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Nishimura T, Murotani T, Sasaki H, Uekusa Y, Eguchi H, Ishigaki H, Takahashi K, Kubohara Y, Kikuchi H. Isolation and Structure Determination of New Pyrones from Dictyostelium spp. Cellular Slime Molds Coincubated with Pseudomonas spp. Molecules 2024; 29:2143. [PMID: 38731634 PMCID: PMC11085369 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29092143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellular slime molds are excellent model organisms in the field of cell and developmental biology because of their simple developmental patterns. During our studies on the identification of bioactive molecules from secondary metabolites of cellular slime molds toward the development of novel pharmaceuticals, we revealed the structural diversity of secondary metabolites. Cellular slime molds grow by feeding on bacteria, such as Klebsiella aerogenes and Escherichia coli, without using medium components. Although changing the feeding bacteria is expected to affect dramatically the secondary metabolite production, the effect of the feeding bacteria on the production of secondary metabolites is not known. Herein, we report the isolation and structure elucidation of clavapyrone (1) from Dictyostelium clavatum, intermedipyrone (2) from D. magnum, and magnumiol (3) from D. intermedium. These compounds are not obtained from usual cultural conditions with Klebsiella aerogenes but obtained from coincubated conditions with Pseudomonas spp. The results demonstrate the diversity of the secondary metabolites of cellular slime molds and suggest that widening the range of feeding bacteria for cellular slime molds would increase their application potential in drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takehiro Nishimura
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan;
| | - Takuya Murotani
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan; (T.M.); (H.S.); (H.E.)
| | - Hitomi Sasaki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan; (T.M.); (H.S.); (H.E.)
| | - Yoshinori Uekusa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan;
| | - Hiromi Eguchi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan; (T.M.); (H.S.); (H.E.)
| | - Hirotaka Ishigaki
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Health Science, Gunma Paz University, Takasaki 370-0006, Japan; (H.I.); (K.T.)
| | - Katsunori Takahashi
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Health Science, Gunma Paz University, Takasaki 370-0006, Japan; (H.I.); (K.T.)
| | - Yuzuru Kubohara
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, 1-1 Hiraga-gakuendai, Inzai, Chiba 270-1695, Japan;
| | - Haruhisa Kikuchi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan;
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan; (T.M.); (H.S.); (H.E.)
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Kawabe Y, Schaap P. Development of the dictyostelid Polysphondylium violaceum does not require secreted cAMP. Biol Open 2023; 12:286712. [PMID: 36688866 PMCID: PMC9922732 DOI: 10.1242/bio.059728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Group 4 Dictyostelia, like Dictyostelium discoideum, self-organize into aggregates and fruiting bodies using propagating waves of the chemoattractant cAMP, which are produced by a network containing the adenylate cyclase AcaA, cAMP receptors (Cars) and the extracellular cAMP phosphodiesterase PdsA. Additionally, AcaA and the adenylate cyclases AcrA and AcgA produce secreted cAMP for induction of aggregative and prespore gene expression and intracellular cAMP for PKA activation, with PKA triggering initiation of development and spore and stalk maturation. Non-group 4 species also use secreted cAMP to coordinate post-aggregative morphogenesis and prespore induction but use other attractants to aggregate. To understand how cAMP's role in aggregation evolved, we deleted the acaA, carA and pdsA genes of Polysphondylium violaceum, a sister species to group 4. acaA- fruiting bodies had thinner stalks but otherwise developed normally. Deletion of acrA, which was similarly expressed as acaA, reduced aggregation centre initiation and, as also occurred after D. discoideum acrA deletion, caused spore instability. Double acaA-acrA- mutants failed to form stable aggregates, a defect that was overcome by exposure to the PKA agonist 8Br-cAMP, and therefore likely due to reduced intracellular cAMP. The carA- and pdsA- mutants showed normal aggregation and fruiting body development. Together, the data showed that P. violaceum development does not critically require secreted cAMP, while roles of intracellular cAMP in initiation of development and spore maturation are conserved. Apparently, cell-cell communication underwent major taxon-group specific innovation in Dictyostelia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Kawabe
- School of Life Sciences, Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Dundee, Dundee DD15EH, UK
| | - Pauline Schaap
- School of Life Sciences, Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Dundee, Dundee DD15EH, UK,Author for correspondence ()
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Tafakori V. Slime molds as a valuable source of antimicrobial agents. AMB Express 2021; 11:92. [PMID: 34160704 PMCID: PMC8220367 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-021-01251-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the emerging multidrug-resistant pathogens, the number of effective antimicrobial agents to deal with the threat of bacterial and fungal resistance has fallen dramatically. Therefore, the critical solution to deal with the missing effective antibiotics is to research new sources or new synthetic antibiotics. Natural products have different advantages to be considered antimicrobial agents. There are different natural sources for antimicrobial agents, such as bacteria, fungi, algae, slime molds, and plants. This article has focused on antibiotics from slime molds, especially Myxomycetes. The reason why slime molds have been chosen to be studied is their unique bioactive metabolites, especially over the past couple of decades. Some of those metabolites have been demonstrated to possess antibiotic activities. Hence, this article has focused on the potential of these creatures as an alternative source of antibiotics.
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Cadelis MM, Copp BR, Wiles S. A Review of Fungal Protoilludane Sesquiterpenoid Natural Products. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:E928. [PMID: 33352728 PMCID: PMC7765842 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9120928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural products have been a great source for drug leads, due to a vast majority possessing unique chemical structures. Such an example is the protoilludane class of natural products which contain an annulated 5/6/4-ring system and are almost exclusively produced by fungi. They have been reported to possess a diverse range of bioactivities, including antimicrobial, antifungal and cytotoxic properties. In this review, we discuss the isolation, structure elucidation and any reported bioactivities of this compound class, including establishment of stereochemistry and any total syntheses of these natural products. A total of 180 protoilludane natural products, isolated in the last 70 years, from fungi, plant and marine sources are covered, highlighting their structural diversity and potential in drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa M. Cadelis
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland 1010, New Zealand;
- Bioluminescent Superbugs Lab, School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Auckland 1023, New Zealand;
| | - Brent R. Copp
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland 1010, New Zealand;
| | - Siouxsie Wiles
- Bioluminescent Superbugs Lab, School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Auckland 1023, New Zealand;
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