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Morsby J, Thimes RL, Olson JE, McGarraugh HH, Payne JN, Camden JP, Smith BD. Enzyme Sensing Using 2-Mercaptopyridine-Carbonitrile Reporters and Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:6419-6426. [PMID: 35224403 PMCID: PMC8867545 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The high sensitivity and functional group selectivity of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) make it an attractive method for enzyme sensing, but there is currently a severe lack of enzyme substrates that release SERS reporter molecules with favorable detection properties. We find that 2-mercaptopyridine-3-carbonitrile ( o-MPN) and 2-mercaptopyridine-5-carbonitrile ( p-MPN) are highly effective as SERS reporter molecules that can be captured by silver or gold nanoparticles to give intense SERS spectra, each with a distinctive nitrile peak at 2230 cm-1. p-MPN is a more sensitive reporter and can be detected at low nanomolar concentrations. An assay validation study synthesized two novel substrate molecules, Glc-o-MPN and Glc-p-MPN, and showed that they can be cleaved efficiently by β-glucosidase (K m = 228 and 162 μM, respectively), an enzyme with broad industrial and biomedical utility. Moreover, SERS detection of the released reporters ( o-MPN or p-MPN) enabled sensing of β-glucosidase activity and β-glucosidase inhibition. Comparative experiments using a crude almond flour extract showed that the presence of β-glucosidase activity could be confirmed by SERS detection in a much shorter time period (>10 time shorter) than by UV-vis absorption detection. It is likely that a wide range of enzyme assays and diagnostic tests can be developed using 2-mercaptopyridine-carbonitriles as SERS reporter molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janeala
J. Morsby
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670, Unites States
| | - Rebekah L. Thimes
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670, Unites States
| | - Jacob E. Olson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670, Unites States
| | - Hannah H. McGarraugh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670, Unites States
| | - Jason N. Payne
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670, Unites States
| | - Jon P. Camden
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670, Unites States
| | - Bradley D. Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670, Unites States
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Recent Advances of Near-Infrared (NIR) Emissive Metal Complexes Bridged by Ligands with N- and/or O-Donor Sites. CRYSTALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst11020155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Near-infrared (NIR) emissive metal complexes have shown potential applications in optical communication, chemosensors, bioimaging, and laser and organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) due to their structural tunability and luminescence stability. Among them, complexes with bridging ligands that exhibit unique emission behavior have attracted extensive interests in recent years. The target performance can be easily achieved by NIR light-emitting metal complexes with bridging ligands through molecular structure design. In this review, the luminescence mechanism and design strategies of NIR luminescent metal complexes with bridging ligands are described firstly, and then summarize the recent advance of NIR luminescent metal complexes with bridging ligands in the fields of electroluminescence and biosensing/bioimaging. Finally, the development trend of NIR luminescent metal complexes with bridging ligands are proposed, which shows an attractive prospect in the field of photophysical and photochemical materials.
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Shakirova JR, Hendi Z, Zhukovsky DD, Sokolov VV, Jamali S, Pavlovskiy VV, Porsev VV, Evarestov RA, Tunik SP. NIR emitting platinum pincer complexes based on the N^N^C ligand containing {benz[4,5]imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin} aromatic system; synthesis, characterization and photophysical study. Inorganica Chim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2020.119776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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