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Liu C, Guo Y, Wang B, Chen L, Xie K, Yang C. Establishment and Validation of a GC-MS/MS Method for the Quantification of Penicillin G Residues in Poultry Eggs. Foods 2021; 10:foods10112735. [PMID: 34829016 PMCID: PMC8621557 DOI: 10.3390/foods10112735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A simple and sensitive gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) method was established for the quantitative screening of penicillin G residues in chicken and duck eggs (whole egg, yolk and albumen). The analyte was separated on a TG-1MS capillary column (30.0 m × 0.25 mm i.d., 0.25 μm) with an external calibration method and electron impact (EI) ionization. Samples were pretreated using an accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) procedure followed by solid-phase extraction (SPE) on HLB cartridges (60 mg/3 mL). The derivative, which was safer and easier to store than penicillin G, was obtained by reacting trimethylsilyl diazomethane (TMSD) with penicillin G. The method was validated by the following parameters: linearity, accuracy, precision, limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ). The matrix-matched calibration curves had good linearity (R2 ≥ 0.9994) within the concentration range of LOQ-200.0 µg/kg for penicillin G in the sample matrices. In the same concentration range, the accuracy, in terms of recovery, was 80.31-94.50%; the relative standard deviation (RSD), intra-day RSD and inter-day RSD ranged from 1.24 to 3.44%, 2.13 to 4.82% and 2.74 to 6.13%, respectively. The LODs and LOQs of penicillin G in the matrices were in the ranges of 1.70-3.20 and 6.10-8.50 μg/kg, respectively. The applicability of the GC-MS/MS method was demonstrated by the determination of poultry eggs obtained from local markets with no penicillin G residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chujun Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (C.L.); (Y.G.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (B.W.); (L.C.)
| | - Yawen Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (C.L.); (Y.G.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (B.W.); (L.C.)
| | - Bo Wang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (B.W.); (L.C.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Lan Chen
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (B.W.); (L.C.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Kaizhou Xie
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (C.L.); (Y.G.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (B.W.); (L.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-139-5275-0925
| | - Chenggen Yang
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
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Gbylik-Sikorska M, Łebkowska-Wieruszewska B, Gajda A, Nowacka-Kozak E, Lisowski A, Posyniak A. Transfer of enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and lincomycin into eggshells and residue depletion in egg components after multiple oral administration to laying hens. Poult Sci 2021; 100:101341. [PMID: 34358950 PMCID: PMC8350541 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Regardless of whether antimicrobial drugs are administered to laying hens legally or illegally, residues of these drugs may be present in the eggs. Even if the eggs are not intended for human consumption, byproducts/biowaste, such as eggshells, may contain residues of the drugs used, which may pose a risk to human health and the environment. In the presented research, 2 different groups of laying hens received enrofloxacin (10 mg/kg body weight) and lincomycin (20 mg/kg body weight) once daily for 5 d. Eggs were collected daily and the concentration of enrofloxacin, its metabolite ciprofloxacin, and lincomycin residue in the eggshells, whole eggs, egg yolks, and egg whites were determined by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. This study demonstrates the transfer of enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and lincomycin into the eggshells and provides evidence for the distribution into the eggshells after administration of these drugs to laying hens. The enrofloxacin residues were detected in the eggshell for 10 d after cessation of treatment, ciprofloxacin and lincomycin were rapidly eliminated and 2 d after finish drugs administration they were no longer detected in the eggshell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Gbylik-Sikorska
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Veterinary Research Institute, Partyzantow 57, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland.
| | - Beata Łebkowska-Wieruszewska
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Environmental Protection, University of Life Sciences, Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Gajda
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Veterinary Research Institute, Partyzantow 57, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland
| | - Ewelina Nowacka-Kozak
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Veterinary Research Institute, Partyzantow 57, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland
| | - Andrzej Lisowski
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Biodiversity Conservation, University of Life Sciences, Lublin, Poland
| | - Andrzej Posyniak
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Veterinary Research Institute, Partyzantow 57, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland
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