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Zhou F, Liu Y, Xiong S, Huang Y. The complete chloroplast genome of Illicium simonsii Maxim. (Illiciaceae), a species with important medicinal properties. Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2024; 9:678-682. [PMID: 38800621 PMCID: PMC11123442 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2024.2356753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Illicium simonsii Maxim (1888) is a medicinal species of the genus Illicium in the Illiciaceae family. It is commonly used to cure gastro-frigid vomiting, cystic hernia, gas pains in the chest, and scabies as folk medicine. To utilize its resources efficiently, the complete chloroplast genome of I. simonsii was sequenced, assembled, and annotated by using high-throughput sequencing data. The complete chloroplast genome was 143,038 bp in length, with a large single-copy region (LSC) of 101,094 bp, a short single-copy region (SSC) of 20,070 bp, and a pair of inverted repeats (IRs) of 21,874 bp. A total of 113 genes were annotated, including 79 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNA genes, and four rRNA genes. The phylogenetic tree exhibited that I. simonsii and Illicium burmanicum form a sister group, and were nested in the monophyletic clade of the Illicium genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuqin Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P. R. China
| | - Yunqi Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Xiong
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P. R. China
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Wu Y, Ding C, Zhang Z, Zhang J, Li Y, Song X, Zhang D. Sesquilignans: Current research and potential prospective. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 271:116445. [PMID: 38701715 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Lignans are widely distributed in nature, primarily found in the xylem and resins of plants, with the constituent units C6-C3, and their dimers are the most common in plants. In recent years, the trimeric sesquilignans have also received increasing attention from scholars. More than 200 derivatives have been isolated and identified from nearly 50 families, most of which are different types (monoepoxy lignans, bisepoxy lignans, benzofuran lignans) connected with simple phenylpropanoids through ether bonds, C-C bonds, and oxygen-containing rings to constitute sesquilignans. Some of them also possess pharmacological properties, including antioxidants, hepatoprotectives, antitumors, anti-inflammatory properties, and other properties. In addition, the chemical structure of sesquilignans is closely related to the pharmacological activity, and chemical modification of methoxylation enhances the pharmacological activity. In contrast, phenolic hydroxyl and hydroxyl glycosides reduce the pharmacological activity. Therefore, the present review aims to summarize the chemical diversity, bioactivities, and constitutive relationships to provide a theoretical basis for the more profound development and utilization of sesquilignans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Research and Application of "Taibai Qi Yao", Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, PR China.
| | - Chao Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Research and Application of "Taibai Qi Yao", Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, PR China.
| | - Zilong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Research and Application of "Taibai Qi Yao", Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, PR China.
| | - Jiayi Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Research and Application of "Taibai Qi Yao", Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, PR China.
| | - Yuze Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Research and Application of "Taibai Qi Yao", Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, PR China.
| | - Xiaomei Song
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Research and Application of "Taibai Qi Yao", Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, PR China.
| | - Dongdong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Research and Application of "Taibai Qi Yao", Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, PR China.
