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Bokor É, Ferenczi A, Hashimov M, Juhász-Tóth É, Götz Z, Zaki AI, Somsák L. First Synthesis of 3-Glycopyranosyl-1,2,4-Triazines and Some Cycloadditions Thereof. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27227801. [PMID: 36431902 PMCID: PMC9692545 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
C-glycopyranosyl derivatives of six-membered heterocycles are scarcely represented in the chemical literature and the title 3-glycopyranosyl-1,2,4-triazines are completely unknown. In this paper, the first synthesis of this compound class is accomplished by the cyclocondensation of C-glycosyl formamidrazones and 1,2-dicarbonyl derivatives. In addition, the synthesis of C-glycopyranosyl 1,2,4-triazin-5(4H)-ones was also carried out by the transformation of the above formamidrazones with α-keto-carboxylic esters. Inverse electron demand Diels-Alder reactions of 3-glycopyranosyl-1,2,4-triazines with a bicyclononyne derivative yielded the corresponding annulated 2-glycopyranosyl pyridines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éva Bokor
- Correspondence: (É.B.); (L.S.); Tel.: +36-525-129-00 (ext. 22474) (É.B.); +36-525-129-00 (ext. 22348) (L.S.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - László Somsák
- Correspondence: (É.B.); (L.S.); Tel.: +36-525-129-00 (ext. 22474) (É.B.); +36-525-129-00 (ext. 22348) (L.S.)
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Rafiee Samani Z, Mehranpour A. Synthesis of new allylidene amino phenol-containing Schiff bases and metal complex formation using trimethinium salts. RSC Adv 2021; 11:21695-21701. [PMID: 35478780 PMCID: PMC9034104 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra04214a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
An efficient route for the synthesis of novel Schiff bases from the condensation reaction of 2-substituted 1,3-bis(dimethylamino)-trimethinium salts with diverse aminophenols in the presence of triethylamine in EtOH at reflux is described. Complexes of transition metals with Schiff base ligand (L) 3c, having the donor atom set N2O2, were studied. The ultraviolet spectral behavior of the complexes in DMSO was investigated and the λmax of these compounds was examined. The structure of the new compounds was confirmed based on their spectral data from IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR, mass spectra, and elemental analysis. An efficient route for the synthesis of novel Schiff bases from the condensation reaction of 2-substituted 1,3-bis(dimethylamino)-trimethinium salts with diverse aminophenols in the presence of triethylamine in EtOH at reflux is described.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziba Rafiee Samani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Persian Gulf University Bushehr 75169 Iran
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Sipos Á, Szennyes E, Hajnal NÉ, Kun S, Szabó KE, Uray K, Somsák L, Docsa T, Bokor É. Dual-Target Compounds against Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Proof of Concept for Sodium Dependent Glucose Transporter (SGLT) and Glycogen Phosphorylase (GP) Inhibitors. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14040364. [PMID: 33920838 PMCID: PMC8071193 DOI: 10.3390/ph14040364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A current trend in the quest for new therapies for complex, multifactorial diseases, such as diabetes mellitus (DM), is to find dual or even multi-target inhibitors. In DM, the sodium dependent glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) in the kidneys and the glycogen phosphorylase (GP) in the liver are validated targets. Several (β-D-glucopyranosylaryl)methyl (het)arene type compounds, called gliflozins, are marketed drugs that target SGLT2. For GP, low nanomolar glucose analogue inhibitors exist. The purpose of this study was to identify dual acting compounds which inhibit both SGLTs and GP. To this end, we have extended the structure-activity relationships of SGLT2 and GP inhibitors to scarcely known (C-β-D-glucopyranosylhetaryl)methyl arene type compounds and studied several (C-β-D-glucopyranosylhetaryl)arene type GP inhibitors against SGLT. New compounds, such as 5-arylmethyl-3-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazoles, 5-arylmethyl-2-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazoles, 4-arylmethyl-2-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)pyrimidines and 4(5)-benzyl-2-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)imidazole were prepared by adapting our previous synthetic methods. None of the studied compounds exhibited cytotoxicity and all of them were assayed for their SGLT1 and 2 inhibitory potentials in a SGLT-overexpressing TSA201 cell system. GP inhibition was also determined by known methods. Several newly synthesized (C-β-D-glucopyranosylhetaryl)methyl arene derivatives had low micromolar SGLT2 inhibitory activity; however, none of these compounds inhibited GP. On the other hand, several (C-β-D-glucopyranosylhetaryl)arene type GP inhibitor compounds with low micromolar efficacy against SGLT2 were identified. The best dual inhibitor, 2-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)-4(5)-(2-naphthyl)-imidazole, had a Ki of 31 nM for GP and IC50 of 3.5 μM for SGLT2. This first example of an SGLT-GP dual inhibitor can prospectively be developed into even more efficient dual-target compounds with potential applications in future antidiabetic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ádám Sipos
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Á.S.); (K.U.)
