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Zhang W, Zhang Y, Fan J, Feng Z, Song X. Pharmacological activity of capsaicin: Mechanisms and controversies (Review). Mol Med Rep 2024; 29:38. [PMID: 38240083 PMCID: PMC10828990 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2024.13162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Capsaicin, which is abundant in chili peppers, exerts antioxidative, antitumor, antiulcer and analgesic effects and it has demonstrated potential as a treatment for cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, oncological and dermatological conditions. Unique among natural irritants, capsaicin initially excites neurons but then 'calms' them into long‑lasting non‑responsiveness. Capsaicin can also promote weight loss, making it potentially useful for treating obesity. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain the therapeutic effects of capsaicin, including antioxidation, analgesia and promotion of apoptosis. Some of the mechanisms are proposed to be mediated by the capsaicin receptor (transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1), but some are proposed to be independent of that receptor. The clinical usefulness of capsaicin is limited by its short half‑life. The present review provided an overview of what is known about the therapeutic effects of capsaicin and the mechanisms involved and certain studies arguing against its clinical use were mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, P.R. China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, P.R. China
| | - Jinke Fan
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, P.R. China
| | - Zhiguo Feng
- School of Science, Qiongtai Normal University, Haikou, Hainan 571127, P.R. China
| | - Xinqiang Song
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, P.R. China
- School of Medicine, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, P.R. China
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Shamsheer R, Sunoqrot S, Kasabri V, Shalabi D, Alkhateeb R, Alhiari Y, Ababneh R, Ikhmais B, Abumansour H. Preparation and Characterization of Capsaicin Encapsulated Polymeric Micelles and Studies of Synergism with Nicotinic Acids as Potential Anticancer Nanomedicines. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2023; 15:107-125. [PMID: 37705853 PMCID: PMC10496848 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_311_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Objective/Methods Capsaicin micelles were prepared by the direct dissolution using the amphiphilic copolymer Pluronic P123 and advanced for substantially novel submicro-nanocytotoxicity. Results Superior cytotoxicity of capsaicin loaded nanomicelles vs. both the raw capsaicin and reference cisplatin in pancreatic PANC1, breast MCF7, colorectal resistant CACO2, skin A375, lung A549 and prostate PC3 cancer cell lines were delineated. Nicotinic acid (NA) derivative 39 (2-Amino IsoNA) had antiinflammatory potential but consistently lacked antiproliferation in MCF7, PANC1 and CACO2. Besides NA derivatives 8 (5-MethylNA) and 44 (6-AminoNA) exhibited lack of antiinflammation but had comparable antitumorigenesis potency to cisplatin in PANC1 cells. Though capsaicin loaded nanomicelles exerted pronounced antiinflammation (with IC50 value of 510 nM vs. Indomethacin's) in lipopolysacchride-induced inflammation of RAW247.6 macrophages; they lacked DPPH scavenging propensities. Free capsaicin proved more efficacious vs. its loaded nanocarriers to chemosensitize cytotoxicity of combinations with NAs 1(6-Hexyloxy Nicotinic Acid), 5(6-OctyloxyNA), 8(5-MethylNA), 12(6-Thien-2yl-NA), 13(5,6-DichloroNA) and 44(6-AminoNA) in CACO2, PANC1 and prostate PC3. Conclusion Capsaicin loaded nanomicelles proved more efficacious vs. free capsaicin to chemo-sensitize antiproliferation of cotreatments with NA derivatives, 1, 5, 8, 12, 13 and 44 (in skin A375), 1, 5, 8 and 12 (in breast MCF7), and 1, 5, 12 and 44 (in lung A549).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rawan Shamsheer
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Suhair Sunoqrot
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, AL-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Violet Kasabri
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Dana Shalabi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Rema Alkhateeb
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Yusuf Alhiari
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, AL-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Riad Ababneh
- Physics Department, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Balqis Ikhmais
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, AL-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Hamza Abumansour
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, AL-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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Talib WH, AlHur MJ, Al.Naimat S, Ahmad RE, Al-Yasari AH, Al-Dalaeen A, Thiab S, Mahmod AI. Anticancer Effect of Spices Used in Mediterranean Diet: Preventive and Therapeutic Potentials. Front Nutr 2022; 9:905658. [PMID: 35774546 PMCID: PMC9237507 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.905658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, with almost 10 million cancer-related deaths worldwide in 2020, so any investigation to prevent or cure this disease is very important. Spices have been studied widely in several countries to treat different diseases. However, studies that summarize the potential anticancer effect of spices used in Mediterranean diet are