Clinical School, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yueheng Tang
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kexin Nie
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongzhan Wang
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Su
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fuer Lu
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenya Huang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Dong
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Hui Dong,
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Pan X, Chen K, Han S, Luo X, Zhang D, Zhang H, Zhang L, Zhou X, Li J, Fang J, Wang S, Ye X. Total Triterpenes of Wolfiporia cocos (Schwein.) Ryvarden & Gilb Exerts Antidepressant-Like Effects in a Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress Rat Model and Regulates the Levels of Neurotransmitters, HPA Axis and NLRP3 Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:793525. [PMID: 35237160 PMCID: PMC8883346 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.793525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose:Wolfiporia cocos is frequently used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat depression. However, antidepressant-like effects of the main active ingredients of Wolfiporia cocos, total triterpenes of Wolfiporia cocos (TTWC), are not well studied. This study aimed to investigate those effects and explore their specific mechanisms of action in depth. Methods: Chemical components of TTWC were analyzed using LC-MS. Depression-like behavior in rats were induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). The suppressive effects of TTWC (60, 120, 240 mg/kg) against CUMS-induced depression-like behavior were evaluated using the forced swimming test (FST), open field test (OFT) and sucrose preference test (SPT). Levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), glutamate (GLU), corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta), interleukin-18 (IL-18), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in different groups were determined by ELISA. Western blotting (WB) was used to detect the expression of NLRP3, ASC, pro-caspase-1, caspase-1, pro-IL-1beta, IL-1beta, pro-IL-18, and IL-18 in the prefrontal cortex. Additionally, the mRNA levels of NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, IL-1beta and IL-18 were detected by RT-PCR. Results: A total of 69 lanostane-type triterpene acids of TTWC were identified. The results showed that TTWC exhibited an antidepressant-like effect in CUMS rats, reversed the decreased sugar preference in the SPT, reduction of immobility time in the FST, reduced the rest time, increased the total moving distance in the OFT. TTWC increased 5-HT levels and decreased GLU levels in the hippocampus. Moreover, TTWC decreased CRH levels in serum, indicating the regulation of over-activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. In addition, reduced serum levels of IL-1beta, IL-18, IL-6, and TNF-alpha. The WB results implied that TTWC inhibited the expression of NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, IL-1beta, and IL-18 in the prefrontal cortex and enhanced the expression of pro-caspase-1, pro-IL-1beta, and pro-IL-18. Although most of the results were not significant, PCR results showed that TTWC inhibited the expression of NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, IL-1beta, and IL-18 in the prefrontal cortex. Conclusion: TTWC treatment exerted an antidepressant-like effect and regulates neurotransmitters, HPA axis and NLRP3 signaling pathway. These results indicated the potential of TTWC in preventing the development of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Pan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Resources and Chemistry of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Kezhuo Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Resources and Chemistry of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Sijie Han
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Resources and Chemistry of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinyao Luo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Resources and Chemistry of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Resources and Chemistry of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Hanrui Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Resources and Chemistry of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Lian Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Resources and Chemistry of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuxiang Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Resources and Chemistry of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Resources and Chemistry of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingxian Fang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Resources and Chemistry of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Shiqin Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Resources and Chemistry of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaochuan Ye
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Resources and Chemistry of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
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12
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Duan L, Fan R, Li T, Yang Z, Hu E, Yu Z, Tian J, Luo W, Zhang C. Metabolomics Analysis of the Prefrontal Cortex in a Rat Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress Model of Depression. