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Lorenzana-Vázquez G, Adams DG, Reyna LG, Meléndez E, Pavel IE. Experimental and Theoretical Screening of Core Gold Nanoparticles and Their Binding Mechanism to an Anticancer Drug, 2-Thiouracil. Molecules 2023; 29:121. [PMID: 38202703 PMCID: PMC10779594 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This study demonstrated the capability of two readily available optical spectroscopy tools, namely UV-Vis absorption spectrophotometry and Raman/surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, to select in a rapid and noninvasive manner the most homogenous gold nanoparticle (AuNP) models and to identify their chemical binding mechanism to 2-thiouracil (2-TU). 2-TU is an anticancer drug of great promise in the antiproliferative and photothermal therapies of cancer. The citrate-capped AuNPs emerged as the most stable as well as time- and cost-effective AuNP model out of the three widely used colloidal nanocores (citrate-, borohydride-citrate-, and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-capped AuNPs) that were examined. 2-TU chemically attached to the relatively monodispersed AuNPs via a chemisorption mechanism. The 2-TU-AuNPs complex formed through the covalent bonding of the S atom of 2-TU to the nanosurface in a vertical orientation. The spectroscopic results were then confirmed with the help of density functional theory (DFT) calculations and other physicochemical characterization tools for nanomaterials such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and zeta potential. Overall, the purified 2-TU-AuNPs were found to be spherical, had an average diameter of 25 ± 2 nm, a narrow size distribution (1-30 nm), a sharp localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) peak at 525 nm, and a negative surface charge (-14 mV).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel G. Adams
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, Texas A&M University—Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX 78412, USA (L.G.R.)
| | - Lauren G. Reyna
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, Texas A&M University—Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX 78412, USA (L.G.R.)
| | - Enrique Meléndez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez Campus, Mayaguez, PR 00681, USA;
| | - Ioana E. Pavel
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, Texas A&M University—Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX 78412, USA (L.G.R.)
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Lorenzana-Vázquez G, Pavel I, Meléndez E. Gold Nanoparticles Functionalized with 2-Thiouracil for Antiproliferative and Photothermal Therapies in Breast Cancer Cells. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28114453. [PMID: 37298929 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles have been used to transport drugs to various body parts to treat cancer. Our interest is in gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) since they have the capacity to absorb light and convert it to heat, inducing cellular damage. This property is known as photothermal therapy (PTT) and has been studied in cancer treatment. In the present study, biocompatible citrate-reduced AuNPs were functionalized with a biologically active compound, 2-thiouracil (2-TU), of potential anticancer activity. Both the unfunctionalized (AuNPs) and functionalized (2-TU-AuNPs) were purified and characterized by UV-Vis absorption spectrophotometry, Zeta potential, and Transmission Electron Microscopy. Results showed monodispersed, spherical AuNPs with a mean core diameter of 20 ± 2 nm, a surface charge of -38 ± 5 mV, and a localized surface plasmon resonance peak at 520 nm. As a result of functionalization, the mean core diameter of 2-TU-AuNPs increased to 24 ± 4 nm, and the surface charge increased to -14 ± 1 mV. The functionalization of AuNPs and the load efficiency were further established through Raman spectroscopy and UV-Vis absorption spectrophotometry. The antiproliferative activities of AuNPs, 2-TU and 2-TU-AuNPs were examined by a 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay in the MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line. It was established that AuNPs significantly enhanced the antiproliferative activity of 2-TU. Furthermore, the irradiation of the samples with visible light at 520 nm decreased the half-maximal inhibitory concentration by a factor of 2. Thus, the 2-TU drug concentration and its side effect during treatments could be significantly reduced by synergistically exploiting the antiproliferative activity of 2-TU loaded onto AuNPs and the PTT effect of AuNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ioana Pavel
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX 78412, USA
| | - Enrique Meléndez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez Campus, Mayaguez, PR 00681, USA