very limited. This review highlighted chemo-therapeutic and chemo-preventive effect of ginger, pepper, rosemary, turmeric, black cumin and clove. Moreover, the mechanisms of action for each one of them were figured out such as anti-angiogenesis, antioxidant, altering signaling pathways, induction of cell apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest, for several types of cancer. The most widely used spice in Mediterranean diet is black pepper (Piper nigrum L). Ginger and black cumin have the highest anticancer activity by targeting multiple cancer hallmarks. Apoptosis induction is the most common pathway activated by different spices in Mediterranean diet to inhibit cancer. Studies discussed in this review may help researchers to design and test new anticancer diets enriched with selected spices that have high activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wamidh H. Talib
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
- *Correspondence: Wamidh H. Talib
| | - Mallak J. AlHur
- Office of Scientific Affairs and Research, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Sumaiah Al.Naimat
- Office of Scientific Affairs and Research, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Rawand E. Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Anfal Al-Dalaeen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Samar Thiab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Asma Ismail Mahmod
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
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Lenihan JM, Mailloux MJ, Beeler AB. Multigram Scale Synthesis of Piperarborenines C-E. Org Process Res Dev 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.2c00049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jason M. Lenihan
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Matthew J. Mailloux
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Aaron B. Beeler
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
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Pappalardo I, Santarsiero A, De Luca M, Acquavia MA, Todisco S, Caddeo C, Bianco G, Infantino V, Martelli G, Vassallo A. Exploiting the Anti-Inflammatory Potential of White Capsicum Extract by the Nanoformulation in Phospholipid Vesicles. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10111683. [PMID: 34829554 PMCID: PMC8614711 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The peppers of the Capsicum species are exploited in many fields, as flavoring agents in food industry, or as decorative and therapeutic plants. Peppers show a diversified phytochemical content responsible for different biological activities. Synergic activity exerted by high levels of antioxidant compounds is responsible for their important anti-inflammatory property. A methanolic extract was obtained from a new pepper genotype and tested for anti-inflammatory activity. The extract was incorporated into phospholipid vesicles to increase the bioavailability of its bioactive components. Two types of phospholipid vesicles were produced, conventional liposomes and Penetration Enhancer containing Vesicles (PEVs). They were tested in human monoblastic leukemia U937 cell line, showing no cytotoxic effect. The intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) levels were measured to value the in vitro efficacy of the vesicles in regulating inflammatory responses. Liposomal incorporation significantly reduced ROS levels in extract-treated LPS-activated cells. Furthermore, LC-MS/MS analyses demonstrated that liposomes facilitated the transport of the extract components across the cell membrane and their accumulation into the cytoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Pappalardo
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (I.P.); (A.S.); (M.D.L.); (M.A.A.); (S.T.); (G.B.); (V.I.); (G.M.); (A.V.)
- ALMACABIO Srl, C/so Italia 27, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Anna Santarsiero
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (I.P.); (A.S.); (M.D.L.); (M.A.A.); (S.T.); (G.B.); (V.I.); (G.M.); (A.V.)
| | - Maria De Luca
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (I.P.); (A.S.); (M.D.L.); (M.A.A.); (S.T.); (G.B.); (V.I.); (G.M.); (A.V.)
- KAMABIO Srl, Via Al Boschetto 4/B, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Maria Assunta Acquavia
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (I.P.); (A.S.); (M.D.L.); (M.A.A.); (S.T.); (G.B.); (V.I.); (G.M.); (A.V.)
- Thema Informatik Srl, Via Ressel 2/F, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Simona Todisco
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (I.P.); (A.S.); (M.D.L.); (M.A.A.); (S.T.); (G.B.); (V.I.); (G.M.); (A.V.)
| | - Carla Caddeo
- Department of Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Sezione di Scienze del Farmaco, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0706-758-462
| | - Giuliana Bianco
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (I.P.); (A.S.); (M.D.L.); (M.A.A.); (S.T.); (G.B.); (V.I.); (G.M.); (A.V.)
| | - Vittoria Infantino
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (I.P.); (A.S.); (M.D.L.); (M.A.A.); (S.T.); (G.B.); (V.I.); (G.M.); (A.V.)
| | - Giuseppe Martelli
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (I.P.); (A.S.); (M.D.L.); (M.A.A.); (S.T.); (G.B.); (V.I.); (G.M.); (A.V.)
| | - Antonio Vassallo
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (I.P.); (A.S.); (M.D.L.); (M.A.A.); (S.T.); (G.B.); (V.I.); (G.M.); (A.V.)
- Spinoff TNcKILLERS s.r.l., Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
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