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:815211. [PMID: 35370823 PMCID: PMC8965009 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.815211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depressive disorder is the leading cause of disability and suicidality worldwide. Metabolites are considered indicators and regulators of depression. However, the pathophysiology of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) in depression remains unclear. METHODS A chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) model and a maturation rodent model of depression was used to investigate metabolic changes in the PFC. Eighteen male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into CUMS and control groups. The sucrose preference test (SPT) and forced swimming test (FST) were employed to evaluate and record depression-associated behaviors and changes in body weight (BW). High-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was applied to test metabolites in rat PFC. Furthermore, principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis were employed to identify differentially abundant metabolites. Metabolic pathways were analyzed using MetaboAnalyst. Finally, a metabolite-protein interaction network was established to illustrate the function of differential metabolites. RESULTS SPT and FST results confirmed successful establishment of the CUMS-induced depression-like behavior model in rats. Five metabolites, including 1-methylnicotinamide, 3-methylhistidine, acetylcholine, glycerophospho-N-palmitoyl ethanolamine, α-D-mannose 1-phosphate, were identified as potential biomarkers of depression. Four pathways changed in the CUMS group. Metabolite-protein interaction analysis revealed that 10 pathways play roles in the metabolism of depression. CONCLUSION Five potential biomarkers were identified in the PFC and metabolite-protein interactions associated with metabolic pathophysiological processes were explored using the CUMS model. The results of this study will assist physicians and scientists in discovering potential diagnostic markers and novel therapeutic targets for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Duan
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Rong Fan
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Teng Li
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhaoyu Yang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - En Hu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhe Yu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Tian
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Weikang Luo
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chunhu Zhang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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13
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Merging the Multi-Target Effects of Kleeb Bua Daeng, a Thai Traditional Herbal Formula in Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress-Induced Depression. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14070659. [PMID: 34358084 PMCID: PMC8308724 DOI: 10.3390/ph14070659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common and debilitating psychiatric disease characterized by persistent low mood, lack of energy, hypoactivity, anhedonia, decreased libido, and impaired cognitive and social functions. However, the multifactorial etiology of MDD remains largely unknown due the complex interaction between genetics and environment involved. Kleeb Bua Daeng (KBD) is a Thai traditional herbal formula that has been used to promote brain health. It consists of a 1:1:1 ratio of the aerial part of Centella asiatica, Piper nigrum fruit, and the petals of Nelumbo nucifera. According to the pharmacological activities of the individual medicinal plants, KBD has good potential as a treatment for MDD. The present study investigated the antidepressant activity of KBD in an unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) mouse model. Daily administration of KBD to UCMS mice ameliorated both anhedonia, by increasing 2% sucrose intake, and hopeless behavior, by reducing immobility times in the forced swimming test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST) without any effect on locomotor activity. The mechanism of KBD activity was multi-modal. KBD promoted neurogenesis by upregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and cyclic AMP-responsive element binding (CREB) mRNA expression in the frontal cortex and hippocampus. Daily treatment with KBD significantly reversed UCMS-induced HPA axis dysregulation by upregulating the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) while downregulating serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1 (SGK1) and FK506 binding protein 5 (FKBP5) mRNA expression. KBD treatment also normalized proinflammatory cytokine expression including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6. KBD and its component extracts also exhibited an inhibitory effect in vitro on monoamine oxidase (MAO) A and B. The multiple antidepressant actions of KBD emphasize its potential as an effective, novel treatment for MDD.
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14
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Nakajima K, Oiso S. Upregulating Effect of Wheat on Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Human Lung Adenocarcinoma A549 Cells. J Oleo Sci 2021; 70:867-874. [PMID: 33967169 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess20327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The neurotrophic hypothesis of depression, that is, a deficiency in hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) leads to depression, has gained widespread acceptance. BDNF is synthesized in various peripheral tissues such as the lung, kidney, liver, heart and testis, besides the brain. Peripheral BDNF can traverse the blood-brain barrier and reach the hippocampus; accordingly, substances that upregulate BDNF production in peripheral tissues may be useful in the treatment of depression. The Mediterranean diet, containing high amounts of whole grains including unrefined wheat, vegetables, fruits, nuts, and olive oil, reportedly reduces the risk of depression. The association between the high consumption of unrefined wheat in the Mediterranean diet and BDNF production in peripheral tissues is unclear. In this study, we investigated the BDNF production capacity of human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 and the effect of wheat on BDNF production in the cells. Methanol extracts of whole-wheat flour and wheat bran, which are forms of unrefined wheat, increased the BDNF level in the culture medium of A549 cells. However, methanol extract of wheat endosperm had no effect on the BDNF level in these cells. Our findings suggest that wheat bran contains ingredients that upregulate BDNF production in peripheral tissues, and unrefined wheat potentially contributes to the elevation in peripheral BDNF level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kensuke Nakajima