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Recent developments in the colorimetric sensing of biological molecules using gold nanoparticles-based probes. TALANTA OPEN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talo.2022.100122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Cherng JH, Lin CAJ, Liu CC, Yeh JZ, Fan GY, Tsai HD, Chung CF, Hsu SD. Hemostasis and Anti-Inflammatory Abilities of AuNPs-Coated Chitosan Dressing for Burn Wounds. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12071089. [PMID: 35887586 PMCID: PMC9321560 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12071089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Burn injuries are a common hazard in the military, as fire is likely to be weaponized. Thus, it is important to find an effective substance to accelerate burn wound healing. This study used chitosan and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as wound dressings and investigated their effectiveness in femoral artery hemorrhage swine and rat burn models. Chitosan dressing has significant hemostatic properties compared with gauze. Histological results showed that burn wounds treated with chitosan or AuNP-coated chitosan dressings exhibited more cells and a continuous structure of the epidermis and dermis than those of the control and untreated lesion groups. Furthermore, both chitosan dressings have been shown to positively regulate the expression of genes- and cytokines/chemokines-related to the wound healing process; AuNP-coated chitosan significantly lessened severe sepsis and inflammation, balanced the activities of pro-fibrotic and anti-fibrotic ligands for tissue homeostasis, regulated angiogenesis, and inhibited apoptosis activity, thereby being beneficial for the burn microenvironment. Hence, chitosan alone or in combination with AuNPs represents a prospective therapeutic substance as a burn dressing which might be helpful for burn wound care. This study provides a novel hemostasis dressing for modern warfare that is simple to use by most medical and paramedical personnel handling for burn treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juin-Hong Cherng
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan;
- Department and Graduate Institute of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan;
| | - Cheng-An J. Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Center for Biomedical Engineering in Cancer, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan;
| | - Cheng-Che Liu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Graduate Institute of Physiology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan;
| | - Jue-Zong Yeh
- Department of Pharmacy, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan;
| | - Gang-Yi Fan
- Department and Graduate Institute of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan;
- Laboratory of Adult Stem Cell and Tissue Regeneration, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (H.-D.T.); (C.-F.C.)
| | - Hsin-Da Tsai
- Laboratory of Adult Stem Cell and Tissue Regeneration, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (H.-D.T.); (C.-F.C.)
| | - Chun-Fang Chung
- Laboratory of Adult Stem Cell and Tissue Regeneration, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (H.-D.T.); (C.-F.C.)
| | - Sheng-Der Hsu
- Division of Traumatology, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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A simple strategy to enhance the luminescence of metal nanoclusters and its application for turn-on detection of 2-thiouracil and hyaluronidase. Talanta 2022; 236:122876. [PMID: 34635256 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Metal nanoclusters (NCs) as promising nanomaterials for sensing applications have attracted significant attention because of their unique photoluminescence properties. However, the quantum yields of metal NCs are still relatively low when compared to conventional quantum dots and organic dyes, posing a major obstacle to their assay application. It is challenging but important to pursue a way to improve the luminescence of metal NCs. In this work, we developed a novel strategy to enhance the luminescence of silver nanoclusters (Ag NCs) based on the binding with 6-aza-2-thiothymine (ATT) via Au3+ bridging. We studied the possible mechanism of this binding-induced luminescence enhancement and attributed it to the ligands rigidifying. Since 2-thiouracil (2-TU), a common anticancer, antithyroid, and antiviral agent, featured a similar molecular structure of ATT, this luminescence enhancement strategy can be designed to sensitive and selective turn-on detect 2-TU. As far as we know, this is the first report for the fluorescent turn-on detect 2-TU. Benefiting from the good performance of this method and the advantages of fluorescence assay, intracellular imaging of 2-TU, which has yet to be achieved based on currently developed analytical methods for 2-TU, was carried out via our approach. Moreover, to further expand the sensing application of the developed luminescence enhancement method, we constructed a universal detection platform. Taking hyaluronidase as a target, the feasibility of the detection platform was confirmed. The discoveries in this study offer a simple route to improve the optical properties of NCs and design their sensing applications.