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Chau TP, Samdani MS, Kuriakose LL, Sindhu R. Assessment of multi-biomedical efficiency of Andrographis paniculata shoot extracts through in-vitro analysis and major compound identification. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 242:117779. [PMID: 38029817 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
The present investigation looked into the various biomedical potentials of Andrographis paniculata shoot extracts. The results showed that the methanol extract (Met-E) of A. paniculata contains more phytochemicals than the acetone and petroleum ether extracts, including alkaloids, saponins, tannins, phenolics, flavonoids, glycosides, terpenoids, phytosterol, steroids, and protein. Accordingly, the Met-E alone showed considerable bactericidal activity (through agar well diffusion method) against the bacterial pathogens namely Shigella dysenteriae, Bacillus cereus, Salmonella typhi, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphlococcus aureus, E. coli, and B. subtilis. This bactericidal activity was found as dose dependent manner, since at 1000 μg ml concentration, the Met-E showed better antibacterial activity. Similarly, at increased concentration (1000 μg ml) it showed notable antidiabetic (α-amylase inhibition: 74.31% and α-glucosidase inhibition: 72.34%), antioxidant (DPPH: 78.24%), and anti-inflammatory (albumin denaturation inhibition: 79.84% and lipoxigenase inhibition: 69.4%) activities. The phytochemical profiling of Met-E was characterized by UV-visible spectrophotometer (UV-vis), Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analyses. The results showed the Met-E contain bioactive compounds such as gallic acid, epicatechin, catechin, naringin, vitexin-2-rhamnoside, taxifolin, kaempferol, hesperidin, myricetin, rutin, quercetin, phloretin, and ursolic acid compounds. While most of these substances have been recognised for their pharmacological application perspective, the biological properties of particular substances must be studied in the future using in-vivo strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tan Phat Chau
- Faculty of Applied Technology, School of Technology, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
| | | | - Laya Liz Kuriakose
- Department of Food Technology, TKM Institute of Technology, Kollam, Kerala, India
| | - Raveendran Sindhu
- Department of Food Technology, TKM Institute of Technology, Kollam, Kerala, India.
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Sun C, Hao B, Pang D, Li Q, Li E, Yang Q, Zou Y, Liao S, Liu F. Diverse Galactooligosaccharides Differentially Reduce LPS-Induced Inflammation in Macrophages. Foods 2022; 11:foods11243973. [PMID: 36553716 PMCID: PMC9777761 DOI: 10.3390/foods11243973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of natural and synthetic galactooligosaccharides (GOS) on inflammation were explored by investigating the structure-activity relationship between the degree of GOS polymerization and in vitro anti-inflammatory activity, together with the potential underlying mechanism of their anti-inflammatory effects. The results demonstrated that GOS had strong anti-inflammatory effects in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 macrophages, including the inhibition of nitric oxide production and the reduced expression of pro-inflammatory mediators (interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor α), induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), and proteins related to the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling pathway. GOS4, which has the highest degree of polymerization, exerted the strongest anti-inflammatory activity among the GOS examined. More importantly, our findings confirmed the anti-inflammatory effects of GOS on RAW264.7 macrophages via the TLR4/NF-κB pathway. Our experimental results could provide further support for the exploration of GOS in human nutrition and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Sun
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510600, China
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, China
| | - Bifang Hao
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, China
| | - Daorui Pang
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510600, China
| | - Qian Li
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510600, China
| | - Erna Li
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510600, China
| | - Qiong Yang
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510600, China
| | - Yuxiao Zou
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510600, China
| | - Sentai Liao
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510600, China
| | - Fan Liu
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510600, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.:+86-20-87236897
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Li LC, Ning DS, Fu YX, Pan ZH. Structure elucidation and anti-inflammatory mechanism of difengpienol C, a new neolignan isolated from Illicium difengpi. Fitoterapia 2021; 153:104949. [PMID: 34087408 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2021.104949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Illicium difengpi is well-known as its stem barks that have been widely used in the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for therapy rheumatoid arthritis and traumatic injury. To comprehensive utilization of resources, the phytochemical investigation on the branches and leaves of this plant was carried out, which led to the isolation of an undescribed neolignan along with three known lignans. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic data and the new compound was elucidated as a neolignan possessing a dihydropyran ring formed by a unique conjugation way and named difengpienol C. Difengpienol C showed the strongest anti-inflammatory activity in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, which powerfully inhibited nitric oxide (NO), interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) production and suppressed the mRNA transcription of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), IL-6 and TNF-α. Besides, difengpienol C blocked the activation of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway. Therefore, difengpienol C might be a potent agent for anti-inflammatory drug development, and the non-traditional medicinal parts of Illicium difengpi can be identified as the source of natural anti-inflammatory molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian-Chun Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Functional Phytochemicals Research and Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin 541006, China.
| | - De-Sheng Ning
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Functional Phytochemicals Research and Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin 541006, China.
| | - Yu-Xia Fu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Functional Phytochemicals Research and Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin 541006, China
| | - Zheng-Hong Pan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Functional Phytochemicals Research and Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin 541006, China.