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University
| | - Shigeru Oiso
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University.,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University
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15
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Wang Z, Ni S, Zhang H, Fan Y, Xia L, Li N. Silencing SGK1 alleviates osteoarthritis through epigenetic regulation of CREB1 and ABCA1 expression. Life Sci 2021; 268:118733. [PMID: 33171176 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disorder and a leading cause of disability. While early proactive management is crucial in alleviating symptoms in OA patients, currently available therapeutic approaches are yet to achieve an ideal level of efficacy. The path to the development of a potent treatment begins with the thorough understanding of the pathophysiology of OA. The present study aims to explore the mechanism by which SGK1 is involved in OA progression. METHODS Firstly, the potential target gene of SGK1 was screened and SGK1 expression was determined in OA through bioinformatics analysis. Mouse OA model was then established and chondrocytes were extracted, after which inflammation was induced with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Following LPS treatment, the chondrocytes were transfected with synthesized plasmids to explore the impact of SGK1, CREB1, and ABCA1 on apoptosis, proliferation and inflammation in OA. ChIP-PCR and dual-luciferase reporter gene assay were conducted to determine the binding relation between SGK1 and CREB1 as well as between CREB1 and ABCA1. RESULTS OA mice presented with high expression of SGK1. Interestingly, we found that SGK1 inhibited CREB1 expression in chondrocytes, thereby inducing inflammation and suppressing chondrocyte proliferation. CREB1 was found to have a positive correlation with ABCA1 expression, while down-regulation of CREB1 resulted in the inhibition of cell proliferation and aggravated inflammation, which could be reversed by overexpressed ABCA1. CONCLUSION Taken altogether, silencing of SGK1 alleviated OA through epigenetic regulation of CREB1 and ABCA1 expression. These findings may provide novel insight into SGK1-based strategy for OA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, Eastern Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Shuangfei Ni
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, Eastern Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Huafeng Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, Eastern Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Yonggang Fan
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, Eastern Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Lei Xia
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, Eastern Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, PR China.
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, Eastern Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, PR China.
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16
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Li H, Li Y, Zhang X, Ren G, Wang L, Li J, Wang M, Ren T, Zhao Y, Yang M, Huang X. The Combination of Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilg and Aucklandia costus Falc. Volatile Oils Exerts Antidepressant Effects in a CUMS-Induced Rat Model by Regulating the HPA Axis and Levels of Neurotransmitters. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:614413. [PMID: 33716727 PMCID: PMC7943885 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.614413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilg (CX)-Aucklandia costus Falc. (MX) herbal pair is frequently used in traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions for treating depression. The volatile oil from CX and MX has been shown to have good pharmacological activities on the central nervous system, but its curative effect and mechanism in the treatment of depression are unclear. Therefore, the antidepressant effect of the volatile oil from CX-MX (CMVO) was studied in chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) rats. The suppressive effects of CMVO (25, 50, 100 μL/kg) against CUMS-induced depression-like behavior were evaluated using the forced swimming test (FST), open field test (OFT) and sucrose preference test (SPT). The results showed that CMVO exhibited an antidepressant effect, reversed the decreased sugar preference in the SPT and prolongation of immobility time in the FST induced by CUMS, increased the average speed, time to enter the central area, total moving distance, and enhanced the willingness of rats to explore the environment in the OFT. Inhalational administration of CMVO decreased levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone and corticosterone in serum and the expression of corticotropin-releasing hormone mRNA in the hypothalamus, which indicated regulation of over-activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. In addition, CMVO restored levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), dopamine, norepinephrine and acetylcholine in the hippocampus. The RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry results showed that CMVO up-regulated the expression of 5-HT1A mRNA. This study demonstrated the antidepressant effect of CMVO in CUMS rats, which was possibly mediated via modulation of monoamine and cholinergic neurotransmitters and regulation of the HPA axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiting Li
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuanhui Li
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaofei Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Guilin Ren
- Southwest Medical University Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Luzhou, China
| | - Liangfeng Wang
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Jianzhe Li
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Mengxue Wang
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Tao Ren
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Ming Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaoying Huang
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
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17