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Ferreira-Gonçalves T, Ferreira D, Ferreira HA, Reis CP. Nanogold-based materials in medicine: from their origins to their future. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2021; 16:2695-2723. [PMID: 34879741 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2021-0265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The properties of gold-based materials have been explored for centuries in several research fields, including medicine. Multiple published production methods for gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have shown that the physicochemical and optical properties of AuNPs depend on the production method used. These different AuNP properties have allowed exploration of their usefulness in countless distinct biomedical applications over the last few years. Here we present an extensive overview of the most commonly used AuNP production methods, the resulting distinct properties of the AuNPs and the potential application of these AuNPs in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tânia Ferreira-Gonçalves
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Department of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Health Technologies (DFFTS), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, Lisboa, 1649-003, Portugal
| | - David Ferreira
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Departamento de Desporto e Saúde, Escola de Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade de Évora, Largo dos Colegiais, Évora, 7000, Portugal
| | - Hugo A Ferreira
- Instituto de Biofísica e Engenharia Biomédica (IBEB), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa, 1749-016, Portugal
| | - Catarina P Reis
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Department of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Health Technologies (DFFTS), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, Lisboa, 1649-003, Portugal.,Instituto de Biofísica e Engenharia Biomédica (IBEB), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa, 1749-016, Portugal
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Managò S, Tramontano C, Delle Cave D, Chianese G, Zito G, De Stefano L, Terracciano M, Lonardo E, De Luca AC, Rea I. SERS Quantification of Galunisertib Delivery in Colorectal Cancer Cells by Plasmonic-Assisted Diatomite Nanoparticles. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2101711. [PMID: 34302422 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202101711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The small molecule Galunisertib (LY2157299, LY) shows multiple anticancer activities blocking the transforming growth factor-β1 receptor, responsible for the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by which colorectal cancer (CRC) cells acquire migratory and metastatic capacities. However, frequent dosing of LY can produce highly toxic metabolites. Alternative strategies to reduce drug side effects can rely on nanoscale drug delivery systems that have led to a medical revolution in the treatment of cancer, improving drug efficacy and lowering drug toxicity. Here, a hybrid nanosystem (DNP-AuNPs-LY@Gel) made of a porous diatomite nanoparticle decorated with plasmonic gold nanoparticles, in which LY is retained by a gelatin shell, is proposed. The multifunctional capability of the nanosystem is demonstrated by investigating the efficient LY delivery, the enhanced EMT reversion in CRCs and the intracellular quantification of drug release with a sub-femtogram resolution by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). The LY release trigger is the pH sensitivity of the gelatin shell to the CRC acidic microenvironment. The drug release is real-time monitored at single-cell level by analyzing the SERS signals of LY in CRC cells. The higher efficiency of LY delivered by the DNP-AuNPs-LY@Gel complex paves the way to an alternative strategy for lowering drug dosing and consequent side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Managò
- National Research Council, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Chiara Tramontano
- National Research Council, Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, Unit of Naples, Naples, 80131, Italy
- University of Naples Federico II, Department of Pharmacy, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Donatella Delle Cave
- National Research Council, Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Giovanna Chianese
- National Research Council, Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, Unit of Naples, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Zito
- National Research Council, Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, Unit of Naples, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Luca De Stefano
- National Research Council, Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, Unit of Naples, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Monica Terracciano
- University of Naples Federico II, Department of Pharmacy, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Enza Lonardo
- National Research Council, Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Anna Chiara De Luca
- National Research Council, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Ilaria Rea
- National Research Council, Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, Unit of Naples, Naples, 80131, Italy
