1
|
Kutako M, Hiransuchalert R, Kaewduang M, Hanchana O, Setthamongkol P, Chindudsadeegul P, Gunbua V, Jaritkhuan S. Morphological and molecular comparison as a useful tool for identification of the three centric marine diatoms (Bacillariophyceae: Chaetoceros). Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:173. [PMID: 37017784 PMCID: PMC10075179 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03525-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to identify morphological and molecular comparison of three marine Chaetoceros species using microscopic observations, sequence analysis of 18S rDNA, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD-PCR) barcoding and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Chaetoceros were obtained from three different algae laboratories: Center of Excellence for Marine Biotechnology (CEMB), Chanthaburi Coastal Fisheries Research and Development (CHAN) and Institute of Marine Science, Burapha University (BIM). Genomic DNA for the RAPD-PCR analysis was extracted using the phenol-chloroform method, followed by 18S rDNA amplification. The blast results of 18S rDNA sequence confirmed the significantly matched to C. gracilis for Chaetoceros BIM and CHAN and C. muelleri for Chaetoceros CEMB(e-value = 0.0, identity = 99%). The RAPD-PCR results revealed differences in the three Chaetoceros isolates with polymorphisms between 30.43% and 60.00%, and Chaetoceros CEMB showed high polymorphic bands. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that Chaetoceros CEMB were larger and had larger setae compared to the other isolates (P < 0.05). The results of the NMR characterization of metabolites were consistent with the results of the sequence and morphological analyses. The concentrations of several metabolites, including chlorophyll c1, chlorophyll a, Myo-inositol, fucoxanthin, astaxanthin, lutein and zeaxanthin, were lower in Chaetoceros CEMB than in Chaetoceros BIM and CHAN. However, high concentrations of fatty acids, such as oleic acid, linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid and arachidic acid, were observed in all isolates. Generally, the results of this study will aid future studies examining the diversity of Chaetoceros in various cultural environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maliwan Kutako
- Marine Biotechnology Research Unit, Faculty of Marine Technology, Chanthaburi Campus, 57 Moo 1, Kamong, Thamai, Chanthaburi, 22170, Thailand
| | - Rachanimuk Hiransuchalert
- Marine Biotechnology Research Unit, Faculty of Marine Technology, Chanthaburi Campus, 57 Moo 1, Kamong, Thamai, Chanthaburi, 22170, Thailand.
- Faculty of Science, Burapha University, 169 Long-Hard Bangsaen Road, Saensook, Muang, Chon Buri, 20131, Thailand.
| | - Mookthida Kaewduang
- Marine Biotechnology Research Unit, Faculty of Marine Technology, Chanthaburi Campus, 57 Moo 1, Kamong, Thamai, Chanthaburi, 22170, Thailand
| | - Orawan Hanchana
- Marine Biotechnology Research Unit, Faculty of Marine Technology, Chanthaburi Campus, 57 Moo 1, Kamong, Thamai, Chanthaburi, 22170, Thailand
| | - Pakawan Setthamongkol
- Marine Biotechnology Research Unit, Faculty of Marine Technology, Chanthaburi Campus, 57 Moo 1, Kamong, Thamai, Chanthaburi, 22170, Thailand
| | - Parinya Chindudsadeegul
- Faculty of Gems, Burapha University, Chanthaburi Campus, 57 Moo 1, Kamong, Thamai, Chanthaburi, 22170, Thailand
| | - Vichaya Gunbua
- Department of Aquatic Science, Faculty of Science, Burapha University, 169 Long-Hard Bangsaen Road, Saensook, Muang, Chon Buri, 20131, Thailand
| | - Somtawin Jaritkhuan
- Department of Aquatic Science, Faculty of Science, Burapha University, 169 Long-Hard Bangsaen Road, Saensook, Muang, Chon Buri, 20131, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Vo TTM, Tran TD, Amoroso G, Ventura T, Elizur A. Analysis of carotenoids and fatty acid compositions in Atlantic salmon exposed to elevated temperatures and displaying flesh color loss. Food Chem 2023; 417:135867. [PMID: 36934706 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Tasmanian-farmed Atlantic salmon populations exhibit starvation followed by a reduced growth rate alongside reduced flesh pigmentation in response to elevated summer temperatures, which at times can exceed their optimum threshold. Here we investigated fatty acids and carotenoids of Atlantic salmon displaying three different flesh color phenotypes, using metabolomic and chemical analyses of lipids and pigments in six key tissues. Astaxanthin is mainly responsible for flesh pigmentation, while canthaxanthin is associated with carotenoid catabolism in the liver, as our findings indicate. Reduced flesh pigmentation correlated with lower levels of carotenoids across all tested tissues and clear evidence of a correlation between carotenoid and fatty acid levels in all detected fatty acid classes was observed. The reduced growth performance and flesh pigmentation are most likely due to the impact of varying levels of starvation on fatty acids and carotenoid profiles supporting the link between carotenoids and fatty acid metabolic processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thu Thi Minh Vo
- Centre for Bioinnovation, University of the Sunshine Coast, 4 Locked Bag, Maroochydore DC, Queensland 4558, Australia; School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, 4 Locked Bag, Maroochydore DC, Queensland 4558, Australia.
| | - Trong Duc Tran
- Centre for Bioinnovation, University of the Sunshine Coast, 4 Locked Bag, Maroochydore DC, Queensland 4558, Australia; School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, 4 Locked Bag, Maroochydore DC, Queensland 4558, Australia.
| | - Gianluca Amoroso
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 49, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia.
| | - Tomer Ventura
- Centre for Bioinnovation, University of the Sunshine Coast, 4 Locked Bag, Maroochydore DC, Queensland 4558, Australia; School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, 4 Locked Bag, Maroochydore DC, Queensland 4558, Australia.
| | - Abigail Elizur
- Centre for Bioinnovation, University of the Sunshine Coast, 4 Locked Bag, Maroochydore DC, Queensland 4558, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|