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Ložienė K, Maskolaitytė V, Labokas J, Būdienė J, Vaičiulytė V. Chemical Composition of Essential Oils and Local Knowledge of Myrica gale in Lithuania. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1050. [PMID: 36903911 PMCID: PMC10005319 DOI: 10.3390/plants12051050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Myrica gale L. (Myricaceae) is an essential oil-bearing plant that is rare in Lithuania and naturally grows only in the western part of the country. The aim of this study was to analyze the composition of essential oils of Myrica gale in different habitats in Lithuania and in different parts of the plant, as well as evaluate the local knowledge about M. gale as a medicinal and aromatic plant. Samples of fruits and leaves (from one and three M. gale populations, respectively) were studied separately. Essential oils were isolated from dried fruits and leaves by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC/FID and GC/MS methods. Results showed that M. gale fruits accumulated 4.03 ± 2.13% essential oils, meanwhile leaves-up to 19 times less. A total of 85 compounds were identified in the essential oils of the M. gale. Monoterpene hydrocarbons accounted for about half of the total essential oil content; meanwhile, either monoterpene hydrocarbons or sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (depending on habitat) dominated in leaves. The main compounds (depending on habitat) in essential oils of fruits and leaves were α-pinene, 1,8-cineole, limonene, δ-cadinene, and (E)-nerolidol. The high variation in the composition of M. gale essential oils suggests the presence of different chemotypes within the studied habitats of this plant. Evaluation of local knowledge of M. gale through the survey of 74 residents of 15 villages in western Lithuania showed that only 7% of respondents knew this plant. Poor knowledge of M. gale could be related to the narrow range of the natural species' distribution in Lithuania.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Ložienė
- Institute of Botany, Nature Research Centre, Žaliųjų Ežerų g. 47, LT-12200 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Pharmacy Center, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, M. K. Čiurlionio g. 21/27, LT-03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Viktorija Maskolaitytė
- Institute of Botany, Nature Research Centre, Žaliųjų Ežerų g. 47, LT-12200 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Pharmacy Center, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, M. K. Čiurlionio g. 21/27, LT-03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Juozas Labokas
- Institute of Botany, Nature Research Centre, Žaliųjų Ežerų g. 47, LT-12200 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Pharmacy Center, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, M. K. Čiurlionio g. 21/27, LT-03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Jurga Būdienė
- Institute of Ecology, Nature Research Centre, Akademijos g. 2, LT-08412 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Department of Organic Chemistry, Saulėtekio al. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Vaida Vaičiulytė
- Institute of Botany, Nature Research Centre, Žaliųjų Ežerų g. 47, LT-12200 Vilnius, Lithuania
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Michalak I, Püsküllüoğlub M. Look into my onco-forest - review of plant natural products with anticancer activity. Curr Top Med Chem 2022; 22:922-938. [PMID: 35240958 DOI: 10.2174/1568026622666220303112218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a multistage process that can be treated by numerous modalities including systemic treatment. About half of the molecules that have been approved in the last few decades count for plant derivatives. This review presents the application of tree/shrub-derived biologically active compounds as anticancer agents. Different parts of trees/shrubs - wood, bark, branches, roots, leaves, needles, fruits, flowers etc. - contain a wide variety of primary and secondary metabolites, which demonstrate anticancer properties. Special attention was paid to phenolics (phenolic acids and polyphenols, including flavonoids and non-flavonoids (tannins, lignans, stilbenes)), essential oils and their main constituents such as terpenes/terpenoids, phytosterols, alkaloids and many others. Anticancer properties of these compounds are mainly attributed to their strong antioxidant properties. In vitro experiments on various cancer cell lines revealed a cytotoxic effect of tree-derived extracts. Mechanisms of anticancer action of the extracts are also listed. Examples of drugs that successfully underwent clinical trials with well-established position in the guidelines created by oncological societies are provided. The review also focuses on directions for the future in the development of anticancer agents derived from trees/shrubs. Applying biologically active compounds derived from trees and shrubs as anticancer agents continuously seems a promising strategy in cancer systemic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Michalak
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Mirosława Püsküllüoğlub
- Labcorp (Polska) Sp. z o.o., Warsaw, Poland; c Department of Clinical Oncology, Maria Sklodowska Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Cracow Branch, Kraków, Poland
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Xia W, Gong E, Lin Y, Li T, Lian F, Zheng B, Liu RH. Comparison of phytochemical profiles, antioxidant and antiproliferative activities in Chinese bayberry (Myrica rubra Sieb. et Zucc.) fruits. J Food Sci 2021; 86:4691-4703. [PMID: 34549442 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Here, we examined the phytochemical profiles, antioxidant activity (AA), and antiproliferative activity (APA) of four Chinese bayberry (Myrica rubra Sieb. et Zucc.) pulp extracts. They were found to be rich in total phenolics content (TPC; 186.45 ± 5.42 to 498.94 ± 8.25 mg of gallic acid equiv./100 g FW) and total flavonoids content (TFC; 126.28 ± 4.18 to 194.35 ± 12.03 mg of catechin equiv./100 g FW). For all varieties, the free flavonoid/phenolic/anthocyanin contents were higher than that the bound fractions. Wild pink bayberry (WPB) displayed the highest values of TPC and TFC, and also showed the highest total antioxidant activity (TAA) as revealed by peroxyl radical scavenging capacity (PSC) (451.47 ± 8.01 µmol Vit. C equiv./100 g FW), and free cellular antioxidant activity (CAA) (184.99 ± 6.11 µmol quercetin equiv./100 g FW, no PBS wash; 117.78 ± 2.34 µmol quercetin equiv./100 g FW, PBS wash) assays. Bayberry extracts had a marked reduction in the APA of HepG2 cells, and WPB exhibited the lowest EC50 (8.50 ± 0.83 mg/ml) value, which was probably associated with cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Chinese bayberry (Myrica rubra Sieb. et Zucc.) fruit is rich in natural phenolic compounds, which might be a functional ingredient in food and nutraceutical products. Our findings would provide a logical strategy to promote the comprehensive utilization of phenolics in bayberry fruit with both health and economy benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Xia
- Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center), School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ersheng Gong
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yanyun Lin
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Products Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Products Processing Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Tong Li
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Fengli Lian
- Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center), School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bisheng Zheng
- Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center), School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Hai Liu
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
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