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Wu X, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Shan Y, Peng Z, Gu B, Yang H. Au Nanoclusters Ameliorate Shigella Infectious Colitis by Inducing Oxidative Stress. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:4545-4557. [PMID: 34267512 PMCID: PMC8275169 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s315481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Shigella infection has always been a global burden, and it particularly threatens children between the ages of 1 and 5 years. Economically underdeveloped countries are dominated by Shigella flexneri infection. The most effective method to treat Shigella is antibiotics, but with the abuse of antibiotics and the prevalence of multidrug resistance, we urgently need a relatively safe non-antibiotic treatment to replace it. Ultrasmall Au nanoclusters (NCs) have special physical and chemical properties and can better interact with and be internalized by bacteria to disrupt the metabolic balance. The purpose of this study was to explore whether Au NCs may be a substitute for antibiotics to treat Shigella infections. Methods Au NCs and Shigella Sf301, R2448, and RII-1 were cocultured in vitro to evaluate the bactericidal ability of Au NCs. The degree of damage and mode of action of Au NCs in Shigella were clearly observed in images of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In vivo experiments were conducted to observe the changes in body weight, clinical disease activity index (DAI) and colon (including length and histopathological sections) of mice treated with Au NCs. The effect of Au NCs was analysed by measuring the content of lipocalin-2 (LCN2) and Shigella in faeces. Next, the changes in Shigella biofilm activity, the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the changes in metabolism-related and membrane-related genes, and the effect of Au NCs on the body weight of mice were determined to further analyse the mechanism of action and effect. Results Au NCs (100 μM) interfered with oxidative metabolism genes, induced a substantial increase in ROS levels, interacted with the cell membrane to destroy it, significantly killed Shigella, and effectively alleviated the intestinal damage caused by Shigella in mice. The activity of the biofilm formed by Shigella was reduced. Conclusion The effective antibacterial effect and good safety suggest that Au NCs represent a good potential alternative to antibiotics to treat Shigella infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Wu
- Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Laboratory Diagnostics, School of Medical Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongyan Chen
- Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Laboratory Diagnostics, School of Medical Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangheng Zhang
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunjie Shan
- Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Laboratory Diagnostics, School of Medical Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyue Peng
- Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Laboratory Diagnostics, School of Medical Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Gu
- Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Laboratory Diagnostics, School of Medical Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510000, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Yang
- Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Laboratory Diagnostics, School of Medical Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, People's Republic of China
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Gopinath SCB, Ismail ZH, Shapiai MI, Sobran NMM. Biosensing human blood clotting factor by dual probes: Evaluation by deep long short-term memory networks in time series forecasting. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2021; 69:930-938. [PMID: 33835514 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Artificial intelligence of things (AIoT) has become a potential tool for use in a wide range of fields, and its use is expanding in interdisciplinary sciences. On the other hand, in a clinical scenario, human blood-clotting disease (Royal disease) detection has been considered an urgent issue that has to be solved. This study uses AIoT with deep long short-term memory networks for biosensing application and analyzes the potent clinical target, human blood clotting factor IX, by its aptamer/antibody as the probe on the microscaled fingers and gaps of the interdigitated electrode. The earlier results by the current-volt measurements have shown the changes in the surface modification. The limit of detection (LOD) was noticed as 1 pM with the antibody as the probe, whereas the aptamer behaved better with the LOD at 100 fM. The time-series predictions from the AIoT application supported the obtained results with the laboratory analyses using both probes. This application clearly supports the results obtained from the interdigitated electrode sensor as aptamer to be the better option for analyzing the blood clotting defects. The current study supports a great implementation of AIoT in sensing application and can be followed for other clinical biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subash C B Gopinath
- Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Kangar, Perlis, 01000, Malaysia.,Faculty of Chemical Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Arau, Perlis, 02600, Malaysia
| | - Zool Hilmi Ismail
- Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Ibrahim Shapiai
- Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nur Maisarah Mohd Sobran
- Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Gold-silane complexed antibody immobilization on polystyrene ELISA surface for enhanced determination of matrix Metalloproteinase-9. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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