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Wei F, Zhu H, Li N, Yu C, Song Z, Wang S, Sun Y, Zheng L, Wang G, Huang Y, Bao Y, Sun L. Stevioside Activates AMPK to Suppress Inflammation in Macrophages and Protects Mice from LPS-Induced Lethal Shock. Molecules 2021; 26:858. [PMID: 33562046 PMCID: PMC7915908 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26040858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Stevioside, a diterpenoid glycoside, is widely used as a natural sweetener; meanwhile, it has been proven to possess various pharmacological properties as well. However, until now there were no comprehensive evaluations focused on the anti-inflammatory activity of stevioside. Thus, the anti-inflammatory activities of stevioside, both in macrophages (RAW 264.7 cells, THP-1 cells, and mouse peritoneal macrophages) and in mice, were extensively investigated for the potential application of stevioside as a novel anti-inflammatory agent. The results showed that stevioside was capable of down-regulating lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced expression and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediators in macrophages from different sources, such as IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, iNOS/NO, COX2, and HMGB1, whereas it up-regulated the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and TGF-β1. Further investigation showed that stevioside could activate the AMPK -mediated inhibition of IRF5 and NF-κB pathways. Similarly, in mice with LPS-induced lethal shock, stevioside inhibited release of pro-inflammatory factors, enhanced production of IL-10, and increased the survival rate of mice. More importantly, stevioside was also shown to activate AMPK in the periphery blood mononuclear cells of mice. Together, these results indicated that stevioside could significantly attenuate LPS-induced inflammatory responses both in vitro and in vivo through regulating several signaling pathways. These findings further strengthened the evidence that stevioside may be developed into a therapeutic agent against inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuyao Wei
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (F.W.); (H.Z.); (N.L.); (C.Y.); (Z.S.); (S.W.); (Y.S.); (Y.H.); (Y.B.)
| | - Hong Zhu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (F.W.); (H.Z.); (N.L.); (C.Y.); (Z.S.); (S.W.); (Y.S.); (Y.H.); (Y.B.)
| | - Na Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (F.W.); (H.Z.); (N.L.); (C.Y.); (Z.S.); (S.W.); (Y.S.); (Y.H.); (Y.B.)
| | - Chunlei Yu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (F.W.); (H.Z.); (N.L.); (C.Y.); (Z.S.); (S.W.); (Y.S.); (Y.H.); (Y.B.)
| | - Zhenbo Song
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (F.W.); (H.Z.); (N.L.); (C.Y.); (Z.S.); (S.W.); (Y.S.); (Y.H.); (Y.B.)
| | - Shuyue Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (F.W.); (H.Z.); (N.L.); (C.Y.); (Z.S.); (S.W.); (Y.S.); (Y.H.); (Y.B.)
| | - Ying Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (F.W.); (H.Z.); (N.L.); (C.Y.); (Z.S.); (S.W.); (Y.S.); (Y.H.); (Y.B.)
| | - Lihua Zheng
- Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (L.Z.); (G.W.)
| | - Guannan Wang
- Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (L.Z.); (G.W.)
| | - Yanxin Huang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (F.W.); (H.Z.); (N.L.); (C.Y.); (Z.S.); (S.W.); (Y.S.); (Y.H.); (Y.B.)
| | - Yongli Bao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (F.W.); (H.Z.); (N.L.); (C.Y.); (Z.S.); (S.W.); (Y.S.); (Y.H.); (Y.B.)
| | - Luguo Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (F.W.); (H.Z.); (N.L.); (C.Y.); (Z.S.); (S.W.); (Y.S.); (Y.H.); (Y.B.)
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