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Gheibzadeh MS, Capasso C, Supuran CT, Zolfaghari Emameh R. Antibacterial carbonic anhydrase inhibitors targeting Vibrio cholerae enzymes. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2024; 28:623-635. [PMID: 39028535 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2024.2369622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cholera is a bacterial diarrheal disease caused by pathogen bacteria Vibrio cholerae, which produces the cholera toxin (CT). In addition to improving water sanitation, oral cholera vaccines have been developed to control infection. Besides, rehydration and antibiotic therapy are complementary treatment strategies for cholera. ToxT regulatory protein activates transcription of CT gene, which is enhanced by bicarbonate (HCO3-). AREAS COVERED This review delves into the genomic blueprint of V. cholerae, which encodes for α-, β-, and γ- carbonic anhydrases (CAs). We explore how the CAs contribute to the pathogenicity of V. cholerae and discuss the potential of CA inhibitors in mitigating the disease's impact. EXPERT OPINION CA inhibitors can reduce the virulence of bacteria and control cholera. Here, we reviewed all reported CA inhibitors, noting that α-CA from V. cholerae (VchCAα) was the most effective inhibited enzyme compared to the β- and γ-CA families (VchCAβ and VchCAγ). Among the CA inhibitors, acyl selenobenzenesulfonamidenamides and simple/heteroaromatic sulfonamides were the best VchCA inhibitors in the nM range. It was noted that some antibacterial compounds show good inhibitory effects on all three bacterial CAs. CA inhibitors belonging to other classes may be synthesized and tested on VchCAs to harness cholera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Sadegh Gheibzadeh
- Department of Energy and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Clemente Capasso
- Department of Biology, Agriculture and Food Sciences, Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, CNR, Napoli, Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico, Firenze, Italy
| | - Reza Zolfaghari Emameh
- Department of Energy and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
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Arif N, Shafiq Z, Mahmood K, Rafiq M, Naz S, Shahzad SA, Farooq U, Bahkali AH, Elgorban AM, Yaqub M, El-Gokha A. Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and In Silico Studies of Novel Coumarin-Based 4 H,5 H-pyrano[3,2- c]chromenes as Potent β-Glucuronidase and Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:28605-28617. [PMID: 35990487 PMCID: PMC9386806 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The search for novel heterocyclic compounds with a natural product skeleton as potent enzyme inhibitors against clinical hits is our prime concern in this study. Here, a simple and facile two-step strategy has been designed to synthesize a series of novel coumarin-based dihydropyranochromenes (12a-12m) in a basic moiety. The synthesized compounds were thus characterized through spectroscopic techniques and screened for inhibition potency against the cytosolic hCA II isoform and β-glucuronidase. Few of these compounds were potent inhibitors of hCA II and β-glucuronidase with varying IC50 values ranging from 4.55 ± 0.22 to 21.77 ± 3.32 μM and 440.1 ± 1.17 to 971.3 ± 0.05 μM, respectively. Among the stream of synthesized compounds, 12e and 12i were the most potent inhibitors of β-glucuronidase, while 12h, 12i, and 12j showed greater potency against hCA II. In silico docking studies illustrated the significance of substituted groups on the pyranochromene skeleton and binding pattern of these highly potent compounds inside enzyme pockets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Arif
- Institute
of Chemical Sciences, Organic Chemistry Division, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Zahid Shafiq
- Institute
of Chemical Sciences, Organic Chemistry Division, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
- Department
of Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Khalid Mahmood
- Institute
of Chemical Sciences, Organic Chemistry Division, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rafiq
- Institute
of Chemical Sciences, Organic Chemistry Division, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Naz
- Department
of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad,
Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Sohail Anjum Shahzad
- Department
of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad,
Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Umar Farooq
- Department
of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad,
Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Ali H. Bahkali
- Department
of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdallah M. Elgorban
- Department
of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Yaqub
- Institute
of Chemical Sciences, Organic Chemistry Division, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Ahmed El-Gokha
- Department
of Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia
University, Shebin El-Kom 32512, Egypt
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Giovannuzzi S, Hewitt CS, Nocentini A, Capasso C, Flaherty DP, Supuran CT. Coumarins effectively inhibit bacterial α-carbonic anhydrases. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:333-338. [PMID: 34979838 PMCID: PMC8741243 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.2012174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Coumarins are known to act as prodrug inhibitors of mammalian α-carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) but they were not yet investigated for the inhibition of bacterial α-CAs. Here we demonstrate that such enzymes from the bacterial pathogens Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NgCAα) and Vibrio cholerae (VchCAα) are inhibited by a panel of simple coumarins incorporating hydroxyl, amino, ketone or carboxylic acid ester moieties in various positions of the ring system. The nature and the position of the substituents in the coumarin ring were the factors which strongly influenced inhibitory efficacy. NgCAα was inhibited with KIs in the range of 28.6-469.5 µM, whereas VchCAα with KIs in the range of 39.8-438.7 µM. The two human (h)CA isoforms included for comparison reason in the study, hCA I and II, were less prone to inhibition by these compounds, with KIs of 137-948.9 µM for hCA I and of 296.5-961.2 µM for hCA II, respectively. These findings are relevant for discovering coumarin bacterial CA inhibitors with selectivity for the bacterial over human isoform, with potential applications as novel antibacterial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Giovannuzzi
- Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, Neurofarba Department, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Chad S Hewitt
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Alessio Nocentini
- Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, Neurofarba Department, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Clemente Capasso
- Department of Biology, Agriculture and Food Sciences, CNR, Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, Napoli, Italy
| | - Daniel P Flaherty
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.,Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery, West Lafayette, IN, USA.,Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology and Infectious Disease, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, Neurofarba Department, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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Recent Trends in Enzyme Inhibition and Activation in Drug Design. Molecules 2020; 26:molecules26010017. [PMID: 33375159 PMCID: PMC7792938 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
It is known that enzymes are involved in many pathological conditions, such as inflammation, diabetes, microbial infections, HIV, neoplastic, neglected diseases and others [...]
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