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Dattilo V, Amato R, Perrotti N, Gennarelli M. The Emerging Role of SGK1 (Serum- and Glucocorticoid-Regulated Kinase 1) in Major Depressive Disorder: Hypothesis and Mechanisms. Front Genet 2020; 11:826. [PMID: 32849818 PMCID: PMC7419621 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a heterogeneous psychiatric disease characterized by persistent low mood, diminished interests, and impaired cognitive and social functions. The multifactorial etiology of MDD is still largely unknown because of the complex genetic and environmental interactions involved. Therefore, no established mechanism can explain all the aspects of the disease. In this light, an extensive research about the pathophysiology of MDD has been carried out. Several pathogenic hypotheses, such as monoamines deficiency and neurobiological alterations in the stress-responsive system, including the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the immune system, have been proposed for MDD. Over time, remarkable studies, mainly on preclinical rodent models, linked the serum- and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 1 (SGK1) to the main features of MDD. SGK1 is a serine/threonine kinase belonging to the AGK Kinase family. SGK1 is ubiquitously expressed, which plays a pivotal role in the hormonal regulation of several ion channels, carriers, pumps, and transcription factors or regulators. SGK1 expression is modulated by cell stress and hormones, including gluco- and mineralocorticoids. Compelling evidence suggests that increased SGK1 expression or function is related to the pathogenic stress hypothesis of major depression. Therefore, the first part of the present review highlights the putative role of SGK1 as a critical mediator in the dysregulation of the HPA axis, observed under chronic stress conditions, and its controversial role in the neuroinflammation as well. The second part depicts the negative regulation exerted by SGK1 in the expression of both the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), resulting in an anti-neurogenic activity. Finally, the review focuses on the antidepressant-like effects of anti-oxidative nutraceuticals in several preclinical model of depression, resulting from the restoration of the physiological expression and/or activity of SGK1, which leads to an increase in neurogenesis. In summary, the purpose of this review is a systematic analysis of literature depicting SGK1 as molecular junction of the complex mechanisms underlying the MDD in an effort to suggest the kinase as a potential biomarker and strategic target in modern molecular antidepressant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Dattilo
- Genetic Unit, IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Rosario Amato
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.,Medical Genetics Unit, Mater Domini University Hospital, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Nicola Perrotti
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.,Medical Genetics Unit, Mater Domini University Hospital, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Massimo Gennarelli
- Genetic Unit, IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy.,Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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18
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Maneenet J, Daodee S, Monthakantirat O, Boonyarat C, Khamphukdee C, Kwankhao P, Pitiporn S, Awale S, Chulikhit Y, Kijjoa A. Kleeb Bua Daeng, a Thai Traditional Herbal Formula, Ameliorated Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress-Induced Cognitive Impairment in ICR Mice. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24244587. [PMID: 31847401 PMCID: PMC6943511 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24244587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Thai traditional herbal formula ''Kleeb Bua Daeng (KBD)''consists of a 1:1:1 ratio (dry weight) of three medicinal plants: Piper nigrum fruit, the aerial part of Centella asiatica and the petals of Nelumbo nucifera. Oral administration of KBD to unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) mice significantly improved their cognitive function caused by chronic mild stress. Daily administration of KBD significantly decreased the serum corticosterone (CORT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels but increased the catalase and superoxide dismutase activities in both frontal cortex and hippocampus. The effects of KBD were similar to those caused by oral administration of vitamin E. HPLC analysis of the KBD extract revealed the presence of piperine, madecassoside, asiaticoside, luteolin-7-O-glucoside, rutin, kaempferol-3-glucoside, quercetin, kaempferol and ferulic acid as major constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juthamart Maneenet
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (S.D.); (O.M.); (C.B.); (C.K.)
| | - Supawadee Daodee
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (S.D.); (O.M.); (C.B.); (C.K.)
| | - Orawan Monthakantirat
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (S.D.); (O.M.); (C.B.); (C.K.)
| | - Chantana Boonyarat
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (S.D.); (O.M.); (C.B.); (C.K.)
| | - Charinya Khamphukdee
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (S.D.); (O.M.); (C.B.); (C.K.)
| | - Pakakrong Kwankhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Chao Phya Abhaibhubejhr Hospital, Ministry of Public Health, Prachinburi, Thailand 25000, Thailand; (P.K.); (S.P.)
| | - Supaporn Pitiporn
- Department of Pharmacy, Chao Phya Abhaibhubejhr Hospital, Ministry of Public Health, Prachinburi, Thailand 25000, Thailand; (P.K.); (S.P.)
| | - Suresh Awale
- Division of Natural Drug Discovery, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan;
| | - Yaowared Chulikhit
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (S.D.); (O.M.); (C.B.); (C.K.)
- Correspondence: (Y.C.); (A.K.); Tel.: +351-22042-8331 (A.K.)
| | - Anake Kijjoa
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar and CIIMAR, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: (Y.C.); (A.K.); Tel.: +351-22042-8331 (A.K.)
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