- Doctoral School of Molecular Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Eszter Szennyes
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Debrecen, POB 400, H-4002 Debrecen, Hungary; (E.S.); (N.É.H.); (S.K.); (K.E.S.)
| | - Nikolett Éva Hajnal
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Debrecen, POB 400, H-4002 Debrecen, Hungary; (E.S.); (N.É.H.); (S.K.); (K.E.S.)
| | - Sándor Kun
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Debrecen, POB 400, H-4002 Debrecen, Hungary; (E.S.); (N.É.H.); (S.K.); (K.E.S.)
| | - Katalin E. Szabó
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Debrecen, POB 400, H-4002 Debrecen, Hungary; (E.S.); (N.É.H.); (S.K.); (K.E.S.)
| | - Karen Uray
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Á.S.); (K.U.)
| | - László Somsák
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Debrecen, POB 400, H-4002 Debrecen, Hungary; (E.S.); (N.É.H.); (S.K.); (K.E.S.)
- Correspondence: (L.S.); (T.D.); (É.B.); Tel.: +36-525-129-00 (ext. 22348) (L.S.); +36-525-186-00 (ext. 61192) (T.D.); +36-525-129-00 (ext. 22474) (É.B.)
| | - Tibor Docsa
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Á.S.); (K.U.)
- Correspondence: (L.S.); (T.D.); (É.B.); Tel.: +36-525-129-00 (ext. 22348) (L.S.); +36-525-186-00 (ext. 61192) (T.D.); +36-525-129-00 (ext. 22474) (É.B.)
| | - Éva Bokor
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Debrecen, POB 400, H-4002 Debrecen, Hungary; (E.S.); (N.É.H.); (S.K.); (K.E.S.)
- Correspondence: (L.S.); (T.D.); (É.B.); Tel.: +36-525-129-00 (ext. 22348) (L.S.); +36-525-186-00 (ext. 61192) (T.D.); +36-525-129-00 (ext. 22474) (É.B.)
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Mavreas KF, Neofytos DD, Chrysina ED, Venturini A, Gimisis T. Synthesis, Kinetic and Conformational Studies of 2-Substituted-5-(β-d-glucopyranosyl)-pyrimidin-4-ones as Potential Inhibitors of Glycogen Phosphorylase. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25225463. [PMID: 33266408 PMCID: PMC7700572 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of glycogen phosphorylase, an enzyme involved in glucose homeostasis, may lead to a number of pathological states such as type 2 diabetes and cancer, making it an important molecular target for the development of new forms of pharmaceutical intervention. Based on our previous work on the design and synthesis of 4-arylamino-1-(β-d-glucopyranosyl)pyrimidin-2-ones, which inhibit the activity of glycogen phosphorylase by binding at its catalytic site, we report herein a general synthesis of 2-substituted-5-(β-d-glucopyranosyl)pyrimidin-4-ones, a related class of metabolically stable, C-glucosyl-based, analogues. The synthetic development consists of a metallated heterocycle, produced from 5-bromo-2-methylthiouracil, in addition to protected d-gluconolactone, followed by organosilane reduction. The methylthio handle allowed derivatization through hydrolysis, ammonolysis and arylamine substitution, and the new compounds were found to be potent (μM) inhibitors of rabbit muscle glycogen phosphorylase. The results were interpreted with the help of density functional theory calculations and conformational analysis and were compared with previous findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos F. Mavreas
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece;
| | - Dionysios D. Neofytos
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635 Athens, Greece;
| | - Evangelia D. Chrysina
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635 Athens, Greece;
- Correspondence: (E.D.C.); (A.V.); (T.G.)
| | - Alessandro Venturini
- Istituto ISOF, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 40129 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence: (E.D.C.); (A.V.); (T.G.)
| | - Thanasis Gimisis
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece;
- Correspondence: (E.D.C.); (A.V.); (T.G.)
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